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LIBRARY 

OF  THE 

University  of  California: 

OIF"^"  OK 

Received  "^fyuzr^tyCo        .i^qK- 

Accession  No.  6^6  ^f     •    Class  No,  ^^  ^1+  C 


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DeceTv^eeR,  1595 


HOLIDAY  NUMBER 


Vol.  IV 

N 


A  SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA 
j^GAZINE 


losAnceles 


r.  LUMMIS 


\. 


J 


COPrBjOHifO   169^  ft*  I  *f^o  OF  SuMJMiMt   PUB  CO 


10 


CENTS      LAND  OF  SUNSHINE  PUBLISHING  CO., 

INCORPORATED 

A   COPY  501-503  Stimson  Building. 


$1 


VI 


;OTEli  VEHDOJVIE 


SRfi  JOSH, 

CALiIFOJ^NIA 


Charming  Summer  and  Winter  Resort. 
Sunny  Skies.     Climate  Unsurpassed. 

^      Heofltmofiers  lor  on  Toorisis  lo  me  Greoi  lick  ODservoiofy. 


THIS  BEAUTIFUL  HOTEL 
IS  S'TUATEO  IN  THE  WON- 
DERFUL SANTA  CLARA  VAL- 
LEY, THE  "garden  of  the 
WORLD." 

In  a  word  the  Vendome  is  Modern,  Comfortable,  Homelike  ;  is  First-Class  in  every  respect,  and 
so  are  its  patrons.    Write  for  rates  and  Illustrated  Souvenir. 


GEO.  P.  SNELL,  Manager, 


E.  W.  GRANNIS,  GROCER 

1  1  1  1   WEST  ADAMS  ST.       TEL.  WEST  1  36 

BEST    STORE    IN    SOUTHWEST    LOS    AINGELES. 

The  largest  and  finest  stock,  the  best  facilities.    Orders  by  mail  given  prompt  attention. 


HOTEL    GREEN,    PASADENA,    CAL. 


G.  G.  GREEN,  OWNER. 


J.H.    HOLMES,   MANAGER 


NOW  OPEN 

PASADENA'S 

MAGNIFICENT 
#     #    MORESQUE 
#        PALACE 

THE  f|OTEl 

— — Green 


The  newest  and  finest  Hotel  in 
L<os  Angeles  County.  Tennis  Court, 
Billiard  Room,  Private  Theatre, 
Klevators,  Electric  Lights,  Gardens, 
Readinic  and  Writing  Rooms,  Con- 
servatory. Promenade,  Orchestra, 
Over  300  sunny  and  spacious 
Rooms,  with  private  Parhors  and 
Bath  Rooms  ;  convenient  to  thre« 
lines  of  steum  railway  ;  Los  Angeles 
&  Pasadeda  Electiic  Cars  pass  the 
door. 

Every  Modern   Convenience 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


THE 


Land  of  Sunshine 


A  MAGAZINE  OF  CALIFORNIA  AND 
THE  SOUTHWEST. 


EDITED  BY 

CHARLES  F.  LUMMIS. 


Volume  IV 


Decern  be^t 


1896. 


Land  of  sunshine  publishing  Co. 
los  angeles,  gal. 


Q50 


f 


Copyright  1896  by 
Land  of  Sunshine  Publishing  Co. 


(tJancroft  Libre ry  ,     >>^  'o?  r.:-    -'^S^ 


USIVE 


The  La. 

INDEX    TO    VOL.    IV 

PAGE 

Alhambra,  The,  illustrated 126,  214 

An  American  Passion-Play,  illustrated Chas.  F.  Lummis  255 

Architecture  for  the  Southwest,  illustrated... Arthur  Burnett  Benton  126 

Blond  Wizard,  The Eve  Lummis  182 

Borglum  and  his  Work,  illustrated  34 

Borrowed  from  the  Enemy Chas.  F.  Lummis     26,  60 

Brother  Burro,  illustrated Chas.  F.  Lummis  106 

California  and  Fremont,  illustrated Jessie  Benton  Fremont  3 

California  (poem) Grace  EUery  Channing  18 

California  (poem) Clarence  Urmy  281 

California  Car  Windows  (poem) Charlotte  Perkins  Stetson  59 

California  Christmas,  A Estelle  Thomson  42 

California  Live  Oak,  A,  illustration 150 

California  Roadrunner,  The,  illustrated Bertha  F.  Herrick  138 

Charlie  Graham  (poem) Eugene  M.  Rhodes  227 

Christmas  Gardens,  illustrated J.  Torrey  Connor  77 

Cliff-Dwellings  near  Flagstaff,  illustration 210 

Climate,  Race  and Charles  Dudley  Warner  103 

Cloud  Play,  The  (poem) Jeanie  Peet  125 

Coahuia  Food-Getter,  The,  illustrated David  P.  Barrows  164 

Coahuia  Songs  and  Dances,  illustrated David  P.  Barrows  38 

Dance  in  Old  San  Diego,  A  (poem) John  Vance  Cheney  203 

Dancing  the  Cuna drawn  by  A.  F.  Harmer  202 

Don  Coyote,  illustrated C.  F,  Holder  179 

Founders  of  Los  Angeles,  The 173 

Fremont,  California  and,  illustrated Jessie  Benton  Fremont...  3 

Fremont  (poem) Joaquin  Miller  18 

Fremont,  John  Charles  (poem) Chas   F.  Lummis  18 

Glory  of  the  Yuccas,  The  (story)  Lillian  Corbett  Barnes  15 

Golden  Poppy,  The  (poem) Mary  E.  Mannix  231 

Grand  Cafion  of  the  Colorado,  illustrated 207,  247 

Greetings  from  the  West  (poem) Julia  Boynton  Green  86 

Heredity  (poem) Julia  Boynton  Green  37 

Hopkins  Seaside  Laboratory,  The,  illustrated Ernest  B.  Hoag  223 

How  Our  Landmarks  are  Going,  illustration 102 

Ice- Age,  A  Remnant  of  the,  illustrated Geo.  F.  Leavens  79 

In  a  Mexican  Plaza Edwin  Hall  Warner  83 

In  Exile  (poem) 163 

In  the  Lion's  Den/. The  Editor    43,  87,  139,  183,  235,  287 

Josh's  Revenge  (story) Wm.  H.  Coffin,  jr.  281 

Joss-House,  A  Chinese,  illustration 112 

La  Fiesta  de  Los  Angeles,  illustrated 269 

La  France  Roses  (poem) Nancy  K.  Foster  172 

Landmarks  Club,  The 85,  137,  i8r,  233,  285 

Lessons  from  the  Alhambra,  illustrated Chas.  D.  Tyng  214 


INDEX    TO    VOL.    IV. 
I^ocalities 

Alhambra,  Cal.,  illustrated 293 

Azusa,  Cal.,  illustrated 93 

Chula  Vista,  Cal  ,  illustrated 199 

Claremont,  Cal.,  illustrated 189 

Flagstaff,  Arizona,  illustrated 241 

San  Buenaventura,  Cal.,  illustrated 145 

Santa  Barbara,  Cal.,  illustrated 170 _ 

Sierra  Madre,  Cal.,  the  Plateau  of,  illustrated 193 

Madness  of  the  Rector,  The  (story) Grace  Ellery  Channing  175 

Mexican  Sweets,  Some Linda  Bell  Colson  134 

Midwinter  Coasting  in  Southern  California frontispiece 

Missions,  The  Old,  illustrated...  19,  43,  85,  102,  117,  137,  181,  222,  233,  285 

Mistletoe,  Home  of  the,  illustration 50 

Monterey  Mission  in  1792,  illustration 222 

Moqui  Snake  Dance,  The,  illustrated H.  N.  Rust  70 

Mountains  to  Ocean,  From,  illustrated 298 

Old  Los  Angeles  and  the  Plaza,  illustrated Mary  M.  Bowman  160 

Only  John,  illustrated J.  Torrey  Connor  in 

On  Mt.  San  Jacinto,  illustrated Bertraad  H.  Wentworth  151 

Our  Foothill  Neighbors Mary  A,  Wright  229 

Our  Historic  Treasures,  illustrated 117 

Our  Lady  of  Angels,  illustrated Auguste  Wey  19 

Pasadena  Rose  Tournament,  illustration 121 

Pelican  Flower,  The,  illustrated Edmund  D.  Sturtevant  31 

Penitentes,  Crucifixion  of  the,  illustration    264 

Penitentes,  Proces.sion  of  the,  illustration 262 

Pepper  Tree,  The  (poem) Julia  Boynton  Green  160 

Petrified  Forest  of  Arizona,  The,  illustrated H.  N.  Rust  123 

Race  and  Climate Charles  Dudley  Warner  103 

Rare  Morning-Glory,  A,  illustrated Ethelind  Lord  232 

Remnant  of  the  Ice  Age,  A,  illustrated Geo.  F.  Leavens  79 

Returned  Native,  The  (poem) Wm.  F.  Barnard  280 

Rocks  that  Make  Sounds Emma  S.  Marshall  286 

Semi-Tropic  Contrast,  A,  illustration 254 

Shadow  of  the  Great  Rock,  The  (story) Bertha  S.  Wilkins  227 

"  Sister  of  a  Saint,  The  " Margaret  Collier  Graham  87 

Southwestern  Types  (full  page  illustrations) 

An  Apache  Scout 69 

An  Old  Mestizo 26 

A  Street  Arab 159 

A  Tigua  Maiden,  Carlota 275 

Southwestern  Wonderland,  The,  illustrated. ..Chas.  F.  Lummis     204,  255 

Spanish  Drawn-work,  illustrated Auguste  Wey  51 

Strange  Frolic,  A,  illustrated Juan  de  la  Nieve  267 

That  Which  is  Written the  Editor    47,  90,  142,  186,  238,  290 

Two  Tigua  Folksongs,  illustrated John  Comfort  Fillmore  273 

Unfretted  Holidays,  illustrated 63 

Under  the  Copper  Sky  (story) Lillian  Corbett  Barnes  131 

Wachita  (poem) John  Vance  Cheney  59 

Wachtel  and  his  Work,  illustrated 168 

Wind  and  the  Holly  Tree,  The  (poem) Blanche  Trask  164 

With  Orange  Blossoms  at  Christmas  (poem)..Grace  Ellery  Channing  70 

Yuccas,  The  Glory  of  the  (story) Lillian  Corbett  Barnes  15 

Zarape,  The  (poem),  illustrated J.  W.  Wood  116 


^he  most  centrally  lo- 
cated, best  appointed 
and  best  kept  3otel 
in  the  city, 

■iAmerican    or    Suro- 
pean  Plan. 

Rates  reasonable. 


Second  and  ... 

Spring  Streets 

•   Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


THE 
ABBOTSFORD 


CORNER 

EIGHTH 
•  ND  HOPE 

STS. 


LOS  ANGELES. 
CAL. 


SELECT 
TOURIST   AND    FAMILY    HOTEL 

American  Plan.  All  new,  with 
refined  appointments.  Electric 
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Capacity,  200  guests. 

BY  J.  J.   MARTIN. 


HOTEL  pLEASANTON 

Cor.   SUTTER  AND  JONES  Sts. 

5ar>  prap(:i8<;o,  C;al. 


"mtrs 


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Special  Rates  to  Tonrists. 

Centrally  Located. 

Cuisine  Perfect. 
I  The  Leading  Family  and  Touri.st 
i  Hotel  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 


O.  n.  BRENNAN. 


PRO>>niCTon 


Pleaae  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  op  Sunshikb." 


liLfe^otei 

Windsor 

Redlands,  Cal. 

Tourist,  Commercial  and  Family. 

Under  its  new  management  this  hostelry 
has  been  refitted  throughout  with  all 
modern  conveniences  and  arrangements 
for  the  comfort  of  its  guests.  The  sleep- 
ing rooms  are  large  and  airy,  most  of 
Ihem  commanding  a  mountain  or  valley 
view  of  picturesque  grandeur.  Many  of 
the  suites  have  private  baths  connected 
The  proprietor  has  devoted  especial  atten- 
tion to  the  "cuisine,"  and  has  received 
many  encomiums  of  praise  from  guests 
for  its  excellence  In  fact,  the  Windsor  is 
left  with  regret,  many  of  its  guests  hesi- 
tating to  give  the  final  adieus. 

Rates  $2  to  $4  per  day;    Special 

by  week. 

I^arge  Sample  Room  free. 

H.   L.  SQUIRES.    PROPRicTOK 


YOUR    HEALTH! 


Ig  it  worth  a  trip  to  Southern 
California  ? 

If  so,  ADDRESS,  Dr.  J.  E.  Cowles. 


THE  PACIFIC  SANITARIUn 

Telephone138.   Hope  and  Pico  Sts.,  Los  Angeles,  Cai. 

BEST    PRIVATE    HOSPITAL    IN    SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA 

Sunny  rooms,  sanitary  plumbing,  home  cook- 
ing, trained  nurses,  baths,  Galvanism,  Faradism 
and  Massage.  Convenience  to  electric  and  cable 
cars.  

Office,  Bryson  Blocl(,  Rooms  1,  2  and  3 

Hours  10  to  12  a.  m.,  3  to  5  p.  m.    Tel.  1172 


$35  PER  ACRE 

will  grow  Oraneres,  Le 


For    Lands    located    in 

Southern   California. 

grow  Oranges,  Lemons,  and  all  other  fruits. 
I35.00  takes  the  choice.  Remember,  I35.00  for 
land  as  good  as  any  in  the  State.  Reached  by 
the  Southern  California  Railway. 
This  land  at  $35  per  acre  willnot  be  on  the  market, 
ajter  January  i^th  -next. 


SAN  MARCOS  I^AND    COMPANY. 
D.  P.  HALli:,  Manager. 

1336  £>  St.,  San  Diego,  Cal. 

W.  G.  JACOBS,  Superintendent, 

San  Marcos,  San  Diego  Co.,  CaL 


»^  L.BLANKENnORN.A\ANAGED.- 


OUR  TELEPHONE      l2li  SQ  BROADWAY 


L95  Angeles.  Gal.       no.  1552 


Above  is  an  idea  of  our  Line  etching  (ziiicograph)  from  original  design,  for  Covers,  Proerams,  Labels, 

Letter  Heads,  Advertisements,  etc.     Finest  quality  guaranteed  in  this  as  in  our  Halftone  work. 

Designing  a  specialty.    Finely  equipped  plant.    Skilled  artists  and  workmen. 

Note  the  specimens  of  our  Half-tone  work  in  this  number. 

Please  mention  that  you  "  «ftw  it  in  t^e  I^and  of  Sunshinb." 


IF  YOU  WISH  TO  KNOW 

All  about  it  and  how  easily  it  can  be 
accomplished 
WRITE  TO 

ROBT.   F.  JONES  &  CO., 

SANTA  MONICA.  CAL. 


A  Home  In  Southern  California 

riNC  nesiDENce   on   ranch 

PROPERTY  I 

BY  THE  SEA-SIDE  OR  AT  THE  FOOT  OF 
THE    MOUNTAINS 
In  or  near  a  progressive  community.    Pure  air,  i 
beautiful  surroundings.  j 


HCADQUARTCRS 

FOR    MOUNTED 


Souri$t  l/ieu;  Depot 


AND    UNMOUNTED    VIEWS. 


FOR  SALE, 


Special  to  the  Land  of  Sunshinr. — 6-room 
modern  new  Colonial  cottage.  Hall,  bath,  hot 
and  cold  water,  patent  water  closet,  fine  mantel, 
lawn,  street  graded,  etc.  Only  $2,500.  Terms, 
1500.  cash;  balance  monthly.  One  of  many  good 
homes  in  Los  Angeles  for  sale.  Before  you  ouy, 
sec  TAYLOR  &  CO.,  102  South  Broadway. 


CALIFORNIA    WINE    MERCHANT 


We  will  ship  two  sample  cases  assorted 
wines  (one  dozen  quarts  each)  to  any  part 
of  the  United  States,  Freight  Prepaid, 
upon  the  recipt  of  $9.00.  Pints  ( 24  in 
case),  50  cents  per  case  additional.  We 
will  mail  full  list  and  prices  upon  appli- 
cation. 


Respectfully, 

C.  F.  A.  LAST, 


131  N.  Main  St., 


Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


■HOTEL  AKCADIA,  Santa  Monica,  Cal. 

The  only  first  class 
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the  leading  coast  re- 
sort of  the  Pacific.  150 
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view  of  the  sea.  First- 
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belonging  to  Hotel 
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chef  from  the  Hotel 
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S.   RCINHART 

Pno^nikton 
Time  from  Los  An- 
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S.  P.  R.R.  35  minutes. 


3Tin  fTi.— ^  -.--~^:^" 

,    4j^:,^'^ianillfr  IPS 


W?m 


:m*^'-* 


L.  L..  NEWERF— REAL  ESTATE. 

226  S.  Spring.   Mngr.  Southern  California 
Land  and  Nursery  Co.    gperiai  attention 

invited  to  th«^  culture  of  the  Olive. 

WRITK  FOR  INFORMATION. 


HUNTER  &  CAMFIELD 

Real  Estate,  Insurance  and  Loars.  General  Business 
Agents.    Exchanges. 

1  12^  S.  BROADWAY.  LOS  ANGELES 


Cut  This  Out 

Or  show  this  magazine  at  our  office 

AND  MAKE  A  DIImE 

To  anyone  presenting  this  advertisement  we  will  issue  a  receipt, 
good  at  any  time  for  one  reduction  of  loc.  from  the  regular  price 
(^25c.)  ot  one  of  our  baths. 

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226  S.  Spring  St.,  Los  AngeIvES 

Oldest,  Largest  and  Best.    Send  for  Catalogue. 


G.  A.  Hough, 

President. 


N.  G.  Felker, 

Vice  President. 


FROBEL  INSTITUTE  <—  -  -.s. 

caEST  flDACnS  ST.   COR.   HOOVER  ST. 
LiOS   A)siGELtES 

All  grades  taught,  from  Kindergarten  to  College 
Training  School  for  Kindergartners  a  specialty. 

PROF.  AND  MME.  LOUIS  CLAVERIE. 

Circular  sent  on  application. 


LftS  GftSITflS  SflNITflRIUW 


"-^  ZOd%.^OUTHMAtN.jST. 


Situated  in  the  Sierra  Madre  foot-hills,  altitude 
2,000  feet.  Most  equable  climate  in  Southern  Cal- 
ifornia .  Pure  mountain  water.excellent  cuisine  ; 
easily  reached  by  Terminal  R.  R.  and  short  car- 
riage drive. 

0.  SHEPARD  BARNUM,  Propr. 

Drawer  1S6,  Pasadena,  Cal. 


IiOS  flflGEIiHS,  Cflli. 

If  you  wish  to  buy  or  sell  any  Real  Estate  in  this 
city,  call  on  or  address 

RICHARD  ALTSCHUL 

1233^  W.  Second  Street,  Los  Angeles,  GaL 


The  Pacific  <^h\"eT 


A  BUSINESS  MAN'S 


FACTORY  AND  SALESROOM, 

618-624  South  Broadway 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  I,and  of  Sunshine." 


/ 


Ui 


S 


fk 


THE    LANDS   OF  THE   SUN    EXPAND   THC    SOUL. 


VOL.  4,  No.  1, 


^^ 


LOS  ANGELES 


DECEMBER,  1895 


California  and  Fremont. 


Br  JESSIE    BENTOn   FREMONT. 


"  If  it  were  now  to  die 
'Twere  now  to  be  most  happy  :  for  I  fear 
My  soul  hath  her  content  so  absolute 
That  not  another  comfort  like  to  this 
Succeeds  in  unknown  Fate." 


OMETIMES  there  comes  a  culminating  hour  of  hopes 
fulfilled,  so  great,  so  deeply  felt,  that  Othello's  feeling 
seems  its  natural  expression.  "Unknown  Fate"  had 
other  comforts  still  in  store  for  Fremont,  but  this  beauti- 
ful Los  Angeles  country  was  the  scene  of  his  first,  his 
unalloyed,  memories  of  grand  success.  It  "inspired 
him  then  with  devotion  to  California,"  and  when  time  and 
illness  made  imperative  the  remove  to  a  gentle  climate 
his  heart  turned  to  Los  Angeles. 

"  There  are  no  rough  breezes  blowing 
*  In  that  fair  land," 

and  illness  was  stayed. 

Often  we  walked  in  vain  endeavor  to  retrace  once  well-known  places, 
but  they  were  built  over  with  houses  of  American  growth.  Even  the 
landscape  had  changed.  The  noble  sycamores  and  live  oak  trees  along 
the  unvexed  river  had  fallen  under  the  American  axe,  and  one  had  to 
drive  far  to  come  upon  a  familiar  object,  such  as  the  tall  pomegranate 
hedge  of  Don  Benito  Wilson,  and  the  San  Gabriel  Mission  church.  But 
the  everlasting  hills  were  there,  and  the  lovely  soft  spring-like  sunshine, 
though  we  had  left  New  York  in  a  snow  storm  and  reached  here  on 
Christmas  eve. 

And  some  few  old  friends  were  left,  and  there  were  many  welcoming 
new  ones.  Of  the  past  was  Godey,  the  faithful  companion  of  many 
dangers — Godey  the  light-hearted  and  fearless,  nearly  ninety  but 
still  gay  of  heart  and  alert  of  mind  and  body  and  renewing  the  youth 
of  his  old  Captain  with  his  "You  remember?    And  you  remember  ?  " 

CopTiicbt  ISM  by  Land  of  Soashiii*  Pab.  Co. 


4  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

And  Don  Totoy  Pico,  eighty  now,  who,  hearing  his  son  answer  "  yes, 
my  father  is  always  well ;  he  still  catches  and  saddles  his  horse  every 
morning,"  looks  severely  at  the  son  with  "  Y porque  no?'''  Why  not 
indeed,  in  such  wholesome  conditions  and  such  a  climate  ?  Listening  to 
the  cheery  talks  I  felt  the  joy  of  that  long-ago  time  for  them. 

**  You  remember  that  day  we  ride  over  from  San  Fernando  and  on  the 
Cahuenga  plain  we  see  Don  Andres  Pico  and  his  friends  riding  to  meet 
you?  Eh,  but  they  could  ride  !  And  their  fine  horses  dancing,  and  their 
silver  bridles  and  saddles  shining  !  and  we  just  in  our  blue  flannels  all 
stained  with  that  hard  march  over  the  Santa  Inez  mountains.  Well, 
we  were  good  men  all  the  same. 

"And  Don  Andres  rides,  all  alone,  to  meet  you,  when  you  leave  us 
and  ride  to  meet  him.  Then  he  unbuckles  his  sword  and  throws  it  far 
off — then  you  unbuckle  your  sword  and  throw  it  away,  and  just  you 
two  meet, 

"  Don  Andres  rides  alongside  and  holds  out  his  hand.  Don  Totoy 
by  me  says  '  he  thanks  him  for  giving  me  my  life.'  (Don  Totoy  lifts  a 
look  of  affection  to  the  General,  then  gravely  nods  approval  and  listens 
again.) 

'*  Then  you  settle  all  the  whole  thing ;  and  after  you  and  Don  Andres 
first,  we  all  ride  through  the  Pass  and  into  lyos  Angeles  —  Eh,  Mon 
Dieti"  cries  Godey,  who  was  the  true  old-time  French  enthusiast,  '■'Mon 
Dieu  c'etait  beau  /  " 

Ninety,  and  eighty,  and  seventy  grew  young  as  they  recalled  the 
days  of  glorious  youth. 

Fremont  was  in  exulting  youth,  only  thirty-three,  when  he  had  the 
certainty  that  on  the  Cahuenga  plain  he  had  completed  the  long  hopes 
and  great  aims  of  wise  men,  and  secured  that  ocean  frontier  "  that  now 
gives  us  a  country  from  sea  to  sea — from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  on 
the  breadth  of  the  temperate  zone." 

With  the  throwing  away  of  the  swords,  strife  ended ;  and  our  flag 
went  up  —  never  to  come  down  —  and  the  long  contest  for  dominion 
over  our  continent,  between  France  and  England,  transferred  by  P'rance 
to  us  in  selling  Louisiana  to  Jefferson,  was  now  finally  decided.  Though 
Admiral  Sir  George  Seymour,  commanding  the  Collingwood,  haughtily 
notified  Commodore  Sloat  that  he  had  instructed  British  Consuls  and 
through  them  British  interests  to  consider  the  condition  '■'provisional 
and  still  open.'' 

H.  M.  Ship  Coi^TvINGwood, 

Monterey,  22d.  July,  1846. 
{^Admiral  Seymour  to  Commodore  Sloat,  enclosing  his  instructions  to 

Forbes,  English  Consul : ) 
Instructions  to  Forbes,  from  Sir  George  Seymour,  Commanding  British 

Squadron  : 

*  *         *  "I  observe  in  the  proclamation  issued  on  the  7th  of 

July,  (Sloat's)    '  that  he  acquaints  the  inhabitants  that  California  will 
henceforward  be  a  portion  of  the  United  States.' 

"Whatever  may  be  the  expectations  of  that  officer,  I  apprehend  he 
would  not  be  warranted  by  the  practice  or  law  of  nations,  nor,  I  believe, 


CALIFORNIA    AND    FREMONT.  5 

by  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  to  declare  that  California  has 
been  annexed  to  that  Republic  ;  and  the  tenure  under  which  the  forces 
of  the  U,  S.  Squadron  at  present  hold  this  province  should  therefore  be 
regarded  as  a  provisional  occupation  pending  future  decisions  or  the 
issue  of  the  contest  between  the  United  States  and  Mexico  ;  and  in  that 
light  alone  it  should  be  regarded  by  you,  until  you  receive  instructions 
from  the  department  under  which  you  act,  for  your  conduct," 


A    Knf  Co. 


JESSIE  BENTON  FREMONT  AT   70. 
from  the  bu»t  by  John  (lutzon  Borglum. 


Negative  by  Mmnd*. 


6  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

With  his  large  feeling  for  this  public  good,  Fremont  had  that  inner, 
heart-warming  feeling  that  home  would  share  his  pride  and  joy  to  the 
roots.  For  great  international  events  must  have  roots.  They  cannot 
"  happen  ;  "  and  their  growth  is  of  logical  sequence.  With  England, 
however  slow  and  interrupted,  tenacious  always. 

Some  day  it  will  be  obligatory  to  teach  our  young  people  the  history 
of  their  own  nation. 

That  high  school  of  Boston  historians,  Prescott,  Motley,  Bancroft, 
—  has  been  carried  forward  and  supplemented  by  Parkman  and 
Winsor  and  others  who  have  individualized  our  later  history,  and  I  trust 
our  young  people  will  grow  up  in  knowledge  and  value  of  the  patient 
wisdom,  the  taking  advantage  of  opportunities,  which  finally  ended  the 
century  of  contest  between  France  and  England,  then  England  and  our- 
selves for  the  Mississippi  valley  ;  and  for  the  later  expansion  of  our 
country  westward,  and  to  the  Pacific. 

With  the  purchase  of  Louisiana,  Jefferson,  continuing  the  work  of  our 
Revolation,  used  every  means  to  counteract  England's  plans.  When 
he  was  President  he  would  not  even  send  to  the  Senate  the  treaty 
England  wished  confirmed  for  a  j'oini  navigation  of  the  Missisippi.  It 
was  Jefferson  who  sent  Lewis  and  Clarke  to  look  for — and  they  found — 
the  sources  of  the  Columbia.  We  all  know  how  near  we  came  to  war  long 
after  his  time  from  allowing  joint  occupation  of  that  river  by  England. 
"  When  that  Lion  lies  down  with  the  Lamb,  it  is  only  after  the  lamb  is 
inside  of  him." 

In  1824,  my  father,  whose  Missouri  constituents  numbered  many 
French  and  Spanish,  as  well  as  American  traders  to  New  Mexico  and 
on  to  the  Sea  of  Cortez  (as  the  Gulf  of  California  was  then  called),  was 
anxious  to  protect  them  across  Mexican  territory.  He  went  to  visit 
Jefferson  at  his  mountain  home  in  Virginia  and  inform  himself  regard- 
ing a  peaceable  outlet  to  the  Pacific. 

Jefferson  had  seen  to  this  during  his  Presidency,  and  a  map  was  re- 
ferred to — our  railways  use  now  much  of  that  old  "  Santa  F6  Trail " — and 
their  long  talk  of  future  interests  was  good  seed  falling  on  good  ground  ; 
to  bring  forth  a  hundred  fold. 

Among  powerful,  effective  forces,  now  closing  in  for  the  last  act,  was 
the  philosophical  historian  who  judged  the  future  by  the  past  as  he 
studied  the  history  of  nations  ;  the  learned,  the  honorable,  George  Ban- 
croft ;  who  among  many  high  uses  of  his  ninety  useful  years  actively 
moulded  the  history  of  California. 

He  had  had  previous  years  of  intimacy  with  my  father  and  with 
Mr.  Fremont ;  but  now  Mr.  Bancroft  had  come  to  Washington  as  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  under  President  Polk,  he  was  in  power  to  give  effect- 
ive shape  to  thought. 

It  was  my  happy  right  as  well  as  my  great  pleasure  to  be  part  in  the 
councils  held  over  the  coming  expedition  of  Fremont  ('45-46) — councils 
where  with  sure,  light  touch,  past,  present  and  future  events  were  gone 
over —  "Unknown  Fate  "  to  be  watched  for  by  the  light  of  the  past,  and 


CALIFORNIA   AND    FREMONT.  7 

all  present  advantages  to  be  used  in  shaping  the  future  ;  for  nothing  is 
more  true  than 

"Behind  Fate  There  Stands  a  Man." 

For  it  was  not  Mexico  but  England  we  had  now  to  confront  for  Cali- 
fornia.    It  was  no"  weak  power  trying  to  copy  our  republic,"  but  our 


H«rre  VritoA,  Edj.  GKN,   FREMONT  IN   1864. 

ancient  enemy  intending  to  hold  the  Bay  of  San   Francisco.    History 
cannot  be  understood  on  detached  facts. 

When  writing  his  memoirs  the  General  was  again  in  Washington  for 
the  conveniences  of  records.  Those  of  Mr.  Bancroft  were  precious, 
and  we  were  together  constantly.  There  is  not  place  here  for  all 
that  belongs  to  that  wonderfully  interesting  episode,  but  Mr.  Bancroft 
became    so    re-awakened  to    its    dramatic   interest    that    he   resolved 


8 


LAND   OF  SUNSHINE. 


to  write  a  monograph  on  the  taking  of  California.  And  in  his  87th 
year  he  made  the  long  travel  to  Nashville  to  consult  the  private  papers 
of  President  Polk  ;  Mrs.  Polk  giving  him  fullest  permission  to  copy  and 
use  all  he  needed.  Hence  the  Polk  diary,*  now  in  the  Lenox  library 
of  New  York,  which  bought  all  of  Mr.  Bancroft's  library  and  papers. 

Our  Oregon  question  was,  in  1845,  unsettled  and  angry  ;  Mexico  was 
preparing  for  war  with  us.  She  owed  a  huge  debt  to  Kngland,  and  an 
English  protectorate  of  California,  with  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco  as  an 
English  harbor,  would  be  held  as  security.  To  make  assurance  doubly 
sure,  a  colonization  scheme  was  accepted  by  Mexico  ;  nominally  re- 
ligious, but  to  be  made  up  from  England's  treasury  of  fighting  material, 
Irishmen  ;  these,  in  thousands  with  their  families,  were  to  have  a 
grant  of  the  San  Joaquin  valley  from  San  Gabriel  to  San  Francisco.f 
This  and  much  more  was  known,  ofiicially,  and  also  through  ex- 
ceptional information,  from  London  and  Mexico  City ;  and  this  is 
what  President  Polk  had  to  meet  in  March,  1845. 

No  "  weak  nation  trying  to  copy  our  Republic,^''  but  a  formidable  com- 
bination in  which  the  power  of  England  and  the  religious  zeal  of  the 
Catholic  church  had  also  governing  parts. 

To  meet  this,  at  once  and  with  the  utmost  secrecy  possible,  Bancroft 
sent  his  orders  of  June  24,  1845,  repeated  in  August  and  October,  to  Com- 
modore Sloat,  then  commanding  our  Pacific  squadron. J 

Earlier,  and  with  greater  silence  (because  oral  instructions  could  be 
given)  Fremont  says,  "  In  1845  I  was  sent  out  at  the  head  of  a  third  and 
stronger  expedition  with  instructions  to  foil  England  by  carrying  the 
imminent  war  with  Mexico  into  their  territory  of  California.  At  the 
fitting  moment  that  territory  was  seized,  and  held,  by  the  United  States." 
Silence  is  essential  to  military  success — Mexico  had  not  proclaimed  her 
combinations,  though  we  learned  them  through  exceptional  channels  ;  as 
she  learned  all  that  could  be  known  or  inferred  of  ours,  partly  through 
a  woman  in  society,  who  was  employed  by  the  English  Legation. 
For  the  sake  of  her  family,  Mr.  Buchanan,  always  kind-natured  and 
hating  a  fuss,  made  no  exposure,  but  thereafter  he  opened  his  own  mail; 
and  brought  all  his  Mexican  correspondence  and  newspapers  to  our 
house  for  reading  and  translation,  as  he  knew  no  Spanish.  My  father 
did,  also  General  Dix  of  New  York,  and  these  two  as  Chairman  and 
member  of  the  Senate  Military  Committee  were  necessarily  in  active 
consultation  with  the  President.  In  the  security  of  my  father's  library 
these  Spanish  letters  would  be  read  to  Mr.  Buchanan — discussed,  and  (by 
my  sister  and  myself)  translations  made  of  points  to  be  laid  before  the 
President  and  Cabinet.  In  this  way  I  can  speak  with  authority  of  the 
councils  I  saw  held,  and  the  results  hoped  for  from  Mr.  Fremont's 
third  expedition.  It  was  all  planned — leaving  details  of  time^  place 
and  circumstance  to  his  own  discretion.      If  possible,    he   was  to  be 


*  See  Atlantic  Monthly— August  aad  September,  1895. 

+  The  agent  for  this  colonization  resided  all  winter  with  the  British  Consul  in  Mexico  City,  was  sent  on  to 
California  as  a  guest  on  the  British  war  frigate  Juno,  and  taken  away  by  Sir  George  Seymour  on  H.  B.  M.'s  man- 
of-war  Collingwood. 

X  The  orders  under  which  Sloat  raised  our  flag,  July  7,  1846. 


CALIFORNIA    AND    FREMONT.  9 

further  directed  later.  But  that  might  be  impossible  because  of  war, 
and  the  interruption  of  the  only  and  slow  means  of  travel,  involving 
months  of  time   and  great  personal   risk.     The  home   government   of 


L  A  Eng.  Co.  Photo,  (copyrighted)  by  I).< 


"the  PATHFINDER"  AT  77  {jUNE,    I890). 


lo  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

Mexico  sent  positive  orders  to  General  Castro  to  drive  Fremont  out  of 
the  country  ;  Fremont  having  previously  asked  and  obtained  his  per- 
mission to  rest  and  refresh  his  party.  These  orders  arrived  by  the 
brig  Hannah,  March  9th,  1846,  and  were  at  once  made  fully  known 
by  General  Castro  to  our  Consul,  Larkin — and  Mr.  Larkin  immediately 
informs  and  warns  Fremont  ,  also  writes  it  to  the  State  department 
ofl5cially. 

Castro  then  made  a  pretext  that  his  permission  did  not  include  the  coast 
country  ;  and  Fremont,  thinking  the  time  had  come,  entrenched  himself 
on  the  Gavilan  Peak.  But  judging  it  premature  he  left,  after  some  days' 
waiting,  and  moved  slowly  north — where  Gillespie  overtook  him  a  few 
weeks  later  with  the  expected  signal.  Gillespie  came  direct  from  the 
President  and  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  accredited  as  ''Special  and  Con- 
fidential agent  for  California. ' '  Through  Gillespie  Fremont  obtained  all 
needed  supplies  and  money  from  the  Naval  officer  in  command  then, 
Captain  Montgomery,  U.  S.  S.  Portsmouth. 

For  six  months  after  our  flag  was  raised  there  was  not,  and  never  had 
been  in  California,  but  one  officer  of  the  U.  S.  Army,  Fremont.  His 
party  were  American  citizens  ;  self-reliant,  experienced  mountain  men — 
'*  each  of  us  Captain  in  his  own  way,"  as  Carson  said  to  me  with  just 
pride.  Now  when  notified  from  Washington  through  Gillespie  ' '  the 
time  has  come  to  act — discrketly,  but  act,"  Fremont  asked  the  aid  of 
American  immigrants  and  raised  our  flag. 

Commodore  Stockton  could  not  as  a  Naval  officer  "  command  "  either 
an  army  officer  or  citizens.  But  as  a  land  force  was  needed  to  co-operate 
with  the  men-of-war  along  the  coast,  they  all,  Fremont  and  the 
Pioneers,  voIvUNTEERED  to  serve  under  Stockton  ;  renouncing,  for  the 
sake  of  securing  California,  the  dearest  right  of  Americans,  independent 
self-control.  They  laughed  at  Stockton's  offer  to  pay  them  twelve  dollars 
a  month.  "  We  only  want  pay  for  our  wagons  and  teams  and  guns  ;  we 
will  trust  the  government."  And  our  government  did  pay  them  in  that 
way  ;  paid  them  all  the  expenses  of  their  part  in  taking  California. 
And  interesting  reading  it  makes  now  to  see  in  those  Congressional 
debates  who  opposed  having  "valueless  land"  on  any  terms.  Only 
fifty  years  ago  !  This  war  debt  was  less  than  one  million,  and  fourteen 
millions  was  the  price  paid  Mexico  for  California.  After  '48  and  the 
gold  discoveries,  fancy  if  fourteen  millons  would  have  been  accepted. 

It  is  not  a  gracious  office  to  overthrow  a  local  story,  but  really  as 
there  was  not  a  single  soldier  or  uniform  in  Fremont's  battalion,  "the 
many  army  buttons  and  other  evidences  of  a  soldier  camp  "  found  some 
miles  west  of  Los  Angeles,  cannot  be  held  as  belonging  to  his  forces. 
He  came,  direct,  into  the  little  town.  Was  warmly  welcomed,  and  at 
once  occupied  a  large  two-story  adobe  house  with  a  broad  gallery  all 
around  the  upper  story.  The  house  was  not  far  from  the  old  Spanish 
cathedral  —  nearly  in  a  line  with  the  hill  long  called  "  Fort  Hill."  The 
battery  and  earthworks  were  put  by  him  on  the  projecting  height  where 
Mrs.  Wills  has  built  her  beautiful  home  — localities  identified  by  General 
Fr6mont  for  her  soon    after  our  arrival  in  1888— and  the  flag  of  the 


CALIFORNIA    AND    FREMONT. 


II 


Castelar  street  school  is  almost  where  our  flag — of  fewer  stars  then,  but 
equal  power — waved  in  the  sea  breeze  against  the  same  majestic 
mountain  background. 

Trade's  effjacing  finger  has  built  away  the  traces  of  the  old  head- 
quarters, but  it  was  in  line  with  the  battery  above  on  the  hill,  and 
traces  of  the  earthworks  still  remained  when  we  came  out  seven  years 
ago.  Naturally  the  battalion  was  quartered  very  near.  Self-respecting 
men  they  were,  used  to  good  homes  and  comforts,  and  the  long,  rainy 
march  over  and  among  the  coast  mountains  had  been  wet  and  rough. 

"  I  pause  to  say  that  only  in  emergencies  which  call  out  the  best  men, 


fnend,  Cng.  SENATOR  BENTON,  OF  MISSOURI. 

of  Mtb.  FiMDont,  and  tb*  flnt  great  foretecr  and  friend  of  tba  Woat  (from  portrait  bj  friodriebi,  abont  1839). 


12  LAND    or   SUNSHINE. 

could  any  four  hundred  be  collected  together  among  whom  would  be 
found  an  equal  number  of  good  self-respecting  men  as  were  in  the 
ranks  and  among  the  officers  of  the  companies  and  of  the  staff  of  this 
corps."     (Fremont's  Memoirs,  p.  595.) 

Fremont  had  had  many  charges  to  "conciliate  the  people  of  the 
country,"  and  did  so  from  his  own  feelings  as  well  as  for  policy  ; 
it  had  been  one  of  his  advantages  for  this  that  he  needed  no  in- 
terpreter, for  he  knew  Spanish  well,  and  acting  directly  with  governing 
Californians  they  came  to  know  and  trust  him. 

Stockton  had  issued  a  proclamation  declaring  forfeited  the  lives  of  in- 
surgents who  had  broken  parole — Don  Totoy,  captured  at  Santa  Barbara, 


Herve  Friend.  Eng. 
MRS. 


FREMONT'S  HOME,   WEST   28tH  STREET, 


Photo,  by  Maude. 
LOS  ANGELES. 


had  broken  his  parole,  also ;  and  so  by  military  law  forfeited  his  life. 
But  this  extreme  measure,  though  decided  on  by  a  court  martial,  and 
bravely  accepted  by  Pico,  was  set  aside  by  Fremont.  Pico's  name  was  a 
noun  of  multitude,  and  this  pardon  touched  many  of  the  most  influen- 
tial Californians,  and  caused  the  surrender  to  Fremont  rather  than  to 
Stockton. 

An  elderly  woman,  Doiia  Bernarda  Ruiz,  aunt  to  the  Picos,  came  to 
thank  Fremont  for  Pico's  life,  and  offered  herself  as  intermediary  with 
Don  Andres.  Largely  to  her  good  sense  and  clear  perception  of  the  in- 
evitable, was  due  the  shaping  of  that  historic  treaty  of  Cahuenga,  em- 
bodied in  the  final  settlement  of  Guadalupe  Hidalgo.  Which  also 
settled  Admiral  Seymour's  defiant  protest. 


CALIFORNIA   AND    FREMONT. 


13 


L.  A.  Enf .  Co.  ^!-^-~'--      ;-:•-'-':■    :  _-i. :.:_-:■  1   ._: 

This  miniature,  punted  in  Kichmond  by  Dodge,  wu  carried  by  Kit  Canon  aoroM 
the  plaint  to  Col.  Fremont  in  California. 

Los  Angeles,  15th  January,  1847. 
(Commodore  Stockton  reports  to  the  Navy  Department.) 
*  *  "It  seems  that  not  being  able  to  negotiate  with  me,  and 
having  lost  the  battles  of  the  8th  and  9th,  they  met  Col.  Fremont  on  the 
I2th  on  his  way  here,  who  not  knowing  what  had  occurred,  entered  into 
the  capitulation  with  them  which  I  now  send  you  ;  and  although  I  re- 
fused to  do  it  myself,  still  I  have  thought  it  best  to  approve  it.  I  am 
glad  to  say  that  by  this  capitulation  we  have  recovered  the  gun  taken  by 
the  insurgents  at  the  sad  defeat  of  General  Kearney  at  San  Pasqual." 

**  Conciliate  the  people  of  the  country  "  was  a  direction  as  congenial 
to  Pr^mont'8  nature  as  it  was  good  ^j^SSfseUsa^^^  withstands  social 


14 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


intercourse."  Many  a 
friendship  made  then 
lasted  through  life  ;  and 
I  have  often  been  made 
to  feel  its  warm  remem- 
bering atmosphere. 
And  many  dances  made 
gay  the  roomy  head- 
quarters— s  o  m  e  t  i  m  e  s 
prolonged  until  the  sun- 
rise gun  was  fired  from 
the  Fort  Always  at 
that  hour  Mr.  Fremont's 
horse  was  waiting  him, 
and  in  the  sweet,  still 
sunrise,  he  loved  to 
lope  across  country  un- 
til he  reached  one  of 
the  lovely  hills,  where 
giving  his  horse  its 
lariat's  range  he  would 
lie  under  a  tree  in  con- 
genial solitude  "  revolv- 
ing many  memories"  in 
a  dream  of  unalloyed 
delight  — delight  in 
scenery  and  climate,  and 
that  enchantment  of 
realized  ambitions 
which  made  it  for  always 
"  A  content  most  abso- 
lute." Of  the  many  kindnesses  unknown  Fate  reserved  for  Fremont  the 
kindest  was  the  last.  He  had  just  succeeded  in  a  most  cherished  wish. 
Peace  and  rest  were  again  secured,  when  he  was  attacked  in  New 
York  by  what  he  thought  was  a  passing  summer  illness.  His  physician 
recognized  danger,  and  quickly  the  cessation  of  pain  showed  a  fatal 
condition.  But  this  was  mercifully  unknown  to  his  patient,  and  again 
his  content  was  kept  "absolute"  —  family  affection  never  failed  Fre- 
mont, and  now  it  was  on  guard  to  protect  him  from  the  useless  pain  of 
knowing  the  grief  to  follow  for  others.  Night  and  day  his  loving  son 
watched  over  him,  and  with  their  long-time  friend  and  physician  kept 
unbroken  his  happy  composure.  Rousing  from  a  prolonged  deep  sleep 
the  General  said  "  If  I  continue  so  comfortable  I  can  finish  my  writing 
next  week  and  go  home."  Seeing  the  eyes  closing  again  his  physician 
said,  to  test  the  mind  : 

"  Home  ?     Where  do  you  call  home,  General  ?  " 

One  last  clear  look,  a  pleased  smile  :  "  California,  of  course." 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


Photo,  by  C.  F.  L.,  Nov.  6,  1S95. 
A   STUDY   OF   MRS.    FRKMONT. 


Los  Angeles,  October,  1895. 


"¥ 


15 

The  Glory  of  the  Yuccas. 

BY   LILLIAN    CORBETT   BARNES. 

Ah  love!  such  happy  days  as  these! 

Must  we  still  waste  them,  craving  for  the  best?" 

TiiK  Earthly  Paradise. 

ES,  Signor,  you  are  right,  there  is  to  be  a  service.  The  pictures 
can  be  seen  after  the  service.  It  is  for  the  Spanish-speaking 
pilgrims  now  in  Rome.  They  are  from  the  Americas.  Perhaps 
you  also  are  from  the  Americas?  Perhaps  you  also  speak  the  Spanish? 
Perhaps  you  would  like  to  hear  the  sermon  ?  "  All  this  in  voluble  Italian 
from  the  acolyte  lighting  up  the  church. 

Margaret  looked  helplessly  at  me.  I  interpreted  ;  whereupon  she 
twisted  her  pretty,  thin  New  England  mouth:  "Tell  him,  no,  and 
thank  you  kindly,  too." 

"On  the  contrary,"  I  pleaded — strange  memories  tugging  at  my  heart, 
"  I  have  a  fancy  for  the  Spanish." 

"  Oh,  in  that  case  !  " 

I  turned  to  the  acolyte,  "  Si  Senor,  nosotros  nos  quedamus.  Espafiol 
es  la  lengua  de  la  devocion." 

Again  the  swift  Italian.  "  You  stay  ?  You  said  that  you  will  stay? 
I  do  not  understand  the  Spanish  myself,  but  Father  Barda — he  who 
preaches  today — it  is  music  when  he  speaks.  And  he  is  himself  from 
the  Americas — from — how  do  you  call  it  ?     Nueva  Spain  ?     California  ?  " 

He  had  brought  us  a  couple  of  chairs  and  was  turning  away.  "Barda?" 
I  repeated,  "  Barda  ?  " 

"Si,  Signor,  Father  Manuel  Barda." 

Memory  was  master  now.  Again  I  galloped  on  Juanita  under  a  sky 
of  burning  blue  over  a  rainbow-blossomed  earth,  from  which  rose,  here, 
there,  everywhere,  the  tall,  white-cupped  j'uccas.  High  on  the  mesa 
before  me  stretched  the  long,  low  adobe,  protected  forever  from  the 
desert,  assured  forever  of  the  tropics,  by  its  background  of  sunlit  moun- 
tains. Again  I  drew  rein  and  wound  slowly  in  and  out,  up  and  up, 
among  vineyards  and  orange  orchards.  Again  Ysidro  Barda  stood  on 
the  porch  to  welcome  me — But  the  preacher  was  already  in  the  pulpit — 
could  that  be  Manuel  Barda?  I  bowed  my  head,  my  brain  groped 
among  the  forgotten  dates  for  the  hour  when  those  yuccas  opened  to  the 
sun.  Yes,  it  was  long  ago — very  long  ago.  "My  countrymen,  my 
kinfolk  " — I  raised  my  eyes.  The  worn,  ascetic  face  was  transfigured  by 
the  fire  of  the  fanatic,  the  saint.  The  people  hung  spell-bound  upon  his 
words — words  whose  music  I  acknowledged,  but  whose  meaning  was 
dim  to  me.  Ah,  here  was  something  intelligible  at  last,  something  that 
breathed  of  the  world  I  understood  !  "  Like  the  glory  of  the  yuccas  in 
full  blossom — "  he  paused,  a  smile,  an  almost  boyish  smile,  crept  across 
bis  lips.  I  leaned  eagerly  forward  and  looked  more  intently  at  him. 
And  as  I  looked,  the  dusky  church,  the  black-robed  pilgrims,  the  whole 
present  of  space,  of  time  faded  and  passed  away. 

Concepcion  sat  in  the  sun  at  the  end  of  the  porch,  her  baby  crowing 
in  her  arms.     She  sang  to  it — little  disconnected  fragments  of  Spanish 


i6  -  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

lullabies, — and  the  pepper-tree  boughs  cast  tiny,  flickering  shadows  over 
them  both.     I  drew  up  a  stool  beside  her. 

**  Here  is  a  member  of  the  family  I  have  not  seen  before." 

"Not?  That  is  because  you  are  here  little  time.  He  is  vera 
important." 

"  Does  he  belong  to  you? " 

"  Oh  yes,  he  is  mine.     Seven  months  old  today." 

"And  his  name  ?" 

She  bent  over  the  child.     "  Manuel  Barda,  I  call  him  Manuelito." 

"  And  his  " — the  question  died  on  my  tongue.  Concepcion  was 
Ysidro's  sister-in-law,  that  much  I  knew,  but  of  his  brother,  her  hus- 
band, no  one  had  spoken.  I  suddenly  felt  it  discourteous  to  ask.  Per- 
haps Concepcion  read  my  thoughts,  for  she  said  quietly,  "  My  husband 
— Manuel  Barda — he  is  a  priest." 

I  stared  in  dumb  amazement. 

"You  are  our  friend,"  she  went  on,  "I  tell  you  about  it.  If  I  could 
only  speak  the  English." 

"  Your  English  is  beautiful,  Sefiora." 

"  He  wished  to  be  a  priest — always  from  a  boy,  and  then — he  forgot " 
— she  flushed,  hesitated  a  little,  and  went  bravely  on,  "  and  after  we 
were  married,  it  came  again — the  desire.  I  saw  it  growing  on  his  face, 
but  I  did  not  understand — not  then.  I  thought  that  he — ."  Again  she 
left  her  sentence  unfinished.  "Then  there  was  a — a — I  know  not  how 
you  call  it  in  English.  There  was  church  every  day,  all  day,  and  you  go, 
and  Manuel  would  stay  at  the  Mission.  And  he  came  not  back.  He 
wrote.  He  was  to  be  a  priest.  It  was  the  will  of  God.  He  had  had  a — 
a — how  do  you  call  it?     A  something  seen — " 

' '  A  vision  ?  ' ' 

"Yes — a  vision." 

"And  then?" 

"That  is  all." 

I  picked  a  geranium  leaf  and  broke  it  absently  in  my  fingers.  "  But, 
Seriora,  did  no  one  object — not  Ysidro,  nor  his  mother,  nor  the  Fathers  ?" 

"Oh,  yes,  they  were  vera  angry.  They  said  to  come  home.  They 
talked  of  me,  always  of  me.  I  grew  vera  tired.  I  said  it  was  no  use. 
What  can  you  do  when  there  is  a  vision  ?  He  goes  to  Italia  vera  soon — 
to  Roma.     The  Fathers  have  not  let  him  go  last  winter." 

"  Then  he  is  not  a  priest  yet  ?  " 

"  Not  yet — but  he  will  be.     There  was  a  vision." 

I  looked  into  her  face — that  sensitively  proud,  thin,  Castilian  face  with 
its  strained  mouth  and  brown,  childish,  wondering  eyes.  Those  eyes 
haunted  me  through  all  that  long  holiday  in  a  holiday  land.  I  some- 
times fancied  that  for  Concepcion  Barda  I  would  forego  heaven.  Strange 
dreams  drifted  through  my  brain — why  not  ?  Manuel  Barda  was  more 
than  dead  ;  she  spoke  of  him  as  we  learn  to  speak  of  the  dead — without 
desire,  with  infinite  quiet.  And  as  I  dreamed — for  I  was  young — there 
came  a  day  when  I  thought  that  she  read  my  secret  and  was  moved  by  it. 
Her  hand  trembled  in  mine,  her  eyes  fell   before  my  gaze,   her  fac? 


THE   GLORY   OF   THE    YUCCAS.  i7 

flushed — I  would  speak  at  last,  even  that  very  night !  Feverishly  I 
paced  the  terrace  in  the  afternoon  sun — an  object  of  inexplicable  inter- 
est to  the  rest  of  the  family,  for  now  one,  now  another,  came  to  the  low 
step  of  the  porch  and  stared — at  me  or  only  down  the  valley?  At  sun- 
set a  Mexican  came  riding  through  the  flowering  fields  and  up  the  road. 
Ysidro  met  him  at  the  porch  and  led  him  in.  Dinner  was  late  that  night. 
The  old  Setiora  di  1  not  appear — nor  Concepcion.  Ysidro  excused  him- 
self immediately  after  the  somewhat  silent  meal.  He  must  go  to  his 
mother,  he  said,  who  was  ill.  Ah,  that  explained  Concepcion's  absence  ! 
She  must  be  caring  for  her  mother-in-law  ;  she  would  come  out  pres- 
ently, under  the  stars  1  I  sought  the  friendly  terrace.  A  maid  stood  on 
the  steps  with  little  Manuelito  in  her  arms,  peering  into  the  night. 

"He  is  up  late."     I  said,  lightly  touching  his  cheek  as  I  passed. 

"Yes  Seiior,  the  Senora  has  not  come  to  put  him  to  bed,  and  she  lets 
no  one  else."  Her  voice  sank  to  a  whisper,  "  Ah,  Seiior,  they  may  say 
what  they  like,  but  I  know  well  enough  that  she  looked  for  Seiior 
Manuel  back  today.  Look  at  the  boy's  dress!  Fit  for  a  christening! 
And  he  has  never  seen  the  boy — but  he  sailed  without  good-bye,  is  it 
not  true  ?     I  overheard — ' ' 

"  I  know  nothing  about  it,"  I  replied,  turning  on  my  heel,  angry  with 
myself  for  having  listened  to  the  girl's  gossip.  Her  words  troubled  me. 
I  strode  through  the  darkness — anywhere,  to  be  alone.  The  paths  of 
the  upper  vineyard  wound  in  and  out  like  twisted  threads  ;  before  I  real- 
ized it,  I  had  come  almost  to  the  edge  of  the  sharply-descending  mesa. 
Something  besides  the  steep  declivity  barred  my  way.  A  woman  lay 
face  downward  on  the  earth,  her  arms  flung  hopelessly  above  her  head 
toward  the  south.  It  was  Concepcion.  I  knew  it  before  I  heard  her 
voice.  But  I  heard  her  voice.  "  Manuel !  Manuelito  !  Oh  my  hus- 
band !  "     I  stumbled  away,  blinded  by  revulsion  of  knowledge. 

*  *  *  "  Like  the  glory  of  the  yuccas  in  full  blossom  "  —  the 
smile  died  from  the  old  man's  lips,  leaving  only  the  fanatic,  the  saint, 
again — "  is  the  beauty  of  the  sacrificed  life." 

"  Whose  life,  Manuel  Barda  ?  "  I  thought — but  gently,  for  it  was  long 
ago,  very  long  ago.  And  perhaps  after  all — who  knows?  He  may  be 
right. 

Margaret  and  I  threaded  our  way  through  the  pilgrims  to  the  street. 
It  was  too  dark  to  see  the  pictures.  A  fine,  cold  rain  was  falling.  I 
raised  my  umbrella  above  her  head.  How  fresh  and  young  she  looked 
in  that  gray  weather  !  Yet  she  was  not  young,  it  was  only  the  faint, 
pink  color  bom  of  Atlantic  winds  that  made  her  seem  so.  She  would 
always  keep  that  color.  I  waited  for  her  to  button  her  waterproof 
about  her. 

"My  dear,"  she  said,  looking  up  from  the  last  button,  "you  never 
told  me  that  you  knew  Spanish." 

"  No  ?  "  I  drew  her  arm  in  mine  and  smiled  down  into  her  serious, 
gray  eyes.  "No?  But  now  that  I  come  to  think  of  it,  I  doubt  if  I 
ever  did." 


i8 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 

Fremont. 

BY   JOAQUIN    MILLER. 

Hero,  scholar,  cavalier, 

Bayard  of  thy  brave  new  land, 

Poppies  for  thy  bed  and  bier, 
Dreamful  poppies  foot  and  hand. 

Poppies  garmented  in  gold  ; 

Poppies  of  the  land  you  won — 
Love  and  gratitude  untold — 

Poppies — peace — the  setting  sun  ! 

The  Rights,  Oakland,  Nov.  '95. 


California. 

BY   GRACE   ELLERY   CHANNINC. 

Quick  birds  pour  out  the  exulting  strain 

The  sun  was  ne'er  so  bold  ; 
Spring  lays  a  green  upon  the  plain. 

And  summer  makes  it  gold  ; 
When  Barth  hath  all  it  can  contain. 

What  joy  more  can  Earth  hold  ? 


John  Charles  Fremont. 

BY   CHAS.    F.    LUMMIS. 

Pathfinder — and  Path-clincher  ! 

Who  blazed  the  way,  indeed. 
But  more — who  made  the  eternal  Fact 

whereto  a  path  had  need  ; 
Who,  while  our  Websters  set  at  nought 

the  thing  that  was  to  be, 
Whipped-out  our  halting,  half-way  map 

full  to  the  Other  Sea! 

'Twas  well  that  there  were  some  could  read 

the  logic  of  the  West ! 
A  Kansas-edged  geography, 

of  provinces  confessed, 
Became  potential  Union 

and  took  a  Nation's  span 
When  God  sent  Opportunity 

and  Benton  found  the  Man  ! 

I  Angales,  Not.  U.  i 


l& 


Our  Lady  of  Angels." 


BY  AUGUSTS   WBY. 


HE  oldest  church  in  Los  Angeles  (never  a  Mission 
but  only,  like  San  Bernardino,  a  chapel  of  the  Mis- 
sion San  Gabriel  Arcangel)  is  known  in  local  Ameri- 
can parlance  indiflferently  as  "The  Plaza  Church," 
"Our  Lady,"  "Our  Lady  of  Angels,"  "Church  of 
Our  Lady,"  "Church  of  the  Angels,"  "Father 
Liebana's  Church,"  and  "The  Adobe  Church."  It 
is  formally  the  church  of  Nuestra  Seiiora,  Reina  de 
los  Angeles  —  Our  Lady,  Queen  of  the  Angels;  from 
whom  Los  Angeles  gets  its  name. 
The  Plaza  of  Los  Angeles  holds  all  the  municipal  history  of  the  pue- 
blo compressed  within  a  parallelogram. 


i. 


mi 

^/^^  ^ 

» 

I  1 

k 

_<— — : .^r 

Herve  Kriend,  Kng. 


Photo,  by  Maude. 


..    £  PLAZA  CHURCH.' 

The  history  of  the  church*  or  iglesia  giving  upon  it  must  be  studied, 
to  be  understood  at  all,  in  connection  with  the  famous  old  guard-house 
which  once  defended  it ;  and  with  that  civilization  which  faced  upon  its 
other  three  sides  in  the  days  of  allegiance  to  Spain  ;  when,  as  Spanish  as 
the  corresponding  public  square  in  Guatemala  itself,  it  figured  always 
as  the  Maza  Real  or  Royal  Square. 

*  "  The  twelve  dcToat  Kpani^h  soidien  who  founded  the  oity,  named  it  at  their  leisure,  with  a  Ion(  name, 
Boaieal  aa  a  chine  o<  beUe/'— U.U. 


io 


LAND   OF  SUNSHINE 


Once  regarding  the  church  record  books,  its  bells,  its  pictures,  associa- 
tions, traditions  and  history  as  one  side  of  this  royal  parallelogram,  you 
have  material  not  to  be  duplicated  in  interest  even  in  California,  and 
comparable  only  to  the  similar  records,  associations  and  traditions  of  the 
northern  pueblo  of  San  Jose.  Our  study  of  all  these  has  been  given 
every  facility  by  clerical  courtesy  and  Spanish  introduction.  Approved 
by  Bishop  Mora  and  accredited  by  kind  letters  of  the  Vicar-General  of 
the  Diocese,  more  than  one  morning  has  found  us  deep  in  the  yellowing 
pages  which  contain  the  record  of  baptism  and  burial — Father  Louis 
Dye  (now  pastor  at  San  Luis  Obispo)  holding  the  book,  and  grave  young 


Herve  Friend,  Eng. 


INTERIOR  AND  ALTAR. 


Photo,  by  Maude. 


Judge  Benjamin  Hayes,  writing  avowedly  as  an  estrangero,  speaks  of  the  "  elegance,  kindness,  good 
sense  and  wit  all  happily  blended  "  in  the  Los  Angeles  ladies  of  1850,  who  knelt  "  in  vari-colored  silks  in  that 
venerable  pile  upon  the  Plaza,  which  then  had  no  pews."  He  compares  them  in  their  gay  rebosos  to  the  "  most 
gorgeous  and  charming  imaginable  garden  of  tulips  and  dahlias  of  every  hue."  (See  "An  Historical  Sketch  of 
Los  Angeles  County."    Part  II,  p.  40.) 

Father  Li^bana  corroborating  the  Spanish  of  Fray  Geronimo  Boscana,  or 
explaining  jts  local  diflferentiation  from  that  of  Spain. 

Some  disputed  point  is  suggested  in  the  illustration  where  one  such 
morning  is  recorded,  and  where  Bishop  Emigdio  in  his  original  picture 
frame  sits  enthroned  forever  in  his  "Diocese  of  Earthquakes,"  and  the 
old  bell  which  once  rang  the  Angelus  in  the  fallen  bell-tower  of  San 
Fernando,  rests  upon  the  corridor  floor  where  "  Don  Hidalgo  "  carefully 
placed  it  for  us. 


ilcr^*  tncnl.  tin  GRAVEYARD   AND    TOWER    OF   THE    h'LAZA    CHURCH.  I'lioto,  by  Maud*. 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


Union  Ene.  Co.  in    THE  OLD   BOOKS. 

A  page  from  the  pastorate  of  Fray  Geroniiiio  Boscano.     Kecord  concerning    '  a  leatlier-jacket  "  of 
the  company  of  Santa  Barbara. 

Our  meetings  on  these  mornings  took  place  always  in  this  inner  church 
corridor  giving  upon  the  patio,  with  its  old  date  palm,  its  flight  of  doves 
from  upper  windows,  its  growing  century  plants  and  still  blooming  orange 
trees,  making  both  corridor  and  patio  accessories  and  setting  for  such  a 
series  of  pictures  of  Spanish  genre  as  many  a  traveler  has  "crossed  a 
continent  to  see  "  and  gone  away  without  getting  a  glimpse  of.  Here 
we  have  deposited  feminine  gloves  upon  the  old  Indian-carved  bench, 
seated  upon  which  the  Franciscan  father  read  his  Mexican  Gaceta  or 
contemplated  the  women  in  procession  carrying  "Our  Lady"  around 
the  Plaza,  or  watched  the  bull-fight,  when  the  bull  came  in  on  the 
Camino  Real  on  the  north,  and,  if  victorious,  was  driven  out  upon  the 
south,  past  Dona  Ar- 
cadia's window,  by  all 
the  mounted  cavaliers 
who  made  the  fame  of 
'  'Our  Lady  of  Angels. ' ' 

In  this  corridor  still 
lingers  the  life  record- 
ed in  the  books.  Choir 
boys  and  acolytes 
range  themselves, 
lending  scarlet  to  the 
blue  sky  ;  Don  Hidalgo 
reads  his  Spanish 
paper  in  the  shade ; 
a  devout  Doiia  passes, 
carrying  the  mended 
church   lace  into   the 


Herve  Friend,  Eng. 


Photo,  by  Maude. 


THK  BENCH  AND  THE  BELL. 


''OUR    LADY   OF  ANCELS^ 


23 


sacristy.  In  May  come 
files  of  Spanish-eyed 
little  girls  addressing 
the  Virgin  in  a  hymn 
so  old  it  rests  you  and 
reconciles  you  to  this 
exciting  centun,-. 

Here  the  shadows 
fell  upon  us  at  our 
table,  through  a  cur- 
tain-awning wrought 
by  some  devout  em- 
broiderer as  a  votive 
offering  in  crimson 
and  yellow,  purple  and 
blue,  and  a  green  like 
that  of  the  plumes  of 
Montezuma  himself. 

That  the  black-robed 
secular  clergy  walk 
through  and  dominate 
all  this  color  in  a 
legitimate  succession 
to  the  gray  friars,  only 
adds  to  the  breadth  of 
historic  Upper  Califor- 
nia and  connects  it 
with  the  Lower  one. 
Nothing  could  be  more 
effective  than  the  "symphony  in  sable"  into  which  the  present  fathers 
often  group  themselves.  I  remember  one  special  morning  when  no  less 
than  five  of  the  clergy  in  black  bonete  and  the  solatia  girt  or  ungirt  with 


^•e  Friend,  Kiig. 

"our  lady, 


Photo.  I.y  Hertrana 
QUEEN  OF  THE  ANGELS." 


I.  A.  Bof.  Co. 


lUd«of  Uw 


/rtt    UtL    VALLE   ROiyAKY 
flnt  gold  discoTortd  in  the  St»to— smt  tb«  MiMion  of  San  Foraaado. 


24 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


the  silken  sash,  were  moving  up  or  down  or  seated  at  the  table  in  the 
discussion  of  Padre  Junipero  and  the  pronunciation  of  his  name ;  two 
sisters,  the  shadows  of  whose  rosaries  you  might  stoop  to  pick  up  from 
the  brea  pavement,  joined  us  softly  on  their  way  to  perform  some  errand 
of  mercy :  an  old  woman,  whose  black  skirt  and  shawl  always  come  oflf 
victorious  in  competition  with  Godet  pleats  and  Alsacian  bonnets,  stood 
picturesquely  under  the  palm  tree,  and  I  myself,  dressed  for  a  later 
engagement,  walked  in  the  corridor  wearing  a  **  secular  "  and  tailor-made 
costume  of  black  velvet,  and  representing,  as  the  privileged  cynic  of  our 
coterie  was  pleased  to  suggest,  "all  the  prosperity  of  the  American 
Occupation." 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


Photo,  by  Crandall. 


BISHOP  EMIGDIO,   ADVOCATE  AGAINST  EARTHQUAKES. 

From  this  patio  and  corridor  we  went,  on  one  October  morning,  through 
the  wicket  gate  into  the  Campo  Santo  to  hear  the  story  of  that  Avila  and 
Pacheco  who  killed  one  another  for  the  north  and  south,  and  were  buried 
together  in  this  churchyard  upon  the  same  day. 

Back  from  the  Campo  Santo,  and  out  of  its  memories  we  came  again, 
as  the  noon  bells  began  their  first  vibrations,  to  which  the  doves  always 
flutter  down  against  the  palm,  and,  stooping  under  the  gay  awning,  bade 
adios  to  Bishop  Emigdio,  still  upright  in  his  frame.  Ten  years  ago,  it  is 
said,  His  Grace  was  hanging  upon  the  Plaza  Church  wall  and  shared  with 
Our  Lady  entreaties  at  each  vibration  or  shock  of  the  dreaded  ''temblor,'' 


"OUR    LADY    OF  ANGELS."  25 

against  which  he  is  advocate.  Now  under  our  American  civilization, 
with  its  seven  stories  defying  both  earth  and  sky,  the  good  Bishop  is  as 
antiquated  as  the  temblor  seems  to  be,  and  is  associated  only  with  past 
adobes,  their  brea  or  tiled  roofs,  and  the  devout  Donas  who  trembled  in 
them.  This  episcopal  adios  finished,  we  read  aloud  once  more  the  list  of 
names  for  which  we  have  been  looking  in  the  records  of  the  church  : 
"  Alvarado,  Avila,  Yorba  and  Lugo,  preceded  by  Grijalva ;  "  then  that  of 
Donjos^  Sepulveda;  then  Tapia,  Ordas,  Arguello,  Verdugo  and  Domin- 
guez ;  last,  del  Valle,  forever  associated  with  the  Southern  and  first 
discovery  of  California  gold. 

We  pause  for  a  minute  over  the  opening  page  of  the  second  book  of 
baptisms,  written  by  Fray  Francisco  de  Jesus  Sanchez,  and  commencing 
with  the  strange  "viva"  which  we  might  assign  to  a  wedding  banquet, 
but  which  was  only  conventional  with  them  : 

Viva  Jesus  Maria  y  Joseph. 

There  is  a  blot  upon  the  letter  J,  but  we  forgive  it  because  it  is  Franciscan 
and  because  it  is  in  pomegranate  ink. 

Followed  to  the  outer  corridor  by  our  courteous  hosts,  we  step  out  into 
the  blossoming  chrysanthemum  garden  of  Padre  Bias  Raho,  and  then 
cross  over  to  enter  the  church  itself  on  our  way  to  the  street.  Here 
angels,  as  ministers  of  God,  are  suggested  ever>' where.  Bowed  angels 
guard  the  altar ;  frescoed  angels  recline  above  it.  Our  Lady  upon  the 
white  silk  banner  is  La  Reina  of  the  celestial  hierarchy.  For  the  rest, 
the  Church  of  the  Angels  is  paved  like  every  Mission  church  in  Cali- 
fornia, and  solemn  with  such  associations  as  make  one  involuntarily 
kneel. 

There  are  two  congregations  in  every  one  of  them,  present  together  at 
ever}'  lifting  of  the  chalice  or  opening  of  the  kyrie  eleison  during  mass. 
One,  seated  or  kneeling,  responds  audibly  to  the  priest  or  listens  to  the 
answering  choir.  The  other  is  the  congregation  of  the  dead  under  its 
feet.  The  last  two  recorded  burials  jvithin  these  walls  are  those  of  the 
young  wife  of  Nathaniel  M.  Yry^^  "buried  on  the  left  hand  side  facing 
the  altar,"  and  of  "Doiia  Eusjd^uia,"  mother  of  Don  Andres,  Don  Jesus 
and  Don  Pio  Pico,  all  a  pact^  the  permanent  history  of  the  pueblo  and 
the  State.  Later,  it  is^^i^,  this  honor  was  desired  for  Alfredo  Flores, 
infant  son  of  General* Jos^  Maria  Flores,  but  it  was  opposed  by  the 
Ayuntamiento  and  given  up. 

Once  through  the  church  portal  and  into  the  street,  after  a  morning 
like  this,  it  is  not  difiicult  to  understand  why  so  much  of  Spanish  Los 
Angeles  still  salutes  the  Church  of  Our  Lady  as  it  passes  through  the 
old  Plaza  Real. 


26 


Borrowed  from  the  Enemy. 


BY  CHAS.    F.    LUMMIS. 


HERE  are  no  more  interesting  nomads  than  words;  no 
others  which  can  so  go  gypsying  to  the  ends  of  the 
earth  and  homestead  there — yet  still  retain  residence 
in  their  birthplace.  And  among  these  wanderers 
from  mouth  to  mouth,  that  outlast  time  and  laugh 
at  space,  no  others  have  quite  such  romance  to  us  as 
those  we  have  adopted  from  Spain — and  mostly  from 
the  Spanish  pioneers  in  America.  We  have  never 
borrowed  as  many  words  from  any  other  contempo- 
rary language. 

It  is  astonishing  what  a  successful  invasion  of  English  has  been 
made  by  the  sons  of  those  who  failed  with  the  Armada.  With  the  ebb 
and  flow  of  frontiers  the  innumerable  driftwood  of  the  Castilian  tongue 
has  lodged,  here,  there,  everywhere.  And  where  it  once  came  it  was 
never  forgotten.  The  Iberian  had  an  almost  matchless  aptitude  at 
nomenclature — an  ear  not  only  for  music  of  the  tongue,  but  for  harmony 
of  meaning,  both  of  which  are  rather  lost  on  a  race  of  Smithvillains 
and  Jonesburrowers.  He  rather  overdid  the  saint  business,  perhaps — 
though  saints  may  be  as  good  godfathers  as  are  crossroads  auto- 
crats. But  aside  from  that,  his  names  were  all  melodious  and  the  rest 
of  them  almost  invariably  appropriate.  For  the  one  reason  or  the 
other,  they  have  stuck  like  burrs.  Two-thirds  of  the  geographical  names 
in  the  New  World  today  are  of  Spanish  derivation  ;  and  the  same  linguistic 
tracks  are  abundant  in  every  other  walk  of  American  life.  This  swart 
name-putter  has  penetrated  ubiquitously  and  intimately  the  speech  of 
his  traditional  foe.  You  will  hardly  turn  a  corner  in  our  dictionaries 
without  running  up  against  him.  Nothing  but  words — yet  it  gives  one 
a  little  thrill  to  find  all  across  the  deserts  where  they  left  their  bones,  in 
every  nook  of  the  unforseen  empires  that  have  grown  upon  their  dust, 
these  unobliterated  footprints  of  the  pioneers. 

If  any  word  might  off-hand  be  taken  for  straight  English — and  Cock- 
ney at  that — "  Picadilly  "  might.  But  "  Picadilly  "  is  no  Ivon doner,  nor 
even  a  Saxon.  It  came  straight  from  Spain  and  the  Spanish  participle 
picado  long  ago — when  a.  picadillo  (little  pierced)  collar  had  a  very  dif- 
ferent style  from  the  now  proverbial  one. 

And  what  word  could  be  more  flavorsome  of  our  South,  "  befo'  the 
wah,"  than  "  pickaninny?  "  But  it  is  not  a  native  of  our  cotton-belt — 
it  came  from  Cuba,  where  it  was  piquinini,  and  its  parents  were  the 
Spanish  pequefio  nifio,  (little  child).  Our  very  word  "negro"  is  a  direct 
transfer  from  the  Spanish  7iegro  (nay-gro,  black),  and  that  other  com- 
monest nickname  "Sambo"  is  from  the  Castilian  zambo  (bow-legged), 
a  mote  invented  for  the  African  before  there  was  an  English-speaking 
person  in  all  the  New  World. 

You  will  hardly  pick  from  the  New  York  gutter  a  more  typical  gamin 
word  than  "Dago" — but  here  again  the  street-Arab  is  debtor  to  the 


H«nr«  rriaad,  Kii(. 


SOUTHWESTERN   TYPES— AN  OLD  MESTIZO.  Pl»oto.  by  Ja».  L.  Suiith. 


20  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

true  Arab  heir,  for  "Dago"  is  only  an  ignorant  corruption  of  the  Spanish 
patron  saint  Diego  (dee-ky-go),  James. 

The  New  England  housewife  could  not  make  pumpkin  pie  without 
a  "  colander"  (which  she  calls  "cullinder"),  that  useful  strainer  whose 
holes  and  name  were  invented  long  before  Plymouth  Rock  —  the  Spanish 
colador.  And  so  far  as  that  goes,  what  Yankee  boy  stowing  away  some 
of  grandma's  cookies  with  joyous  munching  of  the  little  brown  seeds, 
dreams  that  "caraway"  originated  not  among  the  Granite  Hills  but  in 
Spain,  whose  alcarahueya  came  still  earlier  from  the  Moors  ?  Even  the 
"cloves"  in  the  sweet  pickle  are  only  Spanish  "nails"  {clavos)  ;  and  the 
old  farmer's  "almanac  "  gets  its  name  from  Arabia  through  Spain. 

The  missionary  about  to  tempt  the  South  Sea  Islanders  might  perhaps 
be  comforted  to  remember  that  "  cannibals  "  are  nothing  worse  than  a 
corruption  of  the  Spanish  Caribes  (cah-ree-bes)  or  Caribs.  The  spinster 
owes  both  her  canary  and  its  name  (if  she  will  trace  the  debt  back),  to  the 
Spaniards  —  though  with  them  canario  is  now  hardly  so  fond  a  term  as 
she  might  expect.  As  for  her  "porcelain,"  that  comes  the  same  way,  its 
original  h^ing  parcel  ana,  which  in  turn  is  from  puerco  (pig)  — the  porce- 
lain shell  having  a  shape-resemblance  to  a  porker's  back. 

The  "calabash"  which  once  made  water  from  the  old  well  taste  sweeter 
than  water  will  ever  taste  again,  is  another  loan  of  Spain,  its  derivation 
being  from  calabasa,  a  gourd.  But  it  has  lost  its  prettiest  romance  —  in 
all  Spanish- America  the  gift  of  las  calabasas  was  equivalent  to  "the  mit- 
ten." The  vagrant  clapped  into  the  "  calaboose  "  still  finds  the  connec- 
tion —  for  it  was  originally  calaboz.  The  merchant  prince  would  hardly 
be  an  heir-apparent  were  there  no  such  thing  as  "cotton" —  and  that  gets 
its  name  from  colon,  and  that  is  from  algodon,  with  its  Moorish  earmark. 
"Cottonade,"  even,  is  from  colonada. 

"Palaver"  was  a  politer  term  before  its  corruption  from  palabra, 
word  ;  and  "  savvy  "  did  not  smack  of  slang  when  it  was  plain  saber,  to 
know.  A  "pecadillo"  is  unchanged  in  form  and  meaning,  a  little  sin, 
the  diminutive  of  pecado.  The  Kentucky  "  duel  "  had  its  precedent  and 
name  from  the  Spanish  duelo  ;  and  Mosby  was  not  the  first  "  guerrilla  " 
—  a  little  war,  diminutive  of  guerra.  New  Orleans  may  not  care  a 
"  picayune,"  but  that  proverbial  coin  is  another  Spanish  tag — and  so 
were  those  unforgotten  pieces  of  our  childhood,  the  "  pistareen,"  "doub- 
loon "  and  ''real.''  Indeed,  the  "bit,"  "two-bits,"  "  four-bits,"  etc., 
which  so  perplex  the  tourist  in  the  West  are  derived  from  Spanish 
standards  though  they  have  lost  their  Spanish  name  ;  and  so  is  our 
Almighty  "Dollar." 

The  doctor  could  not  afford  to  lose  a  great  many  adopted  Spaniards 
from  his  lexicon — particularly  "quinine"  and  "cocaine."  Quinine 
(Spanish  quina)  was  discovered  by  the  countess  of  Chinchon,  then  vice- 
queen  of  Peru,  in  1631.  "  Cocaine  "  is  the  active  principal  of  coca,  that 
marvelous  plant  of  the  Andes  which  is  almost  board  and  lodging  to  the 
Serrano  Indians  of  Peru  and  Bolivia,  and  has  been  held  sacred  ty  them 
from  time  immemorial.  They  call  it  by  its  Quichua  name,  cuca,  whence 
the  Spanish  coca  which  we  have  adopted. 


BORROWED    FROM    THE   ENEMY.  29 

The  geographer  has  to  deal  not  only  with  tens  of  thousands  of  Span- 
ish proper  names,  but  with  a  great  many  generic  ones  as  well.  "  Savan- 
nah "  (from  savana,  a  sheet),  "sierra,"  "cordillera,"  "canon"  (can- 
y6hn,  literally  a  cannon  or  gun  barrel);  "canada,"  (can-y^h-da,  a 
narrow  valley  but  not  cliff-walled  like  a  caiion);  "mesa"  (m^y-sa)  a 
table  land  ;  "  pampa"  (from  the  Quichua  bamba)  one  of  the  lofty  plains 
of  South  America  ;  "  arroyo  "  (a  ravine);  "key  "  (like  the  Florida  Keys, 
derived  from  cayo)\  "lagoon  (from  laguna)\  "barranca,"  a  bluff ;  "llano" 
(ly£Lh-no,  a  desert  plain);  "  cienega  "  (see-en-nay-gah,  a  wet  meadow) — 
these  are  a  few  of  the  Spanish  words  he  must  have  at  his  tongue's  end. 
As  for  the  naturalist,  he  needs  a  vocabulary  of  several  thousand  Spanish 
words — mostly  adapted  from  the  Indian — to  cover  the  fauna  of  the 
Americas  ;  and  the  botanist  about  as  many  more  for  the  flora.  The 
ethnologist  is  similarly  indebted  for  the  great  majority  of  his  Indian 
tribe-names.  Apache,  Comanche,  Pueblo,  Navajo,  Yuma,  Papago,  Ute, 
Mescalero  and  hundreds  of  others  are  direct  from  the  Spanish. 

It  is  fascinating  to  trail  some  of  these  word-wanderings.  Four  hun- 
dred and  three  years  ago  Columbus  picked  up  a  little  word  in  the  An- 
tilles, and  put  it  in  the  mouth  of  Europe  ;  and  today  an  American  sum- 
mer would  be  lonely  without  it.  It  was  an  Indian  word  which  the 
Spaniards  represented  by  hamaca  (ah-mah-ca)  and  which  we  call  "ham- 
mock." The  word  "Indian"  itself  (in  the  sense  of  American 'aborig- 
ine) dates  from  the  same  time,  when  the  world  took  Columbus's  dis- 
covery to  be  part  of  India,  and  called  it  las  Indias  and  the  inhabitants 
Indios. 

The  proper  name  of  the  American  lion  today  is  "puma" — and  that  is 
an  Inca  word  that  Pizarro  found  in  the  Fifteen-thirties  among  the  Andes. 
The  animal  has  a  range  5,000  miles  long  ;  but  its  Peruvian'name  came  up 
to  the  Isthmus,  took  root  in  Mexico,  entered  Arizona  and  New  Mexico 
with  Coronado  himself  in  1540,  and  by  now  is  accepted  not  only  in  all 
Spanish  countries,  but  wherever  English  is  spoken.  "  Cougar,"  the 
next-best  single  name  for  the  animal,  is  from  the  cuguacuari  of  a  tribe 
in  Brazil.  "  Condor  "  has  a  similar  history.  It  is  the  Inca  word  cuntur 
from  cuno-Vuri,  snow-biter,  done  into  Spanish  and  broadcasted  over  the 
world.  "Cuye"  or  "cue,"  the  proper  name  of  the  miscalled  guinea- 
pig,  is  another  Peruvian  word.  "Jaguar,"  the  American  tiger,  was 
jaguara  (ha-gw^h-ra)  among  the  Indians  of  Brazil.  The  "manatee" 
or  river-cow  is  from  manati,  the  Spanish  form  of  another  Brazilian  word; 
"  macaw  "  is  from  tnacao',  and  "  margay,"  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of 
the  tiger-cats,  is  one  more  Spanish  importation  from  the  Amazon.  The 
greatest  of  snakes,  the  "  boa,"  was  named  by  the  Indians  of  the  Antilles. 
"Coati  "  (a  species  of  monkey),  "tapir"  (Spanish  tapiro)  are  also  from 
South  America.  "  Chinchilla "  is  a  pure  Spanish  name  for  the  fine- 
furred  little  beast  the  explorers  of  Peru  first  made  known  to  the  world  ; 
and  the  like  is  true  of  "armadillo  "  (the  little  armored  creature  ;  from 
artnado).  "  Vicuna  "  (vee-c6on-ya)  is  the  record  of  a  curious  misunder- 
standing. The  Aymara  name  of  this  most  beautifully  furred  animal  is 
huari ;  but  the  infinitive  of  their  verb  which  niean^  to  cry  like  a  A»flr/  ie 


30  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

hui-cuna.  Probably  the  first  Spaniards  who  heard  that  strange  sound 
asked  "what  is  that?"  and  mistook  the 'answer  "it  bleats,"  for  the 
name  of  the  animal. 

There  —  is  a  whole  lesson  in  etymology.  A  similar  blunder  is  proba- 
bly responsible  for  the  name  of  the  vicuiia's  bigger  cousin,  the  llama.  Its 
Aymara  name  is  car-hua ;  but  we  may  guess  that  the  conquistador's 
question  ''como  se  llama  ?  "  (  "  what  is  it  called  ?  "  )  was  merely  echoed 
by  the  Indian,  who  did  not  understand  a  word  of  this  new  tongue. 
"Ivlama?"  he  repeated  —  and  llama  it  has  been  ever  since.  A  great 
many  words  get  into  the  dictionaries  no  more  wisely.  It  is  said  that 
"  kangaroo  " — which  is  no  Australian  name  of  the  beast  —  arose  thus  : 
one  of  the  earliest  English  visitors  had  killed  a  marsupial  and  asked  a 
native  "  what  do  you  call  this  ?  "  The  native  ansswered  "  kan-gu-ru  "  — 
" I  do  not  understand." 

The  four  most  curious  animals  in  the  New  World  are  the  little  camels 
of  the  Andes  —  the  llama  (I'yah-ma)  vicuiia,  huanaco  and  alpaca.  The 
latter  name  —  familiar  to  every  woman,  though  few  that  speak  English 
ever  wore  a  thread  oi  genuine  alpaca  —  is  a  corruption  of  the  Inca  word 
pachu^  with  the  Moorish-Spanish  prefix  al. 

"  Coyote,"  as  I  have  before  explained  in  these  pages,  is  Spanish  from 
the  Aztec  coy  oil,  "Ocelot,"  the  Mexican  tiger-cat,  is  another  Aztec 
word,  originally  ocelotl.  So  is  "  Chinchonte,"  the  nickname  of  the 
mockingbird  —  which  was  first  discovered  by  the  conquistador es.  Its 
Nahuatl  name  was  cencontl.  Likewise  "tecolote"  (from  tecolotl),  the 
widespread  name  of  our  little  prairie  owl.  "  Cayman,"  the  proper  name 
of  the  alligator,  is  the  Spanish  form  of  the  Carib  name.  "Alligator," 
by  the  way,  is  a  very  funny  and  very  typical  instance  of  the  way  new 
words  come.  It  is  a  corruption  of  the  Spanish  el  lagarto  (the  lizard). 
Indeed,  the  unlettered  frontiersman  adds  more  to  our  dictionaries  than 
does  the  student.  A  similar  case  is  that  of  "  lariat," —  which  is  as  near 
as  an  ignorant  cowboy  came  to  the  Spanish  la  reata.  "  Lasso  "  is  a  like 
blunder  for  the  Spanish  lazo,  a  noose. 

"  Canoe  "  is  canoa,  a  word  the  conquistador  es  picked  up  in  Hayti  ;  as 
they  did  "  guano  "  (Quichua  huanu)"va.  Peru. 

"Jerky  "  or  "Jerked  meat"  is  another  Spanish  find,  in  fact  and  name 
—  the  latter  coming  from  the  Aymara  (Bolivia)  charqui.  "  Chocolate," 
[choco-lah-te)  the  conquistadores  gave  us  from  the  Lake  of  Mexico.  Its 
derivation  is  from  the  Aztec  words,  choco  {cacao,  the  proper  name  for  the 
chocolate  nut)  and  latl  (water).  "  Cocoa  "  also  comes  from  cacao.  "Po- 
tato "  is  from  patata,  the  name  given  by  the  Spaniards  to  that  now  uni- 
versal tuber  which  they  discovered  in  Ecuador  a  generation  before  Sir 
Walter  Raleigh  was  born.  Even  more  important,  they  were  the  first 
Europeans  to  discover  what  we  call  corn  (in  Europe  "  corn"  without  the 
prefix  "  Indian,"  means  wheat,  barley,  oats,  etc.)  ;  and  the  proper  name, 
"maize,"  comes  from  mahiz,  a  word  they  learned,  with  the  grain,  from 
one  of  the  tribes  of  the  West  Indies. 

[CoNCLUDEP  TX  THE   JanUARV   NumBEK.] 


31 


The  Pelican  Flower. 

BY  BDMUND    D.    STURTEVANT. 

^g^^HE  passionate  lover  of  flowers  is  most  commonly  attracted  by 
^^1  their  varied  and  beautiful  color,  their  grace  of  form  or  delicious 
^  fragrance.  But  often  new  treasures  of  plant  life  are  discovered, 
producing  such  strange  and  grotesque  resemblances  to  animate  nature 
or  human  handiwork,  as  at  once  to  excite  the  admiration  and  wonder  of 
those  who  are  ordinarily  indifferent.  In  the  orchid  family  we  have  the 
Lady-slipper,  the  Dove-plant  {el  Espiritu  Santo)  which  has  in  the  center 
of  the  flower  a  nearly  perfect  imitation  of  a  dove  with  outstretched  wings, 
and  the  Butterfly-plant,  whose  blossoms  resemble  a  butterfly  both  in 
form  and  color.  Many  other  imitations  of  insects  are  found  in  this 
family.  But  some  of  the  most  astonishing  and  wonderful  flowers  in  the 
known  world  are  found  in  a  genus  of  climbing  plants  named  Aristolochia. 
One  of  them,    A.  sipho,  is  a  native  of  the  Allegheny  mountain  region. 


Herve  Friend,  Kng.  BUD  OF  THE  PELICAN   PLANT. 

It  is  in  cultivation  in  Kastern  gardens,  and  is  called  the  "Dutchman's 
Pipe,"  on  account  of  the  shape  of  the  dull-brown  flowers.  The  majority 
of  the  species  are  natives  of  tropical  countries.  A.  ornithocepalus  "has 
flowers  with  the  head  of  a  hawk,  and  the  beak  of  a  heron,  with  the 
wattles  of  a  Spanish  fowl."  A.  ridicula  has  flowers  resembling  the  face 
of  a  monkey;  and  in  A.  cymbifera  they  are  boat-shaped.  A  few  years 
ago  a  friend  presented  the  writer  with  a  plant  which  he  had  brought 
from  a  garden  in  the  West  Indies,  where  it  was  called  the  Duck  Plant  or 
Pelican  Flower,  It  was  placed  in  a  warm  greenhouse  in  our  Eastern 
garden,  where  in  a  few  months  it  made  a  growth  of  twenty  feet.  At  first 
sight  the  plant  reminds  one  of  a  large  morning-glory  vine  ;  the  leaves 
being  heart-shaped  and  sometimes  a  foot  long.  The  flower  buds  in 
diflerent  stages  of  growth  hanging  pendant  on  long  stems,  form  certainly 
one  of  the  most  remarkable  sights  in  the  vegetable  world,  and  cannot 
fail  to  wring  exclamations  of  wonder  from  persons  seeing  them  for  the 
first  time. 
The    resemblance    to    the    form  of   a    duck   or    a  pelican    is    very 


32 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


close ;  the  head,  bill,  neck  and 
body  being  plainly  outlined. 
The  fully  developed  bud  meas- 
ures fifteen  to  eighteen  inches 
in  length  and  is  as  large  as  a 
good-sized  duck.  This  is  ex- 
clusive of  a  long  tail-like  ap- 
pendage attached  to  the  lower 
end  of  the  corolla.  The  open 
flower  is  one  of  the  largest  in 
the  world.  One  fully  expanded 
measured  twelve  by  eighteen 
inches,  with  forty-two  inches  of 
tail  —  making  the  total  length 
five  feet.  At  the  time  the  bud 
opens,  the  tail  assumes  a  spiral 
form,  and  appears  to  be  intended 
as  a  ladder  for  the  use  of  insects 
seeking  to  reach  the  flower  to 
assist  in  its  fertilization.  The 
color  is  a  light  cream,  spotted 
and  marbled  with  deep  claret  or 
wine  color.  The  center  of  the 
flower  appears  like  purple  vel- 
vet ;  the  inside  of  the  throat 
being  lined  with  hairs  turned 
downward  —  intended  appar- 
ently to  prevent  the  return  of 
the  insects  caught  within.  The 
open  flower  unfortunately  emits 
Herverriend.Eng.  ^   ^^^^^   and   vcry    disagreeable 

BACK  OF  OPEN  BLOSSOM.  odor,  but  this  is  not  perceptible 

before  it  expands,  and  may  easily  be  counteracted  by  growing  in  the 
vicinity  such  powerfully  fragrant  flowers  as  Hedychiums,  Stephanotis  or 
Schubertias.  Though  a  garden  plant  in  the  West  Indies,  its  home  is 
supposed  to  be  Guatemala.  There  being  some  doubt  as  to  its  correct 
scientific  name,  plants  were  sent  to  the  Royal  Gardens,  at  Kew,  England, 
for  identification.  The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  letter  written  to 
Garden  and  Forest  by  Mr.  W.  Watson,  the  superintendent  of  Kew  Gar- 
dens : 

"  The  plant  was  obtained  from  Mr.  Sturtevant,  and  has  been  the  great  attraction 
here  this  summer,  having  produced  altogether  about  fifty  flowers.  The  largest 
measured  eighteen  by  twenty-two  inches,  with  a  tail  three  feet  long.  It  appears  that 
Lindley  figured  and  described  Aristolochia  gigas  in  the  Botanical  Register  in  1842,  but 
the  plant  was  afterward  lost  to  cultivation.  .  .  .  But  this  form  of  it  for  which  we  are 
indebted  to  Mr.  Sturtevant  is  so  very  much  larger  than  the  first  introduced  that,  for 
horticultural  purposes  at  any  rate,  it  ought  to  have  a  distinctive  name.  We  propose 
therefore  to  call  it  Aristolochia  gigas  Siurtevantii." 

In  a  single  day  in  August,  1894,  t^n  thousand  people  visited  the  con- 


ii...  .e  Pritnd.  Eng. 


THE  OPEN  BLOSSOM  OF  THE  PELICAN   PLANT. 
12   inobM  wide,  IS  inches  long  —  betide*  the  tendril,  which  is  42  inches  long. 


34 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE 


servatory  in  Washington  Park,  Chicago,  to  see  this  wonderful  plant  in 
bloom.  Several  very  interesting  tropical  species  of  Aristolochia  are 
successfully  cultivated  in  Southern  California.  The  Duck  Plant  has  not 
yet  been  flowered  here,  but  its  hardiness  has  been  fairly  proved  by 
growing  it  in  a  sheltered  position  and  partial  shade.  It  is  quite  probable 
that  it  will  prove  as  hardy  and  amenable  to  culture  in  the  open  air  here 
as  the  species  already  in  cultivation.  In  the  not  distant  future  we  hope 
to  be  rewarded  with  blossoms  produced  on  California  soil. 

Cahuenga  Foot-hills. 


BORGLUM  AND   HiS   WORK. 

MATTER  of  nine  years  ago, 
when  Los  Angeles  was  a 
country  town  just  emerging 
from  adobehood,  the  writer  found  a 
green,  earnest,  serious  lad  of  twenty, 
belaboring  canvas  in  a  bare  room  on 
what  was  then  Fort  street.  He  had 
no  money  and  not  many  friends.  The 
paintings  he  was  at  had  many  short- 
comings, and  showed  lack  of  art 
education ;  yet  there  was  in  them  a 
creative  breadth  which  promised  to 
make  him  heard  from.  And  he  has 
been. 

John  Gutzon  Borglum  was  born  in 
1867.     His  ancestors  were  French  (La 
Mothe)  but  settled  in  Denmark  prior  to  T530;    and  one  of  the  line,  a 


JOHN    GUTZON    BORGLUM. 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


MORT  DU  CHEF. 


•loliii  Gutzon  Borglum. 


BORGLUM    AND    HIS    WORK. 


35 


Catholic  Bishop,  was  given  the  great  estate  of  Borglum.  Later  he  joined 
Luther's  Reformation  and  married ;  and  several  of  his  descendants  have 
been  prominent  in  art,  diplomacy  and  letters.  Two  generations  back 
the  family  name  was  shortened  (in  this  country)  from  La  Mothe  de 
Borglum  to  plain  Borglum. 

Young  John  G.  was  born  in  the  West,  and  is  Western  in  every  fibre. 
He  was  educated  in  a  Jesuit  college,  where  he  got  his  first  taste  of  love 
for  great  art.  Soon  after  graduation  he  came  to  Los  Angeles,  and  pres- 
ently began  the  long,  hard  struggle  of  an  unbefriended  artist. 

By  and  for  himself  he  hewed  his  way,  by  sheer  dint  of  pluck  and 


Collier,  Kng. 


MEDALLION  OF    FATHER"  THROOP. 
Oonyright  ]H'.>:,  by  J.  (;,  Bort'liini. 


John  Ontzon  Rorgluiii. 


brains.  At  last  his  pictures  attracted  the  attention  of  one  of  the  few 
connoisseurs  then  here.  A  couple  were  sold  to  Easterners  at  good 
prices ;  and  in  1890  Borglum  started  Hast  with  a  collection  of  nearly 
forty  paintings.  Where  the  art  market  is  a  little  better  advanced,  these 
sold  quickly  and  well ;  and  the  young  man  and  his  wife  (for  he  had 
married  the  year  before)  went  to  Paris.  Here  his  success  was  unmis- 
takable, not  only  with  artists  but  with  buyers.  He  studied  under  some 
of  the  best  French  masters ;  and,  repelled  by  the  flippant  coloring  of 
general  French  painting  and  its  eternal  feminine,  turned  very  earnestly 


.  a 

Qj  05 

CQ  a. 

S  I 

O  a 


HEREDITY.  37 

to  sculpture,  under  Simling,  the  great  Norwegian.  In  the  Salon  of  189 1 
'RorgXnm' s  Mort  du  C//^ attracted  much  attention  ;  as  did  his  Scouis  in 
that  of  1892.  Both  were  sculptures  of  Western  topic  and  strength.  In 
the  latter  Salon  he  had  also  a  noteworthy  painting  called  Clouds. 
In  1891  he  was  made  an  associate  of  the  Societe  Nationale  des  Beaux 
Arts,  of  France.  In  1892  he  traveled  in  Spain  and  made  important 
studies,  which  finally  led  him  to  begin  a  heroic  painting  of  that  most 
romantic  episode  in  all  the  history  of  the  Americas,  the  Noche  Triste. 
This  great  picture  of  that  grey  dawn  on  the  broken  causeway  of  Mexico, 
with  the  soldiers  of  Cortez  floundering  across  the  gap  beset  by  the  Aztec 
wolves,  is  not  yet  finished  ;  but  it  stands  far  enough  to  show  composition 
that  may  properly  be  termed  great,  and  treatment  of  a  very  uncommon 
order. 

Mr.  Borglum  has  not  only  the  grasp  but  the  seriousness  of  large  art ; 
and  the  atmosphere  of  Eastern  centers  did  not  please  him.  Upon  his 
return  from  Europe  he  came  back  to  his  beloved  California,  where  the 
horizons  are  wider  if  the  market  is  not  so  brisk.  He  goes  East  to  execute 
important  orders,  but  can  find  no  other  place  so  good  to  live  in  or  to 
paint  in  as  California.  He  has  a  charming  little  home  in  Sierra  Madre, 
and  there  "sticks  to  his  knitting,"  well  content  with  the  wrinkled 
mountains,  the  matchless  sky  and  \.\i^  genre  of  his  environment. 

Borglum's  treatment  of  the  horse  and  dog,  both  in  painting  and 
sculpture,  finds  few  rivals.  His  bust  of  Mrs.  Fremont  and  medallion  of 
"Father"  Throop  (founder  of  the  Throop  Polytechnic  Institute,  Pasa- 
dena) are  full  of  the  strength  of  Rodin,  who  greatly  influenced  him,  but 
with  earnestness  and  insight  of  his  own.  Short  of  Thos.  Hill,  there  is 
no  one  in  California  who  can  paint  these  transparent  skies  as  Borglum 
does ;  and  his  landscapes,  admirable  throughout,  perhaps  owe  their 
greatest  charm  to  the  heaven  he  bends  over  them.  The  original  of  On 
the  Border  is  an  extraordinary  success  in  the  bluish  twilight  which  he 
has  chosen  for  its  atmosphere.  Just  now,  for  the  first  time,  he  is  making 
conquest  of  the  Missions,  and  we  are  likely  to  see  something  really 
worth  while  from  those  much-daubed  but  noble  piles. 

With  this  enviable  record  at  29  —  and  with  the  still  more  enviable 
power  of  growth  which  he  manifests  in  every  year's  work  —  we  shall 
have  a  right  to  be  disappointed  if  Mr.  Borglum  does  not  make  himself 
an  enduring  place  among  the  very  first  of  Western  artists. 


Heredity. 


BY    JULIA    BOVNTON    GREEN. 


This  virgin  soil,  when  first  the  plow  doth  wound, 

Blazes  with  sunflowers  ;  leagues  on  leagues  of  gold. 
Small  wonder,  sooth,  when  countless  cycles  round 

Her  royal  lord  hath  wrapped  this  land  from  cold. 
Loved  her  and  cherished  her  so  tenderly 

With  all  a  husband's  faith,  a  lover's  fire  — 
Small  wonder  then  if  her  firstborn  should  be 

A  perfect  little  image  of  its  sire. 

▲iiC«l«a- 


38 


Some  Coahuia  Songs  and  Dances. 


M\ 


BY    DAVID    P.     BARROWS. 

first  acquaintance  with  the  Coahuia  Indians  was  made  in  the 
summer  of  1891  at  the  feast  of  San  Luis  in  the  Coahuia  valley. 
The  huge  brush  ramada  or  feast-booth  in  the  center  of  the 
reservation  was  crowded  with  visitors,  and  bunches  of  grazing  ponies  of 
the  strangers  covered  the  valley.  The  great  open  court  within  the 
ramada  was  lined  with  monte   banks.     Open  fires  blazed   at    night  as 

parties  of  gamblers  gathered 
for  the  savage  game  oi peon. 
Bands  of  old  warriors  danced 
again  to  the  wailing  song  of 
the  women. 

It  was  a  strange  experi- 
ence, on  one  of  those  clear, 
cold  nights,  to  stand  outside 
the  ramada  and  watch  the 
lights  from  the  court  gleam 
above  and  through  the  huge, 
dark  shape  ;  to  hear  the  wild 
bark  of  the  /><?c;? -player  an- 
swered by  the  coyote  from 
the  mountain  side ;  to  see 
the  little  black  jacales  of  the 
Indians  outlined  on  the  hill 
top  against  the  sky,  or  watch 
dark  masses  of  restless  ponies 
move  across  the  plain.  It  is 
then  that  strains  of  wild 
music  fill  us  with  thrills  of 
purely  natural  pleasure,  and 
that  the  uncivilized  in  us 
awakes.  It  was  at  such 
times  as  these  that  I  learned 
to  love  the  Coahuia  music 
and  to  sympathize  with  the 
fierce  joy  of  the  dance. 

There  is  not  space  here  to 
describe  the  game  of  peon. 
It  is  played  by  eight  men, 
four  on  a  side,  with  a  bright 
fire  between  them.  Such 
is  its  varying  fortune  that 
it  may  last  for  hours.  I 
remember  once  watching 
through  a  game,  when,  as 
union  Eug.  CO.      a  CO  AHv  I A  DANCER.  ^^1^    finally  defeated  partic- 

Illustrated  from  photos,  by  the  author.  •'  ^ 


SOME    COAHUIA    SONGS    AND    DANCES. 


Union  big.JSo. 


THE   EAGLE  DANCE. 


ipants  wrapped  their  blankets  around  them  and  turned  their  backs  to  the 
fire,  the  eastern  sky  was  reddening  behind  Torres  mountain  and  it  was 
four  o'clock  in  the  morning.  The  game  throughout  is  filled  with  intense 
excitement,  and  the  pent-up  feeling  of  the  players  breaks  out  in  strange 
barking  sounds,  made  by  forcing  the  air  from  the  lungs  in  quick,  suc- 
cessive cries.  At  a  little  distance  it  sounds  like  the  baying  of  hard-run 
hounds.  At  certain  parts  of  the  game  the  players  sing  their  peon  songs, 
which  are  sustained  throughout  by  the  crowd  of  old  men  and  women  in 
the  outer  circles  about  the  fire. 

The  following  is  a  peon  song  known  as  "  A-tro-yo-trio."    The  syllables 
of  this  song  are  meaningless.* 


&^(^^^..±^^ 


tro-yo    tri-o,     A 


tro-yo    tri-o, 


\,     A  -  tro-yotri-« 


tro-yo-tri-o 


One  of  the  fiercest  games  of  peon  I  ever  saw  played  was  at  a  summer 
feast  at  Coahuia  in  1892.  It  was  a  time  of  great  rivalry  between  hosts 
and  visitors.  The  spirit  of  the  mountain  Indians  had  broken  out 
repeatedly  in  boasts  about  "the  Coahuia  valley."      This  peon  game  was 


*  I  km  indebted  to  Prof.  John  Comfort  rillmore,  of  Pomona  OoUec*,  the  able  authority  on  primitirc  mualc 
for  tb*  harmonixinc  of  the««  tongt. 


40 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


played  by  four  Coahuias  against  four  Dieguefio  Indians  from  Mesa  Grande. 
The  following  on  this  occasion  was  the  peon  song  of  the  Coahuias.  It 
was  sung  with  bravado  and  defiance.     It  won  them  the  game. 


He  •  yo    Co  -  ya  -  wi  -  a    To  •  ya  -  ma  -  la  ma  -  la    ne  -  he  -  we  -  ya  -     .we — 

Among  the  most  interesting  dances  of  thdfee  Indians  are  the  "bird 
dances."  With  neighboring  tribes  these  dances  are  known  as  the  "  Coa- 
huia  dances,"  and  the  Diegueiios  who  have  learned  to  perform  them 
(with  that  Indian  honesty  that  never  plagiarizes)  always  attribute  them 
to  their  originators.  Among  the  Coahuias  certain  birds,  together  with 
the  coyote,  hold  special  preeminence  and  are  even  revered.  The  eagle 
is  especially  sacred,  and  his  dance  is  a  most  interesting  performance. 

The  dancer  is  stripped  naked  save  for  his  breech  clout ;  his  face,  limbs 
and  body  are  painted  in  white  or  black  and  red  designs,  his  waist  is  girt 
with  a  skirt  of  rich  eagle  feathers  and  his  head  is  adorned  with  an  eagle 
feather  bonnet. 

He  then  dances  and  whirls  in  imitation  of  the  powerful  circlings  and 
swoops  of  the  as-wit  or  eagle.  The  best  dancer  among  the  Coahuias, 
old  Silvestre,  used  to  pass  half  a  dozen  times  around  the  wide  dance 
circle  made  by  the  spectators,  whirling  so  swiftly  that  the  feather  skirt 
stood  out  straight  beneath  his  arms.  The  words  of  the  Pu-ni-at,  as  this 
dance  is  called,  are  archaic  and  the  music  is  very  old  and  almost  forgotten. 
The  last  time  I  heard  it  sung  the  old  medicine  man,  who  knew  it  well 
and  loved  it,  had  just  died.  And  the  singing  of  the  younger  men  did 
not  at  all  suit  Silvestre,  Again  and  again  they  would  begin,  only  to  stop 
quickly  as  the  particular  old  performer  would  return  and  correct  the 
singing  and  start  them  off  on  another  attempt.  The  loss  of  his  old 
accompanist  was  clearly  irreparable. 

One  of  the  prettiest  of  ceremonial  songs  is  "  Momo-mo-no-wo,'''  a  song 
to  the  ocean.  The  Coahuias  still  profess  a  reverence  for  the  sea  that 
suggests  the  ocean  worship  of  the  Zuiii.  "  The  ocean  is  way  over  there," 
the  song  affirms,  *'  far,  far  off  from  us." 


h"-  ^  rM 

FT^ 

1^ 

^^ 

' — 1 — r 

-f — 

*==fq 

— d — r- 

-J J : 

iitf 

-^J — W- 

it; 

— #.. 

hff.'r  r 

-■ F — : 

-f —  ■ — 

F=H 

F=H 

—»        p       ^ 

r  •  r  ■! 

^  ^'  !•  1- — ' 

4—+—* 

HH^ 

k 1 

4-+- 

^t-  "L 

r 

-Vt^ 

Pa  -  ra  -  hai  -  bi  •  ta. 


Wit  Ai-a-ko  is  a  song  of  praise  to  the  great  spirit.      Ai-d-ko  is   an 
archaic  form  of  the  word  Am-na  or  god.     Roughly  translated  the  words 


SOME   COAHUIA    SONGS   AND    DANCES. 


41 


mean  "  Amna,  Great  Chief.  He  is  in  heaven.  He  will  come  back  some 
day."  Just  what  religious  conceptions  these  words  imply  I  cannot  here 
state.* 


Songs  play  a  large  part  in  the  life  of  the  Coahuia  Indians.  There  are 
war  songs,  gambling  songs,  songs  for  ceremonial  dances,  songs  for  the 
women,  songs  for  the  dying  and  the  dead .  And  frequently  it  is  a  common 
thing  to  hear  the  high,  piping  voice  of  some  little  child  singing  away  as 
she  plays,  all  unmindful  of  her  surroundings, 

I  will  close  with  the  death  song  of  my  old  friend,  Jos^  Maria.  One  of 
the  last  times  I  visited  him,  as  we  sat  together  in  the  sunny  \\tt\^  paiio 
before  his  jacal,  I  asked  him  for  a  song.  He  reached  out  his  hand  and 
groped  feebly  for  mine,  for  Jose  Maria  is  blind  and  near  to  his  end,  and 
thus  he  sang  me  his  death  song,  Ne-su7i-ha-he-wi-wi.  "My  heart  is 
leaping  within  me.  My  body  is  burning.  I  am  low  with  sickness. 
Perhaps,  now  I  am  dying." 


'^SMX.£f>y 


The  music  it  will  be  observed  is  very  near  to  the  primitive  song.  Just 
a  single  chord  sung  feelingly  over  and  over.  And  yet  even  now  I  cannot 
sing  those  words  without  being  affected  anew  by  the  remembrance  of  old 
Jos^  Maria,  weak  and  blind,  but  chanting  his  death  song  with  a  calm 
courage  that  goes  with  him  into  the  Unknown. 


Pomon»  College. 


•  aeftrly  derived  from  Chri»ti»n  lonre 
ever  dreamed  of  «  divine  advent.— Ed. 


-the  teacbinga  of  the  padre*.    No  Indian  before  tbe  miMionaries 


This  tribe  name  is  numerously  misspelled— Cowiller.  Cohahuilla,  Coahuila,  Kaweah, 
Cohuilla.  etc.— on  an  ignorant  idea  that  the  "y  "  sound  is  represented  in  Spanish  by 
11.  The  word  is  pronounced  nearly  "  Co-a-w^e-a,"  and  should  be  written  as  it  is  in 
this  article,  unless  one  wishes  to  give  the  full  Indian  sound,  which  is  nearer  Co-ya- 
hui-a.— Ed. 


42 

Bits  of  a  California  Christmas. 


BY   BSTBLLB   THOMSON. 


O  many  months  earth  had  waited  for  rain.     Then  the  gentle  and 
almost  silent  showers  fell  ;  and  lo  !  marvels  began. 

I  went  out  across  a  mesa  and  down  a  pathless  sidehill  in  the 
sun.  Only  lately  all  was  brown  and  parched,  apparently  lifeless.  Now, 
standing  on  the  same  bank  where  I  had  felt  desolation  and  dust  and 
heard  the  sapless  grasses  crack,  it  was  easy  to  believe  in  the  resurrection  ; 
for  suddenly  that  sod  was  bursting  with  life  and  gay  with  bloom. 

I  came  upon  a  disused  road-bed  ;  and  in  its  middle  a  man's  foot-track 
was  set.  It  had  been  made  while  rain  was  falling ;  deep,  ridgy  creases 
showed.  That  was  three  days  ago  ;  and  today  the  track  was  filled  with 
tops  of  spirey  things  pushing  upward — growing  things,  rich  with  earthy 
smells. 

I  passed  under  a  telegraph  line,  and  the  humming  of  the  strings  was 
so  strong  that  I  stopped  to  listen.     I  never  have  heard  lovelier  strains. 

Once  a  bluebird  flashed  by.  How  keen  the  blue  of  its  wings  !  As  if 
they,  too,  had  been  washed  and  were  shining.  Some  brown  sparrows 
rose  from  a  knoll  and  strung  themselves  along  the  wire  overhead,  with 
many  flirts  and  preenings  because  I  had  disturbed  them.  I  am  confident 
they  were  the  same  birds  I  heard  quarreling  saucily  one  night  about 
bed-chambers.  During  the  height  of  the  storm  scores  of  the  fluttering 
creatures  came  up  to  my  window  with  a  sudden  dash,  as  if  a  strong  gust 
was  hurling  dead  leaves,  and  beat  at  the  panes.  They  plainly  were  un- 
used to  showers,  and  were  searching  for  shelter.  They  drifted  aimlessly 
for  a  time  ;  and  then,  just  at  dusk,  they  all  gathered  into  a  solemn  group 
on  the  top  of  a  cypress  hedge,  and  evidently  discussed  the  situation.  At 
last,  as  darkness  settled  and  I  was  fearing  that  I  never  should  know  the 
result  of  their  deliberations,  the  conference  broke  up  and  the  little  con- 
ferees went  pouring  pell-mell  into  the  densest  part  of  an  olive  tree,  set- 
tling themselves  like  brown  burs  among  the  boughs.  For  a  short  time 
there  was  crowding  and  scolding  and  one  hapless  fellow  tumbled  out  and 
had  to  try  the  scramble  over,  and  chirped  peevishly  ;  then  all  was  quiet 
— and  birddom  slept. 

One  Christmas  day  I  attended  my  first  "cocoanut"  party  upon  the 
wild  land. 

The  earth  was  mellow,  with  scarcely  an  inch  of  surface  that  was  not 
soft  with  young  alfileria.  As  I  crossed  over  a  hill  I  came  upon  a  little 
forest  of  saxifrage,  every  modest  flower  of  hundreds  with  its  fine  white 
face  directly  towards  me.  "  Wild  cocoanut,"  the  children  call  the  deli- 
cate tuber  that  burrows  under  ground  ;  and  they  pronounce  it  delicious 
eating.     In  taste  it  is  like  the  sweetest  almond. 

There  were  a  dozen  busy  children  grouped  on  the  hot  bank  ;  bare- 
headed, barelegged,  sunbrowned  ;  with  fingers,  pocket-knives,  hatchets 
and  trowels  prodding  the  moist  space  over.  They  asked  me  to  join 
them  ;  and  one  shy  tot  with  eyes  like  the  sky  and  a  mouth  like  a  rose, 
in  a  blue  cotton  gown,  with  no  extra  length  for  elbows  and  knees, 
held  up  a  bag  in  her  baby  hand  and  offered  me  "  nuts." 

My  walk  had  delayed  me,  and  that  fresh  air  was  a  keen  reminder  of 
need  for  a  meal.  So  with  blissful  disregard  for  grime  and  with  hearty 
relish  I  ate  such  food  as  the  gods  provided — although  I  knew  full  well 
that  every  crisp  bulb  had  the  stain  and  stickiness  of  wet  earth  upon  it. 
And  afterward,  borrowing  a  pocket-knife,  I  too  went  down  upon  my 
knees  and  fell  to  **  digging  cocoanuts." 


43 


A  NEW 

CRUSADE. 


Nothing  else  iu  life  makes  it  so  livable  as  our  fixed  ability  to 
despise  our  betters.  But  there  is  such  a  thing  as  being  too 
comfortable.  Southern  California  is  rich  not  alone  in  fruits  and  flowers, 
in  beauty  and  money,  and  an  enterprise  paralleled  by  nothing  in 
America  short  of  Chicago.  It  owns  also  that  much  rarer  heritage  in 
America,  a  Past  of  history  and  romance. 

Many  people  come  here  for  climate  —  and  thank  all  the  gods  at  once, 
our  skies  do  not  have  to  ask  permission  of  our  intelligence  or  our  fore- 
thought. If  they  did,  the  railroads  would  soon  need  to  run  longer  trains 
eastward.  Nobody  comes  here  to  see  us  grow ;  that  process  is  rather  a 
looking-glass,  whereof  we  are  fond  and  others  tolerant.  But  of  those 
who  come  merely  to  see  California,  a  vast  proportion  are  attracted  by  our 
Romance. 

To  argue  for  the  preservation  of  the  Missions  from  the  point  of  view 
of  their  intellectual  and  artistic  value  is  needless  here.  The  majority  of 
the  readers  of  this  magazine,  I  believe  —  or  I  would  not  be  editing  it  — 
will  need  no  more  appeal  than  the  facts.  Their  minds  and  hearts  are 
competent  to  take  care  of  themselves.  To  another  class  it  is  enough  to 
recall  the  material  truth  that  the  Missions  are,  next  to  our  climate  and 
its  consequences,  the  best  capital  Southern  California  has. 

There  are  in  this  State  twenty-one  of  the  old  Spanish  Missions  ;  besides 
their  several  branch  chapels.  Seven  missions  and  a  few  chapels  are  in 
Southern  California ;  and  these  are  not  only  the  oldest  but  historically 
and  architecturally  the  most  interiesting.  A  few  are  re-occupied  and 
utilized  for  places  of  worship.  The  others  have  been  of  necessity 
practically  abandoned  since  the  secularization.  They  are  not  vital  to  the 
Catholic  church,  now  ;  but  they  are  everything  to  us,  whether  we  have 
souls  or — pockets.  They  are  all  falling  to  decay  ;  partly  by  age,  partly 
through  vandalism  and  neglect.  When  the  roof  goes,  our  swift  winter 
rains  do  the  rest.  In  ten  years  from  now  —  unless  our  intelligence  shall 
awaken  at  once  —  there  will  remain  of  these  noble  piles  nothing  but  a 
few  indeterminable  heaps  of  adobe. 

Now  there  is  not  in  the  civilized  world  another  country  so  barbarous 
that  this  would  be  permitted.  In  poor  old  Spain  the  very  stables  of  these 
deserted  churches  would  be  scrupulously  preserved.  In  despised  Italy 
they  would  be  guarded  as  we  guard  our  —  fortunes.  In  hateful  England, 
heaven  pity  the  vandal  that  should  move  one  stone  from  another  in 
them.  In  immoral  France,  there  is  at  least  morality  enough  to  hold 
sacred  the  artistic  and  the  venerable.     It  is  only  in  the  Only  Country  in 


44  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

the  World  that  such  precious  things  are  despised  and  neglected  and  left 
to  be  looted  by  the  storm  and  the  tourist. 

This  is  a  new  community,  and  many  things  are  thus  far  forgiven  its 
youth  ;  but  there  will  never  be  pardon  if  we  let  this  sin  go  further.  We 
shall  deserve  and  shall  have  the  contempt  of  all  thoughtful  people  if 
we  suffer  our  noble  missions  to  fall. 

This  magazine  might  find,  in  a  few  cares  of  its  own,  excuse  from  labor 
in  this  cause  ;  but  it  is  not  looking  for  excuses.  It  is  here  to  serve  the 
country  it  loves,  as  God  gives  it  to  see  what  service  means.  And  this  is 
the  first  thing  it  is  going  to  turn  these  fists  to.  Something  must  be  done 
instantly — something  will  already  have  been  done  before  these  pages 
leave  the  press.  This  winter's  rains  can  never  be  remedied,  if  they  work 
their  bent  on  the  missions. 

Briefly,  this  is  decided  :  A  small  sum  by  subscription  will  be  put  at 
once  to  protect  the  most  exposed  gaps  ;  and  then  a  systematic  campaign 
will  begin  which  will  not  relax  until  all  the  missions  within  our  scope 
are  safe.  There  is  to  be  no  accursed  "  restoration  " — preservation  is  the 
watchword.  That  gem  of  the  missions,  San  Juan  Capistrano,  is  in  most 
imminent  danger ;  and  there  the  first  work  will  be  done.  A  society 
will  be  incorporated  for  the  preservation  of  the  Missions.  A  general 
campaign  will  be  made  to  arouse  interest  in  all  quarters  and  to  raise  a 
permanent  fund  for  the  protection  and  conservation  of  the  finest  ruins 
in  the  United  States. 

This  magazine  is  tired  of  waiting.  Now  it  is  going  to  work,  and  keep 
at  work.  It  is  no  half-heart.  It  will  receive  and  acknowledge  sub- 
scriptions for  the  cause  from  anyone,  anywhere,  who  cares  for  beauty, 
art  and  patriotism  ;  and  it  will  give  its  own  strength  and  the  strength 
of  the  men  who  make  it,  to  keep  reproach  from  California  and  loss  from 
all  who  love  the  beautiful  Old. 

PROPHETS  Magazines  longer  than  almost  anything  else  have  resisted  the 

AND  SONS  OF  THEM,  centrifugal  force  which  is  specializing  all  other  lines  of  business 
—  for  it  is  well  always  to  be  remembered  that  print  nowadays  is  only  a 
business,  and  that  a  man's  mind  is  no  bigger  because  he  can  give  a  piece 
of  it  to  a  million  readers.  He  has  really  no  more  than  any  one  of  them 
might  safely  receive  in  a  lump  ;  and  it  is  only  by  the  miracle  of  type  that 
he  can  feed  the  multitude  with  the  same  crumbs  over  and  over. 

But  there  are  signs  that  even  the  magazines  must  go  the  way  of  all 
other  flesh.  Just  now  they  are  all  engaged  in  buttering  the  plenary 
Universe  with  each  its  more  or  less  adequate  butter-pat.  This  brings 
them  into  direct  competition  one  with  another  —  and  the  competition  of 
the  last  three  years  has  made  sore  bones  among  them  all. 

Human  nature  —  even  editorial  wisdom  —  is  finite;  and  this  sort  of 
thing  cannot  keep  up  forever.  No  one  magazine  has  a  monopoly  of  all 
the  brains  there  are  ;  and  until  it  shall  have,  it  must  fall  now  ahead  and 
now  behind  in  the  hippodrome. 

Unless  —  there  is  only  one  unless.  If  they  specialize;  as  science  has 
done,  as  business  already  forgets  that  it  once  did  not,  as  art,  law,  medi- 
cine, shoemaking  and  the  higher  walks  of  literature  are  doing  —  why, 
then  they  will  escape  the  elbowing.  If  each  magazine  shall  choose  its 
specific  field  and  stick  to  it  and  fill  it — whether  that  field  be  geographical 
or  topical — it  will  be  rid  of  rivals  and  need  no  longer  be  losing  its  hat  in 
chase  of  the  common  fad  of  the  moment. 

All  this  is  perhaps  some  way  ahead,  but  in  all  seriousness  it  seems  to 
be  coming.  When  the  monarchs  of  New  York  for  a  generation  find 
themselves  in  one  short  year  not  alone  outstripped  but  five  and  ten-fold 
distanced  by  a  stripling  whose  only  running-power  is  a  gallery  of  well- 
aired  ladies,  it  must  set  them  to  a  renaissance  of  thinking. 

All  over  the  country,  weeklies  and  monthlies  in  specific  lines  are 
springing  up.     One  is  even  tempted  to  suggest,  tentatively  and  modestly, 


IN    THE   LION'S    DEN.  45 

that  the  time  may  come  when  it  shall  not  be  presumed  that  only  one  city 
in  the  United  States  has  brains  enough  to  supply  reading  for  all  the  open- 
mouthed  rest  of  the  nation. 

It  is  an  idea  not  unknown  to  remark  among  thoughtful  literary  men 
that  at  the  last  it  is  the  local  or  the  special  magazine  that  must  and  will 
survive.  In  Washington,  the  other  day,  one  of  the  famous  American 
poets  expressed  it  ;  and  almost  simultaneously  a  member  of  the  oldest 
and  largest  publishing  house  in  the  United  States  voiced  the  same  belief, 

The  corroboration  of  one's  betters  is  pleasant,  even  while  the  logic  of 
events  is  reassuring  enough.  The  Land  of  Sunshine  is  so  far  the  only 
exclusive  magazine  of  locality  in  the  United  States.  It  has  the  best  and 
broadest  locality  in  America.  It  has  no  competitors,  and  does  not  fear 
any  ;  for  besides  being  the  first  Southwestern  magazine,  it  intends 
always  to  be  the  best.  And  whatever  its  success,  it  will  try  never  to 
become  so  swollen  as  not  to  feel  for  its  now  big  brothers  when  they  shall 
have  to  bunt  their  specialized  heads  against  the  narrow  four  fences  of 
Manhattan  Island  or  the  Back  Bay. 

There  is  nothing  more  charming  than  the  entire  freedom  of      the  march 
modern  civilized  society  from  anything  remotely  like  super-  °^  intellect. 

stition.     It  is  one  of  the  few  signs  to  cheer  the  student  of  his  race. 

This  comes  to  tongue  by  grace  of  a  lady  who  writes  to  a  daily  paper 
in  Los  Angeles  that  she  thanks  heaven  her  female  ancestors  and  self 
have  never  ridden  a  horse  except  "  in  the  way  ladies  ouo^ht  to  ride." 

Happy  go  they  who  have  not !  It  saves  labor  of  reading  to  know  at 
dentition  "how  a  lady  ought  to  ride."  There  seems  to  be  a  notion 
abroad  (where  the  schoolmaster  is  not)  that  when  the  Almighty  had 
evolved  the  horse  from  the  five-toed  eohippus  this  legend  was  worked 
upon  its  left  flank  : 

"  All  self-respectine  females  will  have  the  kindness  to  keep  on  this  side  of  this  quadruped  their  two  necessary- 
evils-which-are-not  to-be-mentioned-in-polite-society." 

Also,  that  no  mother  of  mankind  had  so  far  forgotten  herself  and  the 
noble  example  of  the  Queen  of  Spain  as  to  bestride  a  saddle  until  this 
Era  of  the  New  Woman.  Such  things  make  the  philosopher  glad  that 
he  was  bom  among  brains. 

As  a  matter  of  history,  no  woman  so  abused  herself  and  a  horse 
as  to  ride  a  side-saddle  until  long  after  society  —  even  English  society  — 
was  old  enough  to  know  better.  No  idiot  had  ever  conceived  so  impos- 
sible a  distortion.  It  was  only  when  Queen  Ann  limped  in,  with  one  leg 
shorter  than  the  other — not  the  patroness  of  architects,  who  was  not 
built  that  way,  but  a  lady  less  famed  yet  more  lastingly  influential — that 
the  thing  was  done.  Being  so  much  a  cripple  that  she  could  not  ride  as 
God  made  women  to  ride  and  horses  to  be  ridden,  she  went  unhorsed  till 
a  McAllister  of  the  day  invented  a  crutch-saddle  for  her  poor  unmatched 
legs.  The  simians  of  the  court  could  not  well  be  more  legged  than  their 
queen  ;  and  for  the  few  hundred  years  since,  the  civilized  world  of  women 
has  followed  suit.  If  the  unfortunate  Bohemian  had  been  "shy"  her 
front  teeth,  doubtless  we  should  all  have  extra  dentist's  bills  to  pay  ;  and 
women  whose  smile  was  still  ivoried  by  God  would  be  reckoned  indecent. 
These  are  the  practical  uses  to  which  we  put  our  putative  intelligence. 

This  magazine  is  not  made  with  reference  to  those  who  buy      much 
their  art  by  the  yard  and  their  reading  by  the  pound.     It  could  '^  little. 

spoil  twice  the  white  paper  it  does  ;  but  it  has  no  ambition  to  pad  out 
cheap  pages.  It  aims  to  concentrate  all  the  value  possible  into  the  ^^ 
smallest  space  ;  and  it  is  today  the  most  condensed  of  American  month- 
lies—every page  "boiled  down  "  and  meaty.  It  will  grow  as  it  can  ;  but 
meantime  is  soothed  by  knowing  that  it  is  already  by  far  the  most  liberal 
dime's  worth  ever  marketed  in  the  West,  and  that  in  actual  readable 
matter  it  gives  more  than  some  magazines  of  twipe  its  si^te, 


4^  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

A  PARAGRAPH  There  are  magazines  too  timid  to  call  their  souls  their  own. 

TO  HISTORY.         Or  maybe  too  truthful.     But  this  small  one,  being  Western,  has 

given  no  mortgages  and  is  not  afraid  of  meat.     Not  alone  as  a  Californian 

but  as  an  American  it  has  joy  in  printing  Mrs.  Fremont's  undodging 

words — which  are  as  true  as  they  are  direct  and  dignified. 

Fremont  was  not  merely  the  Pathfinder.  He  gave  the  path  something 
to  lead  to.  In  politics  it  might  have  taken  a  century  to  justify  his  pro- 
phetic foresight  ;  but  it  was  only  two  years  before  he  was  corroborated 
by  an  argument  which  even  sectional  statesmen  could  understand — Cali- 
fornia gold. 

He  has  been  denied  his  due  stature  in  our  "histories"  for  but  one 
reason — the  East  cannot  even  yet  comprehend  the  meaning  of  the  West. 
Self-important  and  provincial,  lost  to  the  sense  of  proportion  (because  it 
knows  no  other  proportions  than  its  own),  it  has  never  grasped  the  logic 
of  boundaries.  It  has  never  realized  the  absurdity  and  impossibility  of  a 
Union  pinched  between  the  Rockies  and  the  Atlantic,  with  England  on 
two  sides  (Canada  and  California)  and  Mexico  on  the  third.  When  not 
the  few  scholars  but  the  American  people  shall  understand  the  political 
significance  of  the  West,  we  shall  rather  better  comprehend  the  men 
who  gave  us  it. 

We  had  had  but  one  President  (Jefferson)  awake  to  the  logic  of  the 
West ;  and  few  statesmen.  Webster — perhaps  the  greatest  brain  we  have 
produced,  and  an  eloquent  example  of  what  the  East  may  do  for  such  an 
intellect  —  scoffed  at  "the  worthless  West."  It  needed  the  frontier- 
sharpened  eye  like  Benton's  to  see  that  we  could  not  hatch  a  Nation  in 
the  heel  of  a  stocking — and  to  demand  room  where  we  could. 

There  would  be  a  California  today  if  there  had  been  no  Fremont  ;  but 
it  would  not  be  what  it  is,  and  probabh^  would  not  be  ours.  There  would 
also  be  a  United  States  ;  but  it  might  very  likely  end  at  Mason  and 
Dixon's  line,  with  another  country  between  it  and  Mexico,  and  another 
between  it  and  the  Pacific.  The  American  Rooster  may  not  be  aware  of 
that ;  but  students  of  statecraft  are.  Von  Moltke,  the  greatest  modern 
scientist  of  war,  saw  it  and  said  it. 

If  there  is  any  man  who  should  stand  tall  in  the  heart  of  us  who 
inherit  California  and  love  our  country,  it  is  John  Charles  Fremont.  He 
not  only  gave  us  the  State  of  States  ;  he  enabled  the  West,  and  thereby 
made  Union  geographically  and  politically  possible. 

And  while  we  speak  of  the  Pathfinder,  it  is  fit  to  remember  also  that 
he  issued  the  first  Emancipation  Proclamation — Aug.  31,  1861.  That  was 
a  year  and  a  month  before  even  Abraham  Lincoln,  the  greatest  of  all 
Americans,  dared.  And  that  is  what  Whittier  meant  when  he  said  it  was 
Fremont  who  "struck  the  first  brave  blow  for  freedom." 

The  January  number  (out  Dec.  20th)  will  be  particularly  full  of  Christ- 
mas flavor  and  rich  in  holiday  illustrations.  It  doesn't  mean  to  be  mean  ; 
but  people  who  prefer  to  stay  and  hang  up  their  stockings  where  Santa 
Claus  will  drop  chilblains  and  pneumonia  in  them,  musn't  complain  if 
these  pages  rather  emphasize  the  more  lovable  holiday  conditions  in 
God's  Country. 

"The  October  Overland  Monthly  contains  a  sketch  of  the  late  Prof. 
Charles  Warren  Stoddard  by  Joaquin  Miller."— Z:^^  Criiic,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  i. 

Really,  dear  Critic,  even  common  homicide  is  improper  ;  and  when 
you  go  to  killing  off  our  poet  of  the  South  Sea  you  must  expect  the 
Vigilantes  upon  your  trail.  And  all  because  the  Warmed-overland 
(as  some  irreverent  soul  has  dubbed  it)  reprints  from  newspapers  of  the 
far  past  Joaquin's  little  joke  about  the  buried  poet — "buried"  in  a 
professor's  chair  in  Washington  ! 


THAT 

WHICH  IS 
WRITTEN 


In  this  turkey-with-cranberry  season 
Literature  should  try  and  find  where- 
fore to  thanksgive,  with  the  rest  of  us.     She 
can  at  least  be  grateful  that  there  are  not  more  books, 
and  worse  ones.     There  might  be  — and  will  be.     But 
meantime  let  us  return  thanks  for  what  we  haven't. 


D-TALES 

BY  A  HERO 


Theodore  Roosevelt  —  than  whom  there  is  no  better  type  in  the 
eyes  of  young  Americans  todaj^  and  whose  very  prominence  is 
a  most  remarkable  token  of  what  our  average  politics  are  which  form  his 
background  —  has  written,  in  conjunction  with  Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  a 
juvenile  of  genuine  value.  Hero  Tales  from  American  History.  It  deals 
in  sane  and  fine  simplicity  with  such  divergently  typical  characters  as 
Washington,  Boone,  Geo.' Clark,  Stark,  "Mad  Anthony"  Wayne,  Sam 
Houston  and  Davy  Crockett,  Lieut.  Cushing,  Stonewall  Jackson  and 
Abraham  Lincoln.  It  is  good  to  find  in  such  a  book,  too,  a  chapter  on 
Francis  Parkman,  the  greatest  American  historian,  and  not  more  historian 
than  hero.  The  time  will  come  when  other  hero-tales  will  include  the 
square-jawed  young  patriot  who  is  daring  now  more  than  men  dare  in 
battle  —  Roosevelt  himself.  Meantime  this  book  of  his  —  like  all  his 
other  books  and  works  —  makes  for  good  Americanism.  The  Century 
Co.,  N.  Y.     I1.50. 

KIND  OF  It  is  painful  as  well  as  exasperating  to  pick  up  a  well-dressed 

CONSCIENCE,  booij.  \\)^^  Among  the  Pueblo  Indians,  by  Carl  and  Lilian  W. 
Eickemeyer,  and  discover  its  calibre.  The  writers  spent  as  much  as  a 
fortnight  in  fitting  themselves  for  authorship  ;  going  into  four  Pueblo 
towns  without  knowing  any  Spanish,  and  still  more  ignorant  of  the 
history  and  literature  of  the  subject.  A  few  hours'  reading  in  Bandelier, 
Cushing,  Stevenson,  Powell  or  any  one  of  a  score  of  others,  would  have 
enabled  the  "travelers"  to  understand  at  least  a  little  of  what  they  saw. 
Their  volume  is  in  no  sense  ( except  its  mechanical  form )  a  book ;  it  is 
merely  a  long  letter  such  as  two  people  of  some  education,  no  literary 
light  and  utter  ignorance  of  their  subject  might  "writeback  home" — 
and  illustrate  with  kodaks,  principally  of  themselves  under  various 
aspects.  They  picture  the  omnipresent  buckhom  cactus  as  "a  mesquite 
in  bloom  " — blissfully  ignorant  that  the  mezquite  is  a  bean-bearing  locust 
and  does  not  exist  in  any  part  of  New  Mexico  they  visited.  They  habit- 
ually and  awfully  mi.sspell  the  commonest  New  Mexican  words  (like 
"esaque"  for  acequia,  "Jamez"  forjemez,  "  Carmensville  "  for  Carbon- 
ateville,  "mungi  milo"  for  m,uy  malo) ;  and  their  "facts"  are  quite  on 
a  par  with  their  spelling.  Equal  nonsense  about  the  Pueblos  has  been 
printed  in  country  papers  ;  but  it  is  doubtful  if  anything  quite  so  trashy 
on  this  subject  has  ever  seen  book  form  before.  A  fair  example  of  their 
information  is  that:  the  monarch  of  a  Pueblo  town  is  "the  cacique  or 
chief,  originally  appointed  for  life  by  the  Governor  of  New  Mexico,  to 
be  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son"  .  .  .  "The  governors  of  the  pueblos 
would  not  allow  the  children  to  possess  but  one  dress!"  So  far  as  a 
careful  reading  discloses,  there  is  not  in  the  book  one  important  state- 
ment about  the  Indians  which  is  not  ridiculously  untrue,  and  none  too 


48  LAND    or  SUNSHINE. 

many  unimportant  ones  which  are  not  of  the  same  sort.  The  Eickemeyers 
are  at  least  to  be  praised  for  their  attitude.  They  meant  well,  and  seem 
kind-hearted — though  it  is  hard  to  understand  the  mind  which  thinks  a 
week's  superficial  junket  without  study  is  adequate  preparation  for 
writing  a  book  of  description  to  be  sold  for  good  money.  The  case  is 
the  more  curious  because  the  book  is  published  by  a  firm  which  is  not  in 
the  habit  of  such  offenses.     The  Merriam  Co.,  N,  Y.     $1.50. 

A  LOCAL  The  History  of  Pasadena,   Cal.,  by  Dr.  H.  A.  Reid,  is  one  of 

ENCYCLOPEDIA.  ^j^g  ^^g^  exhaustive  chronicles  of  a  locality  yet  published  on 
the  Coast.  Its  675  octavo  pages  cover  Pasadena  from  almost  every  con- 
ceivable point  of  view  —  social,  material,  scientific,  historical,  the  Indian 
era,  the  Spanish  occupation,  and  the  American  new  dispensation  which 
has  set  a  beautiful  and  cultured  city  upon  the  sheep-pasture  of  a  few 
years  ago.  Naturally  into  a  work  of  this  sort  much  creeps  that  is  not 
history  in  form  or  in  fact ;  and  it  would  be  much  better  that  some  para- 
graphs on  the  early  days  had  never  been  written  — they  never  would 
have  been  written  if  the  Doctor  had  not  relied  upon  less  conscientious 
writers  than  himself.  Wherein  the  material  was  less  distant  from  him 
he  has  worked  with  tireless  energy  and  patience,  collecting  and  sifting  a 
mass  of  data  one  would  hardly  have  deemed  possible  in  relation  to  so 
young  a  town.  The  indices  are  voluminous ;  and  a  number  of  maps  and 
illustrations  add  to  the  reference  value  of  the  book.  The  chapters  on 
the  flora  and  fauna  of  this  region  are  particularly  interesting.  Pasadena 
History  Co.     By  subscription. 

Phoebe  Bstelle  Spaulding,  of  Pomona  College,  and  K.  F.  Gleason,  of 
Redlands,  are  among  the  prize-winners  in  the  recent  Youth's  Companion 
short  story  competition. 

E.  S.  Holden,  the  well-known  astronomer  in  charge  at  lyick  Observa- 
tory, has  issued  with  the  Scribners  a  valuable  volume,  The  Mogul 
Emperors  0/  Hindustan. 

The  second  volume  in  the  Stories  of  the  West  series  (edited  by  Ripley 
Hitchcock  and  published  by  D.  Appleton  &  Co.)  will  be  The  Story  of  the 
Mine,  by  our  own  Charles  Howard  Shinn . 

The  Chap- Book  of  Nov.  i  has  a  cover  worth,  in  effect  and  in  decorative 
art,  all  the  covers  of  all  the  magazines  in  three  months  gone.  It  is  by 
Hazenplug,  whose  average  work  hardly  prepares  one  for  this  exception- 
ally striking  piece. 

The  sudden  death  of  Eugene  Field,  last  month,  removed  our  highest 
newspaper  poet,  and  one  whose  occasional  work  belonged  in  real  liter- 
ature—  which  is  still  a  somewhat  slenderer  span  than  the  dailies  and  the 
publishers'  circulars  think  they  think  it. 

The  Literary  World  (Boston)  recently  spoke  of  Edmund  Clarence 
Stedman's  new  work  as  his  "Victorian  Anthropology."  It  is  said  that 
rascals,  if  "given  rope  enough  will  hang  themselves."  Very  excellent 
people  in  the  Center  of  Wisdom  seem  able  to  perform  the  same  laudable 
feat  with  just  a  little  "rop." 

Gelett  Burgess,  the  genius  of  the  Lark,  has  issued  a  special  asylum  of 
his  drawings  under  title  of  The  Purple  Cow.  These  vagaries  are  the  best 
and  only  thing  in  their  kind  —  a  sort  of  composite  pictographs  of  Mother 
Goose,  Lewis  Carroll,  and  too  much  green  apples.  Wm.  Doxey,  San 
Francisco.     25  cents. 

The  Critic  recently  gave  prizes  of  $25  and  $10  for  the  two  best  bicycle 
poems  ;  and  printed  the  winning  verses  followed  by  several  pages  of 
letters  from  many  writers,  giving  their  views  of  the  magic  wheel.  The 
Critic's  poems  are  among  the  best  on  the  bicycle ;  but  particularly 
serve,  after  all,  to  show  how  much  better  poetry  is  inspired  by  the  horse. 


Central  California 

and  the  Famous  Del  flonte ^ 

fHE  great  majority  of  Easterners  who  visit  Southern  California  hold  transportation  tickets  read- 
ing to  San  Francisco,  and  from  thence  homeward  over  the  Ogden  or  Shasta  routes.  To  such  we 
would  beg  to  advise  that  they  give  themselves  ample  time  to  become  acquainted  with  some  of 
the  world-famous  attractions  of  Central  California.  They  should  at  least  arrange  for  a  few  weeks' 
stay  at  the  celebrated  Hotel  Del  Monte,  Monterey,  "  The  Queen  of  American  Watering  Places." 

This  magnificent  establishment  is  situated  near  the  shore  line  of  Monterey  Bay,  in  one  of  the 
most  picturesque  and  naturally  beautiful  localities  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  It  was  founded  in  1880,  and 
in  its  comparatively  brief  career  may  be  credited  with  having  done  more  than  almost  any  other 
agency  to  acquaint  the  world  with  California's  natural  advantages.  Guests  from  every  corner  of  the 
earth  have  enjoyed  its  hospitality. 

This  hotel  is  both  a  summer  and  winter  resort  of  the  highest  order,  and  at  all  seasons  is  com- 
fortably filled,  a  happy  condition  rarely  the  boast  of  any  resort.  In  winter  it  becomes  the  delightful 
retreat  of  visitors  from  the  colder  States,  who  go  there  to  enjoy  its  luxurious  comforts  and  its  genial 
climate.  In  summer  it  is  more  conspicuous  as  a  resort  for  pleasure,  though  retaining  its  more  staid 
character  for  quiet  and  uninterrupted  comfort. 


^;^^ 


a£;=:^f^JO^ 


BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  HOTEL  DEL  MONTE. 


The  Hotelis  situated  in  a  splendid  grove  of  giant  pines  and  oaks,  part  of  the  magnificently 
wooded  seven-thousand-acre  park  entirely  devoted  to  the  enhancement  of  the  resort.  In  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  building  is  an  immense  flower  garden  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
acres,  the  marvelous  luxuriance  of  which  must  be  seen  to  be  properly  appreciated.  Prom  one  year's 
end  to  another  it  is  a  constant  dazzle  of  gorgeous  colors. 

Bathing,  boating,  fishing  and  hunting,  clubrooms,  billiard  parlors,  an  elegant  ballroom,  tennis 
courts,  croquet  grounds,  and  a  large  bath-house,  are  among  the  delightful  diversions,  all  free  to  the 
l^ests.  The  finest  drives  in  America,  through  scenes  rich  in  picturesque  variety  and  historic  inter- 
est, may  be  included  in  the  never-ending  whirl  of  enjoyment. 

No  visitor  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  whether  business-bound,  health  or  plea  sure- bound,  should  fail  to 
visit  Hotel  Del  Monte.  It  is  but  three  and  one-half  hours'  ride  from  San  Prancisco  by  express  trains 
of  the  Southern  Fadfic  Company. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  SuirsHiirB." 


50 

'    San  Fernando. 


m 


HE  great  San  Fernando  valley  is  now  undergoing  a  change  like 
that  which  began  in  the  San  Gabriel  valley  a  dozen  years  ago — 
^       the  transformation  from  a  grain  country  to  a  section  of  fruit- 
growing and  diversified  farming. 

The  advantages  of  this  great  valley  are  but  half  appreciated  by  Los 
Angeles  people  who  have  seen  it  only  from  the  car-windows  in  riding  to 
and  from  San  Francisco.  It  chances  that  for  a  considerable  distance  the 
main  line  of  the  Southern  Pacific  runs  through  the  poorest  part  of  th 
valley,  the  bed  of  a  wash.  But  outside  this  are  many  thousand  acres  of 
excellent  land,  which  will,  some  day,  support  a  large  population. 

The  Mission  padres  were  never  at  fault  in  their  choice  of  a  location — 
it  is  proverbial  among  travelers  that  for  the  location  of  a  mission 
they  always  picked  the  gem  of  the  region.  That  a  hundred  years  ago 
they  founded  the  Mission  of  San  Fernando  just  a  little  west  of  the  present 


T,.  A.  Eng.  Co.  SAN   FERNANDO.  Photo,  by  Shaffner. 

town  is  one  of  the  best  guarantees  the  town  could  possibly  have.  Some 
of  the  oldest  olive  trees  in  Southern  California,  and  the  oldest  apricot 
tree,  are  in  the  orchards  of  the  San  Fernando  Mission. 

It  long  failed  to  be  understood  among  the  modern  settlers  that  the 
valley  was  good  for  anything  but  grain -growing.  But  as  population  in- 
creased, and  the  great  ranchos  were  subdivided,  the  planting  of  fruit 
trees  began.  Now  no  part  of  Southern  California  shows  better  results — 
particularly  in  olives.  The  olive  seems  destined  to  be  the  special  indus- 
try of  the  valley.  About  i,ooo  acres  were  set  out  to  it  last  year.  One 
firm  handled  400  barrels  of  pickled  olives  this  fall,  and  found  a  ready 
market.     An  olive-oil  mill  is  soon  to  be  erected. 

San  Fernando  is  already  a  shipping  point  of  some  importance ;  ex- 
porting last  year  over  2,000  carloads  of  grain,  250  of  deciduous  fruit,  40 
of  hay,  50  of  cattle,  10  of  hogs,  19  of  oranges,  and  3  of  olives  and  dried 
fruit.  Considerable  building  is  being  done  ;  and  the  planting  of  fruit- 
trees  is  going  on  rapidly  throughout  the  valley. 


51 


Ontario. 


ITUATED  at  a  distance  of  35  miles  from  the  Pacific  ocean,  and  39 
miles  east  of  Los  Angeles,  on  the  main  line  of  both  the  Southern 
Pacific  and  Santa  Fc  railways,  is  the  beautiful  town  of  Ontario. 
In  location,  climate,  soil  and  water  privileges,  Ontario  has  many  ad- 
vantages—  fine  business  blocks,  electric  cars  and  lighting,  handsome 
churches  and  schools,  fine  residences,  surrounded  by  what  is  already 
becoming  a  great  forest  of  citrus  and  deciduous  orchards,  blocked  out 
by  splendid  shade  trees  —  such  is  Ontario  at  thirteen  years.  How  many 
Eastern  towns  twice  its  age  and  population  would  ever  dream  of  half 
its  progress?  The  elevation,  ranging  from  950  to  2500  feet,  insures  a 
most  healthful  and  agreeable  climate,  while  the  conditions  for  growing 
citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  cannot  be  excelled. 


A   WATP:R- .SUPPLY  SOURCE,   SAN    ANTONIO   CANON. 


For  the  past  two  years  Ontario  has  planted  more  orchard  lauds  than 
any  other  district  in  Southern  California,  the  firm  of  Hanson  &  Co.  alone 
having  planted  over  1500  acres  to  the  various  kinds  of  citrus  and  decidu- 
ous fruits.  This  they  are  selling  in  10  or  20-acre  tracts,  at  prices  ranging 
from  I150  to  I400  per  acre,  according  to  location  of  lots  and  water  priv- 
ileges. These  prices  are  for  three-year-old  orchards.  The  .streets  and 
avenues  are  planted  to  ornamental  and  shade  trees,  and  kept  in  good 
order.     There  are  some  l)eautiful  residences  now  on  their  tract. 

They  also  have  several  orchards  in  full  bearing  which  are  good  value, 
and  will  l)ear  investigation.  Anyone  desiring  further  information  .should 
write  for  pamphlet  to  Hansou  &  Co.,  Ontario,  or  122  Pall  Mall,  London, 
England. 


A  Glimpse  at  Woodlawn 

THE  NEW  RESIDENCE  SUBDIVISION  IN  LOS  ANGELES. 


Fronts  on  JeflFerson,  Main,  35th,  36th,  37th,  38th  and  Maple  Ave.,  and  bordered  by  sturdy  old 
peppers.  Reached  by  three  car  lines;  Maple  Ave.  electric  a  block  east,  Grand  Ave.  electric  a  block 
west,  and  Main  St.  line,  soon  to  be  electrized,  direct  to  tract.  Only  a  short  distance  from  the  R.R. 
stations  to  Redondo  and  Santa  Monica  beaches;  within  a  few  blocks  of  the  famous  Adams  and 
Figueroa  Sts.  Gets  the  first  sniff  of  the  ocean  breeze  ;  no  smoke.  The  soil  is  a  dark  loam,  no  adobe 
and  no  mud.  City  water  in  abundance.  Gas  soon  to  be  put  in  and  Main  street  paved  to  37th  street, 
the  city  limits.  Good  schools  near,  and  every  city  advantage.  Two  years  ago  this  was  an  orange 
grove.  Subdivison  cut  it  into  regular  50  foot  lots,  laid  out  the  streets,  caused  cement  walks  and  curbs, 
and  later,  shade  trees,  beautiful  homes,  lawns  and  flowers.  Mr.  Thos.  McD.  Potter  is  the  owner  of 
this  fine  property.  He  stipulates  the  class  of  houses,  and  desires  the  homeseeker  rather  than  the 
investor.  At  present  there  are  over  30  fine  homes,  ranging  from  $1,500  to  $5,000.  Prices  average 
between  $600  and  $800.  A  few  lots  left  on  36th  street  at  $700  ;  35th  street  at  $750.  See  cut.  Prices  are 
meaningless  to  the  stranger,  and  value  is  only  by  comparison. 

For  all  information   address  tlie  owner,  Jefferson  aud  Main  Streets. 


Parisian  Qodk 

^n^Suit  Company 


TELEPHONE 


491 


FOR   LADIES,   MISSES  and  CHILDREN. 

FASHIOH  LEADERS 

LEADING  FURRIERS 

AND  MODISTES 


221  6oul:fi  Spring  6[:reeL  Lo6  Anoefes 


SEND    FOR 


lUMSTRATED  CATALOGUE ;  mailed  free  T        Q«        C   TV    T    Z^  ZT"  V^ 

to  out  of  town  Buyers  on  application.  ij  ,     i^  ,     v    J  f-\    I    -  r\    f' .   jf 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  I<and  of  Sunshinb." 


The  l^aixd  of  ^ai\6biiv€ 


THE    SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA 
MAGAZINE 

li.oo  A  Year.       io  Cents  a  Copy. 
Published  monthly  by 

The  Land  of  Sunshine  Pubfishing  Co. 

INCORPORATED 

501-503  Stimson  Building,  los  angcles.  cal 


BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 
W.  C.  Patterson  ...  -  President 
Chas.  F.  Lummis.  V.-Prest.  &  Managing  Editor 
P.  A.  Pattee  -  Secretary  and  Business  Mgr. 
H.  J.  Fleishman  .  .  .  .  Treasurer 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis     -       -       -       -     Attorney 

STOCKHOLDERS 
Chas.  Forman,  Geo.  H.  Bonebrake, 

D.  Freeman,  C.  D.  Willard, 

P.  W.  Braun,  F.  K.  Rule, 

Jno.  F.  Francis,  Andrew  Mullen, 

C.G.Baldwin,  I.  B   Newton. 

S.  H.  Mott,  Fred  L.  Alles, 

W.  C.  Patterson.  M.  E.  Wood, 

B.  W.  Jones,  Chas.  Cassat  Davis, 

H.  J.  Fleishman,  Wm.  H.  Holabird, 

Ferd  C.  Gottschalk ,  E.  E.  Bostwick, 

Cyrus  M.  Davis,  H.  K.  Brook, 

Ciias.  F.  Lummis,  F.  A.  Pattee. 


Entered  at  the  I/>s  Angeles  PostoflBce  as  second- 
class  matter. 

Address  advertising,  remittances,  etc.,  to  the 
Business  Manager. 

All  MSS.  should  be  addressed  to  the  Editor. 
No  MSS.  preserved  unless  accompanied  by  re- 
turn postage. 

Questions  Answered.— specific  information 
about  Southern  California  desired  by  tourists, 
health  seekers  or  intending  settlers  will  be  furn- 
ished free  of  charge  by  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 
Enclose  stamp  with  letter. 

NOVEMBErT^S  9  5 


CIRCULATION. 

The  Land  op  Sunshine  has  never  ventured 
inflated  editions.  While  giving  the  largest  ten 
cents  worth  of  reading  matter  ever  published  in 
the  West,  it  has  never  approached  superfluity  in 
this  respect.  Its  errors  in  circulation  have  been 
in  not  meeting  the  demand  rather  than  in  ex- 
ceeding it,  as  the  scarcity  and  high  price  of  all 
'"ick  numbers  testify. 

ihe   affidavits   which   it  has  published   from 

■nth  to  month  during  the  past  year  and  a  half 

-^how  an  average  monthly  increase  in  circulation 

"t  600  per  month  ;  the  most  rapid  growth  of  any 

Pnhlication  in  this  section. 

This  has  been  attained  not  by  means  of  pre- 
mium*, or  periodical  offers  of  half  rates,  but  by 
the  merit  of  the  magazine.  The  groivth  has 
been  natural.  Take,  for  example,  the  certified 
figures  of  Ihe  last  three  months  :  October,  8,000, 
November,  8,500. 

U£C£MIiKK,  1),000. 

This  is  the  largest  cirtified  regular  circulation 
»ny  monthly  published  in  the  West. 


It  certainly  exceeds  the  combined  oirculation 
of  all  the  Eastern  monthlies  in  this  field. 

It  is  the  largest  certified  regular  circulation  oj 
any  kind  in  Southern  California,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  one  leading  daily. 

BKST  OF  AI.I.. 

It  is  the  only  regular  publication  in  this  field 
or  any  other,  nine-tenths  of  the  ciriulation  ot 
which  is  eventually  sent  broad  cast  over  the  conti- 
nent by  its  local  readers.  Its  very  character 
assures  this.  Your  own  experience  testifies  to 
it.  Returns  to  both  advertisers  and  publishers 
prove  it. 


,M*ij- 


WHAT  OTHERS  THINK  OF  IT. 

"  A  capital  monthly."— Hartford,  Conn.,  Com. 
ant. 

"  Characteri.stically  Southwestern."  —  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  Argus. 

"  A  bright  and  interesting  publication."— 7/r(» 
Argonaut. 

"  It  would  be  hard  to  find  a  prettier  magazine." 
San  Francisco  Chronicle. 

"  As  ambitious  in  its  appearance  as  any  of  our 
less  expensive  Eastern  monthlies. . .  Exceedingly 
attractive."— Detroit  Evening  News. 


A  RARK  OPPORTUNITY. 

Mr.  Elmer  Wachtel  will  hold  a  sale  of  oil  and 
water-color  paintings  at  his  .studio,  no  W.  and 
street.  Room  20,  Dec.  9-14. 


HAS  CONFIDKNCK. 

Mr.  li.  J.  WtKjUacott,  president  o<  the  State 
Loan  and  Trust  Company,  has  recently  expressed 
his  confidence  in  Los  Angeles  in  general  and  in 
Broadway  in  particular  by  adding  another  fine 
piece  of  property  to  his  other  investments  in 
this  city.  This  time  the  purchase  comprises 
SOX  165  feet  on  the  west  side  of  Broadway,  between 
Thirdf  and  Fourth,  the  price  given  being  $24,000, 
or  $800  a  front  foot.  Mr.  Woollacott  has  grown 
up  with  Los  Angeles,  as  it  were,  having  com- 
menced business  life  here  when  a  mere  lad.  The 
success  which  has  ever  crowned  his  efforts  in  the 
mercantile  world  has  not  only  been  remarkable, 
but  his  real  investments  universally  so  fortunate 
that  his  choice  of  the  Broadway  prooerty  is  an- 
other assurance  of  the  rapid  march  of  this  street 
to  the  front. 


PURE  CALIFORNIA  WINES 

KREIGHT    KREE 

A    LIBERAL    OFFER    ON     MOST    REASONABLE    TERMS 

After  you  have  received  the  goods  and  are  satisfied  with  the  quality  you  can  remit. 

I  will  deliver  freight  free  to  any  railroad  station   in  the  United  States  two  cases  of  assorted 
wines,  containing  24  large  bottles,  5  to  the  gallon,  for  S9.00,  comprising  the  following  varieties  : 


6  bottles  XX  Port 
2  bottles  Muscat 


6  bottles  XX  Angelica 
2  bottles  Riesling  (White) 


6  bottles  XX  Sherry 

2  bottles  Zinfandel  (Claret) 


Or,  should  you  desire  older  vintage,  for  Sill. 00  I  will  ship  you  freight  free  : 

6  bottles  XXX  Port  6  bottles  XXX  Muscatel  6  bottles  XXX  Sherry 

6  bottles  XXX  Angelica         2  bottles  Old  Grape  Brandy.        (Also  i  pint  Claret,  i  pint  Hock 

and  T  sample  Old  Muscat  Brandy,  for  which  no  charge  is  made.) 

Or,  5  cases  containing  60  quart  bottles  for  !S24.00.  I  adopt  this  plan  in  order  that  the  public  may 
have  the  benefit  of  purchasing  PUKE  CAT..IFOKNIA  WINES  from  the  producer,  thus  securing 
them  against  the  many  adulterations  and  the  high  profits  made  by  middlemen.  A  single  trial  of  my 
vintages  will  convince  you  of  their  sitperior  quality  and  fine  flavor,  and  once  used  they  will  prove  the 
favorite.     Addre.ss  all  orders 

H.  J.  WOOLLACOTT 

124-126  NORTH  SPRING  STREET,  LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


POlrtDEXfER  «  WADSWORfri 

BROKERS 
305  West  Second  St.,    I.08  Angeles,  Cal. 

Buy  and  sell  Real  Estate,  Stocks,  Bonds  and 
Mortgages,  on  commission,  make  collections, 
manage  property  and  do  a  general  brokerage 
business.  Highest  references  for  reliability  and 
good  business  management. 


P^E  [JALF-TONE  pPINTING 


A  SPECIALTY 


liOCAI.  TRANSPORTATION. 

Running  as  it  does  from  the  ocean  at  San  Pedro 
and  I,ong  Beach,  through  L,os  Angeles  and  Pas- 
adena, to  Altadena  at  the  foot  of  the  great  cable 
incline  of  the  Sierra  Madre  mountains  without 
change  of  cars,  tourists  will  find  in  the  fast  and 
frequent  service  of  the  IvOS  Angeles  Terminal 
Railway  lines  facilities  not  to  be  overlooked  in 
doing  this  locality.  Then,  too,  there  is  the 
Glendale  division,  through  one  of  the  finest  val- 
leys in  Southern  California  to  fine  picnic  and 
hunting  grounds,  and  Verdugo  Park,  while 
Devil's  Gate  and  numerous  other  points  are  well 
worth  a  trip  over  this  line  to  see. 


J^INGSLEY- 
gARNES 

& 

Neuner 
Co. 

^'^^'T.^:l?^^nl-\13   SOUTH  BROADWAY 


j:!lE.C«f\FFBY  school 

IHHEflimUDOltlWOyS)  ONTARIO.... 


1.     The      only 
School. 


Endowed        Preparatory 


3.     Fifteen  Teachers !     Specialists. 

3.  No  Cast  Iron  Courses.     Each  pupil  care 

fullv  considered  and  such  studies  pre- 
scribed as  best  meet  his  needs  and  aim  in 
life. 

4.  City     Advantages    with    Country   In- 

fluences. Dont  send  your  boy  or  girl 
to  the  city.you.risk  more  than   his  life. 

5.  The    "  College.Home,"  a  real  HOME. 

The  Matron  a  mother  to  every  boy  and  girl. 
Good  board,  good  habits,  good  time. 

6.  Chaffey  Graduates  Succeed  ! 


WRITE  TO  DEAN,  WILLIAM  T.  "RANDALL,  Ontario,  Cal. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saze/  it  in  the  L,and  of  Sunshine." 


4 

-1^ 


Know 
All 


\^r-^,y^^ 


GENERAL    AGENTS     FOR       ] 


<         SYRACUSE     BICYCLES         ? 

House  Builders 

That  we  have  Corbin's  entire 
line  of  Builders'  Hardware,  mak- 
ing this  the  most  complete  Hard- 
ware stock  in  this  section  of  the 
State.  We  shall  make  it  an  object 
for  you  to  come  here  to  buy.  We 
shall  keep  only  the  best.  We  shall 
give  you  the    best    store    service. 

We  shall  sell  lower, 
saving  you  a  dime 
here  and  a  dollar 
there.  No  matter  if 
you  are  buying  for  a 
S500  cottage  or  a 
$50,000  mansion, 
the  saving  will  be 
\  there.  Try  this  store. 

TUTTLE  MERCANTILE  CO., 


TILE 

GRATES 

MANTELS 

ART  GLASS 

GRILLE  WORK 

PARQUET  FLOORING 

BUILDERS'  HARDWARE     ') 


308-310     S.     BROADWAY 


BRADBURY     BLOCK 


)y^^4^^»:^»^^^^^^:ip^^:^«i^^4^^«g';|P'i^^'i<>^4>^^ 


FlcMe  mention  that "  yon  mw  it  in  the  Lam d  of  StmsBnvB. 


The  Modern  Cure  for  Disease. 

SEND 

WATSON  &  CO., 


SEND     FOH     BOOK. 

Pacific  Coast  Agents, 

124  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


S.  YENDO  &  CO., 

f 

114  JEFFERSON  ST., 
Near  Main.  I,os  Angeles. 


Ffesh,  Bvight,  pfagt*ant 

VIOLETS,  CARNATIONS 

ROSES,  FREESIAS  and 

CHRYSANTHEMUMS 

Arrive  from  Santa  Monica  Every  Morning 

AT    8     O'CLOCK 
WHOLESALE  AND   RETAIL 

114  JEFFERSON  STEEET 


Fotnam,  Photo. 


City 
Property 


WOOD  &  CHURCH 


Country 
Property 


ll/r     nCCCD    8,000  acres  at  $12  per  acre  ;  27,000  acres  at  S33,  and  12,000  acres  at  $33  per  acre 
llL     Urri.n    with  abundance  of  water  and  wry  rf^izyad/^ /or  COL-ONY  PUBPOSKS, 

We  have  a  fine  list  of  Los  Angeles  and  Pasadena  city  property,  some  are  bargains. 

Mortgages  and  Bonds  for  Sale. 

123  S.  Broadway,  Pasadena  Office, 

Lios  Angeles,  Cal.  16  S.  Baymond  Ave. 

Hotel    F*7^i-07v^kres   • 


•  V'V  * 

A  strictly  first-class  house  ol 
130  large  rooms,  elegantly  fur- 
nished. Situated  on  the  main 
lines  of  the  Southern  Pacific  and 
Santa  F4  Railways,  32  miles  east 
ot  Los  Angeles.  Rates,  I2.50  to 
I3.50  per  day  ;  I12.50  to  $17.50  PC 
week. 

•  V"ST  * 

V.  D.  SIMMS,  Manager. 


POMONA,  CALIFORNIA 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine.' 


Ontmrio    Hotel,     Ontario.    Cku. 


A  STRICTLY   FIRST-CLASS  HOUSE. 
TOURIST,  COMMERCIAL  AND  FAMILY. 

This  house  for  eleven  vears  has  been  a 
favorite  with  Eastern  visitors,  commercial 
travelers  and  the  traveling  public  generally. 
Tt  is  situated  in  themidst  of  ample  grounds, 

autified  by  orange  trees  and  shrubbery, 
ud  its  verandas  afford  fine  vistas  of  the 
model  colony"  of  Southern  California. 
The  Euclid  Avenue  Electric  Cars  pass  the 
house  and  connect  with  all  trains  on  the 
Santa  F6  Railway  at  North  Ontario,  and  the 
Southern  Pacific  depot  is  only  two  blocks 
distant.  The  house  has  this  season  been 
thoroughly  renovated  by  painting,  papering 
and  re-furnishing,  and  the  table  service 
is  excellent.  Rates,  J|{i2.00  per  day; 
iSS.OO  to  SllS.OO  per  week. 


CALIFORNIA  HOMES 


IS   SELLING   THE   VERY   BEST   LAND   FOR 

Fruit  Growing,  Dairying  and  Diversified 
Farming. 

This  land  is  level,  clear  and  plowed,  has  perfect 
title,  ^ood  irrigation  water  right,  good  railroad 
facilities,  good  school  and  church  privileges,  and 
is  guaranteed  the  best  values  in  Southern  Cal- 
itomia.    There  are  no  saloons  in  Riverside. 

References  :  First  Natiohal  Bank,  and  Orange 
Growers  Bank,  Riverside. 

Offic*  in  Rowell  Hotel  Block,  Riverside,  Cat. 
Olive  Growers  Handbook 


and  Price  List  Free 


lisL.    T.    iAZ:iL-SON 
PROPRIETOR  CLUB    STABLES 

OP.'.  WINDSOR  HOTCL.       REDLANDS.  CAL. 


View  from  Smiley  Heights,  Redlands,  looking  north. 
tW  Carriages,  in  charge  of  thoroughly  competent  drivers, 
meet  each  incoming  train,  ready  to  convey  tourists  to  every  point 
of  interest  in  and  about  Redlands. 

N.  B.— Be  sure  and  ask  for  Club  Stable  Rigs. 

REDLANDS— 


^^  KancheR,  Residences  and  all 
kinds  of  Real  ICstate  in  Redlands  at  reasonable 
rates.  See  Re<Jlands  before  buying.  Call  upon 
or  address  JOHN  P.  FISK,  Jr., 

Rooms  I  and  2  Union  Bank  Block, 

Redlands,  Cat. 


NEW  LAKE  VIEW  HOTEL  AND  CRESCENT  BATH  HOUSE 


ELSINORE,    RIVERSIDE   COUNTY.  CAL. 


The  only  Hotel  located  on  high  ground.  First- 
clats  in  every  way.  Gas.  electric  bells,  tele- 
phone, etc.  Fine  compartments,  cuisine  the 
best.    Guests  accommodated  in  every  way. 

8.  W.  Haknby,  Prop. 


M 


r  tli<   care  01 


Hot  Mineral  > 
resident  physician  ol  ij^cars  cxpci  icncc. 

Specific  diseases  receive  proper   attention   to 
affect  permanent  cure. 

J.  T.  K0HN8. 


FlcMe  mention  that  jrou  "mw  it  in  the  Land  op  Soksbinb  " 


THE  PLACE  POR  YOU  16  ON  OUR  LANDS 


RAPID 

TRANSIT 
TO 

8an  Diego 

mr 

NATIONAL 

CITY 

AMP 

OTAY    RAIL- 


FAWLY 

HOTEL 

AT 

Chula 

VISTA 


A  large  selection  of  valley  and  mesa  lands,  irrigated  and  unirrigated,  $10.00  to  $350  per  acre. 
All  our  lands  near  San  Diego  developed  by  sixty  miles  of  railroad  and  supplied  with  water  under 
pressure  by  the  SWEETWATER  DAM  AND  IRRIGATING  SYSTEM.  The  most  perfect 
water  supply  in  California,  Several  five  and  ten  acre  tracts,  planted  and  unplanted,  with  attractive 
houses,  commanding  beautiful  views  and  making  delightful  homes,  on  CHUr«A  VISTA,  tlie  most 
beautiful  suburb  in  Southern  California.  Citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  grow  to  perfection. 
Easy  terms,  if  desired,  on  all  our  property.    Attractive  adverti.sing  matter  free. 

SAN  DIEGO  LAND  AND  TOWN  CO., 

NATIONAL     CITY,     CAt. 


IS  gOU-R  HEALTH  PE-RFECT? 

OR   ARE   THERE   DEFECTS   WEAKENING   YOUR  VITAI,   ORGANS,    LESSENING 

YOUR   CAPACITY   FOR  PHYSICAL  OR   MENTAL  LABOR,    AND 

PERHAPS  SHORTENING  YOUR  LIFE? 

Have  you  consulted  physicians  of  your  own 
race  without  relief? 

Are  you  sufficiently  candid  to  cast  aside  the 
prejudices  of  a  Caucasian,  and  to  investigate  a 
system  of  medicine  which  has  been  tested  and 
approved  for  three  thousand  years  in  the  most 
populous  country  of  the  world  ? 

Do  you  believe  in  the  possible  existence  of  a 
method  of  healing  which  discards  poisonous 
drugs,  and  effects  cures  by  simple,  harmless,  but 
powerful  and  efficacious  herbs  ? 

Do  you  credit  the  possibility  of  preventive 
medicine,  anticipating  rather  than  curing  dis 
ease,  and  arresting  its  progress  before  it  is 
deeply  seated  ? 

If  you  answer  the  above  questions  in  the 
affirmative,  you  should  consult  T.  Foo  Yuen, 
M.  D.,  the  only  graduate  of  the  Imperial  College 
of  Medicine  at  Pekin,  China,  practicing  in 
America.  His  office  and  residence  are  at  No.  17 
Barnard  Park,  Los  Angeles.  California.  For 
further  information  read  article  in  ihe  November 
number  of  this  magazine,  by  the  Doctor.  If  you 
live  at  a  distance,  or  desire  further  information 
before  consulting  him,  write  for  interesting  and 
valuable  literature  explaining  the  Oriental 
system  of  medicine.  It  states  the  experience  of 
some  of  California's  foremost  citizens,  men  and 
women  of  wealth,  intelligence  and  refinement, 
who,  during  the  past  forty  years,  have  found  life 
and  health  in  this  system  where  all  others  failed 
them. 

THE  FLOWERY  KINGDOM  H€RB  R€MEDY  CO., 
T.  FOO  YUEN,  M.  D.,  Medical  Director. 
1'..  C.  PLATT,  Assistantaud  Business  Manager. 

P.  O.  Box  1717,  Station  F,  L,os  Angeles. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


WHEN  YOU  VISIT 

SAN    DIEGO 

REMEMBER    .   .   . 


RATES 

$2.50  PER  DAY" 

AND    UP 


Amertcain  Plan  Only.  Centrally 
located.  Elevators  and  fire  escapes.  Baths, 
hot  and  cold  water  in  all  suites.  Modern  con- 
veniences. Fine  large  sample  rooms  for  com- 
mercial travelers. 


$10 


PER     ACRE 

FOR     FINE     LANDS 

IN  THE 


$10 


FANITA  RANCHO 

EL  CAJON   VALLEY 
1669  Acres  for     -     .     $18,000 
1420  Acres  for     -     -     $12,000 

Smaller  Tracts  for  $30  to  $80  per  acre. 

WILL  GROW  ANYTHING. 

This  property  is  twelve  miles  from  the  city  ol 
San  Diego  and  two  miles  from  Cuvamaca  Rail- 
road. It  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Hosmer  P. 
McKooa,  and  will  be  sold  at  the  appraised  value: 

For  further  information  address 

FANNIE  M.   McKOON,   ExecuTRiX. 

Santee,  San  Diego  Co.,  CttH, 


C.  I.  PARKER  FBRD.  C.    GOTTSCHALK 

M  [siQie  Qni  investmenl  MM 

ROOMS  I  AND  2  MUSKEGON  BLOCK 

THIRD  AND  BROADWAY 
LOS   ANGELES,    CALIFORNIA. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  investing  Eastern 
capital  of  an\- amount  in"  city  or  country  prop- 
erty, or  in  mortgages  paying  7  per  cent,  interest 
net.  with  security  at  least  double  the  amount  of 
loan. 

We  refer  with  permission  to  the  Farmers 
and  Merchants  Bank,  and  First  National  Bank, 
Los  Angeles. 

Correspontleiice  Solicited. 

PARKER   &  GOTTSCHALK 

r.  M.  mcME.... 

102  SOUTH  SPRING  ST 

LOS  ANGELES. 
Has  a  very  large  line  of 

5terli9($  5iluer  JVouelties 

Snitwble  for  Holiday  Gifts.     It  will  pay  yon 
to  call  and  see  the  line  before  you  buy. 

H^    I4V     MORROW      (English  Htouse) 
Importer  of  Murray  &  Co.'s  Celebrated 

^^*-^ CEYLON    TEAS 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealer  in 

TEAS,  COFFEES,  SPICES.  EXTRACTS, 

BAKING  POWDERS. 

Mail  orders  promptly  and  conscientiously  filltfd. 

C»16  W,  SIXTH  ST..  LOS  ANGELES. 

**<>r  ^Irte  Out-dotJT  Vl«w»  of  Choice 
Southern  California  Subjects 

CALL  ON    J— J   I   L  L    •     •    • 

The  Photographer. 

Pasadena,  Cal, 

LOS  ANGELES 

WOHAN'S  EXCHANGE 

SASyi  S.   BROADWAY 
Home-made  Cakes,  Bread,  Rolls,  Jellies,  Jams, 

Pichles. 

All  kinds  of  Useful  and  Fancy  Articles.     Spanish 

Drawn  Work    Mexican  Stamped  Leather. 

Art  Needlework. 

Indian  Baskets.  Indian  Blankets.  California 

Curios,  Souvenir  China,  Pressed' 

Wild  Flowers. 

-Mso,  the   Land  op  Sunshine  on  sale. 

OikOtnS    f*ROMPTLY    riLLCO    tH  ALL    DCPARTMCNT* 


ELSINORE  HOT  SULPHUR  SPRINGS 

Ei^inoT'e,  Riverside  Gd.,  CsA. 

The  best  springs  and  baths  on  the  Pacific 
Coast  Temprrature  of  water,  from  96  to  no  deg. 
Kotel  aild'  bath  house  under  one  roof;  in  the 
cent^  of  the  city;  all  kinds  of  mineral  water 
and  mu<l  baths.  The  worst  cases  of  rheumatism 
po.sittvely  cured.  Rales-,  baths  inclnded,  from 
*7  to >io  per  week.  Commercial  Travelers  will 
be  pleased  with  our  accommodation*. 

For  circulars  and  testimonials,  addVeh-s 

Hot  Springs  Hotel.  Eisinore,  Oal. 

E.  Z.  B^H^DY.  fR&P. 


Pleaie  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  tfie  tAitry  oP  StJwarw*." 


-■pire 


PURITY  1889-1896 

POPULARITY 
PRICE 

Are  the  Points  that  sell 

CORONADO  MINERAL 
WATER 

A  California  industry  of  seven  years' 
standing. 

For  present  prices  ask 
CORONADO  WATER  CO., 

CORONADO,  CAL. 

For  Quick   Delivery  in  Siphons, 

Bottles  or  Tanks,  you  can 

Telephone  to 
W.  L.  WHEDON, 

114  W.  First  St., 

Los  Angeles. 
HUTCHINS, 

38  E.  Colorado  St., 

Pasadena. 
C.  B.  RODE  &  CO., 
318  Battery, 

San  Francisco. 


SEGER  &  TETLEY 

LoRiNG  Opera  House  Block, 
Riverside,   Cal. 

REAL    ESTATE    AND    LOAN 

BROKERS 


One  Six- Acre  Orange  Grove,  solid  Wash- 
ington Navels,  four  years  old,  in  good  location, 
for  !)fil,.500.00. 


SEVERAL  OTHER  GOOD   BARGAINS 


ECHO    MOUNTAIN    HOUSE 

NEVER  CLOSES.  Best  of ser 
vice  the  year  round.  Purest  of  water, 
most  equable  climate,  vpith  best  hotel 
in  Southern  California.  Ferny  glens, 
babbling  brooks  and  shady  forests 
within  ten  minutes'  walk  of  the  house. 
Klectric  transportation  from  Echo 
Mountain  House  over  the  Alpine 
Division  to  Crystal  Springs.  The 
grandest  rnountain,  canon,  ocean  and 
valley  scenery  on  earth.  Livery 
stables  at  Echo  Mountain,  Altadena 
Junction  and  Crystal  Springs.  Special 
rates  to  excursions,  astronomical, 
moonlight,  searchlight  parties,  ban- 
quets and  balls.  Full  inlormation  at 
oflBce  of 

MOUNT   LOWE  RAILWAY, 

Cor.  Third  and  Spring  streets,  Los 
Angeles.  Grand  Opera  House  Block, 
Pasadena,  Cal.  Echo  Mountain  House 
PostoflBce,  Echo  Mountain,  California. 
View  of  the  City  on  the  Mountain,  and  of  the  Valley  from  the  Alpine  Division 
of  the  Mt.  Lowe  Bailway. 


MERRY  CHRISTMAS 


There's  no  getting  out  of  it  —  and  it  is  getting  near.  Already  you 
begin  to  think  what  you  must  give  your  friends,  and  what  you  can  give 
them. 

The  soul  of  Christmas  gifts  —  and  of  all  gifts  —  is  not  the  cost-mark 
but  the  appropriateness  and  availability  of  them. 

Can  you  think  of  anything  for  a  dollar  that  is  fitter  or  will  go  farther 
than  a  beautiful  monthly  magazine  ?  Almost  any  friend  you  have  would 
appreciate  it ;  and  every  month  your  Christmas  gift  will  come  new. 

There  are  many  magazines  of  many  merits  —  but  there  is  only  one 
magazine  in  the  world  which  is  in  and  of  and  for  God's  country  ;  only 
one  devoted  to  Southern  California  and  the  Southwest ;  only  one  imbued 
with  the  beauty  and  the  romance,  and  the  progress,  the  fresh,  free  West- 
ern spirit  combined  with  scholarship,  of  its  fascinating  field. 

That  one  is  the 

LAND  OF  SUNSHINE. 

It  is  only  $i.oo  a  year.  You  have  friends  for  whom  you  care  a  dollar's 
worth  —  and  you  couldn't  please  them  better  for  the  money. 

This  number  begins  the  Fourth  Volume  ;  so  it  is  a  good  time  to  begin. 
If  you  wish  to  send  the  magazine  for  a  year  as  a  Christmas  present,  send 
in  your  dollar  or  dollars  and  the  addresses  ;  and  with  the  first  number  we 
will  mail  to  your  friend  a  card  like  the  following,  properly  filled  out. 


poljday  greetings! 


S0I-S03    STIMSON    BUILDING 

LOS  ANGELES,   CAL. 


(Her*  your  friend't  uaiue 


uid  Mldren.) 
Your 


(rriaud  or  reUtive.)  (Your  own  aauie.) 

now  living  at has  subscribed  for  the 

(Your  poatoffiee  » 

LAND   OF  SUNSHINE  for  one  year  to  be  sent  to  you    as    a 
Christmas  present,  with  the  compliments  of  the  season. 

LAND  OF  SUNSHINE  PUBLISHING  CO. 


#( 


o 


Q 
Ul 

h. 

hi  2: 

►J  < 


o 

l»  o 


«»; 

a:     ^ 

h.       Q 

a:  "j; 
b  o 
o  tt: 
k  QOq 

z 


)* 


HAWLEY,    KING   &  CO 


FINE  CARRIAGES  AND 
BICYCLES 


210  NORTH  MAIN  STREET 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


THE  LocAri  Berry 

Big:  AH  a  Blackberry, 

Red  a8  a  Raspberry. 

Karlier  than  iiither. 

THE   NAVEL  ORANGE  OF  THE  BERRY  FAMILY 

PLANTS   FOR   SALE. 

U  M.  M.  BRISTOL.  East  Highlands,  Cat. 


TOP  OF  THE  KITE- 

Shaped  Track,  Santa  F6  Route, 
«^    is  beautiful  HOTEL  MENTONE. 
■^    Grand    view,    overlooking    Red- 
lands,  Highlands,  San  Bernardino 
and  Colton.   A  warm,  sunny  spot. 
Don't  fail  to  visit  it. 


CAMPBELLS  CURIO  STORE 


Indian  Baskets 

AND 

Navajo  Blankets 

A 
SPECIALTY. 


325  South  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles 

Make  no  mistake  in  the  number. 


HEADQUARTERS  FOR 

liflp, 


HEXICAN  HAND-CARVED  LEATHER  GOODS,  ^a^e  in  store  by 

*  SeSorFlorkntinoCbrvantkz 


THE  C^TEWART 

FIRST-CLASS  SaN   BERNARDINO,   Cal. 

IN 
EVERY  0  O  O  0  O 
PARTICOLAR 

i6  Suites  with  private  baths.     A  favorite  resort 
for  Tourists  and  Commercial  Men. 

RATES,    $2.00    TO    $3.00    PER    DAY 
>  ree  'Bus  to  and  from  all  trains. 

MAX  ERKES  A  CO.,   Propr)CTOR6. 


\\ot2\  Oriel, 


Cor.  Market 

and  Franklin 
San  Francisco. 

A  nigh-class  family  hotel.  Beautifully  furnished 
rooms,  en  suite  or  single.  Sun  all  day.  Excellent 
cuisiue.    Good  service.    Terms  reasonable. 


Dr.  Piarce't  Galvanic 
CHAIN  BELT 

A  perfect  Electric  Body- 
Bftttery  for  conng  Ohronie 
Weaknew  or  diteaae  ot  mala 
»r  female.  It  i  mparU  tlgor 
•nd  ttretiKth  where  medicinea 
fail.  "  Pamphlkt  Ifo.  2  "  contain*  full 
iDformation.  Write  for  it.  Addreaa  : 
MAONETIC  BU8T10  TRUSS  CO., 
703  Sacramento  St.,  San  Pranciaoo.  f,  W.  Baaov  k  Co.,  Whole- 
dale  Afenta,  Loe  Angelei. 


YOU'RE     COMING,     ^RE     YOU 

EVERYBODY    ELSE     IS. 


NOT? 


WELL  WHEN  YOU  GET  HERE  ^°"  ^'^^  ^^^*  "^^^  °^  ^^^  services  of  a  reliable  Real  Estate  firm, 
i  (See  references.)  We  make  a  specialty  of  High  Class  lios  An- 
geles and  Pasadena  City  Property.  Solid  Business  Openings  for  Business  Men,  Orange 
Groves,  Walnut,  Olive,  Deciduous  Fruit  Orchards,  Alfalfa  Ranches— in  fact,  we  sift  out  the  choicest 
propositions  and  offer  you  only  the  best.     CAL,Ii  ON  US  WHEN  YOU  GET  HERE. 


Referencs  (By  Permission) : 


IvOS  Angeles  National  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Merchants'  National  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Allen  Bros.  Wholesale  Grocers,  Omaha,  Neb 
Ex-Gov.  W.  R.  Merriam,  St.  Paul.  Minn. 


MOORE  &  PARSONS, 

Real  Estate  and  Investment  Brokers, 


S.  E.  COR.  2ND  AND   BROADWAY 


LOS   ANGEES,    C  AL. 


SAMUEL  B.  ZIMMER 


ROBERT  C.  REAMER 


Rooms  44,  45,  46 

Lawyers  Block 


San  Diego,  California 


On  the  Sunny  South  Slope^— 

Of  tne  Sierra  Madre  mountains,  overlooking  the  beautiful  town-dotted 
San  Gabriel  Valley,  is  where 

^.^SIERRA  MADRE  VILLA 

The  most  charming  resort  in  the  foothills,  is  situated.  To  get  there  take  Santa  Fe 
train  leaving  Los  Angeles  at  9  a.  m.  or  4  p.  m.  for  Lamanda  Park,  where  the 
Villa  'bus  will  be  waiting. 

Q.    T.    C.    HOLDEN,    flanager,    (For  five  years  with  the  Raymond.) 

Lamanda  Park  P.  O.,  Gal. 


THERE  IS  A 

Medicinal  Touch 

In  the  air  along  the  Sierra  Madre  foot-hills  that  all  can  feel,  but  none  can  describe.  At  the  foot  of 
Mt.  Wilson,  with  a  view  that  extends  to  Catalina  Island  out  in  the  broad  Pacific,  is  located  that 
charming  health  resort 

Sierra  Madre  Sanitarium 

Wm.   p.    MaNSFIEIvD, 

Manager. 


Dr.  Chas.  Lke  King, 

Medical  Superintendent. 


Lamanda  Park  P.  O.  and  Station,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  California. 


Please  meatioo  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  I^and  of  Sunshinb." 


35  PEK  C£NT.  GREATICB  THAN    1894. 

The  Bank  clearances  for  the  week  ending  Nov. 
2,  as  reported  by  the  I.os  Angeles  Clearing-house^ 
are  :  Exchanges  11,160,569.28  ;  balances $214,960.98. 
The  amounts  for  the  corresponding  week  of  last 
year  were:  Exchanges,  $903,783,27;  balances, 
l'37i5i9-32.  This  shows  an  increase  of  over  28J^ 
per  cent,  for  this  week  over  that  of  last  year. 

The  total  business  for  the  month  of  October 
was:  Exchanges,  $5,316,344.96;  balances,  $821,- 
S82.02.  These  figures  show  even  a  larger  pro- 
portionate increase  over  the  corresponding 
month  of  1894  than  is  shown  in  the  above  weekly 
comparison.  The  figures  for  October,  1894,  are  : 
Exchanges,  $3,932,686.15;  balances,  $677,645.75. 
This  shows  the  increase  for  the  month  just  ended 
to  be  more  than  35  per  cent,  greater  than  that  of 
October,  1894. 


Security  Savings  Bank 

AND  TRUST  CO. 

148  SOUTH  MAIN   ST.,   near  sccono. 
Capital  and  Surplus     -        -    SI 30,000.00 


OFFICERS  : 

J.  F.  Sartori,  Prest.  Maurice  S.  Hellman,  V-P. 

W.  D.  Long  YEAR,  Cashier. 

directors : 

H.  W.  Hellman,      J.  F.  Sartori,    W.  L.  Graves, 

H.  J.  Fleishman,    C.  A.Shaw,      F.  O.  Johnson, 

J.  H.  Shankland,    J.  A.  Graves.    M.  L.  Fleming, 

"       '"  ^    -»-..  W.  D.  Longyear". 


Maurice  S.  Hellman, 


Five  per  cent,  interest  paid  on  Term  Deposits. 
Three  per  cent,  on  Ordinary  Deposits. 

MONEY  LOANED  ON  REAL  ESTATE 


OLDKST  AMD  LARGEST  BANK   IN  SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 

Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank 

OF  LOS   ANGELES,   CAL. 

Capital  (paid  up)      -        -      $500,000.00 
Surplus  and  Reserve  -        -    820,000.00 


Total 


$1,320,000.00 


^&Wi/i^ 


OFFICERS  : 

I.  W.  Hellman President 

H.  W.  Hellman Vice-President 

Henry  J.  Fleishman Cashier 

G.  A.  J.  Hbimann Assistant  Cashier 

DIRECTORS : 

W.  H.  Perry,  C.  E.  Thom,  J.  B.  Lankershim, 
O.  W.  Childs,  C.  Duccommun,  T.  L.  Duque, 
A.  Glaslell,  H.  W.  Hellman,  I.  W.  Hellman. 
Sell  and  Buy  Foreign  and  Domestic  Exchange. 

Special  Collection  Department. 

Correspondence  Invited. 


OF  LOS  ANGELJfiS. 


Capital  Stock 


$400,000 


Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits  over   '   230,000 

.  M.  Elliott,  Prest.,  W.G.  Kerckhoff,  V.Pres 

Frank  A.  Gibson,  Cashier. 

G.  B.  Shaffer,  Assistant  Cashier. 

directors: 

.  M.  Elliott,  F.  Q.  Story,        J.  D.  Hooker, 

.  D.  Bicknell.      H.  Jevne,  W.  C.  Patterson 

W.  G.  Kerckhoff. 

No  public  funds  or  other  preferred  deposits 

received  by  this  bank. 


Paid  Up  Capital,  S500,000 


Transacts  a  general  Banking  Business.  Buys 
and  sells  Foreign  and  Domestic  Exchange.  Col- 
lections promptly  attended  to.  Issues  letters  of 
credit.  Acts  as  Trustees  of  Estates,  Executors, 
Administrators,  Guardian,  Receiver,  etc.  Solicits 
accounts  of  Banks,  Bankers,  Corporations  and 
Individuals  on  favorable  terms.  Interest  on 
lime  deposits.    Safe  deposit  boxes  for  rent. 


^7-6  — 

Officers :  H.  J.  Woollacott.  President  ;  James 
F.  Towell.  I st  Vice-President ;  Warren  Gillelen, 
2nd  Vice-President ;  T.  W.  A.  Off,  Cashier  ;  M.  B. 
I^ewis,  Assistant  Cashier. 

Directors :  G.  H.  Bonebrake,  W.  P.  Gardiner, 
P.  M.  Green,  B.  F.  Ball.  H.  J.  Woollacott,  James 
F.  Towell,  Warren  Gillelen,  J.  W.  A.  OflF,  F.  C. 
Howes,  R.  H.  Howell,  B.  P.  Porter. 


M.  W.  8TIM8ON,  Pre«t.  C.  8.  CB.18TY,  Vice-Prest,  W.  E.  McVay,  Secy. 

FOR  GOOD  nORTGAQE  LOANS 


AND    OTHKM    SArC    INVKSTMCNTS. 
WRITK   TO 


Security  Loan  and  Trust  Company 


CAPITAL  $200,000 


223  South  Spring  Street,  Lx)S  Angeles,  Cal. 


PleaBe  tneiition  Uiak  you  "saw  It  in  the  Lamd  of  Buiisbiivb.' 


THE    CHICAGO    LIMITED 


PULLMAN'S 

NEWEST 

PALACES 


HARVEY'S 

DINING  CAR 

SERVICE 


THE  QUICKEST  TRAIN  ACROSS  THE  CONTINENT 
RUNS  EVERY  DAY 

Leaves  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  8:00  p.  m.     Arrives  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  6:05  p.  m. 


10  MEDALS 
21   DIPLOMAS 


CA-RBO/NS 


Awarded  two  vgold)  medals  by  the  World's  Fair  convention  of  Photographers. 

The  highest  medals  offered  in  the  World's  Fair  year. 

Photography  in  its  most  artistic  forms,  from  a  small  miniature  to  life-size  portraits 

in   sepia  or  color. 

220  S.  SPRING  ST.,  opp.  L.  A.  Theatre  and  Hollenbeck. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  I<and  of  Sunshine. 


arm 


ixrinjxnjiJiJinjiriruiJxnjT-njxri/TJTJinjin^^ 

J.   M.  BARRIE 

miwir—m  iiii  u  iiimi M— mi— mu  Auttior  of  "The  Little  Minister,"  has 

^  ^pv||-j^  ipT-v<Q  I  just  completed  the  novel  upon  -which 

^V>l\l0lNCl\.^  I  tie  has  been  at  work  ever   since    the 

\A  \(^\  VI  MP  i  publication  of  that  famous  story. 

SCRIBNER'S 

Magazine  has  secured  it,  and  -will 
begin  it  in  serial  form  in  the  January- 
number,    under   the   title    of 

"  SENTIMENTAL    TOMMY.' 
Readers   of   the   Magazine  for   1895 
may    confidently   look  for  a  work  of 
greater  genius  and  po-wer  than  any- 
thing the  author  has  yet  done. 


ATLD 


PUBLISHED  MONTHLY 
WITH  ILLUSTRATIONS 


•CHARLES  SCRIBNEBS  SONS  NEW  YORK* 
S.^MR)CN  ICW  MARSIONtrCa  Lntu  UDNDON 


Subscription  ^3.00  a  year, 

Charles  Scribner's   Sons,    New   York, 

mjxr  UTTUxriJinjTj  u-injTJTJxnjTj  uiJT^ 


For  One  Dollar 

We  will  send  you  Stafford's  New  Magazine 
for  one  year,  and  besides  will  send  you  fifteen 
complete  books  for  a  premium— the  whole  fifteen 
books  in  fifteen  separate  volumes  (handy  pocket 
size,  bound,  not  trashy  pamphlets),  are  sent  you 
by  mail,  postage  prepaid,  as  soon  as  your  sub- 
scription IS  received.  In  addition  to  this  you  get 
the  magazine  (chock  full  of  good  home  and 
general  reading),  once  every  month  for  twelve 
months. 

The  premium  books  which  you  receive  all  to- 
gether at  once  when  you  subscribe,  are  as  follows: 
The  Scarlet  Letter,  by  Nathaniel  Hawthorne ; 
Under  the  Red  Flag,  by  Miss  M.  E.  Braddon  ;  King 
Solomon's  Mines,  by  H.  Rider  Haggard  ;  The 
Corsican  Brothers,  by  Alexander  Dumas;  The 
Black  Dwarf,  by  Sir  Walter  Scott ;  A  Noble  Life, 
by  Miss  Mulock  ;  A  Study  in  Scarlet,  by  A.  Conan 
Doyle  ;  The  Sea  King,  by  Captain  Marryat  ;  The 
Siege  of  Granada,  by  Sir  E.  Bulwer  Lytton  ; 
Mr.  Meeson's  IVill,  by  H.  Rider  Haggard  ;  The 
Wandering  Heir,  by  Charles  Reade ;  No  Thor- 
ough/Are,  bv  Charles  Dickens  and  Wilkie  Collins  ; 
The  Great  Hoggarty  Diamond,  by  W.  M.  Thacke- 
ray ;  The  Surgeon's  Daughter,  by  Sir  Walter 
Scott,  and  Treasure  Island,  by  Robert  Louis 
Stevenson. 

Send  onedollar  for  Stafford's  New  Magazine 
lor  one  year,  and  all  of  these  fifteen  great  books 
will  be  sent  to  you  by  return  mail.  The  Magazine 
will  follow  month  by  month  for  twelve  months — 
but  you  get  the  premium  books,  all  of  them,  right 
away.  Remit  by  P.  O.  Order,  Registered  Letter 
or  Express  at  our  risk.  Address, 
H.  STAFFORD,  Publisher, 

Stafford's  New  Magazine, 

io6-io8  Pulton  Street, 
Box  2264.  New  York,  N.  Y. 

49"  Please  mention  this  magazine.  "^Jt 


ONLY  DIRECT  IMPORTERS  OF 


:^IJP-IO-lrfl 


tOWAPDS 
,(^f.lOnNSON 

LOS- 

a\nr; 


:mi*  ^ 


^  Send  for  up-to-date  Catalogue,  just  issued, 

£I>WAUI>S  A  JOHNSON, 
IIU  North  Main  Street,    Los  Angeles. 


Plesse  mention  that  you  "  mw  it  in  the  Laud  of  Stthbhzmb." 


DO  YOU  WANT  A  HOflE 


IN  ONTARIO  ? 

"The  Model  Colony" 

of  Southern  California 


ORANGE  GROVES  we  have 

LEMON  GROVES  soud  banks 

^^  -r^^^     ^-^  ^ .   ^  ^^  FIRST-CLASS  HOTELS 

WEHAVE        OLIVE  ORCHARDS  ,,^„,,,  „,„, 

GOOD  i,AND  APRICOT  ORCHARDS  eiecmc  ry. 

GOOD  WATER  PEACH  ORCHARDS  complete 

GOOD  SCHOOLS 

PRUNE  ORCHARDS  sewer 

GOOD  CHURCHES  ±^^J~yJ^   \^ ±.^y^J.±^x:\.J^yj 

GOOD  SOCIETY  ALMOND  ORCHARDS       ^^"™" 


In  ^,  ]o,  20,  or  40-Acre  Tracts 

At  reasonable  prices  and  on  terms 
to  suit  purchasers. 


For  full  information  and  descriptive  pamphlet,  write  to 

HANSON  &  CO., 

Or,  122  Pall  Mall,  London,  England.  OlltariO,     Califomia 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshinb." 


Cr  PECIAL  ATTENTION  is  caUed  to 
^^  the  very  attractive  line  of  new 
(C5Jl  vehicles  oflFered  in  our  No.  6i,  all 
^  leather  top  Bug^gy  ;  our  No.  44 
Phaeton,  and  our  No.  234  Canopy-top 
Surrey,  made  by  the  Enterprise  Carriage 
Mfg.  Co.,  of  Miamisburg,  O.  Ahead o(  all 
competition  ;  being  low  in  price,  but  ue?t 
in  finish  and  app>earance,  and  can- 
not fail  to  give  entire  satisfaction. 
This    factory    proposes    to    keep  Q. 

ahead  in  the  march  of 
improvement,  and  to 
give  best  value  for  the 
money. 

Write  us.  All  in- 
quiries cheerfully  an- 
swered. 

Address : 


MATHEWS 
IMPLEMENT 
CO.. 

120,   122  and   124  South  Los  Angreles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Rates  83. OO  and  S2.60 
per  day. 

Liberal  Reduction  to  Permanent  Guests. 


|)ou$e 

San  DIeao 


DEL  SUR  RANCH  CO 

(Incorporated.)    Owners  of  1440  acres 
of  the  best  foot-hill 


ALMOND 


LAND 


OLIVE 


in  Southern  California,  will  plant  for  themselves, 
this  winter,  from  three  to  four  hundred  acres  to 
Almonds  and  Olives.  They  will  sell  some  of 
their  land,  plant  and  care  for  it  until  in  bear- 
ing, on  very  liberal  co-operative  terms. 

flimond  Eioni  and  Olive  Teo  semi-AnnuQi  Payments. 

This  makes  it  easy  to  acquire  a  valuable  income- 
producing  property.  An  income  sure  to  increase 
with  age.  The  whole  plan  is  full  j^  explained  in  a 
circular  to  be  had  free  on  application  to  the  office 
of  the  DEL  SUR  RANCH  CO.,  1227  Trenton  Street, 
LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.,  or  (one  of  the  owners) 


GEO.  EAKINS, 


930  Chestnut  St., 
PHILADELPUIA, 


PA. 


New  York,  Philadelphia,  and  I^os  Angeles 
Reference. 


SUNNY  ROOMS 

CENTER  OF  CITY 
TABLE  UNSURPASSED 


W.  E.  HADLEY, 

PROPRIETOR. 


'osAnMLC^5 


"^  ENGRAVING  (p. 

CNCRWIN6S  FOR  mt  PRINIINO  PRESS. 
^O^Jt^  MAIN  5T/,g^^g^^g5^^^ 


Old  Gold  wd 
Silver  bought 


CARL  ENTENMANN 

Manufacturing  Jeweler 

...Mflfflood  seller  ond  Eoorover 


Rtt^  <le«critition  of  fJold 
•nl  Sliver  Jewelry  made 
to  nrier  or  repaired 
Cold  and  Silver  School  and  Society  BAdgei  A  Medals  a  »pccialty 

nOOMS   S,    4  AND   T   UP  •TAINS 

217^  South  Spring  Street,  Lot  Angeles,  Cal. 


THE  PRESS  CLIPPING  BUREAU 

OUARANTEH8    PROMPT,   ACCURATE   AND 
RELIABLE    SERVICE. 

Supplies  notices  and  clippinss  on  any  subject 
from  all  periodicals  on  the  Pacific  Coaet,  business 
and  personal  clippings,  trade  news,  advance 
reports  on  all  contract  works. 

LOS  ANGELES  OFFICUIO  WEST  SECOND  MET 


■c  mention  that  yon  "  aaw  it  in  the  Lakd  of  SuimaxxTV.' 


SEE    OUR    ADAMS 


TRACT 


A  new  School  House,  to  cost  $17,000.  is  being  built  in  the  tract.  Five  miles  of  graded  streets.  Halt 
a  hundred  homes  built  in  six  months  A  new  Church,  one  of  the  finest  in  the  city,  is  now  being 
erected  on  this  property.  Visit  this  property  and  compare  it  with  other  tracts.  Our  prices  are  $300 
to  |i,ooo  on  easy  terras.  A  Double  Electric  Line  runs  through  the  tract.  Take  the  Vernon  cars,  corner 
Second  and  Spring  streets.  Twelve  minutes'  ride  from  the  business  center.  We  have  Ranches  and 
Farming  Lands,  Orange,  Lemon  and  English  Walnut  Groves,  eity  property.  For  views  of  the 
tract,  maps  and  all  information,  write  or  call  en 

GRIPER  &  DOW,   139  South  Broadway. 


JEVNE 


BMSSSSMSSMMgS^lSSll 


wH0x.8SAr.g      Q   ROGER 


RETAIL 


IMPORTER   OF 


English,   French,   German  and   Italian    TABLE    LUXURIES 

Goods  packed  and  delivered  at  depot  free  of  charge,  and 
satisfaction  guaranteed. 

136  and  T38  NORTH   SPARING  STTRKKT 


W.  Q.  WALZ   COMPANY 


-INCORPORATED- 


FINE  OPALS. 


B.  BURNELL,  Manager. 
321  SOUTH  SPRING  ST.,  LOS  ANGELKS 

Mexican  Art  Goods  and  Curiosities 

COLLECTORS   OF   ANTIQUES    AND   ALL   KINDS   OF   SOUVENIRS. 

CARVED   LEATHER   WORK.  INDIAN   BASKETS  AND  BLANKETS. 

to^HOL-ESKI-B     HMD      RETHIL-, 

Come  and  see  Se5Jor  Vargas  Machuca  at 
his  work  modeling  figurines  representing 
every  phase  of  Mexican  life  and  costumes. 


Visitors  Welcome  to  Our  Museum 


We  have  Curiosity  Stores  at  El  Paso,  Texas  ;  Ciudad  Juarez,  Mexico,  and  City  of  Mexico. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


'We  Sell  the  Earth" 


.VVTM/C^ 


BASSETT  &  SMITH 


ARp    you     f'Ookiug  for  a  Home?    Are  you  looking  f 
an  Investment?     Do  you  want  to  locate 


for 

you  want  to  locale  in 

one  of  the  Finest  Spots  on  this  Earth?  Our  opinion  is 

that  that  spot  is  the  POMONA  VAL,I.EY.     There  may 

be  equals,  but  no  superiors. 

We  have  for  sale  in  this  valley  and  elsewhere,  Olive 
Orchards,  L.emon  Orchards,  Orange  Orchards,  also 
orchards  of  Prune,  Peach,  Plum,  etc.,  «'tc..  large  or 
small;  also  Stock  Ranches,  Bee  Ranches,  and  large 
tracts  of  Land  for  Colony  purpose.  We  believe  the  OL,IVE  INDUSTRY  will  make  one 
of  the  best  paying  investments  on  this  coast      We  now  have  for  sale  the  noted 

Houiland  Olive  Ranch  and    Olive  Oil  Plant 

150  Acres  with  fine  Olive  Oil  Mill,  income  last  year  over  $8,000.      For  Information  or  Descrip- 
tive Matter  about  California  or  any  of  her  industries,  call  on  or  address 


BASSETT  5c   SMITH 


Pomona,  Cal 


fnONTGOmERY   BROS., 

Jeuiclsfs  and   Silversmiths, 

120.122   Noi<th  Spring   St.,       j,^,^.^   ,„,j   //„. 
Lios  Angeles 


Rich  m  Crystal 

iVc   .U-ll  ln,l    one    nujL-    ofcut 

q  /.f  /.; /  //  c    rk -.'.f  u- /,•  .-.*  .;  la  /'. .         76' t> 

<>///. 'v  niii/sc  oj  ijLr/.t  cijtuil.y  it,  in 
t'nc  ijnaliltf  and  ptncnc/A  of  the 
.//<7/.'t,  the  Luutli/  of  the  X'Ai,jnd, 
07    the  fiiieiir/.')    of  It.s    eiittinq. 

*'\\  e  have  all  the  new  pottexn.s, 
iF/iif     the     ri  I  '  r.  el [j    ,1  \*  a  </ 

ilown,  ^o  low  that  .  ul  ,/.'.r/.  ,  ,rn  he 
u.scd  Ay   cvextjone . 

'Vv«?   would    lihe     i/ou     to     look 


iMease  mention  thst  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  op  Sumshinr." 


LiLi  THH  YEfll^    KOUflD 


May  and  June 
.  Weather 


Hotel  del  Coronado 


Golden,  Sunny  Days 


A  dry,  delicious,  sea  air ;  all  the  home  comforts  in  a 
fairyland  palace ;  charming 
people;  delightful  surround- 
ings ;  no  end  of  entertainment, 
all  these  and  a  thousand  more 
delights  are  to  be  found  at 

Hotel  del  Coronado 

Coronado  Beach,  San  Diego  Co.,  California. 

(lyos  Angeles  Agency,  129  N.  Spring  St.) 


Please  mention  tnat  you  "saw  it  in  the  IvAND  op  Sunshine." 


iUSJ 


Vol.  IV,    No.  2rUiri7F1t^J    JHNUKRV,  1B96 

HRISTMTO  and  NEW  YEAR'S 


0 


CENTS      LAND  OF  SUNSHINE  PUBLISHING  CO., 

INCORPORATED 

A   COPY  501-503  5tinison  Building:. 


$1 


A 


HOTEL   GHEEN,    PASADENA,    CAL. 


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f8 


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LflS  GflSITflS  SftNlTflRIUM 


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2,000  feet.  Most  equable  climate  in  Southern  Cal- 
ifornia .  Pure  mountain  water,excellent  cuisine  ; 
easily  reached  by  Terminal  R.  R.  and  short  car- 
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\ 


THE    LANDS    Or   THE    SUN    EXPAND    THE    SOUL* 


VOL.  4,  No.  2. 


LOS  ANGELES 


JANUARY,  1896 


Spanish  Drawn -Work. 


Br  AUGUSTS   WBY. 


ALL  the  stitches  and  patterns  which  are 
illustrated  in  this  article  are  part  of  a 
historical  series  collected  in  Los  Angeles, 
grouped,  studied  and  compared  with  sim- 
ilar or  dissimilar  patterns  to  be  found  upon 
the  Indian  coras  or  baskets  which  form  so 

famous  a  part  of  the  commerce,  literature 
and  traditions  of  both  Upper  and  Lower 
California.      Both  the  coras  and  drawn- 
work   patterns    have    also    been    studied 
together  in  relation  to  the  historic  laces  of 
the  disputed  "Edelweiss"  of  Valenciennes;  the  rose-point 
archaic   Maltese ;    Chantilly,    Mechlin   and   Honiton ;    the 
in   vestments,  and  the  secular  ones  which 


the  world 

of  Venice 

ecclesiastical   designs  used 

heighten  even  cuffs,  "by  Van  Dyck." 

The  collection  represented  by  the  illustrations  was  made,  not  at  all  as 
a  study  in  the  literature  of  the  work  basket  and  sewing  room,  but  as  a 
"  contribution  to  ethnology,"  and  as  such  was  sent  for  criticism  to  Mr,  Otis 
T.  Mason,  Curator  of  Ethnology  in  the  National  Museum  at  Washington. 
In  one  of  the  reports  lately  sent  me,  I  find  "  The  Little  Jesus  "  stitch  with 


l.jrr^'^ 

^^ 

■^^^^ 

' 

nm^m 

wmmfm 

^ 

L  A.  Enf .  Co  A  PITA   VEIL, 

Owocd  by  Mra.  ShtnaaQ  Houghton. 
Copyricbt  ISW  by  Uod  of  Soatbint  Pabliabiaf  Co. 


Photo,  by  B«rtr«Dd. 


52 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


which  the  collection  was 
commenced  set  down  grave- 
ly as  such  a  contribution, 
and  numbered  "  25019." 

An  exhibition  of  these 
stitches  and  patterns,  pin- 
ned with  a  lemon  thorn 
upon  orange,  lemon  and 
white  silks,  was  planned 
for  the  World's  Fair  at 
Chicago,  and  instructions 
are  now  in  the  hands  of 
many  perfiladoras  *  to  pre- 
pare such  an  ethnological 
exhibition  for  the  City  of 
Mexico,  and  make  it  as 
complete  as  possible. 

It  has  been  the  good 
fortune  of  this  collected 
"woman's  work  "  to  attract 
the  interest  of  men  —  than 
which  perhaps  there  could 
be  found  for  it  no  more 
complete  justification.  My 
instructions  to  the  novice 

L.  A.  Kng.  Co.  Photo,  by  Crandall,  Pasadena,    who    bcgS,     like     Ajax,     for 

VICTORIA.  ,,  f.     -,  ^  ,,  i  1  •    -u  .L 

Offlciai  Perfiladora  of  San  Gabriel.  more  light        by  WhlCh  tO 

understand  the  mysteries  of  the  "drawn"  threads,  have  often  been  the 
following :  First :  Take  a  piece  of  coarsely  woven  cloth  (because  you 
always  prefer  a  heroic-sized  needle),  and  draw  out  from  it  certain  threads. 


L.  A.Eng.  Co. 
•  Drawn -work  makers. 


AH  OLD  FRENCH   WEDDING  DRESS. 


Photo,  by  Bertrand. 


SPANISH    DRAWN-WORK. 


53 


If  you  are  exact,  remember  the  perfiladora' s  ordinary  rule  is  to  draw  five 
such  threads  and  leave  six.  Second :  Draw  out  others  at  right  angles  to 
the  first.  Take  the  result  of  ^-our  labor  of  Hercules  to  the  most  feminine 
woman  of  your  acquaintance  who  will  permit  you  to,  and  ask  her  to  put 
in  the  design  while  you  watch  the  needle.  This  on  her  part  need  not 
include  a  technical  education,  but  only  that  knowledge  without  which  a 
woman  ceases  to  be  interesting. 

The  perfiladora  who  made  the  patterns  illustrated  here  is  Maria  Mesa, 
commended  to  me  by  Don  Antonio  Coronel.  In  his  own  handwriting  I 
still  have  the  first  record  of  the  researches  through  Los  Angeles  of  Maria, 
Doiia  Mariana  and  myself ;  a  record  made  at  his  house  on  Central  avenue, 
amid  much  laughter,  an  occasional  strophe  upon  the  guitar,  and  much 
travel  up  and  down  the  museum  stairs  after  the  rose  of  Castile  in  some 
other  Spanish  design,  or  a  journey  up  to  the  oratory   containing  the 


L.  A.  Kof.  Co. 


A  COLLECTION  OF  DRAWN-WORK.        Photo,  by  Crindall,  P»i«d«n». 


54 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


"  little  Jesus, "  taken  more  than  once 
by  Doiia  Mariana  from  the  Madonna's 
arms  as  a  punishment  for  her  non- 
intercession  ;  a  fact  to  which  the  pages 
of  Ramona  still  bear  testimony. 

I  remember  the  unquestioningcre- 
dence  I  gave  to  the  crossed  Little  Jesus, 
"and  the  uncrossed  Little  Joseph," 
and  the  distressingly  apparent  in- 
credulity with  which  I  received  the 
"Little  Tobias,"  and  wrote  it  down  at 
Don  Antonio's  dictation.  "And  why 
not  the  little  Timoteo,  and  the  little 
Ezequiel  and  Enriquito,  and  the  little 
Salomon  ?  And  Jeremias  and  Grego- 
rio,  Godofredo  and  Ambrosiof'' 

"But  no,"  said  both  Maria  and 
Mariana,  unsmilingly ;  "there  are  no 
perfilados  with  any  of  those  names, 
and  every  woman  knows  the  '  Little 
Tobias'  as  she  knows  the  Pleiades." 

This  is  not  the  place  for  the  ethnol- 
ogical comparisons  which  are  so  fasci- 
nating when  you  know  you  know 
nothing  of  Mexican  and  Peruvian 
pottery,  but  are  at  liberty  to  conjecture 
anything ;  nor  for  the  technical  ex- 
planation of  relindos,  single  or  double, 
or  the  hemstitches,  elaborate  darning 
and  buttonholing,  in  which  Maria 
delights  and  excels.  Gradually  one 
learns  to  know  the  petals  of  the  cin- 
namon flower  and  the  anise  flower 
stitch,  and  the  rather  disappointing 
Rose  of  Castile.  You  will  become 
expert  in  the  recognition  of  the  abanico 
or  fan  (furled  or  unfurled),  which 
Hercules  is  warned  in  his  study  not  to 
confound   with    the    hour    glass,    by 


Union  Eng.  Co. 

THE.  MOST  FAMOUS  STITCHES— I. 


NAMES  OF  STITCHES,   PLATE  I. 

I.  "  Concha  "  (shell)  with  border  of  "  Ojito 
de  rana  "  (eye  of  the  frog). 

II.  "Double  Relindo;"  "Abanico"  (fan) 
with  "  Culebra  "  (serpent). 

III.  "Sal-si-puedes"  (Come-out-if-you-can  ; 
maze  or  labyrinth). 

IV.  Santa  Barbara. 

V.  "Jesusito"   (lyittle Jesus)  with  "solecito" 
(little  sun). 

VI.  '-Abanico"   (fan)  with  "garrapata" 
(tick). 

VII.  "  Pimiento"  (Pepper). 

VIII.  "  Pimiento"  (Pepper),  No.  2. 


SPANISH    DRAWN-WORK. 


55 


which  possibly  his  egg  is  boiled  and  which  it  so  closely  resembles  in  shape. 
Puzzling  also  are  the  innumerable  combinations  of  those  patterns  you 
have  already  learned  separately.  There  is  the  "serpent"  with  the 
"  roses  ;  "  the  "spider  "  with  the  "  bean."  The  "  Little  Jesus"  figures 
upon  one  scarlet  pillow  in  combination  with  the  "  sun"  in  the  heavens, 
and  on  the  next  with  the  design  set  gravely  down  as  "the  eye  of  a  frog." 
This  pattern  of  the  "Jesusito"  is  entered  always  in  the  collection  under 
consideration  with  the  record  of  the  orthodoxy  of  "  Padre  Joaquin  "  of 


.a:;!:^'^ 


<av»y- 


^\%\v.^\y>-:; 


k",V«>V^  A»  ^-''a^ 


»>*« 


^«a«:^*K*^«^*H«^«S   fJiJll 


U  8&  S8 

»  S8 :» 
a  is  8 


.^f^#W*W»W»W*«»T«fffl    ■     ^     M    M     'M     S 


g5l?a*^*IS*25 


Union  Kng. 


THE  MOST  FAMOUS  STITCHES— II. 


IX.  "  Laa  CabriUas '»  (The  Pleiades). 

X.  "  Triguito  grande  "  (big  wheat). 

XI.  "Cuadritos  y  flor  de  canela  "  (Court  and  cinnamon  flower) 

XII.  "Daditos"(dice). 

XIII.  "  I^entejita  y  telarafla  "  (Bean  and  Spider's  web). 
XIIII.  "  Lentejita  "  (Bean). 

XV.  "  Perfilado  de  Roaitas  "  (drawn-work  of  KoMs). 

XVI.  "  Rositafl  y  culebra  "  (Interwoven  roses  and  serpent). 


56  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

the  Mission  San  Gabriel.  I  had  explained  to  him  the  current  county 
tradition  that  two  of  its  threads  make  over  it  the  sign  of  the  cross,  and 
he  had  listened  courteously  to  the  explanation,  and  then  said  :  "  Puede 
ser  !  But  then  the  Los  Angeles  perfiladora  has  got  to  learn  making  the 
correct  sign  of  the  Roman  cross."  This  clever  suggestion  leads  back 
easily  from  San  Gabriel  to  Constantinople,  the  Greek  schism  itself  and 
the  strange  feud  in  words  for  which  so  many  men  have  bravely  died. 

The  lore  of  all  the  sixty-eight  numbered  designs  of  this  collection  is 
led  by  that  of  the  ''Jesusito''  stitch,  suggesting  the  literature  of  Italy 
and  Spain,  and  the  art  of  every  gallery  of  the  world.  From  many 
pictures  the  "Little  Jesus  "  of  Pinturicchio  has  been  selected  for  associ- 
ation with  California  Mission  art.  This,  we  read,  is  an  example  of  the 
Umbrian  school  ;  and  to  Umbria  we  owe  Saint  Francis  of  Assisi  and  the 
religious  element  of  the  pioneer  civilization  of  California  and  Spanish 
America  in  general. 

Grouped  with  the  "  Jesusito  "  are,  of  course,  first,  the  "  Little  Joseph," 
and  next  the  "  Little  Tobias,"  though  our  State  nomenclature  seems  to 
hold  no  place  for  the  latter  except  on  the  pillows  of  the  women  who  draw 
these  mysterious  threads  with  their  irrevocable  associations. 

Next  these  three  in  favor  and  popularity  perhaps  rank  the  Pleiades, 
of  which  an  example  is  given  in  the  cuff  numbered  IX.  I  have  so  far 
discovered  no  trace  of  the  origin  of  this  pattern  or  the  meaning  of  its 
threads,  though  I  like  to  associate  it  with  Venegas  and  Hugo  Reid  in 
literature.  Venegas  records  as  one  of  the  constantly  recurring  directions 
of  the  sorcerers  or  hechiceros  to  the  Indian  people  they  controlled  **  not 
to  look  towards  the  Seven  Stars  in  the  heavens  above  their  heads,"  and 
according  to  Hugo  Reid  in  Los  Angeles  county  traditions,  seven  Indian 
women  who  once  carried  baskets  on  their  heads,  left  together  their  seven 
Indian  husbands  to  become  the  constellation,  called  in  the  language  of 
\h^  perfiladora  "  Las  Cabrillas,"  or  the  Pleiades. 

The  sal-si-puedes  (No.  Ill),  the  "  come-out-if-you-can,"*  or  labyrinth, 
taxes  the  skill  of  the  workwoman  by  its  avowed  combination  of  each 
separate  technical  difficulty,  and  I  preserve  certain  pieces  of  it,  accom- 
plished by  Victoria,  the  last  \w^\2M  perfiladora  of  San  Gabriel,  who  made 
it  to  n;y  order  with  much  pride  and  satisfaction,  and  to  my  dismay 
laundried  it  with  much  amole. 

Dice,  or  daditos  (No.  XII),  have  perhaps  unjustifiable  association  with 
the  Indian  gambling  boards,  such  as  form  the  crown  of  Mrs.  Jewett's 
well-known  basket  collection. 

The  cinnamon-flower,  ot  flor  de  canela  (No.  XI),  more  pleasing  as  a 
design  than  the  "  rose  of  Castile,"  may  or  may  not  have  connection  with 
the  cuadro  or  square  where  it  once  grew  —  maybe  to  form  material  for  a 
story  matching  Picciola  if  we  only  knew  it  in  the  Indian  dialect. 

The  ' '  great  wheat ' '  I  always  associate  with  the  old  Molino  or  mill  at 
San  Gabriel,  and  the  queue  of  "all  Los  ^^ngeles  "  waiting  to  have  the 


*  "Cape  San  Gabriel  de  las  Almejas  (Saint  Gabriel  of  the  Mussels),  a  promontory  so 
dreaded  by  all  navigators  on  this  coast,  that  they  have  named  it  Punta  desal  sipuedes 
or  Keep-off-if-you-cau.,"— Af^^w^/  Venegas  p.  23. 


SPANISH    DRAWN-WORK. 


57 


M^o  ground  before  the  Saturday's  vespers  and  the  Sunday's  dancing  of 
El  Son. 

The  tick  (No.  VI)  may  be  confounded  in  ethnology  not  only  with  the 
arafia  or  spider,  but  with  various  other  more  irrelevant  designs.  Nothing 
has  given  me  greater  trouble  than  determining  even  the  approximate  size 
at  which  this  same  garrapata  may  be  confounded  with  the  ojito  or  eye, 
without  inspiring  the  contempt  of  Maria  Mesa  ;  and  again,  at  what  point 
it  expands  radially  into  the  solcito  or  sun  ;  or  even  whether  certain 
radiating  lines  are  emitted  from  the  latter  or  are  an  anatomical  portion 
of  the  former  protean  shape. 

The  pepper  tree,  or  pimiento  (No.  VII),  probably  does  not  antedate  the 
Mission  San  Luis  Rey,  which  introduced  that  tree  itself,  according  to 
well-known  authorities,  and  belongs  to  what  might  be  called  the  "Not- 
tingham curtain  school,"  which  furnishes  the  venado  or  deer,  and  the 
gringa  to  basketry. 


L.  A    Eng.  Co. 


A    DRAWN-WORK  ALTAR-CLOTH   AT  CAMULOS. 


Photo,  by  C.  F.  L- 


The  bean  (No.  XIIII)  must  not  suggest /rijo/es,  but  the  lentejita  of  the 
Mission  gardens  and  the  pottage  of  lentils  exchanged  for  a  birthright  so 
long  ago. 

One  finds  the  serpent  accorded  most  disagreeable  prominence,  wander- 
ing through  the  roses  ;  intertwined  even  with  the  sticks  of  the  fan.  The 
fan  itself  is  combined  with  all  things,  and  suggests  all  the  associations  of 
Old  and  New  Spain. 

I  know  nothing  of  the  Santa  Barbara  pattern  except  that  it  exists. 

I  am  the  possessor  of  certain  East  Indian  patterns  for  comparison  with 
these  collected  in  Los  Angeles ;  owing  them  to  one  of  those  strictly  im- 
possible happenings  which  the  French  make  into  a  proverb,  and  we 
Americans  are  half  afraid  to  quote. 

The  third-story  balcony  in  which  I  was  writing  a  first  description  of 


58  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

these  stitches  commands  the  famous  old  port  of  San  Pedro  and  the  offing 
in  which  so  many  celebrated  vessels  have  waited  for  communication  with 
the  old  San  Gabriel  Mission  and  Los  Angeles,  While  I  was  wondering 
whether  it  was  the  "Aggie"  or  "La  Paloma  "  between  me  and  Point 
Fermin,  a  merchant  from  Bombay  or  Calcutta  came  to  the  lower  door, 
absolutely  bending  beneath  the  weight  of  the  exquisite  Bast  Indian 
drawn-work  which  he  carried  for  sale. 

I  have  seen  no  such  merchant  in  California  before  or  since.  For  com- 
parison with  the  "Rose  of  Castile"  I  bought  on  that  day"  the  East 
Indian  rose,"  and  for  the  culebra  or  serpent  which  undulates  so  distress- 
ingly from  Maria's  skillful  needle,  the  "slough  of  the  cobra"  enclosing 
as  a  border  this  same  East  Indian  rose.     From  this  merchant  I  have  also 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co.  INDIAN   PERFI LADORAS,   SAN   FERNANDO.      Photo,  by  Bertrand. 

the  East  Indian  "  shell  "  for  comparison  with  the  Spanish  concha,  and  a 
"sun  "  inserted  in  the  sky  over  the  finial  of  a  temple  which  is  almost 
identical  with  the  sotecito  of  Los  Angeles. 

To  the  collection  enriched  with  these,  have  also  been  added  the  stitches 
of  the  Turkish  empire,  made  to  order  in  Constantinople  through  Madame 
Zacaroff  of  the  Turkish  Compassionate  Fund  of  New  York. 

Each  of  these  patterns,  as  well  as  those  of  Russia  and  Fayal,  deserves 
a  monograph.  Each  of  them  is  a  redemption  from  the  imputed  tedious- 
ness  of  woman's  work. 

All  the  Spanish  stitches  and  designs  among  these  may  still  be  studied 
at  the  old  San  Gabriel  Mission,  where  Victoria  sits  on  the  clean-swept 
ground  holding  her  scarlet  cushion  under  the  clear  blue  sky,  and  Teodora, 
the  last  basket-maker,  weaves  to  order  the  cora  or  basket  made  of  almost 


WACHITA.  59 

the  last  rushes  of  that  mission,  famous  forever  in  our  history  as  the 
queen  of  the  whole  cordon.  Here  alone  with  these  last  of  the  Indians, 
learning  la  idioma  from  their  lips,  I  have  spent  many  of  my  happiest 
days  of  California  life.  Here  I  have  brought  the  Smithsonian  reports 
for  the  brightest  and  most  intelligent  of  annotation  ;  here,  while  Victoria 
drew  her  threads  or  filled  in  her  patterns  in  the  sunlight,  and  Teodora 
occasionally  relapsed  into  a  cigarette  rolled  from  the  coyote's  tobacco, 
Luisa,  the  last  capitana  of  the  tribe,  has  sung  for  me  the  last  songs  of 
her  people  in  a  rhythm  so  splendid  and  barbaric  that  only  the  score  of 
Carmen  could  be  for  a  moment  compared  to  it.  Here,  on  these  appointed 
days,  she  has  danced  within  the  clean-swept  patio  old  dances  which 
Andalusia  never  knew,  but  which  California  once  did,  in  the  Golden  Age. 
The  most  skillful  Spanish  musician  of  Los  Angeles  has  preserved  these 
songs,  and  I  hold  them  among  the  things  that  will  not  die. 

In  New  Spain,  this  drawing  of  certain  threads  for  the  pure  pleasure  of 
replacing  them,  was  a  passion  ;  and  I  often  used  to  say  to  Don  Antonio  : 
"  In  Spanish  Los  Angeles,  no  matter  how  suddenly  Othello  came  home 
to  smother  Desdemona,  he  would  have  been  reasonably  sure  of  finding 
her  and  her  pillow  waiting  together." 

Pasadena. 

Wachita. 

BY  JOHN    VANCE   CHENEY. 

Here's  to  Wachita,  out  in  the  West, 
Bright  as  the  poppy-blow  at  her  breast ; 

Here's  to  the  girl  of  the  gold  sunshine. 
Up  in  the  hills  where  the  winds  are  wine  ; 

Here's  to  gold-robin,  out  in  the  nest 
Molded  and  warmed  by  her  own  bird-breast ; 

Over  the  Rockies,  hey,  heart,  we  go 

Where  the  great  stars  drop,  and  the  poppies  blow. 

Ifewberry  Library,  Chicago. 


California  Car  Windows. 

BY   CHARLOTTE   PERKINS    STETSON. 

Lark-songs  ringing  to  heaven — 
Earth-light  clear  as  the  sky — 

Air  like  the  breath  of  a  greenhouse 
With  the  greenhouse  roof  on  high. 

Flowers  to  see  till  you're  weary — 
To  travel  in  hours  and  hours — 

Ranches  of  gold  and  purple — 
Counties  covered  with  flowers  ! 

A  rainbow,  a  running  rainbow, 
That  flies  at  our  side  for  hours  ! 

A  ribbon,  a  broidered  ribbon, 
A  rainbow  ribbon  of  flowers  ! 

Rail  HoM*,  ChiMfo. 


6o 


Borrowed  from  the  Enemy.' 


BY   CHAS.     F.    LUMMIS. 


II. 

HESE  words  which  we  have  more  or  less  uncon- 
sciously derived  from  the  Castilian  finder  and 
founder  of  the  New  World,  crop  out  even  in  such 
unexpected  places  as  our  colonial  history. 
There  would  have  been  no  "grenadiers"  at 
Bunker  Hill,  except  for  Spain  ;  since  the  hand 
grenade  and  the  grenadier  both  get  their  name 
from  the  city  of  Grenada.  There  seems  an  equal  in- 
congruity in  the  name  of  the  **  Greenhorn  "  mountains, 
in  Colorado.  They  were  not  named  for  the  "tender- 
foot," but  a  century  before  his  day  were  christened  cuerno  verde, 
green  horn,  for  a  famous  Comanche  chief  of  the  time.  For  that  matter. 
Colorado  (the  red),  Texas  (the  tiles),  Nevada  (the  snowy),  Florida  (the 
flowery,  the  Spanish  word  being  sounded  flo-ree-da),  Utah,  New  Mexico, 
Arizona  and  California  were  all  named  by  the  Spanish  long  before  any 
English-speaking  person  ever  heard  of  them.  So  was  I^abrador  (the 
laborer). 

One  of  the  queerest  of  these  linguistic  orphans  is  the  English  **  cord- 
wain,"  which  does  not  look  much  like  its  own  father.  It  is  from  "  Cor- 
dovan "  [leather] — for  through  centuries  the  Spanish  city  of  Cordoba 
made  the  best  leather  in  Europe. 

Besides  the  examples  quoted  in  the  opening  chapter  of  this  article, 
other  animal  names  we  get  from  the  Spanish  pioneers  are  "peccary," 
a  South  American  Indian  word  for  the  fierce  little  wild  hog  which  used  to 
range  from  New  Mexico  and  Texas  to  Chile  (it  is  also  called  "javeli," 
another  Indian  word  through  the  Spanish);  "  parroquet ;"  "burro" 
(from  Spain);  "iguana"  (fromHayti);  "toucan"  (from  Brazil t). 
"Jigger,"  or  "chigo,"  the  terrible  tiny  parasite  which  burrows  into  the 
flesh  of  the  feet,  and  often  causes  loss  of  limb  or  life,  gets  its  name  from 
the  Spanish  chigre  (chee-greh.)  "  Cimarron,"  the  mountain  sheep,  is  a 
Spanish  word  which  means  "wild;"  and  is  also  the  original  of  our 
"maroon"  as  applied  to  runaway  slaves.  "Mustang"  is  a  border  cor- 
ruption oi  mesteno;  and  "bronco"  (which  ignorant  people  still  persist 
in  spelling  broncho)  is  a  pure  Spanish  word  for  an  unbroken  horse.  It 
is  bronko,  not  bron-cho  ;  and  ch  in  Spanish  has  invariably  the  sound  we 
give  ch  in  "church."  Some  people  seem  to  fancy  "bronco"  is  some 
relation  to  "bronchitis." 

The  familiar  "  chinch-bug  "  is  merely  a  descendant  of  the  Spanish 
chinche  ;  and  the  "  New  Jersey  Eagle  "  is  of  clean  Spanish  blood — mos- 
quito,  "  a  little  fly,"  diminutive  of  mosca.     Among  epicures  the  "  pom- 


'Conduded  from  the  December  number. 


+It  is  nicknamed  in  South  America  the  "Dios  dara,"  f  "God  will  give")  bird,  because  its  cry  sounds  like  tho»p 
words. 


BORROWED    FROM    THE   ENEMY.  6i 

pano,"  "  bonito,"  **  barracuda"  are  sample  reminders  that  the  Spaniards 
also  knew  a  good  fish  when  they  saw  it. 

"  Tapioca"  is  from  the  Brazilian  tipioca ;  and  "  cassava,"  its  source,  is 
an  unchanged  Spanish  word.  "  Manioc  "  is  similarly  descended.  Even 
"  coflfee  "  —  heaven's  next-last,  next-best  gift  to  man  —  is  from  cafe,  and 
that  from  the  Arabic  qahzve.  Of  other  Spanish  kitchen  names,  well- 
known  in  the  West,  may  be  mentioned  chile  (the  red  pepper),  tamale  (see 
the  November  number,  p.  276,  for  definition  and  recipe),  frijoles  (the 
precious  brown  beans),  atole  (a  most  nourishing  gruel  of  pop-corn  meal) 
tortilla  (the  unleavened  bread),  and  so  on. 

Among  fruits  whose  use  and  names  we  learned  from  our  Spanish  prede- 
cessors are  our  California  pride,  the  "  apricot  "  (Spanish  albticoque,  from 
the  Moors);  the  "banana,"  " granadilla, "  "guava,"  "chirimoya," 
"pitihaya"  and  "pomelo  ;"  the  pecan  nut  and  the  piiion  (peen-y6hn.) 
The  mahogany  tree  (Brazilian  tnahogani)  or  caoba,  the  palmetto,  yucca, 
mesquite,  maguey,  and  many  more,  remind  us  of  our  further  debt  in 
trees.  Indigo  and  aniline  dyes  are  also  derived  from  the  Spanish.  So 
are  cochineal  {cochinella)  2m^  caoutchouc  [cahuchu).  G^«atro  is  a  com- 
mon and  beautiful  weed  from  which  Waco,  Tex.,  gets  its  name;  and 
"  canaigre  "  is  another,  less  handsome  but  more  useful. 

Alfalfa,  the  king  of  all  forage  plants,  came  first  from  Spain  to  Peru  ; 
thence  to  Mexico  and  up  here  — and  its  name  still  testifies  to  its  Moorish 
lineage.  Our  mutinous  wild  "alfileree"  gets  its  name  from  some  un- 
lettered granger's  attempt  upon  the  Spanish  alfileria  (al-feel-dy-ree-a). 
Any  one  who  will  once  notice  its  seed-vesicles  will  understand  the  apt- 
ness of  its  name,  which  comes  from  alfiler,  a  pin. 

"  Acequia  "  (ah-say-kee-a),  the  irrigating  ditch  which  is  the  life  of  the 
Southwest,  is  Spanish  by  name  and  custom.  "  Ranch  "  is  from  rancho ; 
**  ranchero"  is  derived  unchanged  ;  "rancheree"  (an  Indian  village)  is 
a  corruption  of  raw^rAma.  "Corral,"  "peon,"  "rodeo,"  "hacienda," 
"major-domo,"  "latigo,"  "sombrero"  are  all  direct  Spanish -Ameri- 
cans. So  is  "vaquero"  (of  which  cowboy  is  a  mere  offshoot).  "Loco- 
weed  "  is  from  loco^  crazy.  "  Cinch  "  comes  from  cincha.  The  cow- 
boy's leathern  "chaps"  are  short  for  chapparejos;  and  his  word 
"cavvyard"  (horse-herd)  is  a  still  more  remarkable  liberty  with  ca- 
ballada. 

"Alcove  "  is  from  Spanish  alcoba  —  and  back  of  that,  of  course,  from 
the  Arabic.  "Corridor"  is  Spanish,  and  so  is  "Mosque."  "Adobe," 
"patio,"  "plaza,"  "pueblo,"  "presidio,"  "  azotea,"  (the  flat  promenade 
roof)  and  "jacal"  (hack-Al  ;  house  of  palisade  chinked  with  adobe)  are 
all  Spanish  unchanged  in  form  though  frequently  enough  butchered  in 
pronunciation. 

The  sailor's  "  capstan  "is  of  Spanish  invention  and  christening  {cabe- 
siran,  rope-winder),  "Filibuster"  is  horn  ftlibustero ;  and  "caravel," 
"  flotilla,"  "  armada  "  and  "  galleon  "  are  as  recognizable  to  any  intelli- 
gent reader  as  to  the  mariner.  "  Mariner"  itself,  by  the  way,  is  of  the 
Mme  nationality  {mariner o). 

" Renegade  "  {renegado)  and  "  Creole"  [criollo ;  properly  used  only  of 


^2  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE 

the  children  born  in  America  of  Spanish  or  French  parents,  and  pure 
blooded),  are  familiar  words  .to  everyone  as  "mestizo"  (mixed  breed) 
and  "cholo"  (cross  of  European  with  Indian)  are  to  the  scientist. 
"Coyote  "  is  also  used  by  100,000  citizens  of  the  United  States  (though 
the  dictionaries  wot  not  of  it)  in  a  secondary  sense  to  mean  a  half-breed. 

Many  Spanish  words  or  Spanish  derivations  from  Indian  tongues  have 
become  current,  not  only  throughout  the  whole  vast  area  conquered  by 
Spain,  but  with  ethnologists  and  well-read  people  the  world  over.  Such 
are  cacique  (ca-s^e-ke)  a  word  which  originated  in  Santo  Domingo,  and 
became  naturalized  in  every  tribe  of  Indians  between  Colorado  and 
Bolivia ;  estufa,  Spanish  for  stove,  but  now  universally  adopted  for  the 
sacred  man-house  of  the  aborigen  ;  cachina,  one  special  dance  of  one 
special  tribe,  now  generally  applied  to  all  Indian  ceremonial  dances  ; 
temescal,  the  Aztec  medicinal  sweat  house  or  primitive  Turkish  bath  — 
and  many  more. 

Equally  familiar  are  "siesta"  (shortened  from  sesta  ^c>^a,  the  sixth 
hour,  noon)  the  midday  rest;  "mantilla"  and  "reboso,"  head  dra- 
peries ;  "poncho"  that  blessed  South  American  invention  of  a  blanket 
with  a  hole  in  the  center  for  the  head,  a  pattern  followed  in  all  Navajo 
blankets  of  the  very  highest  order;  "zarape"  (frequently  blundered 
into  "serape");  the  charming  dances  of  the  "fandango,"  "bolero," 
"cachuca,"  "chica"  and  the  like. 

"Grandee"  and  "don"  need  no  introduction;  but  everyone  may 
not  remember  that  even  our  English  "admirals"  were  beholden  to  Spain 
for  their  title,  which  still  further  back  was  derived  from  the  Arabic  amir- 
al-bahr,  "commander  of  the  sea."  Then  there  is  "hidalgo,"  that  true 
aristocrat  of  a  word,  hijo  de  algo —  "son  of  somebody  as  is  something." 

Miners  would  be  rather  lost  without  "  el  dorado  "  ("the  gilded  "  caci- 
que of  the  Colombian  plateau)  and  "bonanza,"  and  "placer,"  and  many 
other  words  we  have  inherited  from  the  first  American  Argonauts.  And 
the  very  "  frontier  "  they  love  is  only  the  Spanish /r^w^^^a. 

Our  castile  soap,  and  Lima  (Peru)  beans  ;  our  sherry  (Xeres),  port 
(Oporto),  Manzanilla,  Madeira,  Canary  and  Amontillado  wines  are  not 
much  "masqueraded"  (another  Spanish  word);  but  it  is  not  so  easy  to 
recognize,  in  the  "  sirroons  "  so  familiar  to  the  indigo  trade  the  original 
zurrones.  "Filigree"  is  a  bit  wide  horn,  filigrana  ;  and  the  German 
"canaster"  tobacco  seems  to  have  wandered  far  from  the  Spanish 
canastra,  basket.  The  peanut  is  quite  unrecognizable  ;  but  it  was  dis- 
covered by  the  Spanish,  and  is  still  called  in  South  America  mani  (its 
Quichuaname),  and  on  this  continent  cacahuate,  a  corrupted  Aztec  word. 
In  its  old  home  it  had  a  dignity  we  do  not  give  it ;  being  converted  into 
flour  as  well  as  into  the  delicious  drink  chicha  ;  and  I  have  exhumed  it, 
unharmed,  in  the  laps  of  Peruvian  mummies  ot  great  antiquity. 

It  would  be  easy  to  go  on  indefinitely  with  a  trail  so  interesting  ;  but 
this  paper  is  not  meant  for  a  monograph,  and  enough  has  been  set  forth 
to  give  to  the  studious  a  start  on  personal  research  ;  and  to  the  average 
reader  some  faint  hint  of  the  debt  our  diction  owes  to  the  same  once- 
splendid  nation  which  gave  us  most  of  our  New- World  geography. 


63 


Unfretted  Holidays. 


HILE  no  one  will  dispute  the  beatitude  of  the 
meek,  it  is  modern  experience  that  what  earth  the 
meek  inherit  nowadays  is  mostly  the  waste  corners. 
And  while  the  Saxon  is  not  supremely  liable  to  any 
of  the  special  blessings  mentioned  in  the  shortest 
and  best  sermon  ever  preached,  he  has  somehow 
usually  inherited  the  sort  of  earth  which  is  the 
share  of  the  meek. 

Resignation  —  the  thinking  that  what  is  is  best, 
and  letting  it  go  at  that,  is  called  another  name 
when  others  practice  it.     To  those  who  mourn  that 


Unioo  loK.  Co. 


BHINOING    IN    THE  MISTLETOE.      Photo,  by  Cr 


\  a  t\  /\  , 

OK   THR 

UNIVEBoITY 


.-.  Of 


UN  FRETTED   HOLIDAYS. 


65 


the  christian  virtues  are  dying  out,  it  is  enough  answer  to  point  to  the 
Easterner,  about  these  days,  backed  up  against  the  register  and  persuad- 
ing himself  that  he  really  likes  the  climate  that  he  lives  in  —  or,  rather, 
that  he  takes  very  good  and  costly  care  to  live  out  of,  for  no  animal 
could  live  really  in  it  the  year  round.  He  also  thinks  that  he  thinks 
such  air  salubrious  and  bracing ;  and  is  wont  to  declare  that  he  would 
find  it  monotonous  to  be  where  the  weather  was  always  decent.  Just 
how  he  expects  to  reconcile  his  uneasy  tastes  to  heaven  does  not  yet 


L.  A.  tuj.  Cu. 


ly  CrmduU,  Pasadena. 


CASTIUAN   ROSES  IN  DECEMBER. 


"  En  Tkrioa  arroyoa  del  cAinino  y  en  el  parage  en  qne  not  hallemoe,  a  mat  de  la*  parraa,  hay  Tariae  roaaa  de 
OaMUIa." 

Letter  dated  from  the  "newly  projected  Miiaion  of  San  Diego  in  Northern  California,"  1769,  by  rathar 
Jooipero  Serra. 


OF  mv 
UNIVERSITY 


66 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


appear.  Maybe  St.  Peter  will  let  him  sneak  outside  the  pearly  gates  and 
freeze  his  feet  once  in  awhile,  just  to  keep  him  from  getting  lonesome. 
As  every  traveler  knows,  there  is  no  land  on  earth  so  vilely  unhabita- 
ble that  people  will  not  inhabit  it  if  they  were  born  to.  The  howling 
desert  is  the  best  place  in  the  world  to  the  desert-born  ;  and  he  wonders 
how  people  can  endure  to  live  in  countries  where  they  say  it  actually 
rains  sometimes.  The  denizen  of  Guayaquil  would  not  feel  it  at  all  safe 
to  reside  where  there  is  no  yellow  fever.  And  one  never  emerges  from 
these  ignorances  until  one  has  traveled  and  learned  to  compare. 


L.  A.  Eag.  Co. 


CHEROKEE  ROSES.  Photo,  by  Crsndall,  Pasadena. 

Gathered  from  a  Pasadena  Rosewalk  in  December. 


UN  FRETTED    HOLIDAYS. 


67 


As  a  matter  of  history  and  scientific  proof,  great  extremes  of  weather 
are  not  healthful.  Consumption  —  by  far  the  deadliest  disease  among 
Saxons  —  and  pneumonia,  its  cousin,  are  inventions  of  countries  that 
have  severe  winters  ;  and  the  innumerable  train  of  ills  that  spring  from 
cold  weather  and  the  confinement  necessary  to  escape  it,  kill  more  peo- 
ple every  year  than  the  cholera,  and  the  tropic  fevers. 

As  for  the  notion  that  bitter  cold  is  "  bracing,"  it  is  too  stupid  to  sur- 
vive a  moment  in  any  mind  that  will  give  it  a  moment's  thought.  Air 
cold  enough  to  prickle  on  the  skin,  to  stimulate  it,  like  the  evaporation 
of  alcohol  or  camphor,  is  bracing  —  but  it  does  not  progress  with  the 
fall  of  the  mercury.     Forty  degrees  above  zero  is  just  as  bracing  as  forty 


Union  Ba(.  Cu. 


CALIFORNIA    HOLLY.  fiioto.  by  irandaii,  t'»6adena 


6S 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


below.  There  is  not  in  the  world  an  atmosphere  more  bracing  than 
that  of  the  Southwest.  The  piney  air  of  Flagstaff  on  a  fall  morning 
when  the  thermometer  might  mark  50°  ;  or  the  same  temperature  in 
Southern  California  after  the  "winter  "  rains  have  re-created  the  air  — 
those  are  as  tonic  and  exhilarant  to  skin  and  lungs  as  ever  man  found. 
And  it  is  health  and  joy  without  danger. 

Tradition  dies  hard  ;  and  the  Saxon  tradition  is  of  a  snow-bound 
Christmas.  You  sit  in  your  air-tight  house,  superheated  by  a  raging 
furnace  —  thankful  that  you  are  not  the  shivering  ones  who  press  their 
blue  faces  against  the  pane.  You  cannot  step  outside  your  own  door, 
Christmas  eve,  to  j&ll  your  lungs  with  God's  air,  for  fear  you  swallow 
pneumonia  too. 

No  one  will  deny  the  charm  of  the  Holidays  back  in  the  home  of  our 
childhood.  It  was  a  precious  season  —  even  the  unwilling  brute  weather 
was  forced  to  contribute  to  our  joy.  The  snow-ballings,  and  coastings, 
and  sleigh-rides,  and  skating  were  delightful  ;  even  if  one  had  to  rejoice 
with  trembling. 

But,  after  all,  thai  was  not  the  secret  of  our  pleasure.  What  makes 
the  Holidays  is  chiefly  the  heart  —  and  be  sure  that  beats  as  warm  and 
true  where  it  matches  the  skies  as  where  it  is  in  their  despite. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


Photo,  by  Mrs.  A.  Glassell,  Ji 


THE    DECEMBER    OF   CALIFORNIA    CHILDREN. 


A  California  Christmas  is  all  good.  The  earth  rejoices,  the  skies  give 
thanks  and  are  glad.  We  do  not  have  to  be  happy  between  shivers,  nor 
imprison  ourselves  lest  Nature  slay  us.  All  is  joyous  together.  The 
rains  have  come,  and  with  them  the  Resurrection.  There  are  new 
heavens  and  a  new  earth  ;  a  turquoise  arch  above  an  emerald  floor.  The 
birds  can  keep  Christmas,  too  —  and  a  winter  which  even  a  goose  has  too 
much  sense  to  inhabit  is  not  fit  for  christians.  We  roll  upon  our  lawns, 
or  swing  in  hammocked  verandas,  or  gather  roses  from  the  bushes  that 
over-run  the  house,  and  sniff"  tlie  breeze  across  the  orange-blossoms  — 
while  above  the  dark-green  orchard  the  ineffable  snow-peaks  of  the 
Sierra  Madre  climb  twice  as  tall  on  the  blue  sky  as  the  loftiest  moun- 
tain in  the  Bast.  And  in  the  air  is  such  a  tang  of  freshness  and  strength 
and  inspiration  that  to  drink  it  is  like  breathing  champagne. 

We  sit  out  and  readout,  we  ride,  drive,  walk,  take  a  swift  plunge  into 
the  Pacific  surf  and  out.  The  children  do  not  need  to  be  buglar-proofed 
against  colds,  or  croup,  or  pneumonia.  Day-long  they  are  out  of  doors, 
undeterred  from  God  and  Nature,  and  so  with  better  bodies  and  minds, 
and  hearts  —  but  the  same  old  child-faith  in  Santa  Claus. 


.^TT" 


L.  A    Kof.Oo. 


SOUTHWESTERN   TYPES— AN  APACHE  SCOUT. 


70 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


With  Orange  Blossoms  at 
Christmas. 


BY  GRACE    ELLERY   CHANNINO. 


Thou'lt  never  know  :     I  sent  thee  blossoms  white 
And  perfect  as  an  earthly  tree  may  bear, 
Wet  with  fresh  dews,  and  odorous  as  fair ; 
So  pure,  so  fresh,  they  need  not  dread  the  light 
Of  thine  eyes  on  them.     Happier  than  I, 
I  sent  my  flowers  where  I  may  not  go  ; 
And  close  beneath  the  petals'  perfumed  snow 
And  sheltering  leaves,  safe-hid,  my  heart  doth  lie  — 
Thou'lt  never  know  ! 

Poor  heart !     I  laid  it  there  wet  through  with  tears. 
Trampled  and  torn  and  stained,  unfit  for  thee  ; 
Unfit  —  and  yet — poor  heart !  —  so  filled  with  prayers 
For  pardon,  passionate  grief,  and  purer  love, 
I  dared  to  send  :  wilt  thou  receive  ?     Ah  me  ! 
I  heaped  the  heavy  flowers  so  close  above 
Thou'lt  never  know  ! 


The  Moqui  Snake  Dance, 


ly    H.    N.    RUST. 


UCH  a  journey  as  that  from  Los  Angeles  to  Hol- 
brook;  Arizona,  over  the  Santa  F4  route,  is  pleas- 
ant and  interesting  ;  with  its  panorama  of  moun- 
tain and  desert,  dead  lakes  and  volcanoes,  and 
many  other  attractions.  From  Holbrook,  the  way 
to  the  famous  Moqui  villages  —  the  "  province  of 
Tusayan,"  as  the  Spanish  explorers  called  it  —  is 
by  wagon  over  a  sandy  and  thirsty  road  of  about 
ninety  miles.  If  not  exactly  easy,  the  trip  is  far 
from  dull,  with  instructive  sights  of  the  edge  of 
the  Painted  Desert,  its  strange  sentinel  buttes  of  unusual  size,  shape  and 
color,  its  glimpses  of  primitive  life,  its  petrified  logs,  its  few  "wells," 
muddy  and  far  between.  It  is  impressive  to  think  that  this  dry  and 
barren  land  has  been  for  ages  loved  as  home  by  human  beings.  The 
peculiar  freaks  of  erosion  in  the  mesas  and  buttes  add  greatly  to  the 
impressiveness  of  the  lonely  landscape.  Here  and  there  along  the  road 
are  the  rude  hogans  of  the  nomadic  Navajo  Indians  —  huts  made  by 
setting  up  poles  with  their  tops  together,  and  banking  them  over  with 
earth.  We  saw  the  Indians  tending  their  flocks  of  sheep  and  goats ; 
the  women  grinding  corn  on  the  metates  (mealing-stones),  or  weaving 
their  blankets  from  the  "  weaver's  beam  "  hung  to  the  roof  or  a  juniper 
bough. 

At  noon  of  the  second  day  after  leaving  Holbrook  we  had  descended 
into  Keam's  Cation  and  were  at  Thos.  Keam's  hospitable  little  trading- 
post.  It  is  one  of  the  surprises  of  Arizona  to  find,  away  out  here  in  the 
desert,  the  comfortable  home  of  a  cultured  Englishman. 


THE   MOQUl    SNAKE    DANCE. 


n 


L   A    tng   Co.  Copyright  1891  by  Chas.  F.  Lunamii. 

A  GENERAL    VIEW  OF  HUALPI. 

The  Town  of  the  Snake  Dance. 

From  Keam's  to  the  first  mesa  of  Moqui  is  twelve  miles  down  the 
lonely  valley.  At  the  foot  of  the  great  level  table-land,  which  rises  660 
feet  above  the  plain,  we  left  our  outfit  in  charge  of  the  Indians,  and  be- 
gan the  toilsome  climb  up  the  winding  path  to  the  top  of  the  cliflF.  There 
we  were  met  by  several  of  these  friendly  people  and  conducted  to  the 
quarters  that  had  been  secured  for  us  in  Si-chom-ivi  —  in  the  house  of 
Mi-si-te,  the  weaver. 

This  first  mesa,  the  farthest  east  of  the  line  of  Moqui  table-lands,  con- 
tains  three  pueblos,  built  in   the   remarkable  communal    architecture 


MOQUI    MAIDENS- 


F'holu.  by  A.  C.  Vromun. 


line  cnrioui  coiffure  tvpifie*  the  open  ■qauh-blosioin,  which  it  the  Moqui  tyrabol  of  maidenhood.     Married 
women  we«r  the  hair  In  rolu  which  repreeent  the  tadtd  ■<|uaah-bloeMni,— Et>.) 


72 


LAND   OF  SUNSHINE. 


which  is  characteristic  of  the  Pueblo  Indians.  The  names  of  these 
interesting  villages  in  their  order  are  Tehua,  Sichomivi  and  Hualpi  — 
the  latter  at  the  western  tip  of  the  mesa,  the  largest  and  the  most  pic- 
turesque of  the  three,  and  the  place  where  the  snake-dance  is  held.  In 
Tehua  the  language  spoken  is  entirely  different  from  the  speech  of  the 
six  other  Moqui  towns.*  Yet  the  inhabitants  seem  on  good  terms  with 
their  neighbors.  The  population  of  Tehua  by  the  census  of  1891  was 
161  ;  of  Si-chom-ivi  103  ;  of  Hualpi  232.  Of  the  total  496,  there  were 
248  males  and  248  females.  The  total  population  of  the  seven  Moqui 
pueblos  is  1996,  of  whom  999  are  males  and  997  females — a  surprising 
equality. 


THE  SACRED  DANCE-ROCK,   HUALPI. 


Photo,  by  A.  C.  Yroiuaii. 


The  communal  architecture  of  the  Pueblos  has  been  fully  described  by 
Bandelier,  Lummis,  Gushing,  and  other  students  among  these  interesting 
people.  In  some  pueblos  there  are  six  stories  —  each  set  back  upon  the 
one  below,  so  that  the  whole  communal  building  resembles  a  series  of 
terraces  or  a  pyramid.  The  highest  houses  of  the  Moquis  (who  call  them- 
selves not  Moquis  but  Hupi,  "  the  people  of  peace  "),  are  three  stories  ; 
and  owing  to  inequalities  in  the  mesa  they  are  not  so  regular  as  in  some 
other  Pueblo  villages.  The  lower  stories  used  to  be  all  blank  walls,  and 
the  only  approach  to  the  house  was  by  ladders  from  the  ground.  When 
these  ladders  were  drawn  up  the  people  were  safe  from  attack  by  ordin- 

*For  the  good  reason  that  its  people  are  Tehua  Pueblos  who  fled  here  from  the 
Rio  Grande  valley,  300  miles  east,  after  the  Pueblo  Rebellion  of  1680.  It  is  therefore  a 
"new  town  "  as  Moqui  dates  go.— Ed. 


THE    MOQUI    SNAKE   DANCE. 


73 


ary  foes.  The  ground  floor  rooms  were  reached  through  trap-doors  in 
the  floors  of  the  second  story.  Nowadays  the  first  story  generally  has  a 
door.  Our  room  had  also  two  windows.  The  floor  was  hard-packed 
clay.  A  fireplace,  table,  two  chairs  and  plenty  of  sheepskins  were  the 
furniture. 

The  snake-dance  we  have  come  so  far  to  see  occurs  once  in  two  years, 
in  August,  in  an  open  space  on  the  east  side  of  the  village  of  Hualpi, 
between  the  houses  and  the  edge  of  the  cliff".  A  big  sacred  rock  (a  sand- 
stone pillar  which  has  been  left  by  erosion  on  the  top  of  the  mesa), 
stands  at  the  south  end  of  this  dancing-ground.  Near  it  are  the  en- 
trances to  the  subterranean  esiu/as,*  here  called  kib-va,  or  sacred  council 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


A  CORNER  IN   HUALPI. 


Photo  by  Sanders. 


chambers,  which  are  part  of  every  Pueblo  town.  In  some  pueblos  they 
are  above-ground  and  circular  ;  but  here  they  are  hewn  out  of  the  bed- 
rock of  the  mesa,  and  are  reached  by  ladders  from  above. 

Close  to  the  houses  about  midway  of  this  open  space  a  little  booth  of 
Cottonwood  branches  had  been  built  for  the  occasion,  its  opening  closed 
with  a  white  cloth.  In  front  of  this  an  ancient  hewn  plank  covered  a 
small  cavity  in  the  rocky  floor. 

To  the  Moqui  the  rattlesnake  is  the  God  of  Water  —  and,  of  course,  in 
the  desert,  water  is  the  first  and  greatest  necessity.     The  lightning  is 


*The  estufa  was.  in  the  ancient  Pueblo  economy,  the  Man-House  — not  only  the 
coundl-room  but  the  home  of  the  warriors,  while  the  women  and  children  lived  in 
the  terrace-houses.— Ed. 


74 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


INTERIOR    OF  A    MOQUl    HOME. 


Photo,  by  A.  C.  Vroman. 


the  snake's  tail  striking  the  clouds  ;  and  the  thunder  is  his  rattle.  Nat- 
urally, the  most  important  ceremonies  in  their  strange  ritual  are  con- 
nected, therefore,  with  the  rattlesnake,  and  are  designed  to  propitiate 
him  so  that  he  will  send  rain. 

For  eight  days  before  the  dance  —  which  is  the  last  act  of  the  cere- 
monial—  thc}^  conduct  secret  rites  in  the  kib-va,  to  which  few  white 
men  have  been  admitted.  Six  days  before  the  dance  the  men  of  the 
Snake  Order  go  down  into  the  plain  and  hunt  the  rattlesnakes,  which 
they  tickle  with  a  wand  of  eagle-feathers,  catch  and  put  into  bags.  The 
snakes  are  carried  to  the  kib-va  and  put  in  large,  earthen  jars.  For  five 
days  before  the  dance  the  dancers  fast  and  purifj-  themselves,  drinking 
copiously  a  secret  brew  of  herbs  which  is  supposed  to  fortify  them 
against  snake-poison.  This  decoction  is  called  Mah-que-be,  or  "virgin- 
drink." 

The  snake-priests  brought  out  the  bag  of  reptiles  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  dance,  and  deposited  it  in  the  booth  of  branches,  which  is  called 
ki-si.  Very  late  in  the  afternoon — not  over  half  an  hour  before  sunset 
—  the  Antelope-men  emerge  from  the  es tufa  and  file  to  the  i^/-.f^  where 
they  hold  a  preliminary  rite,  dancing  with  a  rattle  of  gourds  whose 
sound  reminds  one  of  the  pattering  of  rain.  In  a  short  time  they  are 
followed  by  the  Snake-men  ;  the  two  orders  being  distinguished  by  differ- 
ences in  paint  and  what  there  is  of  costume. 

The  housetops  and  corners  were  filled  with  spectators.  Some  were 
whites,  including  our  party  from  Los  Angeles  and  several  from  the  East; 


THE   MOQUI    SNAKE   DANCE.  75 

but  the  great  majority  were  Indians  —  Pueblos  and  Navajos  from  far 
and  near. 

After  some  preliminary  exercises  and  invocations,  the  Snake-men  in 
turn  took  snakes  from  the  bag  in  the  booth  and  began  to  circle  in  the 
dance,  each  one  being  accompanied  by  an  Antelope-man.  Sometimes  a 
Snake-man  took  two  of  the  reptiles  at  once.  The  dancer  puts  the  snake 
crosswise  in  his  mouth,  holding  it  firmly  in  his  teeth,  its  head  toward 
his  right  shoulder.  One  dancer  had  a  small  rattler  wholly  in  his 
mouth  except  its  head,  and  carried  it  thus  through  the  dance.  Another 
snake,  a  large  one,  twisted  itself  so  tightly  into  the  long  hair  of  its  cap- 
tor that  he  had  to  get  help  to  disentangle  it.  Frequently  the  dancers 
flung  the  snakes  from  their  mouths  to  the  ground,  by  a  quick  jerk  of 
the  head  forward.  When  the  liberated  serpent  would  coil  on  the  ground 
to  strike,  one  of  the  Antelope-men  would  stroke  it  with  an  eagle-feather, 
which  at  once  caused  it  to  try  to  escape.  As  soon  as  it  was  uncoiled  and 
in  retreat,  the  dancer  would  quickly  catch  it  with  his  fingers  just  back 
of  the  head,  take  it  again  in  his  mouth,  and  resume  the  dance.  In  all 
cases  the  utmost  care  seemed  to  be  used  to  catch  the  snakes  in  the  same 
manner.  I  inferred  that  this  was  to  avoid  as  much  as  possible  the  danger 
of  being  bitten  ;  and  am  convinced  that  the  snakes  had  not  been 
drugged  nor  their  fangs  removed.* 

Finally  all  the  dancers  tossed  their  snakes  in  a  heap  near  the  foot  of 
the   sacred  sandstone  pillar,  keeping  the  squirming  mass   compact  by 


r.    \    KiiK   <■„  THE   MOOUI   SNAKE   r  '*>»"»"   ''f  *    C  Vronian 

•This  is  fully  established.  The  snakes  are  venomous  as  ever.  Care  in  handling  and 
the  certainly  efficacious  mah-quebetirc  the  only  precautions  used.  I  have  seen  several 
dancers  bitten  without  serious  results  ;  but  no  Moqui  who  has  not  gone  through  the 
necesMry  preparation  dare  risk  it.— Ed. 


76  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 

application  of  their  eagle-feathers  all  around.  The  sacred  meal,  which 
is  the  last  invocation,  was  sprinkled  over  the  snakes ;  and  the  ceremo- 
nial was  at  an  end.  The  dancers  rushed  in  ;  each  caught  up  several 
snakes  in  each  hand  ;  and  dashing  past  the  crowd  of  spectators  they 
descended  the  cliffs  bypaths  leading  to  different  quarters  of  the  compass. 
At  the  foot  of  the  mesa  they  released  the  snakes,  with  further  "prayers" 
to  them  to  be  propitious.  The  great  biennial  prayer  for  rain  was 
ended  ;  the  participants  in  the  strange  but  sincere  ceremonies  cleansed 
themselves  and  donned  their  everyday  garb,  and  the  people  of  Moqui 
settled  down  to  their  customary  quiet  life,  awaiting  the  result  of  their 
invocations. 

Corn  and  wool  are  the  chief  staples  of  the  Moquis,  and  weaving  is 
their  principal  industry.  Down  in  the  sandy  valleys  below  the  mesas 
are  many  small  cultivated  fields  of  corn  and  melons.  Around  these  fields 
we  saw  many  little  "prayer-sticks "  set  in  the  ground.  These  were  care- 
fully prepared  twigs  with  sacred  feathers  bound  to  them.  They  are 
thought  by  the  Hupi  to  keep  up  the  prayer  which  the  owner  of  the  field 
utters  when  he  sets  them  out. 

After  this  wierd  and  wonderful  dance  we  found  it  very  interesting  to 
visit  the  people  in  their  homes.  The  houses  are  neat  and  clean, 
with  clay  floors  and  white-washed  walls  ;  and  the  people  picturesquely 
and  comfortably  dressed,  though  some  of  the  little  children  run  about 
entirely  nude.  The  mealing-stones,  on  which  corn  and  wheat  are  ground 
by  hand,  are  in  every  house.  Many  bows  and  arrows  hang  on  the  walls, 
but  these  are  only  for  ceremonial  use,  for  the  men  have  fire-arms,  and 
are  expert  with  them.  In  some  houses  we  saw  the  weavers  at  their  rude 
looms,  making  the  durable  black  manias,  the  national  dress  of  all  Pueblo 
women.  The  Moquis  are  famous  for  the  excellence  of  this  work,  and 
the  other  Pueblos  from  all  over  New  Mexico  make  this  long  journey  to 
buy  Moqui  manias.  The  Moquis  make  their  own  pottery  of  clay,  and 
we  saw  women  doing  it ;  but  their  wares  are  not  so  fine  as  those  of  some 
of  the  other  Pueblo  tribes.  They  make  a  very  characteristic  basket, 
placque-shaped,  which  is  unlike  any  other  aboriginal  basketry.  Their 
water-jugs  are  also  baskets,  gummed  outside,  and  with  loops  for  carrying 
by  a  thong  ;  for  these  curious  people  bring  all  their  water  for  domestic 
use  from  a  little  spring  near  the  foot  of  the  cliff  to  the  top  of  the  great 
mesa. 

Altogether  our  visit  to  the  snake-dance  and  to  these  strange  people 
who  live  so  contentedly  upon  so  little,  far  from  the  rest  of  the  world, 
and  in  a  bare,  lonely  desert,  keenly  interested  us  in  every  way.  They 
were  very  kind  and  courteous  to  us,  and  did  not  take  offence  at  our 
curiosity  ;  and  we  left  their  lofty  mesa  and  began  our  homeward  journey 
with  not  only  striking  memories  of  the  grotesque  rites  we  had  witnessed, 
but  with  a  better  understanding,  and  friendliness,  and  respect  for  the 
mesa  dwelling  People  of  Peace. 

Pasadena. 


AKENBD  by  the  sweet  clamor 
of  bird  voices,  one  looks  forth 
upon  a  garden  green  as  with 
the  verdure  of  summer ;  and  yet  it  is 
Christmas-tide.  On  the  mountains, 
yonder,  sits  the  snow ;  but  the  heart 
of  the  valley  is  ever  warm,  and  there 
is  no  hint  of  frost  in  the  breezes  that 
dally  with  the  rose  by  the  garden  gate. 

The  shower  has  beaten  many  of  the 
tefider  blossoms  low. 

The  chrysanthemums,  undisturbed, 
shake  the  rain  drops  from  their  tousled 
heads  and  stand  boldly  erect  —  gay 
patches  of  color  against  the  gray  stone 
wall.  The  scarlet  blooms  of  a  geranium 
flame  out  from  an  emerald  setting, 
shaming  the  nasturtiums  that  flaunt  a 
bouquet  of  reds  in  the  border. 

My  neighbor's  place  is  separated 
from  mine  only  by  a  hedge  of  laures- 
tina — and  Conchita  takes  the  morning 
air  at  this  hour. 

Ah,  there  she  is  !  What  a  picture— 
with  the  heavily  fruited  boughs  of  the 


-^^  Of  thk"^^ 


177] 


78 


LAND    OF    SUNSHINE. 


orange  tree  bending  above  her,  and  the  sunshine  caressing  her  rounded 

throat  and  crimsoned  cheek, 

"  Conchita,  I  shall  make  a  sketch  of  you." 

"  Yes?     But  assuredly  in  another  gown— the  one  I  wore  at  the  fiesta." 

"  No,  no,  just  as  you  are  ;  and  I  shall  call  it  '  A  Castilian  Rose.'  " 

Down  the  street  on  either  side,  stately  eucalyptus  trees  are  silhouetted 
against  the  sky. 

Under  the  shadow  of  a  giant  magnolia  is  a  cottage,  embowered  in  helio- 
trope that  flings  its  purple  spray  to  the  very  eaves. 

The  mansion  across  the  way  has  no  greater  treasure,  although  orchids 
grace  the  conservatory  and  rare  flowers  with  unpronounceable  names 
bloom  in  the  parterre. 

The  roses  are  not  so  perfect  as  later  ;  but  the  snowy  clusters  of  La 
Marque  make  a  brave  showing  still,  and  the  Safrano  unfurls  its  creamy 
buds  in  every  garden.  The  unhandsome,  weedy  blossom  of  the  century 
plant  is  not  infrequently  seen,  for  the  plant  blooms  at  any  season.  ^ 

In  sheltered  nooks  a  subtle  perfume  suggests  the  presence  of  violets, 
and  further  search  reveals  the  dainty  flowers,  half  hidden  under  a  mat 


A    REMNANT   OF   THE    ICE   AGE. 


79 


of  leaves.  But 
a  perfume  that 
is  not  born  of 
the  violets  is 
in  evidence. 
Look !  Here 
and  there 
among  the 
flossy  leaves 
of  the  orange 
tree  gleam 
star-like  blos- 
soms to  herald 
the  harvest  of 
another  year. 
The  well- 
^"•^  ^°  kept    grounds 

surrounding  the  homes  in  the  newer 
ijuarter  of  the  city  delight  the  eye  of  the 
winter  visitor,  and  earn  for  Los  Angeles 
the  right  to  be  named  the  garden  spot  of 
the  south. 

It  is  old  Los  Angeles,  however,  that  the 
lover  of  the  picturesque  will  seek.  A 
stone's  throw  from  one  of  the  principal 
thoroughfares  are  gardens,  neglected,  yet 
with  a  certain  beauty  of  their  own.  Vines, 
unpruned,  run  riot ;  rose  hedges  have 
grown  to  be  impenetrable  thickets ;  and 
the  sturdy  geranium  overtops  the  highest 
of  the  quaint  adobe  dwellings. 
The  public  gardens  of  Los  .Angeles  are  not  yet  fully  perfected ;  but 
their  beauty  is  beyond  question.  Strolling  along  pleasant  paths  that 
wind  in  and  out  among  flowering  shrubs  and  broad-leaved  tropical 
plants,  or  resting  in  the  shade  of  a  spreading  palm,  one  might  easily 
fancy  that  it  is  June,  rather  than  December,  The  grass  is  velvet  beneath 
the  feet  ;  the  sunshine  that  calls  the  flowers  to  life  is  livinglgold  ;  and 
over  all  the  sky,  tender,  serene,  is  "  like  the  smile  of  God." 

Lot  Angeles. 


I  A  Remnant  of  the  Ice  Age. 


ry    CEO.    F.    LEAVENS. 


OJOURNING  last  summer  in   San  Antonio   canon, 
I  made  a  discovery  I  think  interesting. 

One   day   in   August,    after    emerging    from   a 

struggle  through  the  dense  and  thorny  chaparral 

near  Dell's  camp,  I  found   myself  upon  a  narrow 

spur  that  makes  for  a  third  of  a  mile  from  Cuca- 

monga  mountain  into  the  caiion,  at  an  even  height, 

above  the  canon  bed,  of  700  or  800  feet.     Before 

me  was  the   most  magnificent  scenery,   both  up 

and  down  San  Antonio,  and  over  the  divide  into 

the  San   Gabriel,   and   beyond  to  Mount  Wilson 

and  adjacent  ranges,  thirty  miles  away. 

But  what  arrested  my  attention  most,  was  two  parallel  lines  of  debris 

that  curved  gracefully  down  the  steep  bed  of  a  small  canon  in  the  form 

of  a  reversed  letter  S.     The  first  flash  of  thought  was  :  "someone  has 

here  built  an  immense  irrigating  canal."     But  reason  said  ; 


8o  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

"This  is  the  bed,  and  these  lines  of  debris  are  the  lateral  moraines 
of  a  fossil  g^lacier." 

After  I  had  expended  two  days'  labor  on  a  rough  trail  through  the 
chaparral,  my  friend,  Mr.  Thornton,  rode  a  mule  up  to  the  point  of  ob- 
servation, and  took  a  photograph  of  a  portion  of  Cucamonga  mountain, 
which  included  a  general  view  of  the  ancient  course  of  the  glacier. 

A  few  days  later,  Mr.  Butterfield  (of  Dell's  camp)  and  myself  made  a 
tour  of  investigation  along  the  upper  portion  of  this  canon  bed,  hoping 
to  find  additional  evidences  of  glacial  action,  and  were  richly  rewarded. 
We  found  that  the  lines  of  debris  —  approximately  loo  feet  apart,  and 
from  TO  to  15  feet  in  height  —  were  made  up  mostly  of  light-colored 
granite  and  marble  boulders,  ranging  from  a  few  inches  in  diameter  to 
the  size  of  a  summer  cottage.  Many  of  these  rocks  were  so  poised  as  to 
be  quite  resonant,  and  rang  like  pieces  of  steel  when  we  stepped  upon 
them.  We  found  occasionally  a  polished  or  a  striated  surface,  but  the 
traces  of  ice  action  seem  to  have  been  mo«^tly  obliterated.  The  moraines 
retained  definite  form  for  perhaps  three-fourths  of  a  mile,  the  slope  of 
the  glacial  bed  increasing  from  about  12  per  cent,  at  the  bottom  to  24 
per  cent,  at  the  top.  These  are  only  careful  guesses,  as  we  had  no 
means  for  securing  accurate  measurements. 

At  the  summit,  or  rather  where  the  laterals  lose  their  definite  char- 
acter, we  found  a  gorge  six  or  seven  hundred  feet  in  length,  walled  in 
by  dark-hued  basic  rock  — the  width  of  the  glacier  bed  at  the  bottom, 
and  merging  into  the  mountain  sides  hundreds  of  feet  above  us.  On 
the  rocky  walls  to  the  right  of  us,  we  found  most  startling  evidences 
of  glacial  action.  The  granite  was  gouged  and  carved  into  fantastic 
forms  to  a  height  of  300  feet  or  more.  Much  of  the  surface  was  highly 
polished,  and  as  we  changed  our  position,  we  caught  varying  angles  of 
reflection  from  its  glimmering  sides.  While  we  failed  to  find  any 
well  defined  grooves  or  scratches,  the  general  trend  of  the  erosive  force 
was  well  marked,  following  the  slant  of  the  canon  bed.  Mr,  Thornton 
subsequently  secured  a  negative  of  a  representative  portion  of  these 
rocks.  Unfortunately,  photography  fails  of  reproducing  either  the  re- 
flected light,  or  the  striation,  as  the  accompanying  engraving  shows. 
During  ten  weeks  of  tramping  over  the  mountains  in  that  vicinity,  I 
found  no  other  rocks  polished  as  these  were,  though  the  formation  is 
a  characteristic  one.  Whatever  value  attaches  tp  negative  evidence 
should  be  accorded  this  fact. 

Continuing  up  the  bed  of  the  canon,  which  became  gradually  steeper, 
until  it  merged  into  the  half-funnel  shaped  slide  of  loose,  angular  rocks 
so  characteristic  of  the  upper  Sierra  Madres,  we  reached  at  last  the 
sharp  crest  of  ragged  rock  that  circles  about  the  head  of  the  canon, 
some  3,000  feet  above  the  ancient  glacier  bed.  This  encloses  several 
hundred  acres,  an  area  sufficient  for  a  large  accumulation  of  snow, 
which  would  inevitably  be  forced  by  its  own  weight  down  through 
the  narrow  chasm,  and  so  form  the  glacier. 

It  is  not  to  be  presumed,  of  course,  that  sufficient  snow  and  ice  could 
integrate,  under  existing  climatic  conditions,  to  fill  the  rocky  gorge  to  a 
depth  of  300  feet  and  more  ;  to  grind  with  irresistible  power  through  the 
hard  granite,  and  carry  and  deposit  rocks  weighing  hundreds  of  tons,  in 
parallel  lines.  Rather,  these  moraines  should  be  considered  a  remnant 
of  the  remote  glacial  epoch,  when,  in  the  procession  of  the  equinoxes. 
Southern  California  was  favored  with  a  polar  or  circumpolar  climate. 
It  will  be  noticed  by  anvone  who  observes  the  mountains  that  whereas 
"Old  Baldy,"  at  an  altitude  of  10,120  feet,  retains  his  thick  white  cap 
until  well  into  spring,  Cucamonga,  at  8,500  feet,  is  merely  frosted  over, 
and  the  snow  disappears  in  a  few  weeks  from  the  time  of  falling. 

It  remained  for  me  to  explore  the^i lower  end  of  the  glacier  bed,  in 
search  of  a  terminal  moraine,  which  I  did  about  a  week  later.  The 
rocks ^below  the  point  where  I  first  observed  them  soon  lose  their  linear 


BED  AND   LATERAL   MORAINES  OF  THE  FOSSIL  OLACIER.         Photo,  by  t.  C.  Thornton 


82 


LAND   OF  SUNSHINE. 


arrangement.  I  found,  in  two  or  three  places,  transverse  rows  of  more 
than  usually  large  rocks,  which  may  have  marked  different  successive 
terminations  of  the  glacier,  but  I  do  not  feel  certain  regarding  it. 

This  canon  joins  the  San  Antonio,  about  a  mile  above  the  tunnel  of 
the  San  Antonio  Light  and  Power  Co.,  and  the  glacier  bed  can  be 
reached  with  little  difficulty  by  way  of  its  caiion,  although  there  is  no 
trail,  and  I  doubt  if  human  feet  have  traversed  it  many  times.  This  in- 
teresting relic  of  a  time  when  this  was  not  the  " I^and  of  Sunshine  "and 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


CLIFFS  SHOWING  GLACIAL   GRINDING.     Photo,  by  E.  C.  Tl.orniun. 


roses  and  palms,  while  near  the  routes  of  mountain  travel,  is  hidden 
from  the  main  trail  by  the  mountain. spur  before  mentioned,  and  has 
thus  escaped  general  notice.  It  is  visible  from  the  upper  portion  of  the 
toll  trail  to  "  Old  Baldy,"  but  as  only  one  moraine  is  in  view,  its  true 
character  is  not  revealed. 

Of  course  this  glacier  was  a  small  affair.  Still,  it  furnishes  interesting 
evidence  regarding  former  climatic  conditions,  and  would  seem  to  indicate 
that  primitive  man,  in  this  region,  may  have  lived  on  polar-bear's  meat 
instead  of  the  grizzly's  ;  and  clothed  himself  in  walrus-hide  and  seal-skin, 
rather  than  solely  in  his  innocence.  These  traces  of  the  ancient  course 
of  an  ice  stream  would  certainly  repay  careful  scientific  investigation. 
I  will  gladly  furnish  such  information  as  I  possess  to  anyone  who  may  be 
tempted  to  make  further  research. 


83 


In  a  Mexican  Plaza. 

BY   EDWIN    HALL    WARNER. 

HK  State  of  Jalisco  is  the  Andalusia  of  Mexico. 
Nearly  in  the  centre  lies  Guadalajara,  the  garden 
city  of  the  west.  To  the  north,  a  few  miles  dis- 
tant, passes  the  rio  Santiago,  its  fertile  valley  heavy 
with  the  harvest.  Towards  the  south,  the  plateau 
falls  away  to  the  tierra  caliente,  where  the  ripening 
cane  sweetens  the  air,  and  the  coffee  plantations 
give  aromatic  promise  of  the  future.  To  Guada- 
lajara comes  the  product  of  the  hot  lands  and  the 
temperate,  and  she  proudly  calls  herself  the  western 
capital  ;  as  well  she  may,  for  her  merchants  are 
shrewd  and  trade  for  gain  ;  her  bankers  lend  that 
increase  may  come  ;  her  people  are  the  most  hospitable  in  a  hospitable 
land.  Facing  the />/a2'a  stand  the  cathedral  and  palace;  occupying  the 
other  two  sides  are  the  portales,  where  is  sold  much  that  is  curious  and 
odd  to  the  stranger.  At  night  the  plaza  is  thronged,  and  the  persistence 
of  the  Andaluz  type  may  be  noted  in  the  golden  hair  and  brown  eyes  of 
the  women.  The  mantilla  has  been  replaced  by  dainty  French  bonnets, 
and  Paris  gowns  are  not  unusual.  A  laughing,  chattering,  light-hearted 
crowd  it  is,  as  it  circles  round,  highly  content  in  the  warm,  music-laden 
air. 

But  in  the  early  morning,  the  plaza  pleases  me  best.  I  leave  my 
rooms  near  by  and  meet  the  fresh,  earthy  odor  of  the  newly-watered 
street.  In  the  doorway  opposite  is  Juliana  talking  slyly  to  the  young 
lechero,  who  dallyingly  measures  out  the  morning's  milk.  She  smiles 
brightly  as  she  sees  me,  for  my  guarantee  has  enabled  the  young  man  to 
buy  on  credit  the  burro  standing  at  the  curb.  The  burro  made  longer 
trips  possible  ;  customers  increased,  and  the  young  man  now  regards 
himself  as  one  of  substance,  so  they  are  very  soon  to  be  married.  Who, 
then,  more  deserving  of  a  bright  smile  than  I,  their />a/ro«  ?  As  I  walk 
on,  the  street  movement  increases.  Butchers,  vegetable  men  and  water 
carriers  hasten  to  supply  early  the  morning  wants  of  the  city,  A  mov- 
ing haystack  appears  in  the  distance  ;  as  it  approaches  I  see  the  tiny 
hoofs  and  immense  ears  of  the  patient  little  burro  all  but  lost  in  the 
huge  mass  of  his  burden.  Near  the  fountain  in  the  plaza  I  find  the 
flower  booths,  and  impartially  make  my  choice  from  each.  My  early 
morning  visits  have  made  the  women  friendly  ;  and  between  confidence 
and  jests,  I  am  able  to  piece  out  their  little  stories  —  commonplace 
enough,  perhaps,  for  to  few  come  extremes  of  pleasure  and  pain. 

Concha,  I  know,  is  enamored  of  a  young  mule-driver  whose  train 
comes  from  Bella  Vista  twice  a  month.  Steadiness  and  sobriety  have 
not  always  marked  his  conduct ;  but  of  late  he  has  so  mended  his  ways 
that  Ygnacio,  his  master,  has  once  already  entrusted  him  with  the  care 
of  the  train  and  promises  permanent  advancement  if  deserved.  Concha, 
too,  has  changed  ;  and  no  longer  do  her  beautiful  eyes  constantly  seek  a 
victim.  She  says  that  at  seventeen  one  must  give  over  the  follies  of 
youth. 

Josefa,  as  is  becoming  in  a  young  matron,  sits  demurely  in  her  booth. 
Her  deft  fingers  tie  quickly  into  bunches  the  new-cut  flowers.  She  turns 
now  and  again  to  chirrup  brightly  to  the  little  Josefita,  wrapped  snugly  in 
a  rebozo  by  her  side  ;  the  little  one  shakes  its  diminutive  fists  and  tries  to 
choke  itself  with  a  rose,  gurgling  delightedly  the  while.  Josefa  makes 
me  a  little  bouquet  and  tells  me  business  is  very  good.  She  had  thought 
of  hiring  an  adjoining  garden,  but  the  season  is  backward,  and  if  things 
were  to  go  amiss,  it  would  take  all  she  and  Perfecto  could  earn  to  pay 
the  additional  rent  —  and  that  would  be  bad.  As  it  is  they  are  doing 
well,  very  well. 


84  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

**Oh!"  she  says  confidently,  "there  are  few  as  blessed  as  I.  The 
sun  shines  that  my  flowers  may  bloom.  I  have  little  Josefa  and  Perfecto. 
Can  woman  ask  more  ?  Saw  you  ever  so  good  a  man  as  Perfecto ,  so 
true  and  kind?  As  he  draws  water  from  the  fountain,  he  stops  and 
speaks  to  Josefita,  and  the  child  laughs  and  seems  to  know  him.  Yes  ! 
I  am  indeed  blessed.  And  you,  sefior  —  you  have  a  good  heart  —  why 
have  you  no  "  — she  hesitates  at  her  own  boldness —  "  wife?"  So  happy 
is  she  that  she  would  have  all  the  world  so  content. 

Near  the  fountain  I  find  el  Chiclanero  matador  of  the  bull-fighting 
company  which  furnishes  our  Sunday  amusement.  His  evident  liking 
for  me  I  am  forced  to  deem  a  compliment,  for  in  the  general  estimation 
he  ranks  a  degree  or  so  above  the  president.  He  has  red  curling  hair 
and  blue  eyes,  and  looks  like  an  Irishman.  He  speaks  his  native  pro- 
vincial Andaluz  in  most  bewildering  style.  He  has  little  use  for  half  the 
letters  in  the  alphabet,  and  slurs  over  the  others  in  a  manner  peculiar  to 
his  province.  He  is  very  proud  of  his  profession  and  repeats  again  his 
desire  to  impart  to  me  its  mysteries.  I  would  soon  become  so  skilled 
that  he  would  be  proud  of  me.  We  would  star  the  country  together  and 
make  a  fortune. 

I  am  unyielding  in  my  refusal  to  seek  glory  and  money  in  the  bull 
ring.  I  do  not  tell  him  that  I  once  yielded  to  friendly  persuasion,  and, 
duly  instructed  in  how  to  do  it,  met  a  bull  in  a  corral.  Nor  do  I  tell 
him  how  completely  all  instructions  in  the  art  passed  from  my  mind, 
when  at  the  first  shake  of  the  blanket  the  bull  came  on,  I  forgot  that 
I  was  to  turn  on  one  foot  and  let  him  pass  under  my  arm.  The  corral 
wall  was  high,  but  not  beyond  my  powers  —  assisted  by  the  bull.  The 
memory  of  two  fractured  ribs  gives  an  air  of  truth  to  my  remark  that  the 
Anglo-Saxon  has  not  yet  been  specialized  in  the  direction  of  the  bull 
ring.  My  matador  leaves,  and  soon  Perfecto  stands  before  me.  He  has 
served  his  last  customer  with  water  ;  and  unhooking  the  h.ea.\y  ollas  from 
their  straps  over  his  head,  he  places  them  on  the  ground.  His  white 
calzoncillos  are  rolled  up  to  the  thigh,  and  the  shirt  well  open  at  the 
throat  shows  a  sinewy  neck  and  ample  chest.  He  is  a  model  water-car- 
rier, and  Josefa  is  justly  proud  of  him. 

"Are  you  Cristiano  ?"  he  asked,  as  I  motioned  him  to  a  seat. 

"  No,  only  a  heretic,"  I  answered. 

"That's  bad.    Two  years  ago  we  had  a  heretic  here,  and  " — he  paused. 

"And,"  said  I. 

"  He  died." —  I  looked  properly  surprised  and  was  promptly  rewarded. 
"  Yes  !  he  died  very  suddenly.  He  came  to  convert  us,  and  talked  evil 
of  our  religion.  He  said  his  own  was  the  only  true  religion,  and  he 
offered  us  dismal  music  and  an  idle  Sunday,  for  our  morning  mass  and  a 
bull  fight  in  the  afternoon.  Why  do  your  people  spend  money  sending 
frailecitos  to  this  country  when  we  have  religion  enough  already  ?" 

"  Don't  know,  I'm  sure,"  I  answered.     "  How  did  yovir  frail e  die?" 

"  Some  one  was  dying  ;  and  when  the  priest's  carriage  with  four  white 
mules  passed  the  plaza  we,  of  course,  all  dropped  on  our  knees  as  is  the 
custom.  That  man  stood  up  and  called  us  idolaters,  and  at  that  a  va- 
quero  from  Ameca  shot  him  through  the  head.  It  is  bad  to  be  a  heretic, 
but  much  worse  to  be  ignorant  of  the  customs  of  the  country." 

As  I  stroll  back  to  my  rooms,  I  do  not  doubt  the  crown  of  martyrdom 
could  have  been  avoided  by  judicious  instruction  in  the  elements  of 
politeness. 

Seattle,  Wash. 


Hi 


it:  LAMDMARK! 


INCORPORATED/' 

TO  CONSERVE  THE  MISSIONS  AND 
OTHER  HISTORIC  LANDMARKS  OF 
SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA. 

DiRBCTORS  : 

Fr»nk  A.  Qibaon. 
Henry  W.  O'Melveny. 
J.  Adam. 
Sumner  P.  Hunt. 
Arthur  B  Benton. 
Margaret  Collier  Graham. 
Chas.  P.  Lummis. 


Col.  a.  G.  Otis, 
W.  C.  Patterson, 
Don  Marcos  Forster, 
Mrs.  A.  P.  Coronel, 
John  P.   Francis, 


OFFICERS: 
President,  Chas.  P.  Lummis. 
Vice-President,  Margaret  Collier  Graham. 
Secret«ry,  Arthur  B.  Benton. 

Treasurer,  Frank  A.  Gibson,  Cashier  1st  Nat.  Bank. 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  M.  E.  Stilson, 

Angeleno  Heights,  Los  Angeles. 

ADVISORY  BOARD: 
Jessie  Benton  Fremont, 
R.  Egan, 

Adeline  Steams  Wing, 
Tessa  L.  Kelso, 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis, 
and  others.        (List  to  be  completed  later.) 

Since  the  December  I,and  op  Sunshine  was  printed,  the  movement  therein  fore- 
shadowed h^s  taken  form  by  the  organization  of  this  club,  its  incorporation  under  the 
laws  of  California,  and  its  initiation  of  the  work.  Among  its  incorporators  are  many 
of  the  best-known  business  and  literary  people  in  Southern  California. 

The  objects  of  the  Club  are,  briefly : 

The  immediate  and  permanent  preservation,  from  decay  and  vandalism,  of  the  venerable  Missions  o£  South- 
em  California  ;  the  safeguard  and  conservation  of  any  other  historic  monuments,  relics  or  landmarks  in  this 
section  ;  and  a  general  promotion  of  proper  care  of  all  such  matters.  It  will  be  a  function  of  the  club  to  secure 
a  permanent  fund  to  be  applied  exclusively  to  these  objects. 

A  preliminary  tour  of  expert  inspection  has  been  made  ;  and  from  it  an  estimate 
of  the  most  pressing  necessities  and  their  cost.  There  is  to  be  no  guesswork  in  the 
matter  ;  it  is  a  permanent  and  practical  movement,  of  which  every  step  will  be  taken 
with  the  concurrent  judgment  of  the  historical  student,  the  architect,  the  lawyer  and 
the  business  man. 

Roughly  speaking,  $500  in  each  case  will  practically  ensure  the  .salvation  of  San 
Juan  Capistrano  and  San  I,uis  Rey  for  a  generation  or  more,  about  as  they  now  stand  ; 
leaving  later  work  until  later.  It  is  hoped  to  do  that  much  this  winter  ;  and  after  it, 
to  care  similarly  for  such  other  landmarks  as  may  need  it,  in  the  order  of  their 
importance. 

The  only  requisite  for  membership  in  the  Club  is  the  payment  ol  the  dues,  |i  per 
year.  This  sum  is  practically  net  for  the  cause.  There  are  no  salaries,  no  expenses  ot 
officers,  and  almost  no  running  expenses. 

With  the  February  number  this  magazine  will  begin  to  publish  all  contributions 
to  the  fund  ;  and  the  Club  department  will  have  its  regular  page,  besides  what  space 
may  be  given  to  description  of  general  interest  of  the  landmarks  we  are  trying  to 
preserve.  Several  photo-engravings  in  the  same  number  will  show  something  of  the 
necessities  of  the  work  and  the  points  where  it  will  begin. 

No  man  or  woman  anywhere  who  cares  a  dollar's  worth  to  keep  the  United 
States  from  being  the  only  civilieed  country  in  the  world  which  lets  its  only  ruins 
disappear,  if  barred  from  membership. 


86 

''the  Sister  of  a  Saint. 


BY    MARGARET   COLLIER   GRAHAM. 


GjTF  the  author  of  these  sketches  has  not  introduced  those  of  us  who  do 
I  not  know,  to  the  real  Italy,  she  has  created  for  us  another,  the  air 
J^     of  which  it  is  a  delight  to  breathe. 

After  one  has  said  delight,  one  ponders  a  little,'^for  the  book  is  full'of 
the  pathetic  patience  of  the  poor.  It  is  not  the  poverty  that  pleases,  but 
the  art  that  widens  our  sympathies  and  enables  us  to  take  in  poor  Isolina 
and  Suor'  Amalia  and  Assunta  and  blind  Settima.  All  their  little  pri- 
vations, their  economies,  their  sacrifices  are  handled  delicately,  very 
much  as  a  gentle  woman  bandages  a  wound.  We  know  that  the  writer, 
who  was  near  enough  to  feel  their  sorrows,  was  helpful  without  intrusion, 
and  the  knowledge  comforts  us. 

The  volume  into  which  the  stories,  six  in  number,  are  gathered  is 
appropriately  beautiful,  and  now  that  we  read  them  together  we  are  more 
than  ever  conscious  of  their  finish,  their  literary  daintiness,  their  humor — 
this  latter  of  a  kind  which  comes  always  to  those  who  look  deeply  into 
life  and  are  content  to  look  and  learn  and  never  understand,  and  in  con- 
sequence forbear  to  instruct. 

Of  the  six  tales,  Couleur  de  Rose  seems  to  me  the  best ;  The  Basket  of 
Anita  the  least  worthy.  But  whatever  one  may  think  of  them  com- 
paratively, the  art  is  good  art,  honest  art  in  the  main,  and  as  such  it  is 
more  creditable  to  California  than  all  the  local  color  that  was  ever  used 
to  paint  the  face  of  ignorance. 


Greetings  from  the  West. 


BY  JULIA    BOYNTON   GREEN. 


Los  Angeles, 


Beloved,  greeting  from  the  West ! 

God  speed  your  ice-bound  Christmas  cheer, 

Stern  and  traditional  and  dear — 

But  we  have  left  that  with  the  rest. 

And  often  as  I  write  I  stop 
To  try  to  fancy  snow  and  sleet. 
While  on  my  page  in  mockery  sweet 
The  perfumed  orange  petals  drop. 

My  thought  beclouds  this  perfect  sky  ; 
This  breeze  I.greaten  to  a  ^ale 
Whose  gusts  adown  the  chimney  wail 
To  heighten  Yuletide  jollity. 

The  while  shines  on  our  constant  sun  ; 
This  turquoise  concave  overhead 
Smiles  down  the  insult  I  have  said 
And  will  not  be  by  mists  undone. 

The  while  the  affronted  sea-breeze  grieves^ 
Through  my  tall  pine,  and  from  its  bough 
Comes,  balsam-burdened,  and  on  brow 
And  cheek  forgiving  kisses  leaves. 

Can  this  be  Yule  ?  no  stinted  dole 
Of  joy  Earth  gives  her  children  here, 
But  brims  the  measure  all  the  year. 
Peace  and  good  will^to  every  soul. 


*  The  Sister  of  a  Saint,  and  Other  Stories :  by  Grace  Ellery  Channing . 


87 


Charles  Dudley  Warner  will  contribute  to  the  February  number  a 
charmingly  suggestive  article  on  "Race  and  Climate."  The  dean  of 
American  magazine  writers,  and  probably  the  most  genial  presence  in 
American  literature  today,  with  a  charm  all  his  own  and  a  ripeness  rare 
in  all  times,  but  doubly  rare  now,  Mr.  Warner  commands  an  audience, 
whatever  his  subject.  He  is  especially  fitted  to  speak  in  a  literary  way 
of  the  influence  of  climate  on  man,  for  he  has  traveled  as  widely  and  as 
seeingly  as  he  has  read,  and  knows  the  face  of  practically  all  the  Lands 
of  the  Sun .  He  raises  many  questions  which  are  not  only  interesting  to 
every  intelligent  reader,  but  of  deep  importance  to  humanity. 

Among  the  other  contents  of  the  February  number  will  be  a  powerful 
story  by  Lillian  Corbett  Barnes  ;  a  sketch  of  that  unique  Spanish- 
American  donkey,  the  Burro,  by  an  old  friend  of  his,  very  takingly  illus- 
trated ;  the  Petrified  Forest ;  our  Chinatown  —  and,  besides,  the  usual 
liberal  measure  of  interesting  text  and  illustration. 

Many  worthy  gentlemen  who  scratch  what  horizon  they  have    their 
with  all  their  elbows,  every  lime  they  turn  around,  have  dis-  shadows 

cussed  with  becoming  gravity  if  such  things  can  be  as  "an  American 
literature,"  "a  Western  literature,"  and  the  like,  with  or  without  our 
special  wonder.  They  have  pretty  thoroughly  decided  that  there  can- 
not. A  local  art  is  impossible  to  the  economies  of  the  Universe  as  they 
permit  it.  Evolution  may  do  to  decimate  the  toes  of  a  horse,  or  to 
specialize  all  an  ape's  hair  to  his  top  ;  but  it  may  not  touch  our  brains. 
Environment  has  created  a  few  thousand  languages,  each  at  odds  with 
all  the  rest ;  but  it  dare  not  diflferentiate  thought  —  nor  even  the  dress  of 
thought.  "  Literature  "  must  be  not  provincial  but  cosmopolitan  ;  and, 
as  every  self- respected  dictionary  knows,  "cosmopolitan  "  means  New 
York  or  London,  "  provincial  "  means  everywhere  else.  Even  Boston, 
the  one-time  Athens,  has  at  last  been  elected  a  province  by  its  biggers  if 
not  its  betters.  Cosmopolitan  literature  seems  to  tend  to  be  literature 
which  turns  up  its  trousers  when  London  is  rained  on. 

As  a  fact  in  cold  blood,  nearly  all  great  literature  has  been  local. 
America  and  today  are  the  only  place  and  time  wherein  to  be  racy  of  the 
soil  has  been  to  be  "  no  art."  A  gentleman  frequently  known  as  Homer 
did  something  purely  local  which  has  managed  to  last  —  local  in  every 
line.  The  greatest  novel  ever  written  in  any  tongue  (and  the  second- 
greatest  book)  was  a  novel  of  locality  ;  and  its  one  superior  was  not 
exactly  cosmopolitan.  There  is  a  reason  why  Don  Quixote  cannot  be 
translated  into  English  nor  Shakspere  into  French. 


BEFORE. 


88  LAND   OF  SUNSHINE. 

The  man  who  cannot  tell  today,  with  a  page,  whether  the  genius  of 
the  book  in  his  hand  (if  it  be  poem,  novel  or  other  pure  literature)  be 
German,  Polish,  French,  English  or  No-Man's  Land  "  Modern,"  wasted 
what  time  he  was  learning  to  read.  Of  American  literature,  only,  you 
cannot  be  sure — unless  you  befall  some  untutored  child  of  nature  like 
Mark  Twain. 

Now  the  Lion  believes  in  evolution  —  and  believes  not  alone  with  his 
mouth.  Also,  that  the  apes  better  become  former  than  present  genera- 
tions. He  has  faith  that  when  the  coral-"  insect "  experiment  shall 
have  been  enough  tested,  individuality  will  again  take  its  turn.  He 
presumes  that  when  mankind  shall  have  tired  of  seeing  how  like  three 
peas  in  a  pod  it  can  be,  it  will  find  a  sudden  worth  in  originality.  Then, 
writers  who  never  saw  a  lord  or  a  hawthorn  may  prefer  the  new  to  the 
threadbare,  and  even  conceive  that  the  Almighty  made  the  cactus  as 
honestly  as  He  did  the  heather.  Then,  an  American  peer  may  be  counted 
as  good  material  as  a  little-lord-fauntleroy  ;  and  our  mocker  as  melodious 
as  the  throstle  which  its  American  celebrants  wouldn't  know  from 
Adam's  father-in-law  if  they  met  the  two  in  the  brush.  When  that  day 
of  honesty  comes,  and  superstition  is  lifted  from  letters  —  then  we  shall 
have  an  American  literature  ;  and  every  man  Jack  of  us  will  write  of 
nature  and  of  life  as  he  sees  them,  and  not  as  he  has  been  taught  to 
imagine  they  look  to  a  blind  man  in  a  London  fog. 

But  it  is  always  to  be  remembered  that  local  literature  is  something 
more  than  ill  English  and  a  provincial  color.  Homer  did  not  construct 
a  cribbage-board  epic  and  then  peg  out  with  an  Athenian  directory.  It 
is  not  an  injection  of  sabots  and  the  Marseillaise  which  makes  a  French 
story  French.  The  German  trademark  is  not  pure  edelweiss  and  lieber 
gott.  It  is  the  point  of  view,  the  sinews  in  the  fingers,  that  tell  us. 
Every  nation  has  its  own  mental  attitude,  characteristic  and  unmistak- 
able ;  that  we  have  not,  is  simply  because  we  are  not  yet  a  nation  —  in 
anything  but  size  and  money.  America,  being  undigested  yet,  can 
hardly  be  so  easy  of  analysis  as  the  old,  homogeneous  countries  ;  but  it 
should  have  already  at  least  one  token.  Its  expression  should  be  newer, 
broader,  less  tired  ;  more  hopeful  and  more  tolerant,  since  it  is  the  first 
broad  proving-ground  of  the  brotherhood  of  man,  the  one  land  which 
all  bloods  are  "making."  It  should  have  more  of  the  impulse  of 
youth,  yet  more  of  the  long  sight  of  him  who  stands  upon  the  shoulders 
of  all  that  have  gone  before. 

And  amid  America,  the  West  at  least  should  need  no  tag.  Unless 
history  is  a  fool  and  evolution  a  liar,  it  must  produce  a  literature  dis- 
tinguishable. It  has  all  the  advantages  of  the  East,  for  its  people  were 
born  and  bred  there  ;  with  the  higher  education  added  by  transplanting — 
not  to  mention  the  climatic  aperient.  Shall  the  man  who  has  discovered 
that  he  can  saddle  his  own  horse  and  his  own  thought  without  a  valet  or 
a  precedent,  be  vague  amid  the  crowd  of  those  who  hire  both  done  ?  Is 
he  like  to  write,  who  has  learned  that  geography  and  the  grace  of  God 
do  not  end  with  Jersey  City,  just  as  the  same  notch  of  a  man  writes  who 
judges  Creation  by  the  Fourt'  Ward?      It   is   a  thing  one   would  feel 


IN    THE    LION'S    DEN.  S9 

ashamed  to  argue  with  sealed  kittens,  were  it  not  that  the  judges  and 
most  of  the  makers  of  literature  make  themselves  believe  they  have  for- 
gotten the  laws  of  gravitation. 

There  will  be  an  American  literature  —  even  a  Western  literature.  It 
will  come  when  coherent  spirit  and  unborrowed  sight  do.  And  no 
thanks  to  either  the  Western  maverick  or  the  Eastern  stalled  ox.  No 
concurrence  of  Garlands  can  hasten  nor  of  Gilders  retard  it ;  it  will  be 
by  the  laws  of  Nature,  which  luckily  do  not  have  to  depend  on  the 
intelligence  of  her  orphans  to  keep  them  operative.  The  same  eternal 
truths  which  begot  upon  Greece  a  literature  whose  face  is  fair  and  clear 
through  all  the  ages  will  give  us  as  sure  an  heir — when  we  are  fit  for 
parentage.  An  American  literature?  We  had  like  to  have  had  it  more 
than  a  generation  ago  ;  and  Poe,  Hawthorne,  Whittier,  Bryant.  Holmes, 
Emerson,  Longfellow  and  their  mates  were  its  evangels.  But  then  the 
War  with  its  barbarian  after-rush  turned  it  all  upside  down,  and  unmade 
us  from  a  Nation  to  a  country,  and  gave  us  to  do  it  all  over.  It  will  take 
longer,  now  —  but  it  will  be  done. 

A  "  local  magazine  "  this  is  and  always  will  be  —  but  never  a       finite 
narrow  one.     Over  a  year  ago  it  had  some  remarks  to  make  ^^^  ^^^ 

NARROW. 

about  the  breadth  of  its  field.  If  the  outlook  was  large  then,  it  is  vast 
now.  Fourteen  months'  quarrying  give  it  to  believe  the  supply  practically 
inexhaustible. 

So  far  as  its  boundaries  are  concerned,  it  does  not  need  to  be  narrow — 
they  are  wide  enough  for  any  but  a  board-fenced  mind.  Geographically, 
its  area  is  California,  New  Mexico,  Arizona  and  whatever  further  patches 
constitute  the  Southwest.  In  that  area  there  is  probably  a  wider  range 
and  variety  of  subject-matter  than  in  all  the  rest  of  the  Union  put 
together ;  besides  which,  this  is  exclusively  the  romantic  corner  of  the 
United  States  as  well  as  the  wonderland  of  the  continent.  The  tallest 
and  noblest  peaks  in  the  United  States,  the  deepest  and  noblest  chasms 
in  the  world,  the  most  picturesque  aboriginal  life  in  America,  our  finest 
(and  our  only)  ruins,  the  strangest  and  grandest  scenery,  the  most 
remarkable  geographic  contrasts — all  are  in  this  extraordinary  area.  So, 
too,  is  the  latest  and  highest  development  of  modern  civilization,  the 
climax  of  human  achievement  to  date,  the  most  radical  and  important 
experiment  ever  made  by  the  race  which  just  now  stands  at  the  head  of 
the  world.  More  than  tliat.  Here  is  a  microcosm  of  itself.  Every 
potentiality  of  all  humanity  and  all  time  is  in  the  human  beings  of  now 
and  here.  They  are  not  limited  because  they  have  interesting  and  unique 
environment.  And  while  literature  anywhere  has  the  whole  gamut  of 
man  at  its  command,  it  is  not  everywhere  that  it  can  study  side  by  side 
the  modes  of  life  of  Abraham  and  Edison. 

California  is  logically  the  commercial  and  political  focus  of  the  entire 
Southwest ;  and  this  magazine  will  aim  to  carry  out  that  logic.  While 
it  believes  in  the  brotherhood  of  man,  it  believes  the  first  way  to  unify 
the  whole  is  to  unify  the  parts  ;  and  it  will  be  very  well  content  if  it  can 
aid  in  working  out  the  destiny  of  mutual  understanding  and  final  coher- 
ence in  the  million  Square  miles  which  constitutes  the  Southwest. 


THAT 

WHICH  IS 
WRITTEH 


The  exhausted  hero  sank  upon  the 
plains.     "  In  a  short  while  the  prairie- 
dogs  were  howling  around  him,   and  the 
next  day  the  crows  found  all  that  the  beasts  had  left." 
IN  THE  '  Made   up?      No,   this  gem   is   from   a    New    York 

HOTBED  '«  weekly  illustrated  magazine  "    {Chips,   Nov.  9).     It  may  be 

OF  WISDOM,  yj-ge^  tiiat  Chips  is  hardly  a  fair  sample  of  Eastern  culture,  and 
that  some  people  Back  Yonder  do  not  have  to  chase  the  dictionary  to 
learn  what  a  rodent  is.  Which  is  all  very  true.  It  is  not  so  much  the 
extent  of  ignorance  to  which  we  object ;  the  serious  part  of  it  is  that 
people  who  reflect  with  their  feet  and  reason  with  their  elbows  are  so 
much  permitted  to  peddle  their  darkness.  The  tale  of  the  ravening 
prairie-dogs  is  perhaps  the  howlingest  thing  that  was  ever  printed 
seriously,  even  in  New  York  ;  but  it  is  only  the  extreme  in  a  prevailing 
type  which  is  all  the  time  cropping  out.  The  Youth's  Companion  of  the 
same  week  had  an  almost  equally  ridiculous  story.  Hoofs  and  Wheels. 
Untruthful  in  every  pore,  ignorant  of  all  it  tries  to  portray,  it  gives  false 
impressions  and  false  information  to  the  young  readers  of  the  best 
juvenile  weekly.  And  almost  in  the  same  breath  comes  the  New  York 
Independent — one  of  the  oldest  and  strongest  religious  papers  in  the 
country  —  calling  ILv^Vixx^'s  Jungle  Book  **  twaddle,"  "  flimsy,"  "inane" 
and  "cheap,"  and  crying  aloud  for  someone  to  give  us  some  "  honest, 
homemade  American  "  mental  fodder.  But  really  there  seems  no  need 
for  authors  to  hasten  to  our  rescue  so  long  as  there  remain  plenty  of 
Independents  for  those  who  prefer  that  sort  to  Kipling. 

When  California  writers  are  putting  out  such  books  as  John 
Muir's  and  Margaret  Collier  Graham's  and  Ina  Coolbrith's  and 
Grace  EHery  Channing's,  all  within  a  year,  the  disciples  of  anew 
dispensation  in  the  West  may  change  their  "  by-and-by  "  from  apology  to 
prophecy.  It  is  not  by  accident  that  such  work  is  seeing  the  light  here  ; 
not  a  repetition  of  the  California  dawn  when  a  few  brilliant  chancelings 
plucked  the  world  by  the  ear.  Creative  power  does  not  advance  with  the 
progress  of  civilization,  but  culture  does ;  and  these  books  are  typical 
of  the  new  California — of  high  culture. 

All  four  of  these  books  are  literature.  The  two  first  (which  are  also 
longest  published)  have  been  as  highly  praised  by  the  whole  cry  of 
Eastern  critics  as  any  books  of  the  year  ;  and  the  two  latter,  fresh  from 
the  press,  are  worthy  of  their  company. 

In  The  Sister  of  a  Saint,  Grace  EHery  Channing  (now  Mrs.  Channing- 
Stetson  of  Pasadena)  adds  a  specific  new  luster  to  the  little  band  of 


AN  HONOR 

TO  ITS 

COMPANY 


THAT   WHICH    IS    WRITTEN-  9^ 

literary  Californians.  For  that  matter,  she  does  credit  to  American 
letters  in  general.  The  short  story  is  the  diamond  of  fiction,  in  brilliancy, 
difl5culty  and  rarity ;  and  there  are  so  few  American  short  story  writers 
of  the  first  class  that  one  more  counts.  We  have  certainly  our  share. 
Apart  as  are  their  points  of  view,  and  their  touch,  unlike  as  is  their  art 
in  all  things  except  that  it  is  art,  Mrs.  Channing  and  Mrs.  Graham  swell 
the  small  circle  of  the  elect  at  almost  the  same  time. 

The  finest  quality  of  The  Sister  of  a  Saint,  I  take  it,  is  its  human 
touch  and  insight.  This  without  disrespect  to  its  technique,  which  is 
admirable.  Having  a  story  to  tell  (the  alpha  of  literature),  it  knows 
how  to  get  at  it — and  this  is,  though  not  the  omega,  at  least  down  to 
upsilon.  We  have  a  common  error  of  confounding  art  with  artifice, 
which  are  as  far  apart  as  wisdom  from  smartness  ;  but  it  is  an  error  into 
which  these  stories  never  fall.  All  through  the  telling  they  shake  the 
heart  and  leave  the  eyes  uncertain.  That  is  what  stories  are  for  ;  and 
one  such  is  worth  a  million  of  the  now  prevailing  smartnesses  wherein 
many  authors  (and  not  always  obscure  ones)  are  perennially  lifting  them- 
selves by  the  mental  boot-straps. 

Four  of  the  six  stories  are  of  Italy ;  and  though  their  field  is  alien, 
their  touch  is  inevitable  and  straight  to  the  heart,  wherever  human  nature 
is  human.  There  are  few  higher  compliments  to  an  author  than  that 
he  makes  us  feel  for  the  moment  that  a  poor  foreigner  is  really  human, 
like  Us — and  not  a  mere  lay  figure  whereon  to  display  the  writer's  skill 
as  a  tailor. 

Couleur  de  Rose,  the  longest  story  in  the  book,  is  a  noble  piece  of  work 
from  whatever  point  of  view.  The  Colonial  tale  is  excellent  in  its  line  ; 
and  the  one  California  motif,  The  Basket  of  Anita,  is  a  new,  delicate  and 
characteristic  handling  of  a  theme  tempting  but  dangerous  to  novices. 
Some,  who  have  never  enough  acquired  the  confidence  of  their  Maker  to 
know  that  He  also  created  Other  People,  will  find  "  Manuel "  idealized  ; 
I  count  him  a  remarkably  successful  drawing  of  a  difficult  figure.  But 
it  is  my  disadvantage  to  know  his  type  intimately,  and  not  to  guess  at 
him  from  the  superiority  of  ignorance.  Mrs.  Channing  has  had  to  divine 
what  he  is  ;  but  her  intuition  of  the  human  secret  has  served  her 
admirably. 

Beyond  a  few  misprints  like  "  broncho,"  "  Manuelo  "  for  Manuel,  and 
"mille"  for  mil,  the  book  is  excellently  perfect;  and  it  is  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  of  the  year. 

It  was  admirably  worth  while  to  bring  together  in  so  chaste    '  songs 
and  charming  a  volume  Ina  Coolbrith's  California  poems.     At  ^^om  the 

this  date  there  is  no  need  to  discuss  Miss  Coolbrith's  rights  as  a  golden  gate. 

poet,  for  she  won  her  spurs  long  ago  and  beyond  cavil  ;  but  this  massing  of 
her  work  will  certainly  add  to  her  fame.  Seriatim,  it  has  been  enjoyed  ; 
collected,  it  vindicates  its  claim  to  permanency.  The  verse  is  of  a  high 
average  ;  delicate,  clear,  elevated  and  of  a  genuine  poetic  feeling  ;  and  in 
such  occasional  bursts  as  the  opening  poem  "  California,"  and  the  one  of 
Rain-in-the-Face,  it  strikes  a  note  of  unusual  strength  and  resonance. 


THAT 

HELPS. 


92  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE 

The  book  is  mechanically  in  the  unfailing  good  style  of  the  Riverside 
Press.  The  untutored  West  would  like  to  know,  however,  by  what 
authority  such  a  house  as  Houghton,  Mifflin  &  Co.  have  used,  all  through 
the  book,  the  dieresis  (e)  in  place  of  the  accent  {€)  in  such  case  made 
and  provided  for  words  like  beloved.     Boston,  I1.25. 

A  HELP  Decidedly    the    handsomest    and    most    convenient    pocket- 

dictionary  for  the  beginner  in  Spanish  or  the  business-man  who 
has  some  need  of  such  a  reference-book,  is  the  Excelsior  English- 
Spanish  and  Spanish- E7iglish  Dictionary,  by  A.  M.  A.  Beal.  Real 
"pocket-size,"  round-cornered,  bound  in  Russia  and  with  a  double 
marginal  index,  its  make-up  really  leaves  nothing  to  be  desired.  Its 
arrangement  is  equally  convenient.  The  vocabulary  covers  about  60,000 
words  of  those  most  likely  to  be  needed  by  the  class  for  whom  it  is  pre- 
pared ;  including  a  great  number  of  technical  and  trade  terms.  Names, 
geographical  terms,  weights  and  measures,  irregular  verbs,  currency, 
etc.,  are  also  tabulated  and  explained  in  both  languages  in  a  labor-saving 
manner.  An  excellent  new  feature  is  the  insertion  of  blank  pages  for 
words  the  reader  may  care  to  add.  The  Excelsior  Pub.  House,  29  and  31 
Beekman  St.,  N.  Y.     $2. 

MARY  A  new  book  by  the  author  of  The  Led-Horse  Claim  is  always  welcome,  both 

HALLOCK  for  its  own  sake  and  as  an  addition  to  Western  literature.    Mrs.  Foote's 

FOOTE.  The  Cup  of  Trembling,  just  out,  is  in  several  respects  her  best  work.  It 
shows  growth  in  power  without  loss  of  zest.  Here  are  four  short  stories 
very  far  out  of  the  common  ;  very  real,  but  not  at  all  after  the  sort  of  the  mud-puddle 
realists ;  usually  tragic,  but  not  with  that  mode  of  tragedy  which  alienates  the  reader  ; 
plenty  human,  and  with  a  good  sense  of  proportion  Above  all,  they  are  wholly  inter- 
esting. An  occasional  sentence  gives  one  to  rage  that  a  writer  who  can  make  such 
arrowy  prose  as  she  can,  will  make  such  snarled  clauses  as  she  sometimes  permits 
herself.  But  as  to  the  contagion  and  value  of  these  stories  of  the  Northwest  there  are 
no  two  opinions— nor  of  the  rare  beauty  of  her  cameos  at  her  best.  Mrs.  Foote  is  one 
of  the  few  authors  who  can  illustrate  her  own  books  admirably  ;  and  it  is  a  disap- 
pointment that  this  one  does  not  complement  the  charm  of  her  pen  with  the  charm 
of  her  brush.     Houghton,  Miflflin  &  Co.,  Boston,  $1.25. 

'■'^'^^^'^  If  one  has  to  grow  impatient  now  and  again  with  the  limita- 

LEAVES.  tions  of  The  Critic—  limitations  which  are,  after  all,  mostly  the 

fault  of  its  congenital  horizon— one  is  glad  to  begin  all  over  at  such  fine 
larger  flashes  as  its  review  of  Kipling'sy««^/<?  Book  and  of  Kipling  as  a 
jungler,  in  its  issue  of  Nov.  23.  Critical  uncriticlikeuess  such  as  this, 
and  one  of  the  reviews  of  Stories  of  the  Foothills,  and  a  recent 
leader  on  the  "advantages  of  ignorance"  (or  words  to  that  effect) 
almost  persuade  one  to  be,  if  not  a  Critic,  at  least  a  life-subscriber. 

John  Muir,  the  prophet  of  the  Sierra,  has  just  been  visible  in  this  end  of  the  State 
for  the  first  time  in  19  years.  To  the  sorrow  of  letters,  he  has  a  good  fruit- ranch  and 
a  disinclination.  The  Lion  has  anything  but  a  grudge  against  Mr.  Muir  ;  but  does 
wish  that  destiny  knew  its  business  a  little  better.  Any  fool  can  be  comfortable  ;  but 
men  who  can  climb  a  Sierra  pine  to  find  the  heart  of  a  Sierra  storm,  have  no  business 
to  be.  To  pick  prunes  when  immortality  is  ripe  is  good  "  business  ;  "  but  Mr.  Muir's 
writing  will  last  a  good  deal  longer  than  his  dried  fruit ;  and  we  wish  he  would  prune 
less  and  pen  more. 

Ina  Coolbrith  has  this  month  been  visiting  her  long-ago  home  in  Los  Angeles  ; 
and  many  friends  are  glad  to  note  her  full  recovery  from  a  long  illness. 


*  AZUSA. 


BY    MARY    M.    BOWMAN. 


ZUSA  lies  at  the  mouth  of  the  principal  canon  of  Southern  Cali- 
fornia, only  about  a  mile  below  the  point  where  the  gorge  of 
the  San  Gabriel  river  emerges  suddenly  from  the  Sierra  Madre 
and  fans  out  into  the  richest  valley  in  America,  the  far-famed  San 
Gabriel.  To  the  traveler  whirled  through  on  a  Santa  Fe  train  the  valley 
just  there  is  likely  to  be  deceptive  ;  for  the  wash  of  the  river  is  broad 
and  sown  with  boulders,  and  the  face  of  the  landscape  near  the  track 
seems  largely  occupied  with  brush.  But  one  who  alights  at  the  Azusa 
station  and  really  inspects  the  locality,  is  rather  bewildered  by  finding 
one  of  the  most  productive  and  charming  corners  in  California. 
The  historv  of  the  Azusa  rancho  is  that  of  most  other  localities  in  the 


L.  A   Eog.  Co. 


THE  GRIFFITH  BLOCK 


Photo,  by  Maude. 


San  Gabriel  valley — a  Mexican  grant  of  many  leagues  given  to  a  favored 
citizen,  over  whose  broad  acres  roamed  vast  herds  of  cattle  and  bands  of 
sheep ;  then  the  advent  of  the  American,  into  whose  hands  the  land 
passed,  for  what  seems  now  a  ridiculously  small  sum  ;  increased  activi- 
ties around  the  hacienda,  and  the  disappearance  of  that  happy-go-lucky 
life  of  before  the  locomotive. 

Then  came  the  late  lamented  boom,  with  resulting  advantages  far 
out-numbering  the  disadvantages  ;  followed  by  the  sober  second-thought 
that  real  wealth  lay,  not  in  town  sites  and  lots  at  fabulous  prices,  but 
in  the  marvelous  possibilities  of  the  soil  and  the  life-giving,  health- 
restoring  climate.  Some  towns  that  sprang  up  in  a  night,  full-fledged 
with  fine  tourist  hotels,  street  cars  and  college  sites,  have  gone  back  tq 
acreage  ;  and  orchards  of  citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  are  yielding  their 
harvest  where  people  stood  the  night  through  for  the  privilege  of  buy- 
ing a  few  feet  of  "climate  with  the  land  thrown  in." 


AZUSA. 


95 


The  town  of  Azusa  was  laid  out  during  the  excitement  of  1887,  with 
the  customary  auction  sale,  brass  bands  and  free  lunches.  But  unlike 
some  of  its  less  fortunate  neighbors,  it  soon  assumed  an  air  of  business 
solidity  and  permanent  prosperity.  Its  shaded  streets,  cement  side- 
walks, handsome  residences  and  fine  school  houses  convey  an  impres- 
sion of  much  greater  age  than  it  has.  It  is  abreast  of  the  spirit  of  the 
times  in  sustaining  a  kindergarten  and  a  high  school.  There  are 
three  churches,  Presbyterian,  Methodist  and  Baptist.  The  latter  has  in 
process  of  erection  a  fine  edifice,  that  would  do  credit  to  a  much  larger 
though  less  liberal  community.  In  brick  business  blocks  the  town  is 
also  admirably  equipped.  The  Griffith  block,  in  which  the  postoffice  is 
located,  is,  in  finish  and  furnishings  for  business,  of  a  quality  one  would 
look  for  only  in  the  larger  cities. 

Schools,  churches  and  business  blocks  are  potent  factors  in  the  pro- 


1.    A.  Elig.  Cu. 


HB.SlDt.NCE  OF   W.    C.   OHMISTON. 


grass  of  a  community,  but  it  is  not  on  these  alone  that  Azusa  depends 
for  its  material  advancement.  The  town  stretches  away  imperceptibly 
into  thrifty  groves  of  oranges,  lemons,  and  deciduous  fruits,  the  quality 
of  which  is  fast  bringing  this  part  of  the  valley  to  the  front  as  a  fruit 
growing  district  unsurpassed  in  Southern  California.  The  Azusa  country 
took  two  gold  medals  for  Navel  oranges,  and  one  for  Mediterranean 
Sweets  at  the  Midwinter  fair  at  San  Francisco  in  1894.  Though  there 
are  some  old  orchards  of  seedlings  still  standing— the  remains  of  early 
attempts  at  citrus  culture— tree  planting  did  not  begin  in  earnest  until 
after  the  real  estate  craze  subsided  in  1.S8S.  Few  orange  groves  in  the 
valley  are  more  than  six  years  old,  though  it  is  difficult  to  realize  this 
when  driving  through  the  long  rows  of  large,  thrifty-looking  trees,  so 
heavily  laden  with  golden  fruit  that  the  over-weighted  limbs  have  to  be 
sustained  by  props  to  prevent  breaking,  while  the  air  is  heavy  with  the 
perfume  of  blossoms— assurance  of  the  next  year's  richer  harvest.  Last 
year  the  locality  shipped  east  600  car  loads  of  lemons    and   oranges. 


96 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


In  three  years  more  this  amount  will  double  ;  and  it  will  increase  pro- 
portionately in  the  future  as  the  area  planted  extends.  It  would  be 
diflScult  to  predict  what  it  may  become  in  the  next  decade.  The  supe- 
rior keeping  qualities  of  the  Azusa  navel  orange  were  demonstrated  by 
shipments  to  London ,  England,  the  past  two  seasons.  After  the  long 
journey  by  sea  and  land  (twenty-six  days)  the  fruit  arrived  in  prime  con- 
dition and  brought  good  prices.  This  was  the  first  experiment  in  send- 
ing oranges  abroad. 

The  soil  is  equally  well  adapted  to  the  growth  of  deciduous  fruits, 
which  are  dried  before  shipping.  In  the  opinion  of  a  leading  orchard- 
ist,  aside  from  oranges  and  lemons,  olives  and  apricots  will  eventually 
prove  the  most  profitable.  Small  fruits  yield  abundantly ;  straw- 
berries, blackberries  and  raspberries  are  shipped  extensively  to  Los 
Angeles  and  other  markets.  The  grower  of  the  slow  growing  trees 
finds  himself  possessed  of  a  comfortable  immediate  income  by  planting 


RANCH    HOUSE  OF  A.   P.    GRIFFITH, 


thoto.  by  Maude. 


berries  between  the  rows  in  his  orchard.  The  strawberry,  especially, 
defies  time  and  seasons.  Set  out  in  the  autumn,  it  bears  the  first  crop 
in  the  spring,  and  keeps  on  bearing  more  or  less  through  the  year,  the 
berries  being  quite  as  fine  in  December  as  in  June. 

Climate  and  soil  would  be  impotent  in  producing  these  mar- 
velous results  of  horticulture  were  the  third  and  most  necessary  ele- 
ment lacking.  "Saint  Zanja "  is  the  most  important  in  Southern 
California's  calendar  of  saints.  Without  the  moisture  dispensed  by 
his  bounty  we  should  invoke  the  beneficence  of  earth,  air,  and  sky  in 
vain  ;  with  it,  crops  are  as  certain  as  the  sunshine.  The  San  Gabriel 
river  has  its  source  up  among  the  lofty  peaks  of  the  Sierra  Madre. 
It  tumbles  noisily  down  the  rocky  cation,  pure,  clear,  and  cold.  Above 
the  mouth  of  the  canon  the  stream  is  diverted  through  an  extensive 
system  of  pipes  and  cement  ditches,  or  zanjas,  for  domestic  use  and  irri- 
gation. The  Azusa  Irrigating  Company,  composed  of  the  ranch  owners, 
has  completed  this  system  in  the  last  eight  months,   at  a  cost  of  one 


AZUSA. 


97 


L.  A.  tug.  Co. 


THE  AZUSA   HOTEL. 


Photo   by  Maude. 


hundred  thousand  dollars.  It  is  one  of  the  rare  cases  where  the  people 
own  their  own  water-supply,  and  the  members  of  the  company  must  be 
dona  fide  owners  of  the  land  to  hold  water-stock.  The  ownership  of 
land  implies  the  right  to  a  certain  amount  of  water  ;  for  water  and  land 
are  bought  and  sold  together,  and  the  title  in  one  is  just  as  absolute  as 
in  the  other.  Besides  this  general  system,  Mr.  Alfred  P.  Griffith  has  a 
very  complete  special  system  of  waterworks  to  meet  all  the  require- 
ments of  his  200  acres  of  land. 

At  the  cold  storage  works  the  pure  water  of  the  San  Gabriel  is  trans- 
formed into  crystal  ice  by  the  Azusa  Ice  and  Cold  Storage   Company, 


I.   A.  EDf.  Co. 


1  I 

AZUSA  PUBLIC  SCHOOL. 


Photo,  by  Maude 


98 


LAND    or  SUNSHINE, 


which  is  shipped  out  in  big,  sparkling  blocks,  a  large  quantity  being 
used  by  the  Santa  Fe  route  for  refrigerator  cars.  The  total  length  of  the 
ditches  and  pipe  of  the  Azusa  system  is  thirty-five  miles.  In  construct- 
ing a  tunnel  and  in  the  development  of  this  enterprise,  the  company 
has  acquired  water  power  sufi&cient  to  operate  electric  cars,  lighting 
plants,  and  manufactories,  whenever  the  time  shall  be  ripe  for  such  en- 
terprises. The  primitive  cabins  of  pioneer  days  are  fast  disappearing ; 
displaced  by  cosy  cottages  and  elegant  villas,  surrounded  by  well  kept 
grounds,  rich  with  trees  and  perfect  flowers. 

The  "mother  mountains"  are  close  by,  with  their  charms  of  scenery 
and  recreation.  The  San  Gabriel  is  not  only  the  most  important,  but 
the  most  popular  canon  in  the  whole  range.  Its  trout  fishing,  hunting, 
and  camping  pleasures  are  unsurpassed,  if  equaled.  The  cabins  of  the 
Ivos  Angeles  Creel  Club  and  the  Pasadena  Bait  Club  (both  private)  are 
there  ;  and  so  is  the  delightful  camp  of  the  Follows  brothers,  the  best 
of  hosts  and  guides. 

The  main  Sierra  Madre  almost  overhangs  Azusa  on  the  north  ;  and 
to  the  east  the  San  Bernardino  peaks,  snow-capped  and  noble,  frame 
the  wonderful  picture.  On  the  south  the  blue  line  of  the  Puente  hills 
rims  the  valley  ;  and  westward,  toward  Pasadena,  towns  and  villages  dot 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


AN  AZUSA   NAVEL  ORANGE  GROVE. 


Photo,  by  Maude. 


the  landscape  like  pearls  upon  a  field  of  emerald  velvet.  From  the  mesa 
next  the  foothills,  the  valley  appears  one  vast  orchard  of  symmetrical, 
glossy  orange  trees,  with  the  fruit  turning  to  gold  in  the  warm  winter 
sun.  There  is  no  dividing  line  between  town  and  country,  save  the 
long  ranks  of  pepper  and  eucalyptus-shaded  roads,  and  the  water 
ditches  glistening  in  the  light  like  silver  ribbons  across  the  green  back- 
ground. 

Azusa  is  on  the  main  line  of  the  Santa  Fe  Route.  The  Elsinore  R.  R.  is 
about  to  begin  construction  from  Azusa  to  Elsinore,  via  Covin  a  and  Po- 
mona. 

An  important  factor  in  the  prosperity  of  Azusa  is  the  A.  C.  G.  Ex- 
change. The  citrus  interests  of  the  valley  had  become  somewhat  de- 
moralized by  the  packers,  who  would  not  buy  oranges,  but  shipped 
them  East  on  commission — a  serious  detriment  to  the  grower,  and  no 
benefit  to  the  consumer.  So  in  the  fall  of  1893  the  growers  themselves 
organized  the  A.  C.  G.  Exchange,  to  handle  properly  the  citrus  crop  of 
the  valley.  It  was  a  member  of  the  San  Antonio  Exchange  ;  and  that  in 
turn  of  the  Southern  California  Fruit  Exchange.     Two  years  later  the 


AZUSA. 


99 


citrus  growers  of  Azusa,  Covina,  and  Glendora  organized,  for  more  spe- 
cific benefit  of  the  whole  valley,  the  A.  C.  G.  Exchange,  which  is  now 
packing  some  fine  fruit  for  fruit  so  early.  California  oranges  cannot  be 
said  to  reach  perfection  till  about  February  i,  but  the  trade  demands 
oranges  for  the  holidays,  and  the  growers  supply  this  fruit  and  lighten 
their  trees — to  the  benefit  of  the  later  crop. 

Those  who  carefully  inspect  the  locality  do  not  wonder  that  such 
magnificent  oranges  are  produced  in  Azusa  ;  but  it  takes  something  more 
than  fine  fruit  and  a  favored  locality  to  get  the  utmost  benefit  from  the 
market.  The  managers  of  the  Exchange  are  extremely  careful  in  grad- 
ing and  packing.  At  first,  growers  complained  that  the  culling  was  ex- 
cessive, but  thej'  have  come  to  recog-      

nize  the  wisdom  of  shipping  only  the 
very  best  fruit  under  the  label  of  the 
Exchange,  which  has  proved  by  ex- 
perience that  scrupulous  honesty  in 
packing  pays.  The  trade  has  never 
found  fault  with  the  high  quality  of 
this  pack  ;  and  the  buyer  has  learned 
to  rely  upon  the  Exchange  label.  The 
A.  C.  G.  Exchange  now  ships  not 
only  oranges  but  lemons — the  culture 
and  curing  of  the  latter  being  a  new 
industry  in  that  locality. 


Coming  to  the  Front.' 


fljf  T  goes  without  saying,  that  the  development  of  a  country  is  in  direct  proportion 
I  to  its  transportation  facilities.  Now  that  the  Southern  Pacific  railroad  (coast 
J^  division)  from  San  Francisco  to  Los  Angeles  is  about  completed  (only  60  miles 
yet  remaining  unfinished),  the  counties  of  San  Luis  Obispo  and  the  northern  part  of 
Santa  Barbara  will  receive  an  impetus  that  has  never  before  overtaken  this  part  of 
California.  When  this  great  overland  route  is  completed,  real  estate  will  at  once,  in 
these  two  counties,  feel  the  pulse-beat,  and  people  will  flock  here  in  large  numbers, 
because  heretofore  transportation  has  been  very  limited,  and  the  country  side-tracked, 
as  it  were,  and  its  wonderful  resources  almost  unknown. 

The  soil  of  these  two  counties  is  rich  and  fabulously  productive.  The  climate  is 
all  that  can  possibly  be  desired.  The  rain-fall  ample,  and  water  abundant  (being 
naturally  the  best  watered  section  in  the  State)  ;  and  land  so  cheap,  comparatively, 
that  the  investor  as  well  as  the  farmer  will  turn  his  attention  to  it. 

The  "Pacific  Land  Company "  (incorporated)  of  San  Luis  Obispo,  Cal.,  is  the 
owner  of  some  50,000  acres  of  land  in  these  two  counties,  which  it  proposes  to  sell  at 
prices  that  anyone,  either  rich  or  poor,  can  buy,  either  as  an  investment  or  a  place  on 
which  to  make  a  home,  and  thereby,  by  their  works,  lay  up  a  competence  for  the  future. 

A  part  of  these  lands  are  now  being  subdivided  into  20  and  40-acre  tracts,  and  will 
be  placed  on  the  market  at  $15.00  to  |ioo.oo  per  acre.  If  you  are  looking  for  an  invest- 
ment, this  is  the  place,  because  there  is  no  doubt  that  when  the  Southern  Pacific 
railroad  is  completed  (which  will  be  October,  1896)  land  here  will  enhance  very  rapidly. 
To  you  who  are  not  blessed  with  much  cash,  this  is  what  you  are  looking  for,  as  a 
fortune  awaits  the  thrifty  farmer  that  "  gets  in  "  on  the  "  ground  floor." 

For  any  information  concerning  lands,  address 

PACIFIC  LAND  COMPANY. 
Arthur  Bray,  Manager, 

San  Ivuis  Obispo,  Cal. 


Central  California 

and  the  Famous  Del  flonte -. 

fHE  great  majority  of  Easterners  who  visit  Southern  California  hold  transportation  tickets  read- 
ing to  San  Francisco,  and  from  thence  homeward  over  the  Ogden  or  Shasta  routes.  To  such  we 
would  beg  to  advise  that  they  give  themselves  ample  time  to  become  acquainted  with  some  of 
the  world-famous  attractions  of  Central  California.  They  should  at  least  arrange  for  a  few  weeks' 
stay  at  the  celebrated  Hotel  Del  Monte,  Monterey,  "The  Queen  of  American  Watering  Places." 

This  magnificent  establishment  is  situated  near  the  shore  line  of  Monterey  Bay,  in  one  of  the 
most  picturesque  and  naturally  beautiful  localities  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  It  was  founded  in  1880,  and 
in  its  comparatively  brief  career  may  be  credited  with  having  done  more  than  almost  any  other, 
agency  to  acquaint  the  world  with  California's  natural  advantages.  Guests  from  every  corner  of  the 
earth  have  enjoyed  its  hospitality. 

This  hotel  is  both  a  summer  and  winter  resort  of  the  highest  order,  and  at  all  seasons  is  com- 
fortably filled,  a  happy  condition  rarely  the  boast  of  any  resort.  In  winter  it  becomes  the  delightful 
retreat  of  visitors  from  the  colder  States,  who  go  there  to  enjoy  its  luxurious  comforts  and  its  genial 
climate.  In  summer  it  is  more  conspicuous  as  a  resort  for  pleasure,  though  retaining  its  more  staid 
character  for  quiet  and  uninterrupted  comfort. 


BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  HOTEL  DEL  MONTE. 

The  Hotel  is  situated  in  a  splendid  grove  of  giant  pines  and  oaks,  part  01  the  magnificently 
wooded  seven-thousand-acre  park  entirely  devoted  to  the  enhancement  of  the  resort.  In  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  building  is  an  immense  flower  garden  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
acres,  the  marvelous  luxuriance  of  which  must  be  seen  to  be  properly  appreciated.  From  one  year's 
end  to  another  it  is  a  constant  dazzle  of  gorgeous  colors. 

Bathing,  boating,  fishing  and  hunting,  clubrooms,  billiard  parlors,  an  elegant  ballroom,  tennis 
courts,  croquet  grounds,  and  a  large  bath-house,  are  among  the  delightful  diversions,  all  free  to  the 
guests.  The  finest  drives  in  America,  through  scenes  rich  in  picturesque  variety  and  historic  inter- 
est, may  be  included  in  the  never-ending  whirl  of  enjoyment. 

No  visitor  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  whether  business-bound,  health  or  pleasure-bound,  should  fail  to 
visit  Hotel  Del  Monte.  It  is  but  three  and  one-half  hours'  ride  from  San  Francisco  by  express  trains 
of  the  Southern  Pacific  Company. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine." 


lOI 


Ontario. 

ITUATED  at  a  distance  of  35  miles  from  the  Pacific  ocean,  and*39 
miles  east  of  Los  Angeles,  on  the  main  line  of  both  the  Southern 
"Pacific  and  Santa  Fe  railways,  is  the  beautiful  town  of  Ontario, 
In  location,  climate,  soil,  and  water  privileges,  Ontario  has  many  ad- 
vantages—fine  business  blocks,  electric  cars  and  lighting,  handsome 
churches  and  schools,  fine  residences,  surrounded  by  what  is  already 
becoming  a  great  forest  of  citrus  and  deciduous  orchards,  blocked  out 
by  splendid  shade  trees  —  such  is  Ontario  at  thirteen  years.  How  many 
Eastern  towns  twice  its  age  and  population  would  ever  dream  of  half 
its  progress?  The  elevation,  ranging  from  950  to  2500  feet,  insures  a 
most  healthful  and  agreeable  climate,  while  the  conditions  for  growing 
citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  cannot  be  excelled. 


IRRIGATING   A   TWO-YEAR-OLD  ORANGE  GROVE. 


For  the  past  two  years  Ontario  has  planted  more  orchard  lands  than 
any  other  district  in  Southern  California,  the  firm  of  Hanson  &  Co.  alone 
having  planted  over  1500  acres  to  the  various  kinds  of  citrus  and  decidu- 
ous fruits.  This  they  are  selling  in  10  or  20-acre  tracts,  at  prices  ranging 
from  $150  to  $400  per  acre,  according  to  location  of  lots  and  water  priv- 
ileges. These  prices  are  for  three-year-old  orchards.  The  streets  and 
avenues  are  planted  to  ornamental  and  shade  trees,  and  kept  in  good 
order.     There  are  some  beautiful  residences  now  on  their  tract. 

They  also  have  several  orchards  in  full  bearing  which  are  good  value, 
and  will  bear  investigation.  Anyone  desiring  further  information  should 
write  for  pamphlet  to  Hanson  &  Co.,  Ontario,  or  122  Pall  Mall,  London, 
England. 


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The  L«r\d  of  ^arv6birve 


THE   SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA 
MAGAZINE 


li.oo  A  Year.        io  Cents  a  Copy. 


Published  monthly  by 


Tfie  Land  of  Sunshine  Pubfisfiing  Co. 

INCORPORATED 

501-503  Stimson  Building,  los  angcles.  cal 

BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 
W.  C.  Patterson  -  -  -  -  President 
Chas.  F.  Lummis,  V.-Prest.  &  Managcing  Editor 
F.  A.  Pattee  -  Secretary  and  Business  Mgr. 
H.  J.  Fleishman  -  -  -  -  Treasurer 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis  ...  -  Attorney 
STOCKHOLDERS 

Geo.  H.  Bonebrake, 
C.  D.  Willard, 
F.  K.  Rule, 
Andrew  Mullen, 
I.  B   Newton, 


Chas.  Forman, 
D.  Freeman, 
F.  W.  Braun, 
Jno.  F   Fraucis, 
C.  G.  Baldwin, 
S.  H.  Mott, 
W.  C.  Patterson, 
B.  W.  Jones, 
H.  J.  Fleishman, 
FerdC.  Gottschalk, 
Cyrus  M.  Davis^ 
Chas.  P.  Lummis, 


Fred  L.  Alles, 
M.  E.  Wood. 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis, 
Alfred  P.  Grii!ith, 

E.  E.  Bostwick, 
H.  E.  Brook, 

F.  A.  Pattee. 


Entered  at  the  Los  Angeles  Postoffice  as  second- 
class  matter. 

Address  advertising,  remittances,  etc.,  to  the 
Business  Manager. 

All  MSS.  should  be  addressed  to  the  Editor. 
No  MSS.  preserved  unless  accompanied  by  re- 
turn postage. 

Questions  Answered.— Specific  information 
about  Southern  California  desired  by  tourists, 
health  seekers  or  intending  settlers  will  be  furn- 
ished free  of  charge  by  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 
Enclose  stamp  with  letter. 


OVR  ARIZONA  BEPKESBNTATITE. 

Mr.  G.  H.  Paine  is  now  entering  upon  a  thor- 
ough campaign  in  Arizona  in  behalf  of  this  mag- 
azine. He  has  full  authority,  and  is  wholly 
trustworthy.  His  loss  of  an  arm  has  not  lessened 
his  competency ;  and  the  Arizonans  will  find 
him  a  man  they  cannot  say  "  no  "  to. 


ITEMS  OF  INTEREST. 

Tourists  and  other  sojourners  in  this  section 
should  bear  in  mind  that  in  the  Hotel  Green, 
Pasadena,  the  immediate  section  is  provided 
with  hotel  service  second  to  few  on  the  continent. 
In  convenience  of  location,  capacity,  modern 
conveniencies.  cuisine  and  attendance,  this  mag- 
nificent Moresque*  palace  is  a  delight  to  new 
comers  and  a  pride  to  the  section.  Situated  in 
the  heart  of  Pasadena,  within  an  easy  walk  of 
three  lines  of  steam  railways,  and  with  the  Los 
Angeles  and  Pasadena  splendid  electric  service 
pa>*sing  its  doors,  one  can  enjoy  the  hospitality, 
which  few  know  better  how  to  provide  than  its 
experienced  and  genial  manager,  J.  H  Holmes, 
and  at  the  same  time  be  within  a  convenient  half 
hour's  ride  to  Los  Angeles  and  the  advantages  of 
a  metropolis.  An  exterior  view  of  the  hotel 
is  presented  at  the  top  of  the  inside  of  the  cover 
to  this  magazine. 

Our  frontispiece  this  month  gfives  an  excellent 
view  of  that  portion  of  the  route  to  Crystal 
Springs  prior  to  the  completion  of  the  Alpine 
division  of  the  Mt.  Lowe  Railway,  passing 
through  what  is  known  as  the  Oak  Grove.  In 
orvler  to  ascend  a  short  distance  at  this  point, 
the  electric  railway  now  winds  thrice  almost 
parallel,  and  within  a  stone's  toss  from  track  to 
track.  The  entire  route  however  abounds  in  so 
many  marvelous  pieces  of  engineering  work, 
and  so  many  delights,  that  the  only  way  to 
comprehend  and  appreciate  it  is  to  undertake 
the  trip. 

Alfred  P.  Griffith,  fruit-grower,  of  Azusa,  Cal., 
holds  himself  always  ready  to  answer  any  in- 
quiries about  ranches,  etc.  His  own  holding  of 
over  200  acres  is  largely  made  up  of  property  he 
is  improving  for  sale  in  small  holdings  to  actual 
settlers.  His  connection  with  the  Azusa  Irriga- 
ting Co.,  and  Citrus  Association,  gives  him  an 
opportunity  to  be  posted  on  the  locality  at  large, 
and  this  knowledge  is  open  to  all  inquirers.  See 
Azusa  article  in  this  issue. 

On  the  opposite  page  is  shown  the  interior 
of  the  music  rooms  of  Mr.  Geo.  J.  Birkel, 
at  Nos.  1050-52  4th  street,  San  Diego,  justly  known 
as  the  finest  and  most  artistic  music  store  on  the 
Pacific  Coast.  Mr.  Birkel  has  recently  opened  a 
place  of  business  at  rooms  19  and  20  Pirtle  block, 
on  Broadway,  where  an  excellent  line  of  pianos 
is  shown.  As  soon  as  a  suitable  building  can  be 
secured,  it  is  Mr.  Birkel's  intention  to  give  to  Los 
Angeles  a  music  establishment  second  to  none  in 
the  West,  and  a  glance  at  the  beautiful  picture 
of  his  San  Diego  house  will  give  a  hint  of  what 
a  charming  and  delightiul  resort  Los  Angeles 
music  lovers  may  expect. 

Those  of  our  readers  who  may  desire  to  know 
particulars  as  regards  the  mercantile  prospects 
in  Azusa  (see  article  on  Azusa  in  this  issue),  can 
with  confidence  address  W.  C.  Ormiston,  Azusa, 
Cal.  Mr.  O.  is  not  only  the  President  of  the 
Azusa  Chamber  of  Commerce,  but  a  prominent 
fruit-grower  likewise. 


The  Modern  Cure  for  Disease 


SEND     POH    BOOK. 

WATSON  &  CO., 


Pacific  Coast  Agents, 

124  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  tlie  Lamd  op  Sunkhinb.^ 


PURITY  1889-1896 

POPULARITY 
PRICE 

Are  the  Points  that  sell 

CORONADO  MINERAL 
WATER 

A  California  industry  of  seven  years 
standing. 


For  present  prices  ask 
CORONADO  WATER  CO. 

CORONADO,  CAL. 

For  Quick   Delivery  in  Siphons, 

Bottles  or  Tanks,  you  can 

Telephone  to 
W.  L.  WHEDON, 

114  W.  First  St 

lyos  Angel  ei 

HUTCHINS, 

38  H.  Colorado  St 

PasadenaJ 
C.  B.  RODE  &  CO., 

318  Battery 


I 

N, 

rstSt.,  jHi 

lyos  Angel  eSifll 

irado  St.,  fll 

Pasadena.SI 

?°-         I 

>an  Prancisco.H 


HERE'S  YOUR  CHANCE 

FOR    A    HOME    IN 

SOUTHERN  California 
House  and  Lot  at  Coronado 

Fine  Surroundings,   Dryest  Marine  Air  in   the 

World. 

Inquire.  "\y,   JJ^    \^, 

Coronado  Beach  Company, 

Coronado,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal. 


piNE  fjALF-TONE  PRINTING 


A  SPECIALTY 


I^INGSLEY 
gARNES 
& 

Co. 


PrinteM  and  Binders  to 
"  Land  OF  Suitshinx.' 


123  South  Broadway 


$10 


PER  ACRE 

FOR     FINE     LANDS 

IN  THE 


$10 


FANITA  RANCHO 

EL  CAJON   VALLEY 

1669  Acres  for     -     .     $18,000 
1420  Acres  for     -     -     $12,000 

Smaller  Tracts  for  $30  to  $80  per  acre. 

WILL  GROW  ANYTHING. 

This  property  is  twelve  miles  from  the  city  of 
San  Diego  and  two  miles  from  Cuyamaca  Rail- 
road. It  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Hosmer  P. 
McKoon,  and  will  be  sold  at  the  appraised  value. 

For  further  information  address 

FANNIE  M.  MCKOON.   EXECUTRIX. 

Santee,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal. 


I^OCAIi  TRANSPORTATION. 

Running  as  it  does  from  the  ocean  at  San  Pedro 
and  I/ong  Beach,  through  I,os  Angeles  and  Pas- 
adena, to  Alladena  at  the  foot  of  the  great  cable 
incline  of  the  Sierra  Madre  mountains  without 
change  of  cars,  tourists  will  find  in  the  fast  and 
frequent  service  of  the  I,os  Angeles  Terminal 
Railway  lines  facilities  not  to  be  overlooked  in 
doing  this  locality.  Then,  too,  there  is  the 
Glendale  division,  through  one  of  the  finest  val- 
leys in  Southern  California,  to  fine  picnic  and 
hunting  grounds,  and  Verdugo  Park,  while 
Devil's  Gate  and  numerous  other  points  are  well 
worth  a  trip  over  this  line  to  see. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Laud  of  Sunshikb," 


r)ior)p|[ 

Ol-  \  I      HALr-To/ic5  AA1D 

'^  Li  Alt  [TCHIA105 


"  Our  readers,  who  have  long  enjoyed  the  half-tone  illustrations  over  the  imprint  of  the  Union 
Photo.  Engraving  Co.,  of  Los  Angeles,  and  Herve  Friend,  will  be  interested  to  know  that  the  latter, 
having  sold  his  plant  and  business  to  the  Union,  is  also  now  in  its  services  as  Chief  Photo.  Engraver. 
It  gives  assurance  of  the  continuance  of  the  high  character  of  the  Union's  work." 


MEXICAN     DRAWN    WORK    A    SPECIALTY. 


W.  Q.  WALZ  COMPANY 


-INCORPORATE! 


niB  OPALS. 


B.  BURNELL,  Manager. 
321  SOUTH  SPRING  ST.,  LOS  ANGELES 

Mexican  Art  Goods  and  Curiosities 

COLLECTORS   OF   ANTIQUES  AND   ALL  KINDS  OF  SOUVENIRS. 

CARVED   LEATHER   WORK.  INDIAN   BASKETS  AND  BLANKETS. 


Visitors  Welcome  to  Our  Museum. 


Come  and  see  SeSor  Vargas  Machuca  at 
his  work  modeling  figurines  representing 
every  phase  of  Mexican  life  and  costumes. 


We  have  Curiosity  Stores  at  El  Paso,  Texas ;  Ciudad  Juarez,  Mexico,  and  City  of  Mexico. 


p.  Hnnt 
Th«o.  A.  KiMa 


m  I  INI 

(3r«fiite:«ts 

424  STIMSON  BUILDIIIG 


LOS   ANOCLCS, 
CALIFORNIA 


rtL.    261 


Please  mention  that  sron  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Somsuihs." 


141^,  17  AND  40  PJEK  CENT.  GREATER 
THAN  1894. 

The  Bank  clearances  for  the  week  ending  Dec. 
7,  as  reported  b^'  the  Los  Angeles  Clearing-house, 
are  :  Exchanges  $1,450,551.84  ;  balances  $268, 168.81, 
as  against  $1,267,370.02  and  $271,611,76  for  last 
week,  and  $1,243,894.81  and  $324,495.29  for  the  cor- 
responding week  of  last  year.  In  the  former  the 
increase  is  14V2  per  cent.,  and  in  the  latter  nearly 
17  per  cent. 

For  the  week  ending  December  14,  1895:  Elx- 
changes,  $1,629,573.50;  balances,  $34,668.56,  as 
against  $1,450,551.34  and  $268,168.81  for  last  week 
The  corresponding  week  oflast  year  only  showed: 
Exchanges,  $1,144,529.47;  balances,  $299,947.03. 
The  transactions  for  the  week  closed  at  noon 
today  showed  an  increase  over  the  corresponding 
week  of  last  year  of  over  40  per  cent. 


Security  Savings  Banl 

AND  TRUST  CO. 

148  SOUTH   MAIN   ST.,   near  sccono. 


Capital  and  Surplus     - 


$130,000.0 


OFFICERS 


J.  F.  Sartori,  Prest.  Maurice  S.  Hellman,  V-] 
W.  D.  L,ONGYEAR,  Cashier. 

DIRECTORS : 

H.  W.  Hellman,       J.  F.  Sartori,    W.  L,.  Graves, 

H.  J.  Fleishman,    C.  A.Shaw,       F.  O.  Johnson 

J.  H.  Shankland,    J.  A.  Graves,    M.  L.  Flemin; 

Maurice  S.  Hellman,    W.  D.  Longyear. 

Five  per  cent,  interest  paid  on  Term  Deposit 
Three  per  cent,  on  Ordinary  Deposits. 

MONEY  LOANED  ON  REAL  EST  AT! 


OLDEST  AND  LARGEST  BANK  IN  SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 

Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank 

OF  LOS  ANGELES,   CAL. 

Capital  (paid  up)      -       -      $500,000.00 
Surplus  and  Reserve  -        -    820,000.00 

Total        -  $1,320,000.00 

OFFICERS  : 

I.  W.  Hellman President 

H.  W.  Hellman Vice-President 

Henry  J.  Fleishman Cashier 

G.  A.  J.  Heimann Assistant  Cashier 

DIRECTORS : 

W.  H.  Perry,    C.  E.  Thom,    J.  B.  Lankershim, 

O.  W.  CHILDS,        C.  DUCCOMMUN,      T.  ly.   DUQUE, 

A.  Glassell,  H.  W.  Hellman,  I.  W.  Hellman. 
Sell  and  Buy  Foreign  and  Domestic  Exchange. 

Special  Collection  Department. 

Correspondence  Invited. 


OF  LOS  ANGELES. 

Capital  Stock $400,000 

Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits  over      230.000 
J.  M.  Elliott,  Prest.,  W.G.  Kerckhoff,  V.Pr 
Frank  A.  Gibson,  Cashier. 
G.  B.  Shaffer,  Assistant  Cashier. 
directors: 
J.  M.  Elliott,  F.  Q.  Story,        J.  D.  Hooker, 

J,  D.  Bicknell.      H,  Jevne,  W.  C.  Pattersc 

W.  G.  KerckhoflF. 
No  public  funds  or  other  preferred  deposits 
received  by  this  bank. 


Los  Angeles   National  Bank 


UNITED  STATES   DEPOSITORY 

Capital 

Surplus  and  undivided  profits 

Total 


$500,000 
80,000 

1580,000 


George  H.  Bonebrake President 

Warren  Gillelen Vice-President 


F.  C.  Howes Cashi 

E.  W.  COE Assistant  Cashi 


directors : 
George  H.  Bonebrake,  Warren  Gillelen,  P.  M.  Green,  Charles  A.  Marriner,  W.  C.  Brown,  A.  W.  Fra 
Cisco,  E.  P.  Johnson,  M.  T.  Allen,  F.  C.  Howes. 

This  Bank  has  no  deposits  of  either  the  County  or  City  Treasurer,  and  therefore  no  preferred 

creditors. 


M.  W.  Stimson,  Prest. 


C.  S.  Cristy,  Vice-Prest, 


W.  B.  McVay,  Secy 


FOR  GOOD  nORTGAGE  LOANS 

AND    OTHER    SAre    INVESTMENTS, 
WRITE    TO 


Security  Loan  and  Trust  Companj 


CAPITAL  $200,000 


223  South  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  I^and  of  Sunshine.' 


Stengel's  Exotic  Gardens  and  Nurseries, 


North  Johnson  Street,  East  Los  Angeles. 


A  complete  stock  of  Fruit 
and  Ornamental 

TREES,      SHRUBS     AND 
PLANTS 

Large  quantities  of  Euca- 
lyptus, Magnolias,  Cy- 
press,   Monterey 
Pines,  Etc., 

AT   PRICES   TO   SUIT   THE 
TIMES. 

Large  specimens  for  new 

places  for  immediate 

effect.    Also 

FERNS  AND   PALMS 
FOR  INSIDE  DECORATIONS. 

All  stock  guaranteed  true 
to  name,  and  free  from  in- 
sect pests  and  disease. 

Address 

I..  J.  STKNGEL,, 

P.  O.  Box  199,  Station  A, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


ROBEL  INSTITUTE 


(CASA    OE    ROSAS) 


OiEST  ADAmS  ST.   COR.   HOOVER  ST. 
UOS  ANGELiES 

iU  rrades  taught,  from  Kindergarten  to  College 
rraining  School  for  Kindergartners  a  specialty 

PROF.  AND  MME.  LOUIS  GLAVERIE. 

Circular  sent  on  application. 


E^GHAVlNGip. 

tNGRAyiNGSfORTfit  PRINTING  PRESS. 
^05^^MAIN5T^os4W6fl£5rAL 


LARGEST    COLLECTION    OF     VIEWS 

IN    SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA 

'"=  I  andscape 

LEADING      1    ^  "^ 

^^.^_  Photographers 

Careful  attention  given  to  Developing  and  Print- 
ing for  Amateurs.      Lantern  Slides  made 
to  order  from  Negatives  or  Pictures. 

211    WEST  FIRST  STREET, 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


H.JEVNE 


WHOLESALE 


GROCER 


RETAIL 


IMPORTER   OF 


ENGLISH.  FRENCH,  GERMAN  AND  ITALIAN  TABLE  LUXURIES 

Goodi  packed  and  delivered  at  depot  free  of  charge,  and 
Mtisfaction  guaranteed. 

136  and  T38  NORTH  SPRING  SXREDBX 


PloMe  mention  that  you 


it  in  the  Land  op  Sunshiicb.' 


COLLARS    AND    CUFFS 
LAUNDRIED    AT    THE    EMPIRE    HAVE 


NO-SA-W-EDGE 

MARK 

"XlfE  HAVE  a  machine  which  irons  and  finishes  the  edges  of  collars  and  cuffs  in  an'elegant  manner. 

*''      When  laundried  at  the  EMPIRE  they  keep  cleaner,  wear  longer,  look  like  new,  and  do  not 

chafe.     We  have  the  only  machine  ever  made  for  the  purpose,  it  being  our  own  invention. 

Remember  the  EMPIRE  in  the  heart  of  the  city. 


149  South  Main  St. 


LOS   ANGELES,    CAL. 


i 


THE  PLACE  rOR  YOU  16  ON  OUR  LANDS 


Hish-Clas* 
FAMILY 
HOTKL 

AT 

Chula 
Vista 


RAPID 

TRANSIT 

TO 

Ban  Oicao 

■  Y 
NATIONAL 
CITY 
AMO 
OTAY     RAIL- 
WAY. 

A  Urge  selection  of  valley  and  mesa  lands,  irrigated  and  unirrigated,  810.00  to  8350  per  acre. 
All  our  lands  near  San  Diego  developed  by  sixty  miles  of  railroad  and  supplied  with  water  under 
pressure  by  the  SWEETWATER  DAM  AND  IRRIGATING  SYSTEM.  The  most  perfect 
water  supply  in  California.  Several  five  and  ten  acre  tracts,  planted  and  unplanted,  with  attractive 
houses,  commanding  beautiful  views  and  making  delightful  homes,  on  CHUIiA  VISTA,  tlie  most 
beautiful  suburb  in  Southern  California.  Citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  grow  to  perfection. 
Easy  terms,  if  desired,  on  all  our  property.    Attractive  advertising  matter  free. 

SAN  DIEGO  LAND  AND  TOWN  CO., 

NATIONAI.     CITY,     CAt. 


SAMUEL  B.   ZIMMER 


ROBERT  C.  REAMER 


IS  44,  46,  46 

Lawyers  Block 


San  Diego,  California 


YOU'RE     COMING,     Tt^B     YOU     NOT? 

EVERYBODY    ELSE     IS. 

WCI  I  WUPy  Vnil  CCT  UCRP  you  wni  have  need  of  the  services  of  a  reliable  Real  Estate  firm. 
WCLL.  Vnin  TUU  PCI  ncnC  ^^^^  references.)  We  make  a  specialty  of  High  Clan.  Los  An- 
geles and  I'asadena  City  Property.  Solid  Business  Openings  for  Business  Men.  Orange 
Groves.  Walnut,  Olive,  Deciduous  Fruit  Orchards,  Alfalfa  Ranches— in  fact,  we  sift  out  the  choicest 
propositions  and  offer  you  only  the  best.    CALL.  ON  US  WHEN  YOU  GKT  HKBE. 

MOORE  &,  PARSONS, 


VICfCRCNCCs  (By  Permission) : 

LoK  Angeles  National  Bank,  I^os  Angeles. 
Merchants  National  Bank.  Los  Angeles. 
Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Allen  Bro<«.,  Wholesale  Grocers,  Omaha,  Neb. 
BxGov.  W.  R.  Merriam,  6t.  Paul,  Minn. 


Real  Estate  and  Investment  Brokers, 

8.  E.  COR.  2ND  AND  BROADWAY 
LOS  ANOCLCS,    CAL. 


Plcsse  msntion  that  you  "law  it  in  the  Land  or  Sumshihb." 


I 


crty 

Property 


WOOD  &  CHURCH 


Country 
Property 


U/C     flEEPD    8,000  acres  at  $12  per  acre  ;  27,000  acres  at  S33,  and  12.000  acres  at  I33  per  acre 
IIL     Urri.n    wuh  abundance  of  water  and  wry  rf^zVai/^ /or  C01.0NY  PUKPOSES, 

We  have  a  fine  list  of  lyOS  Angeles  and  Pasadena  city  property;  some  are  bargains. 

Mortgages  and  Bonds  for  Sale. 

123  S.  Broadway,  Pasadena  Office, 

I.08  Angeles,  Cal.  16  S.  Raymond  Ave. 


Olive  Growers  Handbook 


and  Price  List  Free 


THE  PRESS  CLIPPING  BUREAU 

GUARANTERS    PROMPT,    ACCURATE   AND 
RELIABLE    SERVICE. 

Supplies  notices  and  clippings  on  any  subject 
from  all  periodicals  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  business 
and  personal  clippings,  trade  news,  advance 
reports  on  all  contract  works. 

LOS  WLESOfFICUlOmST  SECOND  SMI 


CALIFORNIA  HOMES 

lie  Riieisi  Coiti  Kiiiil  Coioni 

IS  SELLING  THE  VERY  BEST  LAND  FOR 

Fruit  Growing,  Dairying  and  Diversified 
Farming. 

At  $25  and  Upward  per  Acre,  on  Easy  Terms. 

This  land  is  level,  clear  and  plowed,  has  perfect 
title,  good  irrigation  water  right,  good  railroad 
facilities,  good  school  and  church  privileges,  and 
is  guaranteed  the  best  value  in  Southern  Cal- 
ifornia.   There  are  no  saloons  in  Riverside. 

References  :  First  National  Bank,  and  Orange 
Growers  Bank,  Riverside. 

Office  in  Rowell  Hotel  Bloci(,  Riverside,  Cal. 


Poland  Rock 

WTiik^gy^  S-  BARTHOI.OMEW 

▼▼  O-HC-X  Manager 

Company  21 8  w.  First  st. 

TEI.EPHONE  1101 


SEE    OUR    ADAMS    STREET    TRACT 


A  new  School  House,  to  cost  $17,000.  is  being  built  in  the  tract.  Five  miles  of  graded  sirccLb.  Half 
a  hundred  homes  built  in  six  months.  A  new  Church,  one  of  the  finest  in  the  city,  is  now  being 
erected  on  this  property.  Visit  this  property  and  compare  it  with  other  tracts.  Our  prices  are  $300 
to  $1,000  on  easy  terms.  A  Double  Electric  Line  runs  through  the  tract.  Take  the  Vernon  cars,  corner 
Second  and  Spring  streets.  Twelve  minutes'  ride  from  the  business  center.  We  have  Ranches  and 
Farming  Lands,  Orange,  Lemon  and  English  Walnut  Groves.  City  property.  For  views  of  the 
tract,  maps  and  all  information,  write  or  call  on 

GRIPER  &  DOW,  139  South  Broadway. 

Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the_I/A.ND  of  Sunshine." 


DEL  SUR  RANCH  CO. 

(Incorporated  )    Owners  of  1440  acres 
of  the  best  foot-hill 

ALMOND       LAND  OLIVE 

in  Southern  California,  will  plant  forthemselves, 
this  winter,  from  three  to  four  hundrtd  acres  to 
Almouds  and  Olives.  They  will  sell  some  of 
their  land,  plant  and  care  for  it  until  in  bear- 
ing, on  very  liberal  co-operative  terms. 

minonfl  Elofil  ond  Olive  Ten  semi-iiniiool  Poyineols. 

This  makes  it  easy  to  acquire  a  valuable  income- 
producing  property.  An  income  sure  to  increase 
with  age.  The  whole  plan  is  fuUjr  explained  in  a 
circular  to  be  had  free  on  application  to  the  office 
of  the  DEL  SUR  RANCH  CO..  1227  Trenton  Street, 
LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.,  or  (one  of  the  owners) 
pen      CAI/IMC     930  Chestnut  St., 

UlU.  lAMIIO,  philai>elpuia,pa. 

New  York,  Philadelphia,  and  Los  Angeles 
Reference. 


r.  M.  REIOiE.... 

102  SOUTH  SPRING  ST 

LOS  ANGELES. 
Has  a  very  large  line  of 

Suitable  for  Holiday  Gifts.     It  will  pay  you 
to  call  and  see  the  line  before  you  buy. 


POirlDEXTER  i^  WAi>5W0Rfri 

BROKERS 

305  West  Second  St.,    liOS  Angeles,  Cal. 

Buy  and  sell  Real  Estate,  Stocks,  Bonds  and 
Mortgages,  on  commission,  make  collections, 
manage  property  and  do  a  general  brokerage 
business.  Highest  references  for  reliability  and 
good  business  management. 


Hotel     Pklotv^kres 


POMONA.  CALIFORNIA 


A  strictly  first-class  house  ol 
130  large  rooms,  elegantly  fur- 
nished. Situated  on  the  main 
lines  of  the  Southern  Pacific  and 
Santa  F6  Railways,  32  miles  east 
of  Los  Angeles.  Rates,  $2.50  to 
I3.50  per  day;  $12.50  to  $17.50  per 
week. 

-  .V— y»  - 

V.  D.  SIMMS,  Manager 


PURE  CALIFORNIA  WINES 

KREIGHT    FREE 

A    LIBERAL    OFFER    ON    MOST    REASONABLE    TERMS 

A/ier  you  have  received  the  goods  and  are  satisfied  with  the  quality  you  can  remit. 

I  will  deliver  freight  free  to  any  railroad  station   in  the  United  States  two  cases  of  as.sorted 
wines,  containing  24  large  bottles,  5  to  the  gallon,  for  S9.00,  comprising  the  following  varieties : 


6  bottles  XX  Port 
2  bottles  Muscat 


6  bottles  XX  Angelica 
2  bottles  Riesling  (White) 


6  bottles  XX  Sherry 

2  bottles  Ziufaudel  ^Claret) 


should  you  desire  older  vintage,  for  81 1.00  I  will  ship  you  freight  free  : 

6  bottles  XXX  Port  6  bottles  XXX  Muscatel  6  bottles  XXX  Sherry 

6  bottles  XXX  Angelica        2  bottles  Old  Grape  Brandy.        (Al.so  1  pint  Claret,  i  pint  Hock 

and  I  sample  Old  Muscat  Brandy,  for  which  no  charge  is  made.) 

Or,  5  cases  containing  60  quart  bottles  for  824  .OO.  I  adopt  this  plan  in  order  that  the  public  may 
have  the  benefit  of  purchasing  PUKK  CALIFORNIA  WINKS  from  the  producer,  thus  securing 
them  against  the  many  adulterations  and  the  hi«h  profits  made  by  midcllenien.  A  siukIc  trial  of  my 
vintages  will  convince  you  of  their  superior  quality  and  fine  flavor,  and  once  used  they  will  prove  the 
fiivorite.    Address  all  orders 

H.  J.  WOOLLACOTT 

124-126  NORTH  SPRING  STREET,  LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  op  Scmshinb." 


"  We  Sell  the  Earth  " 


BASSETT  &  SMITH 


ARE  you  ^°°^^°^  ^°^  *  Home  ?  Are  you  looking  f< 
an  Investment  ?  Do  you  want  to  locate  i 
one  of  tbe  Finest  Spots  on  this  £artb  ?  Our  opinion 
that  that  spot  is  the  POMONA  VAI^tEY.  There  m« 
be  equals,  but  no  superiors. 

We  have  for  sale  in  this  valley  and  elsewhere,  Oliif 
Orchards,  I^emon  Orchards,  Orange  Orchards,  all 
orchards  of  Prune,  Peach,  Plum,  etc.,  etc.,  large  < 
small ;  also  Stock  Ranches,  Bee  Ranches,  and  lar{ 
tracts  of  L. and  for  Colony  purpose.  We  believe  the  OlilVE  INDUSTRY  will  make  ot 
of  the  best  paying  investments  on  this  coast.     We  now  have  for  sale  the  noted 

Houiland  Olive  l^anch  and    Olive  Oil  Plant 

150  Acres  with  fine  Olive  Oil  Mill,  income  last  year  over  $8,000.     For  Information  or  Descri 
tive  Matter  about  California  or  any  of  her  industries,  call  on  or  address 


BASSETT  3t  SMITH 

Pomona,  Ca 


E.  W.  GRANNIS,  GROCER 

1111   WEST  ADAMS  ST.       TEL.  WEST  1  36 

BEST    STORE    IN    SOUTHWEST    LOS    ANGELES. 

The  largest  and  finest  stock,  the  best  facilities.     Orders  by  mail  given  prompt  attention. 


WE'D 

LIKE 

TO 

SEE 

YOU 

ABOUT 

A 

SURREY! 

We  have  all   styles   and   prices,   but  for  a    moderate-priced  Surrey,  one  that  will  gi 
you  satisfaction,  the  best  value  for    the   money,    we    recommend    the    ••  ENTISRFltlSlS, 

No.  234,  made  by  the  Enterprise  Carriage  Mfg.  Co.,  Miamisburg,  Ohio. 
Sold   hy 

MATHEWS    IMPLEMENT    CO., 
120,  122  and  124  South  Los  Angeles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Ca 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Lavd  op  SUMSHxmB." 


A  Glimpse  at  Woodlawn. 

TUU   NKW    KKSIDKNCK   SUBDIVISION    IN    LOS    ANGBLES. 


Putnam,  Photo. 

Fronts  on  Jefferson,  Main,  35th,  36th,  37th,  38th  and  Maple  Ave.,  and  bordered  by  sturdy  old 
peppers.  Reached  by  three  car  lines;  Maple  Ave.  electric  a  block  east,  Grand  Ave.  electric  a  block 
west,  and  Main  St.  line,  soon  to  be  electrized,  direct  to  tract.  Only  a  short  distance  from  the  R.R. 
stations  to  Redondo  and  Santa  Monica  beaches  ;  within  a  few  blocks  of  the  famous  Adams  and 
Figueroa  Sts.  Gets  the  first  sniff  of  the  ocean  breeze  ;  no  smoke.  The  soil  is  a  dark  loam,  no  adobe 
and  no  mud.  City  water  in  abundance.  Gas  soon  to  be  put  in  and  Main  street  paved  to  37th  street, 
the  city  limits.  Good  schools  near,  and  every  city  advantage.  Two  years  ago  this  was  an  orange 
grove.  Subdivison  cut  it  into  regulars©  foot  lots,  laid  out  the  streets,  caused  cement  walks  and  curbs, 
and  later,  shade  trees,  beautiful  homes,  lawns  and  flowers.  Mr.  Thos.  McD.  Potter  is  the  owner  of 
this  fine  property.  He  stipulates  the  class  of  houses,  and  desires  the  homeseeker  rather  than  the 
investor.  At  present  there  are  over  30  fine  homes,  ranging  from  $1,500  to  $5,000.  Prices  average 
between  $600  and  $800.  A  few  lots  left  on  36th  street  at  $700  ;  35th  street  at  $750.  See  cut.  Prices  arc 
meaningless  to  the  stranger,  and  value  is  only  by  comparison. 

For  all   information    address  the  owner,  Jefferson  and  Main  Streets. 


mONTGOniBRY    BROS., 

Jeui«let«s  and    Silversmiths, 

120-122    North   Spring   St.,       over   out   line. 
Ltos   Angeles 


Ricb  m  Crystal 

C\  e  .\cU  but  one   make  of  cut 

glaj.] tlie  cfhawkeA  qla^s.        '^Wo 

otiici  malic  of  qlctl.\  cniial.s  it,  in 
the  ijualitif  and  j)uxetirj.\  of  the 
qLij.'s,  the  beauty  of  the  X'.ucjnd, 
or    I  he  ftnenef!)   of    it.'i   cutlinq. 

""vv  t'  have  all  the  n,w  po  ttexnd, 
and  the  priced  are  .suxcly  away 
down,  .)t>  low  that  cut  .//,r/.'i  ..rafi  be 
uAcd  by   everyone. 

vVe  would    like    you    to    look 


FttftM  mention  that  y(nj      saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshinm." 


"  MECCA    OF    ALL    TOURISTS. 


Golden,  Sunny  Days, 

A  dry,  delicious,  sea  air  ;  all 
the  tLome  comforts  in  a  fairy- 
land palace  ;  cttarraing  people  ; 
delightful  surroundings  ;  no  end 
of  entertainment,  all  these  and 
a  thousand  more  delights  are  to 
be  found  at 

Hotel  del  Coronado, 

CORONADO    Beach,    san    Diego  Co.,  California. 

(  Los  Angeles  Agency,  129  N.  Spring  St. ) 


7' 


THE    DRYEST    MARINE    CLIMATE    IN    THE    WORLD. 


^Vol.   IV,     No.  3  REBRUHRV,    ISSG 

(HflRLES  DUDLEY  WMNtR^lieiFGiB 


CENTS      LAND  OF  SUNSHINE  PUBUSHINQ  CO. 
A   COPY 


INCORPORATED 

cni-cn^    ^fimo^n    Ri*;f/i2M<ip 


Sumner  P.  Hunt 
Theo.  A.  Eisen 


(3reSit«et£ 

424  8TIM80N  BUILDING 


L08    ANGELES, 
CALIFCRNIA 


TCL.     261 


/NOW    OPE/N 

PASADENA'S     MAGNIFICENT     MORESQUE     PALACE 

The  HOTEL  G-REE/N 

The  newest  and  finest  Hotel  in  I^os 
Angeles  County.  Tennis  Court,  Bil- 
liard Room,  Private  Theatre,  Eleva- 
tors, Electric  lyights.  Gardens, Reading 
and  Writing  Rooms,  Conservatory, 
Promenade,  Orchestra.  Over 300 sunny 
and  spacious  Rooms,  with  private 
Parlors  and  Bath  Rooms.  Convenient  to  three  lines  of  steam  railway;  lyos  Angeles  and  Pasadena 
Electric  Cars  pass  the  door.     Every  Modern  Convenience.    Only  f  irst-class  Hotel  in  Pasadena. 


HOTEI,   GREEN,    PASADENA,    CAI.. 


G.     e.     GREE/N,     Owner. 


J.     -H.     -HOLAAES,     Manager. 


OCEAN    BATHING    IN    WINTER 

Is  a  novelty  that  you  can  enjoy  no- 
where in  the  United  States  except  in 
Southern  California. 

AT    SANTA   MONICA 

THE 

BIG  PLUNGE 

is  warm  every  day  in  the  year,  and 
lots  of  people  go  in  the  ocean,  too. 
The  North  Beach  Bath  House  is 

equipped  with  fine  wool  bath  suits 
and  comfortable  rooms      The 

HOT  SALT  BATHS   IN    PORCE- 
LAIN TUBS 

offer  perfection  of  comfort  and  scru- 
pulous cleanliness. 
4S*  Write  Kast    that    You   have 
been  swimming  in  mid-winter. 


North  Beach  Warm  Plunge,  Santa  Monica,  Cal. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


The  Land  of  Sunshine 
Contents— February,  1896. 


PAGE 


How  Our  Landmarks  are  Going Frontispiece 

Race  and  Climate,  by  Charles  Dudley  Warner 103 

Brother  Burro  (illustrated),  by  Chas.  F.  Lummis 106 

Only  John  (illustrated),  by  J.  Torrey  Connor in 

The  Zarape,  poem  (illustrated),  by  J.  W.  Wood 116 

Our  Historic  Treasures  (illustrated) 117 

Pasadena  Rose  Tournament  (illustrated) 121 

The  Petrified  Forest  (illustrated),  by  H.  N.  Rust 122 

The  Cloud  Play,  poem,  by  Jeanie  Peet 125 

Architecture  for  the  Southwest  (illustrated),  by  A.  B.  Benton 126 

Under  the  Copper  Sky,  story,  by  Lillian  Corbett  Barnes 131 

Mexican  Sweets,  by  Linda  Bell  Colson 134 

The  Landmarks  Club 137 

The  Roadrunner  (illustrated),  by  Bertha  F.  Herrick 138 

The  Lion's  Den  (by  the  Editor) 139 

All  Miserable  Sinners  —  The  Modern  ^olus  —  The  Making  of  a  Race  —  Su 
Casa,  Seiior. 

That  Which  is  Written  (by  the  Editor) 142 

Red  Men  and  White  — The  Story  of  the  West  —  Notes. 

San  Buenaventura  (illustrated),  by  Geo.  S.  Wright 145 


Interesting  Books  About  California. 

Gems  of  California  Scenery,  12  half-tone  engravings,  5x8  inches.,.. |  25 

Souvenir  of  Los  Angeles,  34  photogravures 25 

Los  Angeles,  the  California  Summerland,  17  8x10 pages,  37  photogravures  50 

Southern  California,  Van  Dyke,  12  mo.  cloth 50 

A  Truthful  Woman  in  California,  Kate  Sanborn 75 

Our  Italy,  Charles  Dudley  Warner  (illustrated,  quarto) 2  50 

California  Wild  Flowers,  oblong  folio i  00 

The  real  things,  pressed  and  mounted. 

The  Land  of  Poco  Tiempo,  Chas.  F.  Lummis 2  50 

And  all  other  works  by  Lummis. 

Stories  of  the  Foothills,  Margaret  Collier  Graham,  of  Pasadena i  25 

Mariposilla,  Mrs.  Chas.  Stewart  Daggert,  of  Pasadena i  25 

California  Mountains,  by  John  Muir i  50 

"  People  of  brains  and  heart  will  read  this  book  and  love  its  author." 

Among  the  Pueblo  Indians,  by  Eickmeyer,  (illustrated) i  75 

Helen  Hunt  Jackson's  world-famous  "  Ramona,"  cloth i  25 

Any  of  the  above  books,  as  well  as  any  book  published,  sent  post- 
paid upon  receipt  of  price. 

STOLL  &  TH^ivSrCC, 

Booksellers  and  Station ersL^j^Sg^pring  St.,  Bryson  Block, 

i,os  ^j^atfts,  CAIy. 


PURITY  1889-1896 

POPULARITY 
PRICE 

Are  the  Points  that  sell 

CORONADO  MINERAL 
WATER 

A  California  industry  of  seven  years' 
standing. 

For  present  prices  ask 
CORONADO  WATER  CO. 

CORONADO,  CAL. 

For  Quick   Delivery  in  Siphons, 

Bottles  or  Tanks,  you  can 

Telephone  to 
W.  L.  WHEDON, 

114  W.  First  St., 

lyos  Angeles. 

HUTCHINS, 

1        38  E.  Colorado  St., 

Pasadena. 

C.  B.  RODE  &  CO., 

318  Battery, 

San  Francisco. 


TOO  SMALL  FOR  10 

#i\  A  Modern   Cottage    near    the 

beach  at  Coron ado.    A  good  buy   for  a  lovely 
winter  home.        Address: 

WYMAN, 
Coronado  Beach,  Cal. 


WHY     YOU     SHOULD     USE     OUR 

GAS  STOVES 

ist.  Because  they  are  much  cheaper  than  coal 
stoves. 

2nd.  Because  they  cost  less  to  keep  in  re- 
pair. 

3rd.  Because  they  save  enormously  in  'time 
and  temper,"  require  no  attention,  and  can  be 
lighted  and  extinguished  in  a  minute. 

4th.  Because  they  make  neither  dirt,  smoke 
nor  ashes. 

5th.  Because  they  take  up  very  little  space, 
and  for  this  reason  are  especially  desirable  for 
those  who  have  small  kitchens  or  who  reside  in 
flats. 

LOS  ANGELES  LIGHTING  CO., 
457   SOUTH    BROADWAY. 


fC)J  ^  O  \^\r\\  is  a  mountain-rimmed  val- 
K^  \  ly^  ^-^J  ^'  ley,  about  15  miles  distant 
from  the  Santa  Barbara  Channel,  and  950  feet 
altitude,  lying  between  Lus  Angeles  (distant  85 
miles)  and  Santa  Barbara  (37  miles).  The  climate 
is  particularly  beneficial  to  asthmatic  and  pul- 
monary invalids.  This  valley  is  famous  for  its 
wonderful  climate  and  beautiful  scenery.  The 
climate  is  particularly  adapted  to  those  suffering 
from  Asthma,  Bronchial,  Catarrhal  and  Lung 
Troubles.  The  adjacent  mouutains  and  canons 
furnish  good  sport  for  love  rs  of  the  rod  and  gun. 

OAK  GLEN  CO!  PAGES 

(recently  renovated  and  itflproved)  is  the  only 
hotel  m  the  valley  having  cottages  separate  from 
main  building  and  situated  in  a  natural  park  of 
live  oaks.     For  rates  and  information,  address 

W.  H.  TURNER, 
Nordhoff  P.  O.,  Ventura  Co.,  Cal. 

Routes  :— Railroad  from  San  Francisco  and 
Los  Angeles  to  Santa  Paula,  Ventura  and  Santa 
Barbara.  Steamers  from  San  Francisco,  Los  An- 
geles and  San  Diego  to  Santa  Barbara  and  Ven- 
tura. From  Ventura,  daily  mail  stage,  fare  |i. 
From  Santa  Barbara,  semi-weekly  stage  over  the 
charming  Casitas  Pass  road,  fare  $3.  From  Santa 
Paula,  carriages.  Telephone  connection  with 
Ventura,  and  all  towns  iu  Southern  California. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshinx." 


'^he  most  centrally  lo- 
cated, best  appointed 
and  best  kept  JSotel 
in  the  city. 

American    or    Euro- 
pean Plan. 

Rates  reasonable. 


Second  and  ... 

Spring  Streets 

Los  Angeles.  Cal. 


I     YOU'RE     COMING,     fl:RE     YOU     NOT? 

EVERYBODY     ELSE     IS. 

WFI  I  WHFN  Ynil  RFT  HFRF  ^°"  ^'^^  have  need  of  the  services  of  a  reliable  Real  Estate  firm . 
TTCLL,  nnLn  lUU  OCI  ncnc  ^^^^  references.)  We  make  a  specialty  of  High  Class  I.os  An- 
geleg  and  Pagadena  City  Property.  Solid  Business  Openings  for  Business  Men.  Orange 
Groves,  Walnut,  Olive,  Deciduous  Fruit  Orchards,  Alfalfa  Ranches— iu  fact,  we  sift  out  the  choicest 
propositions  and  offer  you  only  the  best.  CALI.  ON  US  "WHEN  YOU  OET  HKKE. 
RcrtRENCES  (By  Permission):  MOO  RE    &    PARSONS, 

Real  Estate  and  Investment  Brokers, 

S.  E.  COR.  2ND  AND   BROADWAY 
LOS   ANQCLCS,    CAL. 


Los  Angeles  National  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Merchants  National  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank,  Los  Angeles. 
Allen  Bros.,  Wholesale  Grocers,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Bx-Gov.  W.  R.  Merriam.  St.  Paul,  Minn. 


HOTEL  pLEASANTON 

CoR.    SUTTC-   AND  JONES   ST8. 

5ar>  F«'ar);i8c;o.  C^al. 


;  Special  Rates  to  Tourists. 
t  Centrally  Located, 
;  Cuisine  Perfect. 

(The  Leading  Family  and  Tourist 
Hotel  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 


O.  n.  BkENNAN. 


PnoPniiTO* 


PlCMe  mention  that  you  "  mw  it  is  the  Land  •*  StmtBiKB. 


ECHO    MOUNTAIN    HOUSE 


iH^^ 


View  of  the  City  on  the  Mountain,  and  of  the  Valley  from  the  Alpine  Division 
of  the  Mt    Lowe  Railway. 


NEVER  CLOSES.  Bestofser 
vice  the  year  round.  Purest  of  water, 
most  equable  climate,  with  best  hotel 
in  Southern  California.  Ferny  glens, 
babbling  brooks  and  shady  forests 
within  ten  minutes'  walk  of  the  house. 
Electric  transportation  from  Echo 
Mountain  House  over  the  Alpine 
Division  to  Crystal  Springs.  The 
grandest  mountain,  caiion,  ocean  and 
valley  scenery  on  earth.  Livery 
stables  at  Echo  Mountain,  Altadena 
Junction  and  Crystal  Springs.  Special 
rates  to  excursions,  astronomical, 
moonlight,  searchlight  parties,  ban- 
quets and  balls.  Full  information  at 
oflBce  of 

MOUNT  LOWE  RAILWAY, 

Cor.  Third  and  Spring  streets,  Los 
Angeles.  Grand  Opera  House  Block, 
Pasadena,  Cal.  Echo  Mountain  House 
Postoffice,  Echo  Mountain,  Californin. 


The  Pacific  «^h\"e1: 


BUSINESS  MAN'S 


FACTORY  AND  SALESROOM, 

618-624  South  Broadway 


lisL.    G.    lAilLSON 

Proprietor    CLUB     STABLES 

OPP.  wtNDBow  HOTKL,        REDLANDS,  CAL. 


-"  Z06'6.JSoumMA/JoSr. 


View  from  Smiley  Heights,  Redlands,  looking  north. 

tW  Carriages,  in  charge  of  thoroughly  competent  drivers, 
meet  each  incoming  train,  ready  to  convey  tourists  to  every  point 
of  interest  in  and  about  Redlands. 

N.  B.— Be  sure  and  ask  for  Club  Stable  Rigs. 

REDLANDS— 


Ranches,  Residences  and  all 
kinds  of  Real  Estate  in  Redlands  at  reasonable 
rates.  See  Redlands  before  buying.  Call  upon 
or  address  JOHN  P.  FISK,  Jr., 

Rooms  I  and  2  Union  Bank  Block, 

Redlands,  Cal. 

CALIFORNIA  HOMES 


IS   SELLING   THE  VERY   BEST   LAND  FOR 

Fruit  Growing,  I>airying  and  Diversified 
Farming. 

At  $25  and  Upward  per  Acre,  on  Easy  Terms. 

This  land  is  level,  clear  and  plowed,  has  perfect 
title,  good  irrigation  water  right,  good  railroad 
facilities,  good  school  and  church  privileges,  and 
is  guaranteed  the  best  value  in  Southern  Cal- 
ifornia.   There  are  no  saloons  in  Riverside. 

References  :  First  National  Bank,  and  Orange 
Growers  Bank.  Riverside. 

Office  in  Rowell  Hotel  Biocl(,  Riverside,  Cal 


Please  mention  that  jrou  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  SuNsamK. 


UT^r^ 


RATES 

$2.50  PER  DAY 

AND    UP 


American  Plan  Only.  Centrally 
located.  Elevators  and  fire  escapes.  Baths, 
hot  and  cold  water  in  all  suites.  Modern  con- 
veniences. Fine  large  sample  rooms  for  com- 
mercial travelers. 


FOR  SALE, 


Special  to  the  Land  of  Sunshine. — 6-room 
modem  new  Colonial  cottage.  Hall,  bath,  hot 
and  cold  water,  patent  water  closet,  fine  mantel, 
lawn,  street  graded,  etc.  Only  $2,500.  Terms, 
I500,  cash;  balance  monthly.  One  of  many  good 
homes  in  Los  Angeles  for  sale.  Before  you  buy, 
•ee.J.-M.TAYLOK*  CO.,  102  s.  Broadway. 


CALIFORNIA    WINE    MERCHANT 

We  will  ship  two  sample  cases  assorted 
wines  (one  dozen  quarts  each)  to  any  part 
of  the  United  States,  Freight  Prepaid, 
upon  the  recipt  of  $9.00.  Pints  ( 24  in 
case),  50  cents  per  case  additional.  We 
will  mail  full  list  and  prices  upon  applica- 
tion. 

Respectfully, 

C.  F.  A.  LAST, 

131  N.  Main  St., 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


HOTEL  AKeADIA,  Santa  Monfca,  Cal 

The  only  first  class 
tourist  hotel  in  thi- 
the  leading  coast  r( 
•OTt  of  the  Pacific.  150 
pleasant  rooms,  large 
and  airy  ball  room, 
beautiful  lawn  and 
flower  gardens.  Mag- 
nificent  panoramic 
view  of  the  sea.  First- 
claas  orchestra.  Surf 
bathing  unexcelled. 
and  private  salt  water 
baths  in  bath  house 
belonging  to  Hotel 
S.    RCINHART 

Time   from  Los  An- 

Jeles  by  Santa  F*  or 
P.  R.R.  35  minuter. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunsbimb.' 


;OTEli  VEJlDO]VIE  - 


SRH  JOSE, 

CALiIFOl^Nlfl 


Charming  Summer  and  Winter  Resort. 
Sunny  Skies.     Climate  Unsurpassed. 

"^      Heflflqoarters  lor  all  Toonsls  lo  (He  Greol  Lick  ODseniolory. 


THIS  BEAUTIFUL  HOTEL 
IS  SITUATED  IN  THE  WON- 
DERFUL SANTA  CLARA  VAL- 
LEY. THE  " GARDEN  OF  THE 
WORLD." 

In  a  word  the  Vendome  is  Modern,  Comfortable,  Homelike  ;  is  First-Class  in  every  respect,  and 
so  are  its  patrons.     Write  for  rates  and  Illustrated  Souvenir. 


GEO.   P.  SNELL,  Manager. 


HALr-ToAic5ArtD 

Ll/1t  tTCHm06 


E.  W.  GRANNIS,  GROCER 

111  1    WEST  ADAMS  ST.       TEL.  WEST  1  36 

BEST    STORE    IN    SOUTHWEST    LOS    ANGELES. 

The  largest  and  finest  stock,  the  best  facilities.    Orders  by  mail  given  prompt  attention. 
Please  mention  thatjyou  "  saw  it  in  the  I,and  of  Sunshinb." 


z<^  or 


o 

1*1  "£■ 

QJ<S 


bo 


I 


v; 


TMC  LANDS  or  THC  SUN  EXPAND  THE  S6l 


THE  LAND  OF 

SUNSHINE 


VOL.  4,  No.  3. 


LOS  ANGELES 


FEBRUARY    1896 


^  Race  and  Climate. 

BY    CHARLES     DUDLEY    WARNER. 

S  it  necessary  to  freeze  and  thaw  a  man,  alternately, 
in  order  to  get  the  best  out  of  him  ?  Especially  a 
white  man,  and  particularly  an  Anglo-Saxon  white 
man  ?  In  the  Barbadoes  the  white  man  is  always 
thawed  to  the  point  of  perspiration.  And  I  am  told 
by  a  man  resident  there  that  the  whites  in  Barbadoes 
have  no  rights  which  the  black  man  is  bound  to 
respect.  There  is  an  attempt  to  make  him  feel  that 
he  belongs  to  an  inferior  race.  And  often  he  has 
not  energy  enough  to  resist  this  prevailing  impres- 
sion. This  sentiment  in  regard  to  the  whites  pre- 
vails also  in  many  of  the  tropical  islands,  in  Martinique,  and  more 
decidedly  in  Hayti.  In  these  islands  generally  the  negro  is  in  fine 
physical  condition,  vigorous  and  prolific.  If  he  is  lazy,  as  he  commonly 
is,  the  disinclination  to  work  does  not  so  much  arise  from  physical  dis- 
ability, as  from  few  wants,  and  the  theory  of  life  that  it  is  better  to  be 
happy  than  to  be  a  Vanderbilt. 

Is  this  condition  wholly  a  matter  of  race,  or  wholly  a  matter  of  climate  ? 
It  is  the  lesson  of  experience  that  the  white  races  thrive  best,  produce 
the  best  results  of  civilization,  in  temperate  and  even  in  rough  climates. 
Greece,  Italy,  Spain,  furnish  no  exceptions  to  this,  for  in  each  very 
appreciable  winter  prevails,  and  in  each  sheltering  houses  and  clothing 
are  necessary  to  protect  against  cold.  The  highest  civilization  under 
climatic  conditions  of  uniform  geniality  throughout  the  year,  is  the 
ancient  Kgyptian.  It  was  a  very  great  development.  The  race  thus 
developed  in  a  mild  and  semi-tropical  climate  had  no  sort  of  affinity  with 
the  negroes,  with  any  black  race,  but  it  belongs  historically  with  the 
white  races. 

The  black  races  have  thriven  physically  ^t  have  never  produced  any- 
thing worth  while  in  civilization  in  a  tropical  climate.  Would  they  do 
any  better  in  a  temperate,  or  in  an  alternately  very  hot  and  very  cold 
climate  ?  We  shall  have  an  opportunity  to  see  what  the  race  will  do  in 
the  United  States,  under  more  favorable  conditions  for  progress  than  it 

Copj^rifht  l(l«e  by  Und  of  Suiubine  PublUbing  Cu. 


104  LAND    or  SUNSHINE. 

has  ever  enjoyed  before.  At  the  present  it  is  matter  of  observation 
that  the  race  is  no  more  stimulated  to  energetic  work  and  to  thrift  and 
what  we  call  progress  in  the  stimulating  climate  of  the  North  than  in 
the  more  relaxing  climate  of  the  South. 

But  to  leave  the  colored  races  out  of  view,  it  is  true  that  the  evolution 
of  civilization  has  not  been  on  the  lines  of  least  climatic  resistance,  but 
rather  in  conflict  with  a  nature  apparently  hostile,  hostile  at  least  to  ease 
and  comfort.  This  is  especially  true  of  what  we  call  the  Anglo-Saxon 
strain,  which  is  the  dominant  force  in  the  United  States.  It  has  never 
attempted  to  establish  itself  on  any  large  scale  in  the  tropics,  and  we 
have  no  evidence  of  what  it  might  do  there,  unaided  or  unincumbered  by 
an  alien  race.  But  the  small  experiments  in  limited  colonies  have  not 
been  successful.  Physical  energy  has  almost  uniformly  been  lost  in  an 
enervating  climate,  the  same  climate  in  which  the  black  flourishes.  So 
that  it  has  become  an  accepted  deduction  that  the  Anglo-Saxon  will 
dwindle  and  become  inefficient  in  the  tropics.  His  intellectual  faculties 
may  not  be  atrophied,  but  there  will  be  no  physical  energy  behind  them 
to  make  them  effective. 

Admitting  that  the  Anglo-Saxon  would  not  flourish  in  the  tropics,  is 
he  likely  in  a  mild  and  equable  climate  to  sustain  the  historic  pre-emin- 
ence which  he  has  acquired  in  such  a  climate  as  prevails  in  the  eastern 
and  northern  portions  of  the  United  States  ?  This  is  a  question  of  great 
interest  and  of  practical  importance,  for  it  is  being  discussed  in  regard  to 
the  experiment  in  Southern  California.  Will  the  settlers  hold  their 
northern  vigor  and  enterprise,  or  will  they  follow  the  example  of  the 
former  occupiers,  the  Spanish  Americans  ?  Or  will  they  strike  out  for 
themselves  a  middle  and  a  better  way  than  either  ?  There  might  be  a 
discussion  raised  as  to  which  sort  of  civilization,  that  of  the  North  or  of 
the  Spanish  in  the  New  World  is  most  conducive  to  the  enjoyment  of 
life,  but  there  will  be  none  as  to  which  contributes  most  to  the  energetic 
progress  of  the  world.  Back  of  all  this  is  the  question,  what  is  life  for? 
And  the  answer  to  that  varies  much  according  to  individual  temperament. 
To  some  it  is  for  comfort,  for  enjoyment,  for  the  cultivation  of  the  graces 
of  life,  the  easy  amenities  of  a  not  too  strenuous  existence.  To  others  it 
is  for  the  conquest  of  nature,  for  the  accumulation  of  wealth,  of  power, 
of  educational  facilities,  of  the  highest  development  of  the  possibilities 
in  a  man.  I  should  think  that  a  mild  climate  would  induce  the  one,  and 
that  a  rough,  uneven  climate  would  stimulate  the  other.  Is  there  any 
medium  way  ?  Is  there  any  course  by  which  vital  energy  can  be  con- 
served, for  the  competition  which  the  modern  world  demands,  and 
greater  ease,  comfort  and  enjoyment  of  life  can  be  secured  ? 

I  should  not  like  to  attempt  to  answer  either  of  these  questions  dog- 
matically, but  Southern  California  offers  a  field  for  speculation  as  to  all 
of  them.  We  have  there  a  substantially  Anglo-Saxon  race,  a  settlement 
largely  recruited  from  climatic  conditions  much  more  severe  and  extreme 
than  Southern  California  has,  and  thrown  into  a  climatic  region  that 
produced  the  sort  of  happy-go-lucky,  manana  condition  in  which  the 
country  was  under  Mexican  rule  and  influence.    The  climate  is  described 


'^^^t?"^ 


CLIMATE   AND    RACE.       »    ^^^>       ^^' 


"it. 


as  semi-tropical,  but  it  is  not  enervating,  and  is  more  stimulfttffi^A^n 
any  other  semi-tropical  climate  I  am  acquainted  with.  Its  industries  are 
largely  those  of  the  most  favored  Mediterranean  countries.  In  regard 
to  shelter  and  clothing  there  is  less  incitement  to  exertion  than  in  our 
northern  and  eastern  climate.  There  is  more  sunshine,  the  atmosphere 
is  more  genial.  It  is  a  better  place  in  which  to  loaf.  Will  these  mild 
qualities  of  climate  and  condition  in  any  injurious  degree  undermine  and 
deteriorate  the  Anglo-Saxon  energy  and  thrift  .-*  In  taking  away  some- 
thing of  the  anxiety  about  to-morrow,  will  they  weaken  provident  fore- 
sight ? 

In  considering  this  question,  we  may  notice  that  the  developers  of 
Southern  California  carry  with  them  the  desire,  now  prevalent  in  the 
United  States,  to  be  rich,  and  to  be  rich  as  soon  as  possible,  to  make  a 
display,  to  rival  and  excel  one's  neighbors.  They  lake  also  the  northern 
spirit  of  the  age,  to  be  always  in  motion,  to  be  always  doing  something 
without  much  calculation  whether  the  result  will  be  proportionate  to  the 
energy  expended.  They  take  also  something  better  than  this,  which  is  a 
desire  of  self  and  of  social  development,  of  education,  of  more  scientific 
training  of  our  powers,  of  an  expectation  of  benefitting  humanity  by 
easier  and  more  frequent  intercourse  (by  speedy  transpositions  of 
power  and  intelligence),  of  enlarged  interest  in  the  arts  of  beauty  and 
the  refinements  of  life.  Will  the  milder  climate  tend  to  harm  and  im- 
pair these  beneficent  energies?  I  do  not  think  so.  I  think  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  vitality  is  sufficient  to  cope  with  the  climate  of  Southern  Califor- 
nia not  only  in  this  but  in  succeeding  generations. 

Will  the  climate  in  any  degree  modify  the  intensity  and  the  direction 
of  these  energies  ?  I  confess  that  I  hope  so.  I  certainly  do  not  wish 
Southern  California  to  sink  into  indolence,  or  to  be  in  any  degree  thrift- 
less, or  to  increase  among  its  inhabitants  those  who  depend  upon  Provi- 
dence and  have  neither  foresight  nor  responsibility.  But  I  can  conceive  a 
country  which  shall  be  reasonably  prosperous,  not  without  energy,  in- 
dustrially and  intellectually,  and  yet  not  have  the  restlessness  of  some 
others  I  know,  and  not  be  in  a  continuous  exasperating  war  with  nature 
and  with  man.  And  climate  might  have  much  to  do  in  producing  such 
a  happy  condition.  If  the  climate  of  Southern  California  is.-  one  to 
weaken  the  moral  fibre  and  soften  the  stamina  of  a  people,  inevitably, 
then  the  Anglo-Saxon  will  suffer  defeat  in  trying  it.  But  I  do  not  con- 
ceive that  it  is.  It  ought  rather  to  add  something  to  the  grace  of  life, 
the  ease  of  living,  and  to  the  enjoyment  of  existence,  without  impairing 
any  desirable  quality.  The  climate  for  a  visitor  is  more  admirable  and 
equable  in  most  respects  than  any  I  have  experienced  except  in  some  por- 
tions of  Mexico.  Will  its  evenness  be  called  monotony,  and  will  mo- 
notony fail  to  give  that  stinmlus  which  people  experience  in  a  climate 
more  various  ?  What  effect  will  dryness,  and  the  certainty  of  agricult- 
ural production  dependent  on  irrigation  have  upon  the  character  of  a 
people  ?  These  are  all  questions  that  can  only  be  settled  by  the  experi- 
ment now  going  on.  It  will  not  be  enough  for  the  expectation  of  the 
world  that  Southern  California  shall  raise  the  best  fruit  in  the  world  in 


io6 


«     LAND    or  SUNSHINE 


abundance  to  supply  a  continent.  It  must  also  have  a  people  as  beauti- 
ful as  their  fruit  (and  with  more  flavor  than  the  early  fruits  were  reputed 
to  have),  so  that  it  can  justly  be  said,  "  by  their  fruits  ye  shall  know 
them." 

In  this  brief  paper  I  can  only  suggest  without  discussing  the  various 
aspects  of  this  subject.  I  will  only  add  that  many  people  have  a  hope, 
almost  amounting  to  a  belief,  that  the  Anglo-Saxon  energy  and  spirit  in 
the  setting  of  the  peculiar  climate  of  Southern  California  will  produce  a 
new  sort  of  community,  in  which  the  vital  forces  of  modern  life  are  not 
enervated,  but  have  added  to  them  something  of  the  charm  of  a  less 
anxious  and  more  contented  spirit. 

Hartford,  Conn. 


'  Brother  Burro. 


BY   CHAS.    F.    LUMMIS. 


Good  afternoon,  my  long-eared  brother 
We  won't  deny  the  relationship  ; 

You're  a  burro,  and  I'm  another — 

And  neither  one  of  us  cares  a  skip 


^' 


HIS  pocket  edition  of  the  donkey  —  and  the  small- 
est, hardiest  and  best  of  his  race  —  is  a  native  of 
Spain  and  was  fetched  to  America  by  the  con- 
quistadores  three  and  a  half  centuries  ago.     He  brought  his  name 
with  him  ;  and,  despite  the  federated  ignorance  of  the  dictionaries, 
it  is  not  pronounced  "  burrow"  but  boor-ro.    It  is  a  pure  Spanish 
word. 

His    masters  also  brought  the  horse,  cow,  dog,  cat,  sheep 
and  poultry  to  a  half  world  which  had  none  of  them  before  ; 
but  of  all  the  animals  introduced  to  America  by  the  conquest, 
none  filled  quite  so  long-felt  a  want  as  the  burro.     He  fitted  the  country  to 


u 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


A    YOUNG   PHILOSOPHER. 


Photo,  by  C.  F.  L. 


BROTHER    BURRO. 


107 


a  T,  and  made  himself  at  home  everywhere  from  Dead  wood  to  Valparaiso, 
and  was  the  most  useful  member  of  every  community  between.  Two- 
thirds  of  the  New  World  would  hardly  have  been  civilized  yet,  without 
him  ;  and  except  for  his  sure  feet  and  patient  back,  our  Southwest  would 
be  a  howling  wilderness  to  this  day.  There  cannot  be  commerce,  nor 
politics,  nor  even  war,  without  transportation  ;  and  a  new  country  has 
to  be  developed  by  the  broader  and  more  elastic  pack-train  before  rail- 


ing. Co 


BROTHER  BURRO.  C.pyrighf  18fll  by  Hmt   F.  Lurowii. 


io8 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


roads  become  possible.  The  horse  and  the  mule  are  fair  packers  ;  but 
both  need  to  eat  and  both  require  some  sort  of  footing.  A  burro, 
od  the  other  hand,  can  carry  his  hundred-and-twenty-five  pounds 
almost  anywhere  ;  and  where  there  is  nothing  to  eat,  eats  whatever  non- 
edible  thing  may  be  handiest.  So  far  as  Spanish  America  goes  —  and  it 
goes  from  Nebraska  to  Patagonia  —  the  burro  has  been  the  cornerstone 
of  history  and  the  father  of  civilization.  He  has  forwarded  the  frontier 
and  made  conquest  of  the  wilderness.  He  has  developed  more  mines 
than  all  the  railroads  in  the  world  ;  and  has  been  to  innumerable  millions 
of  pioneers  the  whole  engine  of  success.  Yet  in  these  dwindling  days 
it  is  become  the  fashion  to  sneer  at  him. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


WHICH    TS  WHICH  ? 


Just  why  long  ears  should  have  been  saddled  with  the  proverb  of 
stupidity  is  as  hard  to  guess  as  is  almost  any  other  of  the  animal  classi- 
fications which  have  taken  their  place  in  our  modern  superstition.  It 
was  surely  no  aborigine  who  so  catalogued  the  donkey  ;  for  in  his  prim- 
itive days,  man  lives  with  his  eyes  and  ears  open.  Civilized  humanity, 
on  the  other  hand,  having  largely  lost  its  attention  and  perception  of 
things  at  first  hand,  tallies  its  surroundings  not  according  to  their  fact, 
but  according  to  its  emotions  or  its  selfishness. 

"  Asininity,"  as  a  matter  of  fact,  is  not  an  attribute  of  quadrupeds  but 
a  purely  human  trait.  And  as  for  the  burro,  he  isn't  half  such  an  ass  as 
those  who  take  him  for  one. 

It  would  not  be  frank  to  deny  that  he  is  a  conservative  —  and  therefore 
on  general  principles  opposed  to  progress.     But  he  is  far  less  hidebound 


^*.^' 


GLOOMY   HLFLLCTIONS. 


'IjMtu   l>y  Idisi;,  I'asadciia. 


iio  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 

than  many  conservatives  who  go  on  half  his  legs.  He  is  capable  of  a 
new  idea,  as  some  of  them  are  not  —  and  I  have  even  known  him  to 
change  his  mind. 

That  he  is  something  of  a  philosopher,  no  one  will  deny  who  knows 
him  well.  He  has  his  ideas  and  ambitions,  which  he  fulfills  if  he  can. 
But  if  he  cannot,  he  resigns  himself  with  a  Socratic  sigh  to  the  harsh 
realities  of  the  packtrain.  Not  in  any  craven  fashion,  mind  you.  It  is 
only  when  convinced  that  he  cannot  scale  the  barbed  fence  nor  rupture 
the  reata  that  he  tries  to  make  the  best  of  a  bad  business.  He  does  not 
pretend  to  like  the  biped  bully  who  tight-laces  him  with  the  cinch-rope 
and  thanks  his  honest  service  with  a  kick  and  a  curse.  Nor  does  he 
make  out  that  he  never  did  think  much  of  alfalfa  as  a  diet  anyhow.  He 
is  perfectly  willing  that  you  should  know  he  would  rather  be  in  yon 
cabbage-patch  than  here  ;  and  that  he  doesn't  feel  at  all  proud  of  your 
evident  kinship.  But  you  "  have  the  drop  on  him,"  and  he  isn't  the  one 
to  kick  against  the  pricks.  He  simply  accepts  the  inevitable  ;  the  wish- 
able  he  relegates  to  his  dreams.  So  long  as  his  mind  to  him  a  kingdom 
is,  he  can  afford  to  endure  kicks  and  cudgels  on  the  physical  frontier. 
And  having  some  sense  of  humor  —  as  all  quadrupeds  have,  and  some 
bipeds  —  I  daresay  he  enjoys  being  "a  stupid  beast"  around  whose 
dignified  balance  the  Superior  Creature  prances  in  vain  rage,  whopping 
his  arms  and  violating  the  dictionary. 

But  it  is  not  so  much  a  question  of  dignity  as  of  mind.  The  proper 
definition  of  an  ass  is:  "A  fellow  who  doesn't  know  what  to  do  with 
what  sense  he  has."  If  he  has  no  sense  at  all,  he  isn't  an  ass  but  an 
idiot.  If  he  has  a  little  sense  and  uses  it  as  far  as  it  will  go,  he  is  not  a 
fool  but  a  philosopher. 

You  never  saw  a  burro  sit  down  and  scratch  his  head  in  perplexity  ; 
nor  run  first  this  way  and  then  that,  like  a  person  at  a  house-afire  ;  nor 
go  ask  his  partner  or  his  lawyer  what  the  deuce  he  had  better  do.  He 
always  knows  what  he  had  better  do,  and  just  how  to  do  it ;  and  the 
chances  are  excellent  that  he  will  do  it,  before  he  is  done  —  the  arriero 
to  the  contrary  notwithstanding.  He  never  walks  the  floor  all  night  to 
figure  out  how  he  can  rob  some  other  donkey  of  his  breakfast.  Nor 
worries  himself  lean  over  some  scheme  to  get  fat.  Nor  breaks  his  back 
with  trying  to  hold  his  head  a  little  higher  than  that  burro  of  Smith's. 

The  only  cloud  that  has  ever  been  cast  on  his  title  to  intelligence  is 
that  he  does  not  always  know  what  his  master  wishes.  If  he  did,  their 
positions  would  be  reversed.  The  master  himself  frequently  couldn't 
tell.  It  is  rather  too  much  to  ask  that  a  modest  quadruped  shall  know 
the  average  mind  of  man.  No  one  else  does  —  unless  God  may.  I  have 
a  notion  that  the  burro  realizes  this.  It  is  the  only  logical  explanation 
of  the  remarks  he  sometimes  makes  out  loud  in  the  night.  You  have 
only  to  listen  to  the  tone  of  his  voice  to  be  sure  that  he  is  not  speaking 
of  himself.  None  of  the  mellowness  of  egotism  is  there.  It  sounds  as 
if  he  were  trying  to  express  his  opinion  of  man —  and  were  really  suc- 
ceeding very  well. 

Of  course  to  the  intellectuality  which  "distinguishes  man  from  ani- 


ONLY    JOHN.  Ill 

mals  "  (as  some  persons  who  are  not  animals  declare)  he  cannot  hope  to 
attain.  He  is  too  benighted  to  think  of  filling  his  hide  with  a  juice  he 
doesn't  like,  just  because  someone  invites  him  to  "nominate  his  poison ;" 
or  to  drown  his  sorrow  over  the  stake-rope.  He  has  not  progressed  to 
going  home  and  kicking  his  female  consort  because  another  fellow 
kicked  him  this  afternoon  ;  nor  to  snubbing  her  as  an  inferior  since  the 
beginning  of  the  world.  I  suspect  he  is  not  ass  enough  to  forget  that  he 
was  not  present  at  the  creation,  and  doesn't  know  just  what  the  balance 
was  ;  that  so  far  as  Nature  is  concerned,  the  female  seems  to  have  had 
an  entirely  fair  start,  and  that  an  evolution  of  suppression  has  brought 
about  whatever  differences  may  now  exist. 

His  limitations  are  also  shown  by  his  lack  of  ambition.  As  everyone 
knows,  if  he  were  a  reasoning  creature  (like  Us,  for  instance)  he  would 
devote  his  whole  time  and  strength  to  laying  up  hay.  Not  that  he  could 
expect  to  eat  a  few  million  tons  himself,  nor  that  his  ultimate  posterity 
could  —  but  to  amass  it  would  be  so  much  less  asinine  than  to  eat  what 
he  needed  in  the  alfalfa  patch  and  leave  the  rest  for  the  next  fellow.  In 
politics  he  is  almost  human  ;  the  same  person  who  led  his  father  around 
by  a  rope  will  probably  lead  him — but  there  is  the  trifling  distinction 
that  he  would  bolt  the  party  if  he  could,  and  that  he  does  not  elect  his 


No,  he  has  his  limitations,  but  he  is  very  far  from  being  a  consummate 
ass.  Still,  I  believe  in  evolution  ;  and  that  there  may  be  hope  even  for 
the  burro.  There  is  no  knowing  how  much  may  be  done  for  him,  in 
time,  by  continuance  of  his  present  associations. 


•  Only  John. 

BY    J.    TORREY    CONNOR. 

T  was  **  only  John,"  as  teeming  ships  from  the  Orient  glided  into 
port.  "Only  John,"  as  he  pattered  noiselessly  about  in  his 
funny  foot-gear,  apologetically  complaisant,  never  intrusive. 
Only  John  !  Yet  in  a  few  short  years  he  has  overrun  the  Coast. 
Although  cosmopolitan  San  Francisco  is  Mongolian  headquar- 
ters, Los  Angeles  has  some  2000  Celestials.  If  there  are 
uncomfortable  odors  in  the  Chinese  quarter,  nothing  can 
exceed  its  picturesqueness  —  the  narrow  alleys  across  which 
crazy  tenements  lean,  the  dimly-lighted  interiors,  opening  on 
balconies  hung  with  gay  paper  lanterns,  the  provision  shops, 
where  colors  run  riot,  all  form  a  quaint  setting  for  the  quaint 
people. 
"Chinatown  "  is  the  Mecca  of  tourists  ;  they  throng  the  alleys,  peer 
into  passages,  invade  the  opium  dens,  gambling-holes  and  Joss  house, 
and  empty  their  purses  over  the  counter  of  the  sleek  merchant  with  a 
button  on  his  cap.  He  decorates  his  one  window  in  ivory  carvings, 
delicate  porcelains  and  tinselled  trifles,  to  the  undoing  of  the  beholder. 
He  obligingly  brings  out  for  inspection  squat  tea-pots  of  doubtful  beauty 
and  still  more  doubtful  utility,  embroidered  crapes  and  pretty  trinkets 


ONLY    JOHN. 


"3 


galore.  Finally,  after  purchasing  a  filmy  hand- 
kerchief "  velly  cheap  "  of  Wun  Lung,  we  ascer- 
tain that  You  Hop,  farther  down  the  street,  sells 
the  same  article  for  half  the  price. 

The  Chinese  have  acquired  j  ust  enough  of  Yankee 
tricks  to  enable  them  to  hold  their  own  with  the 
"  Melican  man,"  but  aside  from  this,  they  retain 
their  individuality  to  a  marked  degree.  This  shoe- 
maker's shop,  for  instance,  would  never  be  mis- 
taken for  the  shop  of  an  American  ;  a  mere  cubby- 
hole, littered  with  useless  odds  and  ends.  Presently 
the  shoemaker  comes  in,  and  falls  to  work  on  the 
queer  thick-soled  sabots,  such  as  are  seen  on  the 
feet  of  aristocrat  and  plebeian  alike. 

Directly  across  the  street  an  imposing  sign  in 
two  colors,  on  which  are  scrawled  hieroglyphics 
setting  forth  the  superior  skill  of  Ah  Him,  the 
talented  cue-dresser,  catches  the  eye.  His  neigh- 
bor, Hop  Sing,  makes  "  heap  fine  "  cigar  from  the 
leaves  of  the  cabbage  ;  incidentally,  he  hums  as  he 
works  the  refrain  of  a  song  learned  at  the  Mission 

Sunday  school.  union  Eng  Co. 

Turning  down  a  street  deserted  save  by  occasional  pedestrians,  blue- 
bloused  and  bell-hatted,  that  slip  silently  up  passages  and  around  corners, 
we  come  upon  a  Joss  house.  Standing  at  the  entrance  as  though  on 
guard  is  a  fat,  fat  priest,  who  bears  a  striking  resemblance  to  the  pictured 
deities  with  which  the  walls  are  adorned.     The  altar  is  resplendent  in 

gilt  lacquer  work  and  various 
art  decorations,  as  is  also  the 
high,  carved  shrine,  where  the 
Joss  is  throned  in  state.  Huge 
brass  urns,  in  which  joss-sticks 
for  the  propitiation  of  the  spirits 
are  constantly  burned,  stand 
before  the  altar  ;  the  shadowy 
place  is  filled  with  the  pungent 
fragrance  of  the  burning  punk. 
As  we  emerge  from  the  tem- 
ple, half  stifled  by  the  closeness, 
and  deafened  by  the  clangor  of 
■ongs,  beaten  vigorously  during 
Uie  ceremony  of  exorcising  the 
devil,  the  door  of  a  restaurant 
stands  invitingly  open.  The 
bill  of  fare  is  such  as  would 
tempt  the  most  fastidious  of 
heathen  gourmands.  The  "Mel- 
ican  man"  might  regard  with 


^ 


^ 


I 


Union  tn%.  Co 

LAW  ARK  FAWN, 


Photo,  by  8churo»ch»r 
INTERPRETER. 


114 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


prejudice  a  feast  of  abalone  soup,  sharks'  fins,  dried  duck  smeared  with 
oil,  pork  tamales  and  bean  curd,  tea  with  every  course,  topped  off  with 
a  dessert  of  watermelon  seeds,  pickled  bamboo  and  dried  beetles  —  the 
latter  a  special  delicacy,  retailing  at  five  cents  apiece.  Not  so  John; 
and  when  he  has  gratified  his  appetite,  the  meal  is  washed  down  with  a 
draught  of  rice  brandy. 

It  is  opium,  however,  that  is  the  Chinaman's  solace  for  the  ills  of  life. 
We  peep  into  one  of  the  dens  frequented  by  the  pipe-hitters.  The  flar- 
ing light  of  a  small  oil  lamp  reveals  the  unconscious  form  of  a  "fiend  " 
stretched  prone  upon  his  narrow  bunk,  the  pipe  slipping  from  his  nerve- 
less grasp,  his  pallid  face  distorted  by  the  ghastly  smile  that  proclaims 
the  entrance  of  the  sleeper  into  realms  of  Oriental  bliss.  Sometimes  one 
crouching  in  the  shadows  will  start  up,  gazing  stolidly  into  space  with 
lack-lustre  eyes,  and  we  hurry  away  from  a  scene  oppressive  as  a  night- 
mare. 

John  is  an  inveterate  gambler  ;  and  fan-tan,    a  sort   of  Chinese   faro. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


CHINESE  VEGETABLE  PEDDLER. 


absorbs  much  of  his  spare  time  and  cash.  This  diversion  is  strictly  pro- 
hibited by  law,  but  nowise  daunted  by  this  he  builds  strongholds, 
furnished  with  secret  passages  and  guarded  by  thick,  iron-barred  doors, 
where  he  may  in  comparative  safety  indulge  in  his  favorite  pastime. 

The  little  shops  spill  their  contents  over  the  thresholds  into  the  streets, 
where  the  curbstone  dealers  pick  up  the  crumbs  of  trade.  A  vegetable 
peddler,  .swinging  two  enormous  baskets  from  a  yoke,  borne  across  the 
shoulders,  blocks  the  street ;  before  a  bulletin  board,  placarded  with  red 
cards,  a  group  of  idlers  tarries  ;  roly-poly  children  play  contentedly  in 
the  gutter. 

Presently  we  enter  a  market  where  meat  and  fish  are  sold.  It  literally 
"smells  to  heaven."  "  Guy-na-po,"  a  peculiar-shaped  fish  imported 
from  China,  and  "  hong  yee,"  a  species  of  codfish,  are  in  great  demand  : 
the  shark-fin  market  is  also  firm.     Duck  eggs  preserved  in  oil  add  their 


ONLY    JOHN. 


115 


aroma  to  the  confusion  of  smells  ;  and  there  are  dried  abalone  and 
skewered  shrimps. 

A  guide  approaches,  and  in  eloquent  pidgin*  English  offers  his  services  ; 
"  For  one  dolla-haf  takee  teater,"  he  announces,  but  eventually  accepts 
four  bits.  We  follow  in  his  wake,  and  are  ushered  into  a  stuffy  passage, 
where  a  doorkeeper  taxes  us  two  bits  a  head.  Entering  the  theater 
proper,  our  ears  are  saluted  by  a  din  that  can  only  be  compared  to  bed- 
lam let  loose  ;  the  orchestra  is  tuning  up.  Presently,  with  a  preliminary 
twang,  the  overture  begins  —  the  drum  a  beat  or  two  ahead  of  the  cym- 
bals, the  fiddles  bringing  up  the  rear. 

The  regular  patrons  arrive  early,  and  soon  the  rough  benches  are  filled 
with  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  Chinamen,  from  the  toil-grimed  vegetable 
gardener  in  his  coarse  blouse,  to  the  well-groomed  merchant.  Later  a 
party  of  Chinese  damsels  enter,  and  a  box  —  so  called  by  courtesy,  being 


Uoion  Ebg.  Co. 


THE  OPIUM   SMOKER. 


guiltless  of  hangings  or  upholstery  —  is  accorded  them.  The  stage  pos- 
sesses neither  scenery  nor  curtain  ;  consequently,  when  the  hero  decapi- 
tates the  villain,  the  corpse  must  perforce  arise  and  make  room  for  the 
next  scene  of  action,  in  full  sight  of  the  audience. 

The  motif  of  the  play  is  not  made  clear  to  us,  although  the  guide, 
between  the  smoking  of  vile  cigarettes,  endeavors  to  explain.  At  inter- 
vals a  wildly  excited  individual  rushes  across  the  stage,  brandishing  a 
gleaming  battle-ax  :  this  is  the  signal  for  the  appearance  of  an  almond- 
eyed  stage-female,  who,  from  a  safe  distance,  implores  him  to  return  to 
the  bosom  of  his  family  —  or  thus  we  interpret.  Other  actors,  big  and 
little,  flit  on  and  off,  to  whom  in  turn  the  almond-eyed  appeals  in  high- 
pitched  tones.  Finally,  the  hero  of  the  battle-ax,  who  has  retired  to  the 
seclusion  of  a  small  screen,  placed  across  the  corner  of  the  stage,  emerges, 
and  sulkily  accepts  the  proffered  olive  branch. 


•  Hot  "  pigeon."    The  phra»e  i*  timply  a  Cliirif 


mris"  Engliiih.— Ed. 


ii6 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


'*  How  much  longer  does  the  play  last?"  we  enquire  of  the  guide. 
"  Floty  day,"  is  the  somewhat  surprising  reply. 

After  nightfall  one  sees  Chinatown  at  its  best ;  the  old  rookeries  are 
hung  with  lanterns  that  glow  like  great  jewels,  and  one  forgets  the 
squalor.  From  alleys  and  byways,  from  nooks  and  crannies,  the  denizens 
emerge,  each  dressed  in  his  best  —  the  guests  that  are  bidden  to  the  feast, 
the  gambler,  who  hopes  to  retrieve  the  losses  of  last  night  by  the  winnings 
of  this,  the  high-binder,  who  awaits  in  yonder  passage  the  coming  of  his 
victim.     Marchessault  street  and  its  arteries  are  pulsing  with  life. 


Union  Eng.  Co 


The  Zarape. 


BY    J.     W.     WOOD. 


Drawn  by  Chas.  S.  Ward. 


In  Aztec  lands — where  rugged  mountains  rise, 
Where  tropic  perfumes  fill  the  lang'rous  air, 
And  soft  maiianas  banish  mortal  care — 
A  senorita  dwells — child  of  the  southern  skies. 

Before  rude  loom  she  sits,  in  comely  attitude 
A  love  song  sings,  in  tender  voice  and  low — 
Whilst  from  mysterious  warp  rare  patterns  grow — 
A  picture  for  poet's  pen,  or  lover's  mood. 

In  heedless  pose,  in  sweet  untutored  grace, 
Her  drooping  lids  scarce  veiling  glorious  eyes — 
Whose  slumb'rous  deeps  outvie  the  midnight  skies 
And  pouting  lipvs  full  set  in  nut-brown  face. 

Quick  ply  her  fingers  ;  deftly  each  thread  caught, 
Swift  as  the  serpent  glides  the  shuttle  strand, 
Each  vagrant  loop  snared  by  her  nimble  hand — 
So  the  zarape's  brilliant  web  is  wrought ! 


117 


<■  Our  Historic  Treasures. 

S  a  matter  of  fact,  not  only  the  finest  scenery  in  the 
United  States  but  the  only  ruins  worthy  of  the 
name  are  all  in  the  Southwest.  The  Missions  of 
Southern  California,  though  least  ancient  of  these 
monuments  of  the  past,  are  architecturally  the 
finest  and  are  the  only  ones  practically  accessible 
to  the  average  traveler. 

This  magazine  has  already  given  considerable 
space  of  text  and  illustration  to  these  noble  old  piles,  and  will  follow 
them  up  thoroughly.  After  two  generations  of  average  neglect,  a  con- 
certed movement  is  now  on  foot  to  preserve  these  monuments  of  the  past 
from  further  destruction  ;  and  it  is  the  purpose  of  these  present  pages  to 
show  something  of  the  necessity  for  such  an  awakening  of  intelligence 
before  it  shall  be  too 
late.  Illustration  is 
more  eloquent  of  the 
needs  of  the  case  than 
any  words  could  be  ; 
and  most  of  the  space 
will  be  given  to  it. 

The  accompanying 
photo-engraving  shows 
the  broken  dome  of  the 
mortuary  chapel  at  San 
Luis  Rey.  The  whole 
dome  has  since  fallen 
in  ;  and  this  particular!  \ 
interesting  little  room 
an  octagon  with  pon- 
derous adobe  walls  — 
will  be  absolutely  lost 
unless  it  can  soon  be 
re-roofed. 

The  kitchen  at  San 
Juan  Capistrano  (front- 
ispiece) with  its  unique 
and  delightful  tile  chim- 
ney, is  one  of  the 
choicest  architectural 
bits  among  all  the  Mis- 
sions. The  imminence 
of  its  peril  is  graphically 
shown  by  the  engrav- 
ing. Of  the  great  stone 
church  of  the  same 
Mission,  only  two  domes 

,  particuimrly  August  and 


Union  Kng  Co.  Photo,  hy  Fle'cher. 

THE  MORTUARY  CHAPEL,   SAN   LUIS  REY. 


(tob«r,  for  detcriptions  of  certain  Missions. 


OUR    HISTORIC    TREASURES. 


IT9 


remain  ;  and  the  destruction  of  both  is  threatened  by  the  failing  pillar 
shown  in  the  engraving  below.  This  magnificent  building  had  seven 
domes.  In  the  earthquake  of  1812  the  tower  fell,  crushing  one  of  the 
domes  and  killing  about  thirty  worshippers.     The  rest  of  the  roof,  back  to 


L.  A.  Kn(.  Co. 


Pli  Mio.  by  i.  U.  Palacho. 


THE  DANCER  TO   THE  DOMES  OF  SAN   JUAN. 
(The  cracked  pilUr  whose  fall  will  ruin  the  »tone  church  ) 


the  transept,  was  blown  up  with  gunpowder  no  longer  ago  than  the  Sixties, 
by  mistaken  friends  who  were  to  rebuild  the  church  with  the  same 
material  —  but  never  did  so.  It  was  a  great  calamity,  the  blame  of  which 
has  commonly  but  erroneously  been  laid  upon  the  earthquake.     But  the 


120 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


walls  of  the  transept,  the  complete  chancel  with  its  splendid  dome  of 
rock  masonry,  and  the  domed  sacristy  still  stand  ;  and  by  proper  care 
can  be  made  to  outlast  several  centuries  yet.  Less  noble  but  quite  as 
picturesque  and  in  equally  critical  stages  of  decay  are  the  original  adobe 
church  founded  by  Junipero  Serra  himself  in  1776  ;  and  the  dwellings 
and  other  buildings  typical  of  one  of  these  strange  little  religious  com- 
monwealths in  the  wilderness.     All  the  verandas  are  unroofed,  many  of 


^^^tj^tjT  -   -Z    ^    ^-    ^'^'-f   »^  *  '  ^'^..ffi- 

m^'^0- 

■I^^^^^H^'                  .  '^ 

iti-        -        ,  "             fJlUSkiSsKBSKmtIm'. 

1  m 

Union  Lug.  Co. 


by  (Jhas.   Roberts. 


THE  CONDITION  AT  SAN   FERNANDO. 


the  fine  colonnades  gone,  and  others  buckling  to  fall.  The  rains  are  sap- 
ping the  bottom  of  the  adobe  walls  and  havocking  under  the  broken 
roofs.  In  all  these  cases  the  efforts  of  the  new  club^  which  has  been 
formed  to  preserve  our  historic  landmarks,  will  go  to  repairing  the  tile 
roofs,  facing  and  capping  with  cement  the  threatened  walls,  binding 
together  with  iron  rods  the  walls  and  pillars  that  now  totter,  keeping 
vegetation  out  of  the  cracks  where  it  pries  solid  masonry  as  with  a  crowbar, 
and  preventing  further  vandalism  by  boys  or  tourists  of  little  shame. 
With  proper  help  the  club  can  preserve  for  several  generations  these 
precious  remains  practically  as  they  stand  today  ;  wan  and  weathered  and 
broken,  yet  beyond  all  comparison  the  finest  and  most  important  monu- 
ments of  a  romantic  pioneer  civilization  that  are  to  be  found  in  the 
United  States. 


•  See  page  137. 


V^VV    YEAR  5  DAY,   1890.  I'hotos.  by   Waite. 


I7Bli-^.*Tj/ 


■r'A-  m 


123 


The  Petrified  Forest. 


BY    H.     N.     RUST. 

N  our  return  from  the  Moqui  snake-dauce  to  the 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  R.  R.  at  Holbrook,  we  took 
the  train  to  Adameda,  a  new  station  east  of  Hol- 
brook and  a  convenient  entering-point  to  the  most 
remarkable  portions  of  the  great  "  Petrified  Forest" 
of  Arizona.  Here  we  were  met  by  Adam  Hanna,  a 
Scotch  cattle-rancher  whose  home-ranch  is  not  far 
from  the  station,  He  is  prepared  to  take  passen- 
gers to  the  wonderful  "  forest"  six  miles  away,  and  to  care  for  them  from 
the  time  they  leave  the  train  till  they  board  it  again. 

A  short  drive,  after  dinner  at  the  ranch-house,  brought  us  to  the  edge 
of  this  marvelous  field  which  covers  some  hundreds  of  square  miles  and 
is  dotted  with  its  beautiful  stone  logs.  The  country  here  is  a  succession 
of  valleys  between  broad  mesas  and  conical  buttes  which  show  how  the 
general  surface  has  been  lowered  by  erosion. 

"Logs"  of  all  sizes,  turned  from  wood  into  rich-colored  agates  and 
chalcedony,  lie  about  us  everywhere.  All  are  broken  transversely,  and 
at  a  little  distance  look  strikingly  as  if  they  had  been  sawed  oflF,  They 
vary  in  diameter  from  six  inches  to  five  or  six  feet ;  and  the  sections  are 
from  two  inches  to  thirty  feet  in  length.  On  the  top  of  a  sharp  butte  loo 
feet  above  the  plain  lies  a  log  four  feet  in  diameter  and  about  twenty  feet 
long.  It  looks  from  a  distance  just  like  a  mounted  cannon.  The  ends 
project  over  the  butte  on  each  side,  and  it  seems  to  be  a  matter  of  only  a 
few  more  years  before  the  wasting  of  its  base  under  the  action  of  the 
elements  must  topple  it  down  to  the  plain. 

Climbing  up  a  mesa,  we  found  the  ends  of  petrified  logs  projecting 
from  the  solid  sandstone  strata  of  its  face  ;  and  descending  at  the  further 
side  of  the  mesa  we  came  to  a  deep  ravine,  across  which  a  great  fossil 


AMONG   THE  PETRIFIED      LOGS."  Piioto.  by  Vromaii,  P»»uaeiia. 


124 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


tree  forms  a  natural  bridge.  This  log  of  agate,  five  feet  in  diameter,  has 
both  its  ends  imbedded  in  the  sandstone  of  the  banks.  The  rains  of  ages 
have  not  only  cut  down  through  the  rock  to  it,  but  gouged  out  under  it 
a  gully  forty  feet  deep.  We  walked  over  this  wonderful  bridge  and 
found  that  its  span  is  forty-four  feet.  It  is  doubtless  the  most  adaman- 
tine bridge  in  the  world,  for  the  agate  of  this  "  forest"  ranks  next  to  the 
diamond  in  hardness. 

From  this  unique  bridge,  six  miles  from  the  railroad,  we  retraced  our 
way  to  the  lower  plain  and  drove  about  six  miles  farther  into  the  "  for- 
est." It  is  not,  of  course,  a  forest  in  the  usual  sense  of  the  word  —  for 
the  country  is  very  broken  and  quite  treeless.     But  on  every  side  lie  the 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


ONCE   TALL    TREES. 


Photo,  by  Crandall,  Pasadena 


broken  and  hardened  remains  of  what  was  once  a  forest  and  a  noble  one. 
The  brilliant  colored  "chips"  broken  off  by  relic-seekers  or  by  accident 
litter  the  ground  all  about  the  fallen  giants.  We  gathered  great  weights 
of  most  beautiful  specimens,  only  to  throw  them  away  as  we  found 
others  more  beautiful  still. 

We  found  also  what  appeared  to  be  Indian  pictographs  on  the  rocks, 
and  traced  them  in  our  note-books,  wishing  for  someone  to  interpret 
them.  As  we  were  about  to  copy  one  which  was  more  distinct  than  the 
rest,  our  driver  said  :  "  Hold  on  there  !  Lemme  tell  you.  When  we  was 
camped  here  we  was  tryin'  to  figger  out  a  new  cattle-brand,  and  I  took  a 
stone  and  picked  them  marks  myself.  It  makes  a  good  brand."  May 
we  not  expect,  however,  that  these  hieroglyphics  will  some  time  be  de- 
scribed and  figured  as  Indian  pictographs  ?  * 

We  passed  through  an  interesting  gorge,  whose  high  walls  of  clay  had 
many  rocks  protruding  ;  and  we  found  the  end  of  a  petrified  log  which  is 


*  Undoubtedly.  This  is  a  typical  case  of  the  origin  and  value  of  practically  all  the 
pictographs  in  the  United  States.  Even  when  Indians  made  them,  they  made  them 
often  as  idly  and  unmeaningly. — Et>. 


THE    CLOUD    PLAY. 


"5 


Union  Eng.  Co.  THE  PETRI FI ED-TREE  BRIDGE.  Photo,  by  Vroman,  Pasadena. 

imbedded  in  the  same  stratum.  We  camped  that  night  beside  a  dry 
wash  near  the  southern  edge  of  the  forest ;  and  our  driver's  attempts  to 
dig  to  water  were  fruitless.  At  dawn,  however,  we  found  that  the  horses, 
though  hobbled,  had  found  the  right  spot  and  had  pawed  out  the  sand 
till  they  reached  water,  enough  to  drink.  "  Horse  sense"  is  a  good  thing 
to  have  in  the  desert.  It  is  well-known  among  frontiersmen  that  horses, 
mules  and  cattle  have  an  ability  to  find  water  far  beyond  the  power  of 
man.  Whether  they  smell  it,  as  is  usually  believed  on  the  frontier,  or 
find  it  by  some  other  sense,  is  not  so  important  as  the  fact  that  they  do 
find  it  —  and  in  dry  regions  sometimes  save  not  only  their  own  lives  but 
the  lives  of  their  owners. 

We  drove  from  the  petrified  forest  to  Holbrook,  22  miles  west ;  and 
there  took  the  train  for  home,  laden  with  specimens  and  with  happy 
memories  of  our  two  days  in  the  agate  wonderland  of  Arizona. 

PaMdens. 


The  Cloud  Play. 


BY   JEANIE    PMET. 


'Twas  a  representation  superb,  dramatic  ; 

The  west  was  full  of  their  saffron  forms. 
I  gazed  entranced,  from  my  "  box  "  in  the  attic, 

At  this  act  from  the  tragic  drama  of  storms. 


Then,  sudden  and  strong,  did  a  fancy  seize  me— 
I'd  sketch  three  furies  who  chased  the  sun. 

But  ere  my  colors  were  mixed  to  please  me, 
The  curtain  was  down,  and  the  play  was  done. 


126 


Architecture  for  the  Southwest. 


lY    ARTHUR    BURNETT    BENTON. 


%|^  "©P 


Union  Eng.  Co. 

AN  ALGERIAN 


Photo,  by  Miss  Dreer 
ENTRANCE. 


HE  alliance  recently 
formed  between  the 
Pasadena  Loan  Associ- 
ation and  the  Southern  Califor- 
nia Chapter  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Architects,  for  the 
purpose  of  collecting  and  main- 
taining public  exhibitions  of  all 
that  is  best  in  architectural 
design  and  of  the  building 
materials  necessary  for  their 
execution ,  marks  the  beginning, 
in  this  "Our  Italy,"  or  "Our 
Spain,"  of  organized  eflfort 
toward  a  wider  and  better  appre- 
ciation of  that  noble  art  to 
whose  triumphs  the  older  Spain 
and  Italy  owe  so  much  of  their 
charm. 

Not  that  we  of  the  Southwest 
have  been  more  unappreciative 
of  good  architecture  than  is  the 
rule  wherever  like  conditions  of 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co.  MOORISH  :   COURT  OF  THE  LIONS,    IN   THE  ALHAMBRA. 

'  Secretary  Southern  California  Chapter  of  the  American  Institute  of  Architects. 


ARCHITECTURE    FOR    THE    SOUTHWEST.  127 


I..  A.  Eiig.  Co. 


VENETIAN    TYPES. 


I'niun  Kn|.  Co. 


Plioto.  by  Chas.  V.  Lumniiti. 
HitSSION-MORESQUE :   A   CORRIDOR   IN   LIMA,    PERU. 


128 


LAND    OF    SUNSHINE. 


material  development  prevail, 
or  without  well  directed  efforts 
to  supply  that  lack  of  any- 
accurate  architectural  knowl- 
edge whatsoever,  which  is  so 
characteristic  of  our  age  and 
nation— as  readers  of  the  Land 
OF  Sunshine  have  good  reason 
to  know.  But  the  specific  work 
contemplated  by  this  alliance 
can  be  well  accomplished  only 
by  organizations  commanding 
the  best  technical  talent  and 
widest  social  privilege. 

I  should  be  a  disloyal  citizen 
as  well  as  untrue  to  my  profes- 
sion, did  I  not  desire  for  the 
Southwest  a  better  architectural 
development  than  has  yet  been 
attained  by  any  nation  in 
modern  times. 

That  this  is  not  an  architect- 
ural age  is  self-evident  to  all 
who  are  versed  in  the  history  of 
this  wonderful  art  which  in  its 
highest  practice  becomes  the 
mother  of  all  arts.  Mighty 
nations  of  old  wrought  their 
faith  and  patriotism  and  civic 
pride  into  their  architecture 
with  such  skill  of  design,  such 
cunning  of  craftsmanship  as  to 
defy  the  storms  and  earth- 
quakes and  wars  of  centuries, 
so  that  much  still  challenges  alike  our  admiration  and  our  emulation. 

As  yet  we  have  contented  ourselves  with  at  best  but  copying  —  too 
often,  alas  !  caricaturing  —  what  they  with  less  opportunity  wrought  out 
with  patience,  diligence  and  thought. 

I  grant  that  present  conditions  are  not  as  favorable  to  great  architectural 
development  as  in  some  past  epochs.  State  patronage  is  lacking,  and  a 
divided  church  compels  the  multiplication  of  temples  at  the  sacrifice  of 
dignity  and  beauty  ;  but  the  pity  is  that  so  much  of  our  building  is  crude, 
ugly,  base  (when  at  less  expense  it  might  be  right  and  beautiful)  simply 
because  we  have  not  learned  to  distinguish  bad  architecture  from  good. 
The  trend  of  the  times  is  undoubtedly  toward  better  architecture,  but 
it  is  a  striking  commentary  on  our  civilization  that  we  are  making  our 
marts  of  trade  palaces  of  brick  and  marble  while  we  continue  to  dwell 
and  worship  in  wooden  boxes. 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co, 


Photo,  by  T.  H.  Palache. 
MISSION   WINDOW-GRILL. 
(San  Fernando,  Cal.) 


ARCHITECTURE     FOR    THE   SOUTHWEST. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


Drawn  by  k..  B.  Benton 


Good  architecture,  even  "  for  advertising  purposes  only,"  is  a  great 
educator,  however  ;  and  we  believe  that  many  are  beginning  to  appreciate 
that  architecture  means  more  than  they  have  hitherto  dreamed.  When 
we  shall  comprehend  that  in  it  all  past  civilizations  lie  embalmed,  that 
painting  and  sculpture  are  but  its  handmaidens,  and  proportion,  unity 
and  strength,  and  therefore  beauty,  its  absolute  essentials,  we  shall 
recognize  that  a  dishonest  building  is  as  vulgar  as  sham  jewelry  ;  an  ugly 
one,  an  insult  to  the  community. 

Since  art  is  born  of  the  love  of  beauty,  may  we  not  in  this  favored 
land,  which  nature  has  formed  as  fair  as  ancient  Hellas,  hope  for  another 
age  of  Pericles? 

I  am  frequently  asked  what  style  of  architecture  is  best  adapted  to  the 
Southwest  ;  my  answer  is  that  it  all  depends  on  the  purpose  of  the  pro- 
posed building,  its  site  and  the  tastes  and  habits  of  its  tenant  —  for 
houses  are  primarily  to  live  in,  not  to  look  at. 

Our  architecture  should  grow  as  has  our  English  language,  by  selection 
and  adaptation  of  whatever  is  good  and  meets  our  wants,  be  it  Greek  or 
Spanish,  Latin  or  French  —  only  we  must  see  to  it  that  we  make  of  it 
not  a  jargon  but  a  noble  tongue. 

However,  in  our  complex  English  the  Anglo-Saxon  predominates;  and 
if  I  mistake  not,  when  we  have  adapted  our  habits  of  living  to  our  climate, 
and  our  architecture  becomes  the  honest  expression  of  that  life,  it  will 
resemble  most  the  renaissance  types  of  southern  Europe.  In  the  old 
Mission  buildings  we  possess  invaluable  examples  of  a  development  of 
the  Spanish  Renaissance.  Their  quiet  beauty  and  strength  harmonize 
with  our  solemn  mountains  and  are  in  sharp  contrast  with  the  pretentious 
popular  types  of  building  with  their  flimsy  construction  and  meretricious 
ornamentation. 

The  Mission  architecture  possesses  breadth  and  massiveness  unusual 
in  any  atyle,  and  much  of  its  detail  is  admirably  designed  and  executed 


I30  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

although  the  mechanical  equipment  of  its  builders  must  have  been 
exceedingly  limited  ;  and  we  find  the  same  chaste  elegance  appearing  in 
a  simple  window  grill  as  in  the  long  arcade  of  the  cloister. 

The  style  is  not  easily  adapted  to  modern  uses,  and  requires  a  master 
designer  to  preserve  breadth  and  proportion  without  sacrificing  sunlight, 
ventilation  and  convenience.  Under  favorable  conditions  ?uch  good 
results  have  been  secured  as  to  endanger  its  better  development  by 
making  it  the  '  *  fad  "  —  for  there  is  no  surer  way  to  handicap  art  than  to 
cheapen  it  ;  and  plastered  frame  houses  of  semi-ecclesiastical  appear- 
ance, with  massive-looking  arched  verandas  and  pitifully  meagre  wall- 
reveals,  are  becoming  all  too  common.  Sooner  or  later,  we  shall  learn 
that  in  any  serious  attempt  at  architecture,  wood,  plaster  and  staff  are 
poor  substitutes  for  stone,  brick  and  terra-cotta. 

The  California  adobe  house  possesses  some  of  the  characteristics  of  the 
Missions,  and  as  an  example  of  its  architectural  possibilities,  I  reproduce 
a  sketch  (made  at  the  suggestion  of  the  Director  of  the  Loan  Association) 
of  the  Camulos  ranch  house,  enriched  with  the  tiled  roofs  and  arched 
veranda.  It  is  impracticable  to  return  to  adobe  construction,  but  the 
samie  effects  may  be  obtained  in  brick  and  stucco. 

For  city  buildings,  the  Spanish-Moresque  furnishes  better  models  than 
the  Mission  type,  which  demands  ample  ground-room. 

By  the  kindness  of  Miss  Dreer  of  Pasadena  I  am  enabled  to  reproduce 
an  example  of  Algerian  architecture,  photographed  by  her,  which  is 
admirably  adapted  to  our  climate  and  use.  High-class  types  of  the 
Venetian,  the  Mission,  and  that  noble  Moorish  masterpiece,  the  Alhambra, 
are  also  shown. 

A  common  but  mistaken  idea  is  that  architectural  excellence  is 
always  costly.  Extreme  cheapness  and  art  are  ever  at  variance,  but 
lavish  expenditure  of  money  alone  can  never  purchase  art ;  and  often 
the  simple  cottage,  designed  by  the  skilled  architect,  is  infinitely  better 
than  the  costly  mansion  in  which  noble  materials  have  been  degraded. 

The  patio,  solarium-bathroom,  and  roof  garden  should  be  given  their 
rightful  consideration  in  the  planning  of  our  dwellings  ;  not"alone  for 
the  beautiful  architectural  effects  to  be  thereby  gained,  but  because  of 
the  added  comfort  and  health  their  use  would  bring,  especially  to 
mothers,  young  children  and  the  aged  and  invalid. 

In  the  ornamentation  of  public  and  private  grounds  the  imposing 
entrance  and  the  terrace,  now  so  much  fallen  into  disuse,  should  be 
restored  to  their  ancient  importance  ;  for  nothing  can  better  give  that 
air  of  permanence  and  dignity  so  essential  to  good  architecture.  If  the 
plans  for  the  restoration  of  the  "  Camino  Real  "  are  put  into  execution, 
opportunities  will  be  given,  not  often  vouchsafed  modern  architects,  for 
memorial  architecture  to  mark  its  historic  sections,  and  help  to  preserve 
the  memory  of  that  picturesque  past  whose  value  may  not  be  lightly 
weighed  in  this  new  America  where  localities  with  a  history  are  so  com- 
paratively few. 

With  climate,  natural  resources,  and  historical  associations  so  favor- 
able, nothing  bars  our  progress  toward  a  noble  architecture  if  we  will 
give  its  study  ^nd  practice  the  attention  their  importance  demands. 

It)^  Apgeles. 


131 


I 


Under  the  Copper  Sky. 

A     STORY    OF    THE    MOJAVE. 

BY    LILLIAN    CORBETT   BARNES. 

S  God  vouchsafes  to  some  parts  of  the  earth  carpets 
of  brilliant  flowers,  so  to  one  landscape,  from 
horizon-line  to  horizon-line,  He  has  granted  only  a 
solitary  red  geranium.  Honorine  planted  that.  She 
[^^||\«^,||  is  dead  now,  but  the  shrub  still  flourishes  —  an  in- 
n'^Mt*MAm*^4  describable  glint  of  color  in  a  world  of  volcanic 
rock,  heaped  into  inconsequent  hills,  powdered  into 
fine  sand.  Honorine  lies  buried  under  the  sand  ; 
Dirk's  cabin  rests  upon  it.  He  cannot  tell  when 
some  driving  fury  of  wind  may  lay  bare  her  body, 
or  overwhelm  his  cabin.  Such  are  the  chances  of 
death  and  life.  By  day,  the  sun  shines  ;  by  night,  the  coyotes  call.  They 
are  used  to  the  sun  and  the  coyotes  —  Honorine  and  Dirk.  She  does  not 
waken  ;  nor  does  he  fail  to  sleep.  He  sleeps  at  noon,  when  the  sun  is 
fiercest ;  he  sleeps  by  night,  when  a  chill  penetrates  the  marrow.  For 
the  rest,  he  works  among  the  rocks.  He  has  hidden  —  somewhere,  that 
is  his  secret,  you  would  shrink  from  scooping  out  the  earth  from  that 
hiding-place  —  a  growing  pile  of  yellow  stones.  Honorine  used  to  pass 
them  through  her  fingers.  "Pretty  soon  we  will  be  rich.  Dirk?  Rich 
enough  to  go  away  ?  "  But  she  liked  the  red  geranium  best.  "When 
it  gets  big  enough,  I  will  cut  slips  and  plant  a  little  row,"  she  would 
explain.  Dirk  used  to  work  for  her.  He  works  still,  because  it  is  a 
habit.  Sometimes  he  seems  to  himself  to  be  all  men  —  mankind  — 
working,  working,  working,  because  it  is  a  habit.  Then  he  wonders  why 
he  works.  He  used  to  sit  with  Honorine  on  the  bench  by  the  door  and 
watch  the  stars  come  out  :  "When  we  get  our  home  over  yonder" — she 
would  nod  toward  the  western  mountains,  lit  by  the  gold  of  the  setting 
sun  —  "we  will  have  flowers  in  the  yard.  Don't  you  think  we  can  have 
flowers,  Dirk?  Everybody  has  them  there,  I  reckon.  Geraniums  and — 
other  flowers." 

"  We'll  have  all  the  flowers  there  are,  little  woman,"  Dirk  used  to 
answer,  "and  a  yard  big  enough  to  plant  them  in,  and  a  house  big 
enough  for  the  yard,  and  pictures,  and  curtains,  and  brass  bedsteads, 
and  — ice- water  in  a  silver  pitcher  !  " 

She  laughed.  "And  humming-birds  on  a  golden  plate!  Oh,  Dirk, 
how  long  do  you  reckon  it'll  be  before  we  get  it?  " 

"Oh,  a  little  while  —  who  can  tell?  Perhaps  I'll  strike  it  rich 
tomorrow  !  " 

"Couldn't  we  go  now  —  to  a  little  home  and  a  little  yard  ?  " 
"You're  to  be  first  lady  there  —  wait  a  bit!     Besides,"  he  added,  his 
brow  lowering,  "when  Dirk  Halsted  goes  back  into  civilization,  not  a 
man  of  them  shall  sneer  that  he  comes  creeping  like  a  beggar  —  he'll  be 
at  the  top  of  the  heap  again,  by  God  !  " 

She  drew  closer  to  him.      "It's 'again'   with  you.  Dirk;  it's  'first' 


^32  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

with  me,  and  somehow,"  her  voice  broke  a  little,  "  I  don't  care  about 
it  —  much.     I  just  like  to  be  where  you  are,  down  or  up." 

He  picked  her  up  on  his  knee,  at  that,  and  drew  her  head  against  his 
shoulder.  "  You're  sure  to  be  there,  compadre,  so  long  as  you'll  take 
pot-luck  with  Dirk." 

"There  wasn't  much  in  the  pot  today,  and  there's  only /rijoles  for 
tomorrow,  unless  Sheeney's  wagon  comes  along.  It's  his  day,  two  weeks 
tomorrow.  Sometimes  he's  late.  And,  oh  — Dirk,  the  olla's  empty," 
she  went  on,  sleepily,  **  and  there  wasn't  water  enough  in  the  spring  to 
fill  it — not  unless  you  waited  ten  thousand  years.  It  just  came  in 
driblets." 

"  Not  water  enough?  "  he  repeated  stupidly. 

"No,  Dirk;  but  it  got  'way  low  down  once  before.  I  forgot  to  tell 
you.  It'll  come  back,  though,  as  it  did  the  other  time.  It's  just  gone 
on  a  little  vacation  ! " 

He  slipped  her  gently  from  his  knee  and  went  hastily  around  the  cabin. 
She  remained  on  the  bench,  singing  to  herself: 

"  Take  me  back,  take  me  back,  where  the  sweet  magnolia-trees 
Wave  their  bright,  snowy  blossoms— 

"  Come  back  soon,  honey  dear;  never  mind  the  old  water.  There's 
enough  in  the  little  tinaja  for  a  drink." 

"  I'll  just  take  a  look  at  it,  comrade.     I'll  be  back  in  a  minute." 

"  Wave  their  bright,  snowy  blossoms  in  the  merry,  laughing  breeze  "— 

Her  voice  sounded  fainter  as  he  climbed  the  ravine.  The  spring  had 
gone  dry. 

He  came  slowly  back,  sat  down  on  the  bench  and  put  his  arm  around 
her.  "  Rinita,  would  you  mind  staying  alone  tonight  ?  I  want  to  go 
over  and  have  a  look  at  Gurnsey's  spring.     Nobody  will  hurt  you  here." 

"Why,  Dirk?"  She  lifted  her  half-frightened  eyes  to  his  face. 
"  What's  the  matter?  You  don't  think  there's  anything  really  wrong 
with  the  spring?  " 

"No  dear,"  he  lied  unhesitatingly  —  for  why  should  she  keep  awake 
worrying  all  night,  woman's  way  ? —  "I  guess  they're  getting  our  water 
down  at  Gurnsey's.     I'll  just  step  over  and  see.'^ 

"  But  why  don't  you  wait  till  morning?  " 

"  Oh,  in  a  matter  of  this  sort,  it's  best  to  have  it  out  at  once,"  he 
answered  lightly,  "  and  if  I  were  you,  Rinita,  I  wouldn't  use  that  water 
in  the  tinaja  except  to  drink,  and — yes,  suppose  you  come  on  in 
Sheeney's  cart  to  meet  me." 

The  trail  to  Gurnsey's  didn't  amount  to  much  in  the  best  of  light,  but 
it  was  all  the  trail  there  was.  Dirk  had  to  foot  it  over,  but  he  would 
come  back  with  a' team  and  take  Honorine  away.  He  would  probably 
have  to  go  on  beyond  Gurnsey's  to  get  the  team,  and  it  would  take  him 
longer  than  he  liked  to  think.  Well,  there  was  no  help  for  it !  The 
spring  might  be  dry  for  weeks,  might  be  dry  forever.  He  cursed  his  luck 
at  the  reflection.  It  wasn't  the  land  he  cared  for —  the  land  might  go  to 
the  devil,  once  he  had  rounded  out  that  yellow  pile  !    He  stumbled  faster 


UNDER    THE    COPPER    SKY.  I33 

through  the  sand,  as  if  haste  could  help  or  hinder.  He  walked  all  night, 
except  for  the  black  hour  just  before  dawn.  There  was  no  use  trying  to 
follow  the  trail  then.  At  the  first  gleam  of  light  he  ate  his  biscuit  and 
started  on  again.  "  Guess  nobody  has  traveled  this  road  lately,"  he  said 
to  himself,  "and  that's  queer,  too.  I  ought  to  be  on  the  main  line  by 
this." 

In  a  little  while  there  wasn't  any  road  at  all  to  speak  of,  but  he  did 
not  notice  it  at  first.  The  desert  is  all  pretty  much  alike,  and  the  desert 
roads  are  pretty  much  like  the  desert.  But  by  and  by  he  stood  still 
and  looked  about  him.  Then  he  turned  back  on  his  tracks.  He  didn't 
say  anything  now ;  he  studied  the  ground,  he  stared  at  the  sun.  He 
stopped  and  went  on  again.  He  was  getting  hungry,  he  was  getting 
faint.  He  sat  down  on  a  rock  and  hid  his  face  in  his  arms  to  keep  out 
the  sun  and  the  sand.  For  the  sand  was  blowing.  There  was  a  wind. 
Just  a  wind,  blowing  things,  without  a  cloud  in  the  sky.  Sunshine  and 
wind  and  blowing  sand,  that  was  all.  Then  he  lost  the  way  altogether. 
He  walked  by  guess  after  that.  He  walked  five  days.  Sometimes  he 
crawled,  sometimes  he  fell  flat  on  his  face  and  lay  still,  sometimes  he  ran 
a  little  way.  There  were  cacti  in  the  sand.  The  cacti  had  fruit,  and  he 
ate  the  fruit.  On  the  fifth  day  he  found  water  in  some  rocks.  He  shot 
a  bird  there,  too,  and  ate  it  raw.  It  was  tough  work  coming  away  from 
that  water,  and  he  tried  to  carry  some  of  it  with  him  in  his  coat.  There 
were  five  days  more  —  ten  days  in  all.  He  went  out  of  his  mind  again, 
and  then  the  chill  at  night  would  bring  him  to  himself,  after  the  fashion 
of  intermittent  Chinese  torture.  It  is  singular  how  much  of  it  a  man 
can  stand.  On  the  tenth  day  he  crawled  over  some  more  rocks  and 
rounded  his  circle.  He  was  back  by  his  cabin  agam.  He  crawled  to 
the  spring.  Its  little  vacation  was  over — it  lay  there,  cool  and  gray 
and  shining. 

By  and  by  he  managed  to  stagger  into  the  house.  He  found  some 
meal  there  and  ate  it —  raw.  Then  he  made  a  fire  and  cooked  the  rest. 
There  were  beans,  too,  and  he  cooked  them.  And  all  the  time  he  kept 
drinking  the  water.  He  lay  and  stared  at  the  water  and  dipped  his 
fingers  in  it  and  played  with  it.  And  all  the  time  his  senses  were  coming 
and  going.  He  roused  up,  he  dropped  off.  It  wasn't  a  sleep.  It  was 
something  different.  It  lasted  all  day,  and  all  night,  and  another  day, 
and  another  night.  Then  he  remembered  that  Honorine  had  gone  away 
with  Sheeney  in  his  cart.  He  wondered  whether  she  had  been  looking 
for  him.  Well  —  he  would  take  the  road  again  —  ^o  over  to  Gurnsey 's 
and  fetch  Honorine  home.     But  by  daylight,  this  time. 

It  was  slow  work  —  walking;  he  wasn't  very  strong,  and  he  carried 
food  and  water,  too.  The  trail  was  plain  enough  by  daylight ;  he  could 
see  it  a  long  way  ahead.  There  wasn't  much  to  break  the  monotony, 
and  he  noticed  every  little  thing.  He  noticed  a  heap  on  the  sand  long 
before  he  got  to  it.  It  didn't  look  like  much  of  anything  at  first,  but  his 
eyes  drew  to  it,  and  little  by  little  it  began  to  take  a  shape.  He  didn't 
go  mad  just  then  ;  he  hadn't  got  to  it  —  (juite.  He  didn't  go  mad  till  he 
bent  over  it.  It  wasn't  much  like  anything,  even  then.  But  it  had  been 
a  woman.     And  it  had  died  of  thirst.     And  the  sun  had  shone  upon  it. 

Gurnsey '8  men  helped  him  get  it  back  to  the  cabin.  They  buried  it 
in  the  sand.  While  they  were  burying  it,  Sheeney's  wagon  came  along 
—  twelve  days  late.     It  had  been  on  a  little  vacation,  too. 


134 


Some  Mexican  Sweets.* 

BY  LINDA    BELL   COLSON. 

E  always  spoke  of  her  as  the  Seiiora  of  the  Confec- 
'^Mf  ^' 'AViSM\3l^       t^^^^^ — though  we  became  quite  friendly  during 
l^A^VIiSS^TW        ^^^  ^^^^  ^^  Quer^taro,  it  was  not  until  we  were  bid- 
ding her  adios  for  the  last  time  that  we  learned  her 
real  name. 

Quer^taro  is  almost  as  famous  for  its  sweets  as 
for  its  opals  ;  and  the  seiiora's  little  shop  —  called 
El  Pavo  Real,  the  Royal  Peacock  —  was  to  us  the 
most  attractive  in  the  city.  It  faced  the  principal 
plaza,  with  the  tall  ash  trees,  the  broad  shady 
paths,  the  quaint  old  stone  seats,  the  softly  playing 
fountain  and  the  sweet  scent  of  oleander  and  orange  blossoms. 

Nearly  every  afternoon  when  the  city  had  wakened  from  its  noonday 
siesta  and  the  shops  were  open  again  with  their  owners  refreshed  and 
alert,  Agnes  and  I  used  to  stroll  across  the  plaza  to  visit  the  Pavo  Real. 
Whether  we  came  to  buy  or  to  chat,  the  senora  always  received  us  gra- 
ciously. She  was  a  plump  little  woman  with  dark,  inscrutable  eyes, 
smooth,  shining  braids  of  black  hair  and  a  charming  dignity  of  manner. 
She  always  shook  hands  with  us  and  patted  us  on  the  shoulder,  Mexican 
fashion,  when  we  entered  the  shop  ;  and  seemed  pleased  to  have  us 
prowl  about  behind  the  counters. 

Agnes  and  I  were  anxious  to  see  for  ourselves  in  what  fashion  these 
dainty  Mexican  dulces  were  manufactured  ;  and  when  in  very  halting 
Spanish  we  confided  our  wish  to  the  senora,  she  said  in  her  pretty,  digni- 
fied way,  ''With  much  pleasure,  senoritas,  I  will  take  you  to  my  house. 
It  is  at  your  orders.  Consider  it  yours. ' '  And  so  it  happened  that  the  next 
afternoon  the  Pavo  Real  was  left  in  charge  of  the  husband  and  we  were 
following  the  seiiora  across  the  plaza  and  down  a  narrow  street  lined  on 
each  side  with  flat-roofed,  one-storied  adobe  houses.  The  road  and 
sidewalks  were  paved  with  cobblestones,  rough  and  uneven  and  worn 
away  altogether  in  many  places  by  the  tread  of  centuries  ;  but  the  senora 
tripped  as  daintily  over  them  in  her  high-heeled]  slippers  as  if  walk- 
ing on  the  smoothest  asphalt.  Her  head  was  bare  and  her  tidy  braids  of 
shining  hair  flashed  back  the  sunlight,  but  she  wore  across  her  shoulders 
the  black  rehozo  without  which  no  self-respecting  Mexican  of  her  class 
is  ever  seen  on  the  street. 

In  a  few  minutes  we  stopped  at  the  seiiora's  house,  and  were  admitted  to 
a  narrow,  paved  patio  where  gay  flowers  were  growing  in  graceful  red 
earthen  jars  wherever  there  was  a  nook  for  them  ;  a  tall  banana  tree 
swayed  in  one  corner,  and  numberless  bird-cages  hung  on  the  walls,  their 
bright-plumaged  occupants  trilling  forth  their  joy  in  life.  Above, 
the  strip  of  sky  defined  by  the  white  lines  of  the  flat  roof  was  dazzling 
blue.  The  living-rooms  opened  off"  this  patio,  and  the  seiiora  led  us  with 
a  proud  little  air  into  the  small  drawing  room  with  its  pretty,  tiled  floor, 

*  See  also  "  Mexican  Recipes  "  by  the  same  author,  in  the  November  number. 


SOME   MEXICAN    SWEETS.  I35 

the  cane  sofa  with  a  rug  before  it,  and  the  stiff  rows  of  little  cane  chairs 
to  be  found  in  every  typical  Mexican  drawing  room.  But  in  addition 
there  was  a  small  centre  table  containing  a  great,  glass-covered  bunch  of 
wax  flowers,  many  pictures  of  saints  and  bits  of  fancy  work  scattered 
about.  From  the  parlor  we  followed  the  seiiora  through  the  paiio  into  a 
little,  tiled  room  at  the  end  where  we  could  watch  the  candy -making. 
She  sat  down  at  a  table,  after  having  provided  us  with  seats,  and  began 
leisurely  grating  a  big  cocoanut,  while  her  children  —  four  black-eyed 
little  maids — came  up  and  gravely  put  out  their  little  brown  hands 
for  us  to  shake.  Through  the  open  door  out  in  a  tiny  bricked  courtyard, 
which  served  as  a  kitchen,  we  could  see  the  candy  simmering  away  in  a 
huge  brass  kettle,  over  a  charcoal  fire  on  the  big  brasero  built  against  the 
wall.  A  swarthy,  black-eyed  Indian  boy,  attired  in  scanty  white  cotton 
garments,  was  industriously  stirring  the  tniel  or  syrup  with  a  huge 
wooden  spoon. 

So  the  drowsy  April  afternoon  wore  on.  The  Indian  boy  stirred  un- 
ceasingly, and  the  seiiora  patiently  and  slowly  grated  away  at  her  cocoa- 
nut.  It  was  a  lengthy  process  but  she  worked  without  flurry  or  hurry, 
as  she  explained  in  her  pretty,  slow  Spanish,  which  we  found  quite  easy  to 
follow,  how  many  of  the  simplest  of  her  sweets  were  made,  and  with 
what  little  trouble  we  could  make  them  when  we  went  to  "our  country." 
A  criada  (maid-servant)  in  a  crisp,  cotton  dress,  with  a  blue  rebozo  dang- 
ling from  one  shoulder,  was  sitting  in  the  doorway  leisurely  rubbing 
g^een  limes  with  pumice  stone,  and,  as  the  bitter,  green  coloring  was  re- 
moved, dropping  them  into  a  basket. 

At  last  the  Indian  boy,  with  a  broad  smile  and  a  flash  of  dazzlingly 
white  teeth  announced  that  the  syrup  was  ready.  The  grated  cocoanut 
was  added  to  it,  and  after  a  patient  stirring  by  the  criada  the  candy  was 
ready  to  be  poured  into  the  primitive  mould  of  four  sticks  tied  together 
upon  a  small  table  which  they  just  fitted.  The  table  itself  was  covered 
with  thin,  flour  wafers.  The  candy  was  poured  over  these,  sprinkled  on 
top  with  red  sugar,  and  left  to  cool  until  the  next  day  when  it  would 
be  cut  up  into  small  squares  and  sold  in  the  Pavo  Real  for  a  centavo  a 
piece. 

The  senora's  recipe  for  this  candy  was  : 

To  one  pint  of  water  add  one  pint  white  sugar  and  let  it  boil  to  a  thick  syrup. 
(The  seiiora's  way  of  telling  when  it  was  sufficiently  boiled,  was  to  dip  her  finger  first 
in  water,  than  in  the  syrup  ;  and  if  threads  hung  from  it,  the  syrup  was  done.)  Then 
stir  in  the  grated  cocoanut,  remove  from  the  fire,  and  continue  stiriug  slowly  until  it 
is  thick.    If  it  should  be  too  hard,  add  a  little  cold  water. 

Almond  Paste  — Six  pints  of  milk  sweetened  to  taste  ;  add  the  yolks  of  six  eggs, 
previously  beaten  with  a  little  milk  and  four  oz.  of  almonds  blanched  and  pounded  in 
a  mortar,  or  with  a  wooden  potato-masher.  [In  Mexico  they  are  of  course  ground  in 
the  ever  useful  metate.'\  Put  this  on  the  fire,  and  when  it  thickens  add  four  oz.  more  ol 
almonds  toasted  and  pounded.  Let  this  boil  up  three  times  and  it  is  done.  Turn  into 
a  plate  and  sprinkle  with  powdered  sugar.  The  next  day  put  it  in  the  oven,  until  it 
becomes  a  light  brown  color,  or  as  they  say  in  Mexico  until  it  is  "goldened." 

Walnut  Paste  — Dissolve  one  and  one-half  pounds  of  sugar  in  two  pints  of  milk, 
strain  and  mix  with  it  one-half  pound  of  walnuts  ground,  and  boil.  When  it  is  done, 
take  off  the  fire  and  stir  until  it  thickens. 


13$  LAND    or  SUNSHINE. 

Cajeta  de  Camotb  y  PiiJa— Clarify  one  and  one-half  pounds  of  sugar,  strain  and 
place  again  on  the  fire,  and  let  it  boil  until  when  you  let  it  fall  from  the  spoon  it  is 
clear  and  smooth  as  a  mirror.  Take  it  off  the  fire  and  add  two  pounds  of  cantote 
(sweet  potatoes)  which  have  been  boiled,  mashed,  and  pressed  through  a  sieve. 
Return  to  the  fire,  stir  constantly  so  that  it  will  not  stick,  and  when  you  can  see  the 
bottom  of  the  saucepan  add  one  quarter  of  a  pineapple  which  has  been  grated  on  a 
bread  grater,  and  strained.  Place  again  on  the  fire  until  you  can  see  bottom 
once  more,  and  it  is  done.  Serve  in  a  preserve  dish  and  eat  with  a  fork  or  spoon. 
This  makes  a  delicious  dessert,  and  is  well  worth  any  trouble  to  make. 

The  Mexicans  often  arrange  this  and  many  of  these  soft  sweets  in  pretty- 
little  wooden  boxes  they  have  for  the  purpose,  called  cascos  or  as  a 
Mexican  friend  translated  the  word  for  me  "lumber  plates." 

Instead  of  pineapples  I  have  used  apples  in  this  recipe  with  great 
success,  and  it  is  much  easier  made.  Peel ,  slice  and  core  one  and  one- 
half  pounds  of  apples,  stew  very  soft  and  add  to  the  mixture  in  place  of 
the  pineapple. 

Cajeta  de  IvEche— Take  six  pints  of  milk,  one  and  one-half  pounds  of  brown 
sugar,  and  a  tablespoon  of  flour.  First  clarify  the  sugar,  thaf.is,  beat'up  the  white 
of  one  egg  thoroughly  with  a  cup  of  cold  water,  and  add  this  to  the  sugar 
dissolved  with  one  of  water.  Heat  the  whole  mixture  until  a  scum  appears. 
Remove  from  the  fire  and  skim.  Repeat  until  no  scum  arises.  Then  put  three 
pints  of  the  milk,  the  clarified  sugar,  and  the  flour  (previously  mixed  with  a  little 
milk)  in  a  saucepan  on  the  fire.  Stir  it  constantly,  being  careful  not  to  remove  the 
spoon,  and  let  it  boil  until  you  can  see  the  bottom  of  the  saucepan.  Then  add  another 
one  and  one-half  pints  of  milk  and  repeat  the  operation;  lastly  add  the  remaining  one 
and  one-half  pints  of  milk  and  continue  to  stir  until  you  can  again  see  the  bottom 
of  the  saucepan. 

Two  things  of  importance  are,  to  stir  constantly  and  never  to  take  the  spoon  with 
which  you  are  stirring  it,  out  of  the  saucepan  until  you  remove  it  from  the  fire  ;  then 
continue  to  stir  briskly  until  it  is  thick.  Pour  on  a  plate,  let  it  cool  and  it  is  ready  to 
serve. 

Celaya  is  even  more  celebrated  for  its  sweets  than  is  Queretaro,  and 
the  trains  as  they  stop  at  the  station  are  besieged  by  eager  venders  in 
ragged,  cotton  clothes,  and  with  sandalled  feet,  demanding  at  first  big 
prices  for  their  neatly  arranged  boxes  of  the  famous  "  Cajeta  de  Celaya" 
but  gradually  cheapening  them  until  as  the  train  moves  away  they  run 
breathlessly  beside  it  holding  up  their  wares  to  the  Pullman  windows 
and  offering  them  for  anything  they  can  get.  The  Mexicans  prize  this 
sweet  very  highly.  I  must  confess  I  don't  care  for  the  taste  of  the  goat's 
milk.     However,  I  give  the  recipe. 

Cajeta  de  Celaya— Six  pints  of  cow's  milk,  three  pints  of  goat's  milk,  mix  and 
boil ;  allow  it  to  cool,  and  remove  the  cream  or  scum.  Burn  one  and  one-half  pounds 
sugar  and  then  stir  it  into  the  milk,  and  add  to  it  four  and  one-half  pounds  more  of 
sugar,  and  six  ounces  of  ground  rice.  Place  the  mixture  on  the  fire  and  let  it  boil 
until  it  is  thick.  One  can  tell  this,  if  when  one  takes  a  little  of  the  paste  in  a  spoon 
and  whirls  it  around  it  adheres  to  the  spoon.  Then  remove  from  the  fire  and  add  half 
a  pint  of  sherry,  stir  until  it  is  well  mixed,  and  pour  into  plates  or  pretty  dishes. 

Leche  de  Pina— Six  pints  of  milk,  the  yolks  of  six  eggs,  six  ounces  of  pounded 
almonds,  one  pineapple. 

Sweeten  the  milk  to  taste  and  beat  it  into  the  yolks;  strain  and  put  on  the  fire. 
When  it  has  boiled,  add  the  pounded  almonds  and  let  it  cook,  then  mix  in  the  pine- 
apple, previously  mashed,  and  boil  until  it  is  thick,  and  remove  from  the  fire.  It 
should  be  quite  thick,  but  not  enough  to  cut  into  squares,  and  must  also  be  eaten 
with  a  spoon  or  fork.    It  makes  a  dainty  dessert. 

San  Diego. 


137 


TO   CONSERVE    THE    MISSIONS 
AND     OTHER     HISTORIC 
LANDMARKS    OF     SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 


Directors  ; 


Frank  A.  Gibdon. 
Benry  W.  O'Melveny. 
J.  Adam. 
Sumner  P.  Hunt. 
Arthur  B.  Benton. 
Margaret  Collier  Graham. 
Chas.  F.  Lummis. 


.^    -.         «.        -  OFFICERS: 

President,  Chas.  r.  Lummis. 
Vice-President,  Margaret  Collier  Graham. 
Secretary,  Arthur  B.  Benton,  114  N.  Spring  St. 
Treasurer,  Frank  A.  Gibson,  Cashier  1st  Nat.  Bank. 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  M.  K.  Stilson. 

913  Kensington  Road,  Los  Angeles. 

ADVISORY  BOARD:      Jessie  Benton  Fremont,    Col.  H.  G.  Otis,    R.  Egan,    W.  C.  Patterson,    Adeline 
Stearns  Wing,    Geo.  H.  Bonebrake,    Tessa  L.  Kelso,    Don  Marcos  Forster,   Chas.  Cassat  Dayis,    Miss  M.  F.  Wills, 
C.  D.  WiUard,  John  F.   Francis,  Frank  J.  Polley,  Rev.  Wm.  J.Chichester,  Elmer  Wachtel. 
J  T.  Bertrand,  Official  Photographer. 

After  unavoidable  delays  the  Ivandmarks  Club  is  now  in  active  operation  and  meets 
generous  encouragement  from  every  quarter.  It  is  engaged  in  raising  money  to  be 
applied  at  once  to  the  missions  San  Juan  Capistrano  and  San  Luis  Rey.  At  San  Juan— 
in  many  ways  the  most  important  of  our  landmarks— the  Club  has  secured  a  lease  for 
a  term  of  years,  and  thus  will  be  able  to  carry  out  its  aims  in  the  most  satisfactory 
manner.  Work  there  will  be  under  the  direct  supervision  of  Mr.  R.  Egan,  whose 
personal  efforts  for  many  years  have  been  most  important  in  the  preservation  of  that 
mission.  The  lease  covers  all  the  buildings  which  are  in  need  of  care,  with  the  neces- 
sary ground  and  rights  of  way  ;  and  a  preference  to  the  Club  as  purchaser  in  case  the 
property  should  ever  be  tor  sale.  At  San  Luis  Rey  the  situation  is  no  less  gratifying. 
A  little  establishment  of  Franciscan  friars  is  now  in  possession,  and  Rev.  J.  J.  O'Keefe 
will  be  a  most  valuable  ally  in  the  Club's  work.  He  has  already  raised  and  expended 
many  thousands  of  dollars  in  repairing  the  great  church  ;  and  has  done  the  necessary 
work  to  make  a  habitable  temple  with  most  commendable  regard  to  the  claims  of 
antiquity.  Further  restoration  will  be  undertaken  in  consultation  with  the  architects 
of  the  Club,  and  on  the  old  lines  so  far  as  possible.  The  Club  counts  itself  extraordi- 
narily fortunate  in  having  present  on  the  ground  at  its  two  initial  points  of  endeavor 
two  such  competent  and  earnest  representatives  as  Judge  Egan  and  Rev.  O'Keefe.  It 
will  greatly  simplify  the  work  and  lessen  the  expense. 

When  the  most  vital  necessities  of  these  two  fine  ruins  shall  have  been  met,  the 
Club  will  take  up  the  other  landmarks  of  Southern  California  in  the  order  of  their 
importance.  Meantime  an  active  campaign  is  in  progress  for  the  crystalizatiou  of 
interest  and  the  raising  of  a  permanent  fund. 

Membership  in  the  Club  is  |i  per  year  ;  and  all  contributions  will  be  duly  acknowl- 
edged in  these  pages.  All  money.s  received  are  practically  net  to  the  cause.  Persons 
everywhere  who  are  interested  in  the  preservation  of  the  most  important  ruins  in  the 
United  States  are  invited  to  join  the  Club. 

The  following  contributions  are  acknowledged  :  Cash  :  John  F.  Francis,  |2o ;  Geo. 
H.  Bonebrake,  I5  ;  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  I5  ;  W.  D.  Woolwine,  $2.50  ;  |i  each,  J.  P.  A 
Patsch,  J.  V.  Wachtel,  W.  B.  Couts(Ocean8ide),  Dr.  T.  E.  Ellis (Escondido),  A.  B.  Benton, 
Jas.  Slauson,  Chas.  Howard  Shinn  (Niles),  Ludovic  Juan  Bremner  (7  W.  106th  St.,  N.  Y.), 
R.  Harris  (Riversidei,  Chas.  F.  Lummis,  C.  D.  Willard,  Sumner  P.  Hunt,  Mrs.  M.  E. 
Stilson.  Henry  W.  O'Melveny,  Dr.  J.  H.  Utiey,  Prof.  C.  G.  Baldwin  (Pomona  College). 
Frank  A.  Gibson,  Prof.  W.  R.  Dudley  (Stanford  University),  Frank  H.  Lamb  (Stanford 
University^ ;  Margaret  Collier  Graham,  J.  Adam,  Miss  Maud  Aver,  Chas.  B.  Bailev 
(Washington,  D.  C.)  ' 

Services  and  Material :  Chas.  Cassat  Davis,  attorney,  fio  ;  E.  K.  Foster,  printer,  |io  ; 
Alice  J  Stevens,  notary.  |i. 25;  Los  Angeles  Engraving  Co.,  I3  50 ;  Elmer  Wachtel, 
arlist,  I3,  D.  S.  Gri.swold,  electrotyper.  $1  ;  Gardner  &  Oliver,  stationers.  |i. 50  ;  Acme 
Stationery  Co.,  )i  ;  Kingsiey-Barnes  &  Neuuer  Co.,  printers,  |io  ;  R.  Egan,  |ao  ,  B.  R. 
Baumgardt  &  Co.,  printers,  I5. 


138 

The  California  Road-Runner, 


^' 


BY    BBRTHA    F.    HERRICK. 

•HIS  curious  and  interesting  wild 
bird  is  also  known  as  the  snake- 
killer,  the  racer  and  the  chapar- 
ral-cock.     Its  generic  name,  Geococcyx 
Cali/ornianuSy  signifying  ground-cuckoo 
of  California,  is  indicative  of  its  genus  ; 
but  ordinary  observers  often  class  it  with 
KS^'''^^"-'  the  pheasants,  as  it  possesses  some  of  the 

Drawn  by  Miss  Herrick  charactcristics  of  that  family. 

It  is  peculiar  to  the  Southwest  —  particularly  California,  Arizona,  and 
New  Mexico,  and  portions  of  Mexico,  where  it  is  known  by  the  Spanish 
as  the  "  Paisano,"*  or  the  "  Corredor  del  Camino." 

There  is  but  a  single  species  —  different  specimens,  however,  varying 
somewhat  in  size.  They  inhabit  low,  rolling  land  and  open  valleys  in 
isolated  parts  of  the  ranges  ;  and  though  comparatively  rare  and  very 
wary,  are  sometimes  seen  near  towns. 

They  derive  their  name  of  road-runner  from  their  singular  habit  of 
racing  along  country  highways,  when  disturbed  by  a  pedestrian  or  a 
passing  team  ;  and  such  is  their  strength  and  fieetness,  that  they  will 
keep  ahead  of  a  galloping  horse  for  a  short  distance  ;  after  which  they 
begin  to  tire. 

When  pursued  or  frightened,  they  take  refuge  in  the  shrubbery,  from 
which  it  is  difficult  to  drive  them.  Their  short  wings  are  inadequate 
for  sustained  flight ;  but  if  hard  pressed  they  can  and  will  fly. 

These  hermits  of  the  plains  are  never  accompanied  by  other  birds, 
even  of  their  own  species  ;  and  are  usually  completely  mute,  save  for 
the  occasional  utterance  of  a  rasping  sort  of  gurgle.  They  are  capable 
of  being  tamed,  but  usually  do  not  take  kindly  to  civilization. 

The  body  averages  a  foot  in  length,  and  the  tail  is  about  the  same 
measurement,  the  prevailing  shades  of  the  feathers  being  brownish 
grey,  mottled  with  white.  As  the  under  portions  are  of  an  unmixed 
dingy  ivory,  the  creature  has  the  strange  appearance  of  being  arrayed  in 
a  full-dress  evening  suit, —  the  impression  being  further  emphasized  by  the 
curious  pointed  crest  on  the  top  of  the  head,  which  produces  a  decidedly 
pompadour  effect  of  hair-dressing. 

The  long  bill,  somewhat  curved  at  the  tip,  the  small,  keen  eyes,  the 
muscular  legs  and  strong  feet,  are  all  of  great  service  in  capturing  its 
prey.  Snakes,  lizards,  grasshoppers,  and  small  birds  comprise  its 
favorite  bill-of-fare  ;  and  these  are  usually  consumed,  bones,  tails,  and 
feathers  as  well,  without  any  apparent  qualms  of  appetite.  Its  haunts 
are  often  betrayed  by  the  wing-cases  of  beetles  or  the  shells  of  snails, 
which  it  carries  to  its  nest,   in  order  to  devour  the  bodies  at  leisure. 

Oakland. 

•  '•  I'easant.  "      A    corruption  of  Faisan,    "  pheasant.  "      The   words  in   Spanish   are  as  uiistakable  a»   in 
English.— Ku. 


139 


k-WjajjiwJ 


IMTHE 

LION'S  DEN 


^.^^^^ 


Time  was  when  a  man  was  hanged  for  poaching  ;  later,  when  all 
he  might  be  for  murder.  But  standards  change  as  we  become 
more  civilized.  Nowadays  it  is  evident  (to  anyone  who  reads 
the  newspapers)  that  graver  sins  have  arisen.  It  has  become  a  crime  to 
be  a  minister  of  the  gospel ;  or  to  be  editor  of  a  periodical  which  faces 
mobs  instead  of  leading  them ;  or  to  be  anyone  who  thinks  before  he 
shouts.  And  most  damnable  of  all  to  be  a  college  professor.  There  is 
deep  and  growing  suspicion,  in  certain  quarters,  of  any  man  who  uses 
decent  English  and  obeys  the  law.  It  is  bad  enough  to  have  brains  ;  to 
have  proved  them,  is  simply  intolerable.  The  country  at  large  seems  to 
be  rising  to  the  patriotism  which  Tombstone  and  Yuba  Dam  forgot  some 
years  ago  ;  if  a  person  comes  along  in  a  plug  hat,  the  only  self-respecting 
thing  to  do  is  to  shoot  it  off  him. 

The  papers  have  not  yet  gone  to  war  over  Venezuela  —  and  no      the 
one  else  has  thought  of  going.      But  they   have   once  more  modern 

reminded  the  American  people  of  an  unforgotten  fact  —  that 
not  one  newspaper  in   the   United   States  was  ever   elected.     In  a  pre- 
sumptive government  of,  by  and  for  the  people,  the  bulk  of  power  is 
held  by  a  self-appointed  class.     In  South  America  these  would  be  called 
dictators  ;  in  North  America  they  are  called — in  private  by  several  titles. 

There  has  been  recently  a  vast  resurrection  of  Artennis  Ward's  willing- 
ness to  sacrifice  all  his  wife's  relations.  The  gentlemen  whose  "blood 
boils  for  purposes  of  publication  "  are  not  packing  to  go  to  the  front ; 
they  are  conscious  that  the  fellow  who  buys  papers  can  better  be  spared 
by  civilization  than  the  fellow  who  sells  them. 

No  one  has  accused  these  war-makers  (at  a  nickel  a  copy)  of  knowing 
anything  of  the  Monroe  doctrine  in  particular  or  South  America  in 
general.  Americans  have  fallen  more  or  less  into  the  habit  of  making 
up  their  own  minds  ;  and  many  of  them  do  not  confound  their  minds 
with  their  mouths.  There  is  a  growing  sentiment  that  a  very  good 
"Doctrine"  for  America  (whether  it's  Monroe  or  not)  is  to  be  manly, 
digniGed  and  not  a  rowdy.  There  is  no  danger  that  Americans  will  falter 
when  they  ought  to  fight ;  there  is  some  danger  that  some  people  born 
in  America  may  forget  that  a  grown  man  or  a  grown  nation  is  not  an 
ignorant,  quarrelsome  schoolboy.  But  the  danger  that  the  schoolboys 
will  run  the  thing  is  not  growing  more  imminent. 

There  are  Americans  who  can  appreciate  the  humor  of  saying  :  "  War 
is  wicked.  National  disputes  should  be  settled  by  arbitration.  Now 
arbitrate,  blank  your  eyes,  or  we'll  make  war  on  you  !  "     There  are  also 


MISERABLE 

SINNERS. 


>EOLUS. 


^4o  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

Americans  who  shut  their  mouths  on  things  they  know  nothing  about. 
And  there  are  a  good  many  of  them.  Which  is  why  such  a  remarkable 
hush  has  suddenly  invaded  the  editorial  columns. 

To  men  with  whom  "  patriotism  "  means  love  of  country  and  not  of 
self,  it  is  encouraging  to  see  that  every  journal  in  the  United  States  which 
in  a  sense  has  been  elected  (that  is,  which  has  won  public  confidence  by 
its  brains  and  honesty)  —  periodicals  like  the  Nation,  the  Outlook,  Life, 
Puck,  the  Argonaut  —  has  refused  to  make  a  spectacle  of  itself  in  this 
tempting  opportunity.  They  have  stood  for  the  kind  of  Americanism 
that  had  Washington  and  Lincoln  for  its  prophets  ;  the  kind  that  gives 
conscience  the  precedence  over  mouth ;  the  kind  that  is  not  afraid  of 
mobs,  nor  ashamed  to  be  sure  it  is  right  before  it  goes  ahead. 

There  was  never  before  so  swift  and  ghastly  a  flattening  out  as  among 
the  whoopers  who  three  weeks  ago  were  licking  Bngland  twice  a  day  at 
some  other  fellow's  expense  of  blood  and  money.  England  doubtless 
needs  a  walloping  —  all  conceited  nations  do.  But  we  are  not  going  to 
give  it  just  now  — nor  ever  in  a  cause  we  know  less  about  than  an  editor 
does  of  what  people  in  general  think  of  him.  A  warmed-over  pancake 
is  picturesque  beside  the  warriors  of  last  month.  "Some  had  silver  to 
sell,  and  some  had  newspapers  to  sell,  and  a  good  many  had  nothing  to 
sell  or  to  tax  or  to  lose,"  but  they  were  a  terrible  lot.  Today  the  wax 
seems  to  be  out  of  their  mustachios. 

Mr.    Charles   Dudley   Warner's  suggestive  article  in  this  num- 
•^^•^'^^  ber  of  the  Land  of  Sunshine:  may  well  set  such  folk  to  think- 

ing as  have  wherewith.  It  is  a  questioning  along  lines  which 
are  not  of  vague  concern  to  any  thoughtful  person.  That  Mr.  Warner 
does  not  supply  all  the  responses  to  his  catechism,  is  not  to  say  that  he 
leaves  the  outcome  at  all  hazy.  His  questions  very  largely  suggest  their 
own  answers  to  any  intelligent  person  not  wholly  innocent  of  history. 
It  is  as  reasonable  to  presumfe  that  the  Saxon  was  born  in  the  only  climate 
in  the  world  which  was  fit  for  him,  as  that  he  was  born  with  all  the 
environment  that  would  do  him  good.  Having  admitted  by  the  logic  of 
invention  that  his  original  cave-dwelling,  skin-wearing,  predatory,  un- 
newspapered  and  untelegraphed  condition  needed  improvement,  it  may 
very  well  be  that  he  shall  at  last  discover  that  he  also  made  a  mistake  in 
being  born  in  an  indecent  climate.  A  man  who  has  been  able  to  learn 
that  stage-coaches  are  faster  than  walking,  and  express-trains  than  stage- 
coaches, may  also  be  competent  to  see  that  climatic  comfort  and  health 
are  preferable  to  discomfort  and  tuberculosis.  In  other  words,  he  may 
come  to  pit  his  common  sense  and  inventive  talent  against  the  local  as 
well  as  the  circumstantial  accidents  of  birth.  He  has  managed  to  do 
very  well,  as  it  is  ;  but  if  this  is  due  to  his  cold-storage  climate,  then  pity 
is  that  he  was  not  born  at  the  North  Pole.  If  cold  has  made  him  so 
good,  enough  cold  would  have  made  him  perfect ;  and  by  the  time  he 
was  permanently  frozen  stiff  there  would  be  no  more  faults  in  him. 
Seriously,  it  must  be  a  pretty  self-contented  person  who  will  deny  that 
the  Saxon  has  succeeded  not  because  of  his  climate  but  in  spite  of  it. 
This  question  of  race  and  climate  is  not  to  be  boxed  in  a  paragraph. 


IN    THE   LION'S   DEN.  Hi 

The  question  is  one  to  which  thoughtful  people  must  begin  to  give  atten- 
tion. This  magazine  means,  in  its  small  way,  to  keep  the  text  on  the 
blackboard.  No  educated  man  nowadays  dares  discredit  evolution  — 
though  to  many  it  is  not  much  more  than  a  word  of  good  taste  in  the 
mouth.  Evolution  signifies  many  things.  One  is  that  every  living 
creature  is  very  much  the  handiwork  of  its  environment.  Of  environ- 
ment, physical  geography  and  climate  are  a  clear  majority.  It  may  be 
necessary  to  remind  primary  scholars,  but  not  grown  ones,  what  the 
contours  and  coast-line  of  Greece  had  to  say  in  the  development  of  the 
highest  national  intelligence  and  perhaps  the  most  extraordinary  national 
character  that  history  has  seen  ;  how  the  bolsones  of  the  Andes  and  the 
invention  of  a  pack-beast  diflferentiated  from  amid  a  host  of  savage  tribes 
the  most  marvelous  of  all  aborigines  ;  how  another  certain  stress  of 
climate  up  and  down  a  wide  gamut  of  geography  has  developed  the  most 
restless,  nervous  and  quarrelsome  race  in  the  world's  history. 

Mr.  Warner's  optimistic  conjecture  is  sound.  No  scientist  will  quarrel 
with  his  implied  belief  that  the  experirnent  in  Southern  California  will 
work  out  to  the  benefit  of  the  Saxon.  If  that  gentleman's  moral  con- 
stitution is  not  enough  fixed  to  withstand  maternal  love  from  Nature, 
then  the  sooner  the  better  he  should  assume  the  modesty  of  a  Man- 
supported-by-his-motherinlaw.  If  his  stamina  is  of  such  poor  sort  that  it 
will  spoil  if  not  kept  on  ice — then  it  isn't  quite  so  essential  to  the  world's 
development  as  he  is  inclined  to  deem  it. 

To  the  Lion  this  is  no  small  matter.  He  is  not  a  Southwesterner 
because  he  has  to  be,  but  because  he  chooses.  He  counts  it  the  most 
important  venture  his  Saxon  tribe  ever  made — this  trying-on  of  its  first 
comfortable  environment.  And  by  so  much  as  he  believes  in  evolution, 
he  believes  that  in  this  motherly  climate  the  race  now  foremost  in  the 
world  will  fairly  outstrip  itself  in  achievement ;  and  most  of  all  in  what 
is  best  of  all  —  the  joy  of  life. 

Mr.  H.  C.  Bunner,  editor  of  Puck  — and  one  of  the  voices       "  su 
least  noisy  yet  farthest  heard  amid  American  letters — writes  casa,  ^ 

the  Lion  that  he  is  coming  to  Southern  California  to  retrieve 
himself  after  a  long  and  serious  illness.  There  is  no  man  more  welcome 
to  God's  country  ;  and  none  to  whom  the  airs  of  Arcady  should  be 
kinder.  Every  lover  of  what  is  at  once  delicate  and  strong  in  our  liter- 
ature will  wish  Mr.  Bunner  the  very  best  that  recourse  to  a  genial  Nature 
can  give  him  —  and  will  wish  it  seriously  enough  not  to  crowd  him  while 
he  gets  well. 

Grace  EHery  Channing,  whose  book  of  short  stories,  Th^  Sister  of  a 
Saint,  takes  rank  with  the  worthiest  published  in  1895,  as  it  is 
mechanically  one  of  the  most  beautiful,  will  contribute  to  the  March 
Land  of  Sunshine  a  strong  short  story.  It  is  a  California  motif — the 
first  she  has  written  since  the  famous  Basket  of  Anita. 

Wilson's  Photographic  Magazine  vouches  that  Mr.  Wallihan's  photo- 
graphs of  Colorado  wild  animals  were  not  stuffed.  Neither  his  patrons. 
If  the  Lion  has  mounted  Mr.  Wallihan  unjustly,  it  is  proud  to  get  off  him. 


THAT 
WHICH  IS 


Of  what  was  once   the  American 

frontier,   and   is    still    called    so,    no 

writer  has  grasped  the  sharp,  generic  pic- 


RED 


v{6i>: 


MEN 


AND  WHITE." 


turesquenesses  with  firmer  hand  than  Owen  Wister. 
His  Western  color  is  quite  as  truthful  as  BretHarte's, 
who  had  a  much  better  chance  to  know  ;  and  he  lays  it  on  with 
less  technique  but  more  virility. 

Since  Kipling  — who  can  afford  to  be  cocksure  — it  has  been  a 
temptation  to  other  positive  young  men  to  be  as  undeniable.  There 
are  dangers  to  the  gunner  who  is  confident  of  winging  the  whole  planet- 
ary flock  with  his  first  barrel,  and  Mr.  Wister  often  misses;  but  after  all  it 
is  comforting  nowadays  to  find  a  man  who  is  right  and  isn't  afraid  to  be. 
While  Richard  Harding  Davis  knows  he  knows  — and  generally  doesn't, 
Mr.  Wister  knows  ke  knows  — and  generally  does.  Anyhow,  he  is  always 
interesting,  usually  deep,  sometimes  masterful.  I  count  "LaTinaja 
Bonita  "  the  strongest  Arizona  story  yet  written,  despite  its  minor  errors. 
Of  the  other  stories,  "Little  Big  Horn  Medicine,"  "The  Serenade  at 
Siskiyou,"  "Specimen  Jones,"  and  "  The  Second  Missouri  Compromise," 
are  splendid  work  —  the  first  a  wonderful  guess  straight  to  a  mark  Mr. 
Wister  could  not  possibly  know.  He  has  also  done  that  rare  thing  now- 
adays—  created  a  character  likely  to  endure.  Which  his  name  it  is 
"  Specimen  Jones." 

An  admirer  of  this  magnificently  confident,  graphic  and  really  observ- 
ant writer  may  wish  he  had  not  published  "  A  Pilgrim  on  the  Gila."  It 
is  good  writing  but  not  good  literature,  for  its  heart  is  unsound.  It  is 
too  like  the  flippant  superficiality  of  Davis  —  of  which  Mr.  Wister  should 
never  be  guilty.  It  would  be  one  thing  to  use  purely  as  local  color  in 
fiction  his  few  weeks'  knowledge  of  one  small  pencil-line  across  the  map 
of  Arizona  ;  but  he  has  not  stopped  within  that.  That  this  tale  is  being 
gravely  used  in  the  East  as  an  argument  against  the  admission  of  Arizona 
as  a  State,  has  its  literary  significance.  If  "  A  Pilgrim  on  the  Gila  "  is 
to  be  taken  as  a  report  on  the  condition  of  the  Territory,  it  does  not 
belong  in  a  book  of  short  stories  ;  if  it  is  assumed  to  be  fiction,  it  has  no 
business  to  be  vindictive.  In  either  case  it  has  no  right  to  be  wrong.  It 
reads  too  much  as  if  Mr.  Wister  were  paying  off  a  grudge  —  and  he  is  too 
manly  a  figure  to  afford  that.  Arizona  is  by  no  means  perfect,  but 
thoughtful  men  treat  history  and  society  comparatively.  The  Territory 
is  at  least  better  governed  and  better  entitled  to  full  American  rights  than 
New  York  is  ;  and  if  Mr.  Wister  had  waited  to  be  more  acquainted  he 
would  have  learned  that  it  has  many  men  as  honest  as  himself,  and  a  few 
as  wise.     Also  that  Tucson  isn't  Arizona  by  a  long  chalk. 


THAT   WHICH    IS    WRITTEN.  i43 

All  the  same,  I^ed  Men  and  White  is  a  very  notable  book  ;  with  enough 
thrill  and  vitality  to  fit  out  a  dozen  average  writers  —  and  more  depth 
than  most  of  them  will  ever  sound.     Harper  &  Bros.,  N.  Y.,  $1.50. 

It  warms  the  heart  (even  an  expert's)  in  these  days  of  rewarded    "the  story 
ignorance  and  books  under  false  pretences,  to  come  upon  a  vol-  ^^ 

ume  so  honestly  interesting  and  so   interestingly   honest  as 
George  Bird  Grinnell's  Story  of  the  Indian.     Some  publishers  are  still 
so  old-fashioned  as  not  to  deem  knowledge  of  his  subject  an  impertinence 
on  the  author's  part ;  some  even  prefer  not  to  make  more  ignorant  the 
reader  who  buys  their  books. 

To  begin  with,  Ripley  Hitchcock's  devising  of  the  Story  of  the  West 
Series  was  distinctly  a  happy  inspiration.  Though  no  popular  writer  but 
Theodore  Roosevelt  seems  well  to  have  realized  it,  the  winning  of  the 
West  was  the  key  to  our  completeness  and  lasting  as  a  nation  ;  and  the 
whole  fascinating  field  merits  intelligent  treatment  in  detail.  If  the  rest 
of  the  series  shall  "pan  out  "  as  well  as  this  opening  volume,  a  contri- 
bution of  serious  value  to  American  knowledge  will  have  been  made. 

Mr.  Grinnell,  whose  Pawnee  Hero  Tales,  Blackfoot  Lodge  Stories, 
and  other  work  had  already  given  him  rank,  was  an  excellent  choice  to 
write  the  story  of  the  Indian.  He  knows  the  aborigines,  having  not  only 
lived  among  them  and  studied  them,  but  also  understood  them.  This 
means  that  he  did  not  feel  that  superiority  to  Heaven  and  fact  which  is 
so  usual  a  furniture  of  travelers.  It  is  a  rare  student  who  can  say  at  the 
outset : 

"  he  who  .  .  .  understands  the  Indian  .  .  .  understands  that  the  red  man  is  a 
savage  and  has  savage  qualities,  yet  he  sees  also  that  the  most  impressive  character- 
istic of  the  Indian  is  his  humanity.  We  are  too  apt  to  forget  that  these  people  are 
human  like  ourselves  ;  that  they  are  fathers  and  mothers,  husbands  and  wives, 
brothers  and  sisters  ;  men  and  women  with  emotions  and  passions  like  our  own,  even 
though  these  feelings  are  not  well  regulated  ...  in  the  calm  channels  of  civilization." 

Starting  with  insight  of  this  great  basic  truth,  and  guided  by  actual 
knowledge,  ;Mr.  Grinnell  has  drawn  a  clear,  just  and  rather  comprehen- 
sive picture  of  the  Indian  ;  his  home,  recreations,  love,  religion,  war, 
hunting,  industries  and  environment.  It  is  a  book  every  thoughtful  man 
and  woman  will  be  wiser  and  better  for  reading ;  and  it  is  not  only 
instructive  but  admirably  interesting. 

Since  the  only  worth  of  a  critic  is  to  pick  the  flaws  which  show  how 
much  smarter  he  is  than  the  man  who  has  Done  something,  it  may  be 
said  that  Mr.  Grinnell's  picture  (and  the  book's  pictures)  are  rather  one- 
sidedly  of  the  Plains  Indians.  The  illustrations  are  of  too  much  mod- 
ernity ;  and  the  text  hardly  enough  recognizes  the  immense  field  of  more 
advanced  and  more  picturesque  Indian  groups  which  had  quite  as  much 
to  say  —  and  for  much  longer  —  in  American  history.  Also  that  one 
regrets  such  unscientific  occasional  lapses  as  talking  of  "the  Deity"  of 
any  unniissionaried  tribe,  or  of  any  aboriginal  "belief  in  the  immor- 
tality of  the  soul."  Having  thus  vindicated  himself,  the  critic  is  glad  to 
repeat  that  the  book  is  honest,  worthy  work,  and  a  great  credit  to  the 
author.     D.  Appleton  &  Co.,  N.  Y.,  I1.50. 


144  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

Current  Literature,  the  great  eclectic  monthly  which  so  well  skims 
the  cream  from  the  multitudinous  literary  milk-pan,  goes  on  improving 
upon  a  high  standard.  It  is  a  magazine  which  has  a  field  of  its  own,  and 
fills  it.  Nothing  else  quite  takes  its  place.  To  winnow  for  one's  self 
from  the  vast  current  strawpile  such  a  variety  of  sound  wheat  as  can  be 
had  by  simply  reading  this  one  monthly,  would  require  patience,  time, 
money  —  and  editorial  ability  —  several  times  more  than  the  average 
reader  can  spare.     52-54  Lafayette  Place,  N.  Y.     I3  a  year. 

A  very  good  book  "for  wee  bits  of  tykes"  is  The  Little  Boy  who 
Lived  on  the  Hill,  by  Annie  Laurie.  It  is  handsomely  published,  like 
everything  by  Doxey  ;  and  Swinnerton's  illustrations,  if  reminiscent  of 
a  school  blackboard,  are  liberal  and  effective.  The  stories  have  that 
unusual  knee-high  quality  which  stands  on  a  level  with  a  child's  ear  — 
an  attitude  which  many  more  famous  writers  for  children  are  unable  to 
attain  without  a  more  or  less  graceful  getting  on  their  hands  and  knees. 
Wm.  Doxey,  San  Francisco.     $1. 

There  is  no  better  family  weekly  anywhere  than  the  Outlook.  Sane, 
sound,  scholarly  and  interesting,  it  has  improved  even  upon  the  traditions 
of  the  Christian  Union,  which  it  succeeds.  It  has  just  taken  a  long  step 
forward  by  the  inception  of  a  monthly  illustrated  "  magazine  number  " — 
in  a  year  twelve  magazines  of  high  value,  besides  the  other  40  admirable 
Outlooks.  Ian  Maclaren's  first  novel  is  the  serial  for  1896.  13  Astor 
Place,  N.  Y.     $3  a  year. 

In  her  novel,  Beatrice  of  Bayou  Teche,  Alice  Ilgenfritz  Jones  has  drawn 
a  sympathetic  picture  of  the  better  side  of  the  ante-bellum  South.  The 
better  side,  with  slavery  in  its  rosiest  hue  ;  yet  she  has  made  it  even  more 
odious  than  those  who  write  of  the  slave-whip,  the  auction-block  and  the 
bloodhounds.  ''Beatrice,"  the  octoroon  heroine,  is  an  unusual  character 
and  an  interesting  and  rather  vivid  one.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago. 
I1.25. 

The  N.  Y.  Independent,  which  as  a  rule  gets  much  meat  into  small 
compass,  in  its  book  notices,  calls  Geo.  Meredith  "  the  most  elaborately 
feminine  man  in  English  literary  life."  His  Amazing  Marriage  it 
ranks  as  "a  crazy  structure  gorgeously  decorated,  in  which  dwell 
nympholepts,  aged  satyrs,  erotic  wives  and  foredoomed  maidens,  all 
moving  on  to  rainbow-hued  destruction  or  jaundiced  delight." 

It  would  be  less  than  fair  not  to  note  the  improvement  of  the  Philistine. 
One  may  not  yet  see  just  its  necessity,  but  it  is  certainly  growing  in 
interest  —  besides  remaining  one  of  the  best  bits  of  typography  current. 

The  New  York  Times  is  probably  the  promptest  newspaper  in  the 
United  States  in  matters  of  literature.  It  publishes  more  and  fuller  book 
reviews  than  any  other  daily,  and  is  among  the  most  competent  also. 

Fact  and  Fancy  is  a  pretty  brochure  of  creditable  thoughts  privately 
printed  in  San  Francisco  for  the  author,  Miss  Augusta  Reinstein. 


145 


rain  oi   Heaiis 


I 


San   Buenaventura. 

BY    CEO.     S.     WRIGHT. 

.HEN  that  brave  old 
founder  Junipero  Serra 
—  whose  almost  pro- 
phetic wisdom  in  choice  of  sites 
has  become  a  California  proverb 
— established  his  mission  of  San 
Buenaventura,  he  fully  main- 
tained his  average.  His 
selection  has  been  vindicated 
by  the  test  of  a  hundred  and  fourteen  years  ;  and  today  that  beautiful 
delta  wherein  the  Santa  Clara  valley  opens  to  the  sea  is  realizing  wonders 
that  even  the  faith  of  its  first  colonizer  never  dreamed. 

Now  on  the  Coast  Line  of  the  Southern  Pacific  R.R.,  75  miles  from  Los 
Angeles  and  about  30  from  Santa  Barbara,  is  a  thriving  seaport  town  of 
3000  people  ;  a  town  with  wide  streets  and  electric  lights,  with  sub- 
stantial business  blocks,  and  such  schools,  churches  and  homes  as  a  more 
pretentious  city  might  be  proud  of.  At  its  excellent  wharf,  coastwise 
schooners  are  constantly  discharging  cargoes  of  lumber,  or  taking  on 
return  cargoes  of  bags  of  beans  and  barley,  cases  of  honey,  or  Jumbo- 
sacks  of  wool  from  the  commodious  warehouses.  The  Pacific  Coast 
Steamship  Co.  finds  it  a  profitable  port ;  and  the  new  tank  steamer  of 
the  Union  Oil  Co.  fills  here  its  huge  compartments  with  crude  petroleum 
for  the  refinery  at  Rodeo,  near  San  Francisco. 

The  Santa  Barbara  Channel  —  whose  warm  current  has  much  to  say  in 
making  the  balmy  climate  of  which  the  dwellers  in  this  corner  of  "  Our 
Spain"  are  so  proud,  here  ends 
its  first  eastward  sweep.  Fifteen 
miles  seaward  loom  the  fantastic 
Anacapa  islands,  changing  with 
every  caprice  of  the  atmosphere. 
The  sea  view  is  magnificent. 
Back  of  town  are  the  command- 
ing mountains  ;  pierced  by  ro- 
mantic canons  whose  roads  wind 
beneath  groves  of  live-oak  and 
sycamore,  whose  trout-streams 
tumble  between  banks  ot  fern 
and  flower.  Eastward  stretch 
the  broad  acres  of  the  Santa 
Clara,  in  fruit  orchards,  in  fields 
of  beans  and  barley. 

San  Buenaventura  it  was  named 
when  Father  Serra  founded  the 
mission  in  1782  ;  and  San  Buena-    .  ^  „.      ^  „      .    «   . 

'  1,.  A.  Enf.  Co.  Photo,  by  Brewster,  Ventura. 

Ventura  is  the  official  name  of  the  on  the  road  to  the  ojai. 


SAN   BUENAVENTURA. 


147 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


town  (the'only  incorporated  one 
in  Ventura  county)  and  the  legal 
name  of  the  county-seat ;  but  to 
the  confusion  of  the  traveler  and 
soreness  of  them  that  love  the  old 
order  of  things,  the  railroad  and 
postal  autocrats  have  clipped  it  to 
plain  (and  almost  meaningless) 
Ventura.  But  call  it  as  you  will 
—  Ventura  with  the  vandals, 
"Santula"  with  the  Chinamen, 
Ventura-by-the-Sea  with  the  sum- 
mer-resort folk,  or  with  the  senti- 
mentalists cling  to  the  round, 
sonorous  old  San  Buenaventura, 
a  name  which  leaves  a  good  taste 
in  the  mouth  —  you  cannot  evade 
the  charm  of  this  blessed  little 
city  nestled  between  the  foothills  and  the  ocean.  No  name  better  fits  it 
than  the  one  it  was  christened  by,  which  signifies  "St.  Good  Fortune." 

The  old  mission,  though  it  has  lost  its  tile-roofed  quadrangle,  is  in 
excellent  preservation.  Between  the  mission  and  the  county  courthouse 
stand  two  of  the  oldest  and  tallest  date-palms  in  the  United  States.  An 
odd  sense  of  the  meeting  of  past  and  present  hangs  over  one,  in  walking 
from  these  old  landmarks  up  the  street,  along  a  carline,  in  the  heart  of  a 
modern  town  with  all  the  earmarks  of  1896. 

For  San  Buenaventura  is  prolific  as  well  as  picturesque.  The  bean 
crop  of  the  county  for  1895  was  worth  over  $1,000,000,  and  filled  2600 
freight-cars.  The  oil  district  produced  293,000  barrels  of  petroleum.  Nor 
are  all  the  county  eggs  in  these  two  baskets,  big  as  they  are.  The  ware- 
houses report  a  trifle  over  460,000  sacks  of  barley,  wheat  and  com  from 
the  harvest  of  '95  ;  and  the  honey  crop  was  counted  by  hundreds  of  tons. 
The  statistics  of  the  year  just  closed  show  that  it  required  over  100  cars 
to  move  the  deciduous  fruit  crop ;  200  cars  for  the  oranges,   20  for  the 


Photo,  by  Brewster,  Ventura. 
ON  OAK  STREET. 


L.  A.  Eag.  Co. 


A   BFAN   FIELD. 


Photo,  by  nrcwktcr,  Ventura. 


148  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 

lemons,  and  30  for  the  walnuts.  Also,  that  there  were  20,000  sacks  of 
potatoes  and  10,000  of  onions.  Flowers  are  grown  by  the  acre,  and  the 
seed  is  shipped  all  over  the  world. 

The  river  furnishes  power  for  the  flouring  mills  (capacity  10,000  barrels 
a  year),  for  the  electric  light  plant  and  the  manufacture  of  artificial  ice. 
There  is  also  a  movement  to  discard  the  present  "mule  motors  "  on  the 
street  railway  for  electricity,  to  be  generated  by  the  same  cheap  water- 
power. 


Union  Eng.  Co.  THE  MISSION  SAN   BUENAVENTURA. 

(Before  it  was  remodeled.) 

The  progress  of  San  Buenaventura  has  been  slow  but  sure.  The 
"  boom,"  which  came  in  with  the  railroad  in  '87,  was  mild  and  had  less 
serious  reaction  than  in  many  localities.  Now,  with  the  renewal  of  heavy 
petroleum  shipments  by  the  new  steamer  George  Loomis,  and  the  build- 
ing of  the  proposed  Ventura  &  Ojai  R.  R.,  which  will  give  easy  access  to 
the  unique  and  delightful  Ojai  valley  —  with  these  to  back  the  steady, 
sturdy  productiveness,  it  seems  certain  that  Ventura  county  and  its  head 
town  are  to  forge  rapidly  ahead. 


^' 


Winning  Its  Way. 

►HE  IvAND  OF  SUNSHINB  is  uot  Only  growing  at  home,  but  is 
making  unusually  rapid  conquest  of  the  East.  The  people  of 
the  Southwest  are  interested  in  their  magazine,  and  may  be  a 
little  proud  of  it.  People  in  the  East  are  interested  in  this  romantic 
field  ;  and  they  like,  also,  the  breezy  independence  of  the  Western  point 
of  view.  Subscriptions  are  coming  in  rapidly  from  all  over  the  United 
States,  from  Europe,  Mexico,  South  America  and  the  isles  of  the  sea. 

As  to  the  reception  the  critics  are  giving  this  young  magazine,  the 
following  extract  is  typical : 

"A  credit  to  California  in  general  and  to  Los  Angeles  in  particular,  and 
contains  the  elements  of  solid  success.  As  neat  and  artistic  a  magazine 
as  could  be  desired." — Pittsburg  Bulletin. 


Educational  Advantages. 


Y*^EW  communities  in  the  world  can  rank  with  Southern  California  in  respect  to 
T^  general  culture  and  facilities  for  education.  This  section  promises  to  become 
^  to  the  United  States  what  Greece  was  to  ancient  Europe.  Culture  in  the  new 
world  is  finding  its  ultimate  home  in  the  same  latitude  that  witnessed  its  greatest 
development  in  the  old.  This  state  of  affairs  is  largely  due  to  the  number  of  talented 
people  who  are  attracted  hither  by  our  balmy  climate. 

Besides  the  complete  system  of  public  schools,  private  schools  and  colleges 
abound  in  all  portions  of  Southern  California.  The  educational  and  social  facilities 
afforded  by  Southern  California  are,  in  the  widest  sense  of  the  word,  unsurpassed. 

As  an  example  of  the  thorough  manner  in  which  educational  facilities  have  been 
developed  in  Los  Angeles,  take,  for  instance,  an  institution  which  is  justly  celebrated 
all  over  the  Pacific  Coast,  and  in  its  peculiar  line  is  without  a  rival  —  the  Los  Angeles 

Business  College,  which 
recently  moved  into  new, 
handsomely  appointed  quar- 
ters, built  especially  for  its 
use,  in  the  Currier  Building, 
on  West  Third  Street,  where 
it  occupies  the  entire  fifth 
floor.  The  rooms  are  the 
finest  devoted  to  Business 
College  purposes  on  the 
Pacific  Coast. 


Partial  view  of  Main  Study  Hall.    Union  Eng  Co. 


At  this  institution  a 
thorough  course  of  study  is 
given,  preparatory  to  the 
work  of  life.  The  commer- 
cial course  is  divided  into 
theory  and  business  practice. 
In  the  theory  department 
the  pupil  is  thoroughly 
grounded  in  the  principles  ^^^ 
of  book-keeping,  legal 
papers,  penmanship,  commercial  arithmetic,  commercial  law,  correspondence,  etc. 
He  next  passes  to  the  business  practice  department,  which  is  a  most  interesting 
and  useful  course.  Here  the  actual  business  of  a  mercantile  establishment  is  carried 
out,  the  plan  being  so  complete  and  practical  in  all  its  details  that  any  young  man 
or  woman  who  successfully  passes  through  this  course  is  ready  to  hold  a  business 
position. 

Special  attention  is  paid  to  the  shorthand  and  typewriting  course,  which  is  a  very 
popular  one,  owing  to  the  large  demand  now  existing  for  stenographers.  Shorthand 
is  taught  by  two  of  the  best  instructors  on  the  Coast.  Commercial  correspondence, 
penmanship,  and  spelling  are  included  in  this  department. 

The  preparatory  course  was  designed  for  those  who  are  not  prepared  to  take  up 
the  regular  work  of  the  commercial  course.    There  is  a  well  patronized  course  iij 


A  Corner  of  the  Business  Office. 


telegraphy,  where  the   student  is  not  only 
instructed  in  receiving  and  sending  mes- 
sages, but  also  in  putting  up  and  regu- 
lating batteries,  lines,  instruments,  etc. 

A  valuable  feature  of  the  work 
of  the  College  is  the  night  school, 
which  is  in  session  the  greater  part  of 
the  year,  three  evenings  of  the  week. 
This  affords  an  excellent  opportunity 
to  those  who  cannot  spare  the  time 
during  the  day. 

Quite  a  number  of  students  are 
from  a  distance.  For  these,  arrange- 
ments are  made  to  secure  board  and 
lodging  at  reasonable  rates.  Parents 
may  always  rest  assured  that  the  best 

interests  of  their  children  will  be  looked  after  by  the  proprietors  of  the  college. 
Such  an  institution  as  this  reflects  credit  on  Los  Angeles  as  an  educational 
center.  The  proprietors  are  always  pleased  to  show  visitors  over  the  building  which 
is  planned  throughout  so  as  to  give  perfect  ventilation  and  good  light.  In  fact  one 
is  surprised  upon  entering  this  building  through  its  chaste  and  beautiful  vestibule,  at 
the  light  and  space,  the  comfort  and  conveniences  provided  for  the  occupants, 
its  wide  straight  halls,  large  rooms,  abundant  toilet  appointments,  wide  stairways, 
electric,  safe,  high-speed  elevator,  and  iron  stairs  in  rear  descending  to  the  ground 

for  fire  escapes. 

The  whole  showing  the  care,  fore- 
sight and  good  judgement  of  the 
owner  Mr.  A.  T.  Currier. 

The  exterior  of  this  building  is 
treated  in  pure  classic,  and  clearly 
expresses  refinement  and  culture. 
Every  detail  in  the  design  shows 
study  and  careful  consideration. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  this  pro- 
gressive school  has  in  the  facilities  of 
this  modern  structure  and  its  central 
location  added  greatly  to  the  many 
other  advantages  which  have  already 
brought  such  large  success  —  a  success 
indebted  to  neither  creed  nor  sect  nor 
state,  but  solely  to  its  good  work  in 
fitting  young  people  for  the  actual 
duties  of  life.  To  thus  fit  young 
people  for  usefulness,  requires  men  of 
education  and  ability.  The  faculty 
of  the  Los  Angeles  Business  College  is 
made  up  of  educators  of  extensive  ex- 
perience and  broad  scholastic  attain- 
ments. This  enables  them  to  give  full 
value  in  a  liberal  measure  to  all  young 
people  who  place  themselves  under 
S8    their  tuition. 


Exterior  of  Currier  Building, 
John  Parkinson,  Architect. 


Ontario. 

ITUATED  at  a  distance  of  35  miles  from  the  Pacific  ocean,  and  39 
miles  east  of  Los  Angeles,  on  the  main  line  of  both  the  Southern 
Pacific  and  Santa  F^  railways,  is  the  beautiful  town  of  Ontario. 
In  location,  climate,  soil,  and  water  privileges,  Ontario  has  many  ad- 
vantages—  fine  business  blocks,  electric  cars  and  lighting,  handsome 
churches  and  schools,  fine  residences,  surrounded  by  what  is  already 
becoming  a  great  forest  of  citrus  and  deciduous  orchards,  blocked  out 
by  splendid  shade  trees  —  such  is  Ontario  at  thirteen  years.  How  many 
Eastern  towns  twice  its  age  and  population  would  ever  dream  of  half 
its  progress?  The  elevation,  ranging  from  950  to  2500  feet,  insures  a 
most  healthful  and  agreeable  climate,  while  the  conditions  for  growing 
citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  cannot  be  excelled. 


YOUNG    ONTARIO   ORANGE  GROVE. 

For  the  past  two  years  Ontario  has  planted  more  orchard  lands  than 
any  other  district  in  Southern  California,  the  firm  of  Hanson  &  Co.  alone 
having  planted  over  1500  acres  to  the  various  kinds  of  citrus  and  decidu- 
ous fruits.  This  they  are  selling  in  10  or  20-acre  tracts,  at  prices  ranging 
from  $150  to  $400  per  acre,  according  to  location  of  lots  and  water  priv- 
ileges. These  prices  are  for  three-year-old  orchards.  The  streets  and 
avenues  are  planted  to  ornamental  and  shade  trees,  and  kept  in  good 
order.    There  are  some  beautiful  residences  now  on  their  tract. 

They  also  have  several  orchards  in  full  bearing  which  are  good  value, 
and  will  bear  investigation.  Anyone  desiring  further  information  should 
write  for  pamphlet  to  Hanson  &  Co.,  Ontario,  or  122  Pall  Mall,  London, 
England. 


Central  California 

and  the  Famous  Del  rionte     ^ 

fHB  great  majority  of  Easterners  who  visit  Southern  California  hold  transportation  tickets  read- 
ing to  San  Francisco,  and  from  thence  homeward  over  the  Ogden  or  Shasta  routes.  To  such  we 
would  beg  to  advise  that  they  give  themselves  ample  time  to  become  acquainted  with  some  ol 
the  world-famous  attractions  of  Central  California.  They  should  at  least  arrange  for  a  few  weeks' 
stay  at  the  celebrated  Hotel  Del  Monte,  Monterey,  "  The  Queen  of  American  Watering  Places." 

This  magnificent  establishment  is  situated  near  the  shore  line  of  Monterey  Bay,  in  one  of  the 
most  picturesque  and  naturally  beautiful  localities  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  It  was  founded  in  1880,  and 
in  its  comparatively  brief  career  may  be  credited  with  having  done  more  than  almost  any  other 
agency  to  acquaint  the  world  with  California's  natural  advantages.  Guests  from  every  corner  of  the 
earth  have  enjoyed  its  hospitality. 

This  hotel  is  both  a  summer  and  winter  resort  of  the  highest  order,  and  at  all  seasons  is  com- 
fortably filled,  a  happy  condition  rarely  the  boast  of  any  resort.  In  winter  it  becomes  the  delightful 
retreat  of  visitors  from  the  colder  States,  who  go  there  to  enjoy  its  luxurious  comforts  and  its  genial 
climate.  In  summer  it  is  more  conspicuous  as  a  resort  for  pleasure,  though  retaining  its  more  staid 
character  for  quiet  and  uninterrupted  comfort. 


.BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  HOTEL  DEL  MONTE. 


The  Hotel  is  situated  in  a  splendid  grove  of  giant  pines  and  oaks,  part  01  the  magnificentl}' 
wooded  seven-thousand-acre  park  entirely  devoted  to  the  enhancement  of  the  resort.  In  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  building  is  an  immense  flower  garden  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
acres,  the  marvelous  luxuriance  of  which  must  be  seen  to  be  properly  appreciated.  From  one  year's 
end  to  another  it  is  a  constant  dazzle  of  gorgeous  colors. 

Bathing,  boating,  fishing  and  hunting,  clubrooms,  billiard  parlors,  an  elegant  ballroom,  tenn^ 
courts,  croquet  grounds,  and  a  large  bath-house,  are  among  the  delightful  diversions,  all  free  to  tl 
guests.  The  finest  drives  in  America,  through  scenes  rich  in  picturesque  variety  and  historic  int< 
est,  may  be  included  in  the  never-ending  whirl  of  enjoyment. 

Novisitor  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  whether  business-bound,  health  or  pleasure-bound,  should  fail 
visit  Hotel  Del  Monte.  It  is  but  three  and  one-half  hours'  ride  from  San  Francisco  by  express  trai 
of  the  Southern  Pacific  Company. 


SECRETS  OF  OUR  PROSPERITY. 


RAILROADS  AND  SUNSHINE. 

A.  THORNE, 
American  Representative  London,  Chatham  &  Dover  Ry. 


^^^^■p^^^^^^p        As  a  confirmed  railroad  man,  the  opinion  would  be  natur- 
^P^^H|||^|K    ally  uppermost  in  my  mind  that  your  section  owes  a  great 
^^^^^^^^     deal  to  your  overland  lines  of  railway.      They  have  short- 
^dSL  ened  the  distance  to  Southern  California  thousands  of  miles 

■^wl^  and  made  it  possible  for  tourists  and  investors  to  visit  your 

V  ^  serai-tropic  land  with  every  chance  of  their  becoming  con- 

"\^  ^  \^  Y  *  verts   to    your    health-giving  sunshine   and   beautiful   sur- 

roundings.    I  am  in  love  with   Los  Angeles  and  all  the  rest 
of  California,  and  on  my  return  from  your  section  in  1893,  I 
brought  back  with  me  to  London  some  very  fine  oranges. 
The   wideawake,    enterprising  ways  of   your   people  argue 
much  for  a  country  where  there  are  so  many  pleasant  hours 
of  the  day  in  which  to  accomplish  ends.     Our  London  fogs  are  enough  to  dampen  the 
enthusiasm  of  any   one.      My  connections  here  throw  me  in   contact  with  many 
Americans  of  note,  and  I  entertain  a  great  deal.     I  find  them  one  and  all   much  in- 
terested in  Southern  California. 

IRRIGATION,  THE  MOST  POTENT  FACTOR. 


NATHAN  COLE,  JR. 
Pres't  South  Antelope  Valley  Irrigation  Co. 

To  a  land  which  averages  but  thirty  days  of  rain  a  year, 
irrigation  means  a  great  deal.  In  our  sunny  clime  it  ren- 
ders possible  the  greatest  returns  from  the  smallest  area, 
assuring  thickly  settled  rural  districts  with  all  the  advan- 
tages attendant  upon  such  conditions. 

Southern  California  is  now  entering  upon  the  second 
stage  of  her  irrigation  development.  The  supply  of  flowing 
water  in  this  section  is  practically  appropriated  and  largely 
in  use,  and  while  the  method  of  distribution  can  be  greatly 
improved,  the  hope  of  our  fair  country  lies  in  the  reclama- 
tion of  our  thousands  of  fertile  acres  by  developing  the 
hidden  supplies  of  water  and  storing  winter  floods.  The  drainage  of  gravel  beds 
and  cienegas  will  add  largely  to  our  present  supply,  but  if  the  untouched  empire  of 
Southern  California  is  brought  under  irrigation,  it  must  be  done  by  the  more  compre- 
hensive method  of  storage.  This  plan  solves  the  entire  problem  and  makes  it  a 
feasible  task  to  reclaim  every  foot  of  our  arable  land.  Those  grim  mountains  not 
only  afford  sites  for  reservoirs,  but  they  contain  the  drainage  area  for  the  accumula- 
tion of  water  which  during  our  rainy  season  escapes  to  the  ocean.  The  Bear  Valley, 
Sweetwater,  and  Hemet  reservoirs  are  successful  examples  of  this  work,  and]  the 
storage  prospects  at  Arrowhead  and  Palmdale  are  notable  enterprises  now  being  prose- 
cuted. But  this  great  work  of  storage  is  only  begun  and  the  most  sanguine  cannot 
picture  its  future.  I  would  unhesitatingly  venture  the  opinion  that  upon  the  storage 
of  winter  water  and  the  consequent  reclamation  of  our  rich  but  thirsty  lands  more 
than  anything  else,  depends  the  growth  and  prosperity  of  this  land  of  sunshine. 


EXTENSIVE  AND  SYSTEMATIC  ADVERTISING. 


$^ 


FRANK   RADER, 
Mayor  of  Los  Angeles. 

You  ask  me  for  my  opinion  as  to  the  secret  of   the  pros 
perity  enjoyed  by  Southern  California. 
This  is  a  bi^  question  for  a  busy  man  to  try  to  answer 


^^^^^  ^^^1  ion  is  one  of  the  greatest  secrets  of  success,  namely,  the 

■Hl^^  flHHI  extensive  and  systematic  manner  in  which  the  section  has 

been  advertised  in  the  Kast.     Nearly  every  copy  of  a  publi- 
cation of  the  character  of  your  magazine  eventually  finds  its  wa^  into  the  East. 
The  Republican  convention  would  have  been  of  great  benefit  to  this  entire  coast. 


During  the  trip  which  I  recently  made  through  the  country 
east  of  the  mountains  for  the  purpose  of  trying  to  induce 
the  Republican  convention  to  come  to  California,  I  found 
the  greatest  interest  manifested  everywhere  in  this  section. 
Almost  everyone  seemed  to  entertain  a  favorable  opinion 
of  Southern  California.     This  fact  suggests  what  in  my  opin- 

)t     8UCC( 


WITH    HIGHEST   HONORS 

A  SECOND   OF  T.    FOO  YUEN'S   EXCEPTIONAI,  CREDENTIALS   FROM   HIS    EASTERN 
HOME. —  SELECTED    FROM     A  THOUSAND    AS    THE    RECIPIENT   OF   ESPECIAL 
TOKENS     OF    ESTEEM     CONFERRED    BY    HIS    INSTRUCTORS    AND   BY   HIS 
MAJESTY,   THE   EMPEROR  OF    CHINA. —  DESERVED     ENCOMIUM    FOR 
HIS  SKILL,  ABILITY  AND  CONSCIENTIOUS  DEVOTION  TO  HIS  STUDIES 
A  SURE   FOUNDATION   FOR  MARKED  SUCCESS  IN  HIS  CHOSEN 
PROFESSION. — "PROFOUNDLY   SKILLFUL  IN  THE  PRIN- 
CIPLE OF  THE  PULSE   AND  THOROUGHLY  VERSED 
IN  THE   NATURE   OF  MEDICINE." 

4-/*  TRANSLATION. 


Joyous  Announcement: 


B 

oa 


_5^  ^  oO             4\  1.1-      ^^^  Majesty,  the  Emperor,  has   ap- 

"ail  M^  P            -'^  A3   pointed  His  Excellency,  the  Honorable 

'^  *  "^  >A        L,        J.    V*      -i-  "^l/v-  Fook,    Chief  Guardian  of    His    Roval 

^  J.         u  n  ^^     ^       *  /u    //f  HighBess,   the  Prince  Heir  Apparent, 

>|*       AV  "*  t  President  of  the  Board  of  Population 

I 'J  '"^  ycjfl                 "3"  >52B     ^  -4:1   and  Revenue,  member  of  Privy  Council, 

>        lE^  4-1  il'i        /-     ^    ^  ^15^  Dean  of  the  Imperial  Medical  College 

/  II        /fl  A-T  *        9                 -  Tl'^  and  Blood  Relative  to  his  Majesty. 

J-**"         ^  I  *>!?''    J|S-  His  Excellency  the  Honorable  Chung, 

-ft      'll  '^  iS**  «                      '     W     ^T*  Assistant  Magistrate  of  the  Left  Cham- 

-d  a       Ta-i  (^  Jci    r*^        p     oa        '  ber  in  the  Imperial  Medical    College, 

'^  l<i    <«;    "s#  Mandarin  of  the  Second  Degree  of  the 

3        i^5L  lite  Till              -^P    ^R    "T  Order  of  the  Peacock  Feather. 

/^  »^  /       >,         J    >V        ^  ^^^  Excellency,  the  Honorable  Chow, 

iM  J  irV    P^      r^  "fS       'B  Imperial  Commissioner  to  the  Imperial 

,5*        Ite  —  "^'fr-i^lif*  Medical  College. 

H*       i-7»  '  X.               ^      -^^      jH  -^^^  H^s  Excellency,  the  Honorable 

^  ;^  "^^    *Jt    J.     ^*  S<»    '"^^  Lee,  Assistant  Magistrate  of  the  Right 

»^  "aT  ifjL^5L^  fft  "«'    -^  Chamber  in  the  Imperial  College.  Man- 

rji^     >^^  ^  ,^          «|i  4*4            j-|  dann  of  the  Second  Degree  of  the  Order 

He  _-*  iC  Pf  p^  Jil  of  the  Peacock  Feather,  as  His  Majesty's 

'^  HU  |*5L  A  Imperial    Deputation    to    conduct    the 

■gl                      <:5.«  *|jfeX    ^Aw  special  grace  examination  in  the  Im- 

Ti                     i'\  jU  *•             T    '  ^   Jx    ^<-  perial  College,  who  have  conferred  upon 

14  -*^  ^            ^2-i              2  Tom  Foo  Yuen  a  First  Rank  of  the  First 


perial  College,  who  have  conferred  upon 

V,  Tom  Foo  Yuen  a  First  Rank  of  the  First 

"*  *  Degree  in  the  year  Ki  Chew  of  Cyclical 

Table,  or  in  the  15th  year  of  the  Reign 

^,  of  Kong  Sui  (1889). 

^  fj  /  And  therefore  they,  clothed  with  such 

-  *^    v-s^  authority,  have  passed  Tom  Foo  Yuen, 

according  to  official  record,  a  member  of 

A^  your  worthy  family,  with  highest  honors 

^■i.  and  have  conferred  upon  him  the  right 

y^  Ih  to  practice  before  His  Majesty  and  in 

the  Imperial  Medical  College. 

May  good  fortune  abide  with  him  upon 
his  way  to  the  highest  degree. 


We  presented  to  the  public  a  few  days  ago  a  fac-sitnile  and  a  translation  of  the 
diploma  awarded  Tom  Foo  Yuen  at  the  special  examination  at  the  Imperial  Medical 
College  at  Pekin,  which  determined  the  selection  of  candidates  for  still  further 
honors.  It  may  be  said  in  explanation  that  there  were  487  members  of  this  class,  of 
whom  Tom  Foo  Yuen  was  adjudged  to  be  first  by  his  mark  of  standing  in  the  dif- 
ferent studies  of  the  course.  Among  the  members  of  this  large  class,  which  wouM 
be  large  for  even  the  greatest  of  our  own  universities,  only  seven  succeeded  in  passing 
the  diflScult  examinations  which  entitled  them  to  the  diploma  already  published. 
These  seven  were  then  given  a  second  examinatione  to  determine  whether  they  were 
worthy  of  a  second  or  greater  honor.  Four  of  the  seven  succeeded  in  passing  this 
examination,  Tom  Foo  Yuen  standing  highest  of  the  four,  and  were  awarded  the 
diploma  of  which  the  above  are  a  fac  simile  and  a  translation.  This  second  diploma 
entitles  the  holder,  after  a  lapse  of  twelve  years,  to  a  position  as  an  instructor  in  the 
Imperial  Medical  College  and  to  the  right  of  practice  in  the  family  of  His  Majesty, 
the  Emperor  of  China.  During  the  intervening  twelve  years  the  candidate  is  pre- 
sumed to  perfect  himself  for  such  instruction  and  practice  by  the  active  employment 
of  his  talent  and  acquirements  as  a  physician.  At  the  end  of  that  period  he  presents 
himself  at  the  College  and  is  invested  with  the  titles,  dignities  and  emolument  of  an 
instructor.  It  will  readily  be  seen  that  this  is  an  honor  for  which  thousands  would 
willingly  labor  diligently  for  a  lifetime. 

The  acquisition  of  a  physician^s  education  in  China  means  a  long  and  tedious 
course  of  study,  commencing  at  a  very  early  age  under  the  instruction  of  skilled 
physicians  in  the  provinces.  As  the  pupil  advances  he  goes  to  the  university  and 
conforms  to  very  rigorous  rules  and  to  the  strictest  discipline .   The  enthusiastic  student 


ceeds  to  the  great  halls'of  the  university  at  midnight  and  performs  his  alloted  tasks 
in  the  silence  of  the  night  and  when  his  less  diligent  classmate  is  sound  asleep.  There 
are  no  vacations  and,  for  a  time  being,  all  ties  of  home,  business  and  society  are 
severed.  Every  faculty  of  the  mind  is  concentrated  upon  the  student's  work,  and  the 
result  is  a  command  of  all  the  mental  forces  and  a  capacity  for  close  concentration  of 
attention  of  which  the  most  profound  scholar  in  any  university  of  the  world  might  be 
proud.  At  the  end  of  his  course  he  is  skilled  in  all  the  properties  of  more  than  three 
thousand  different  medical  agents,  as  exhibited  in  thousands  of  complicated  combi- 
nations, and  he  understands  the  great  principles  of  diagnosis  by  the  pulse — a  method 
which  has  excited  the  wonder,  praise  and  admiration  of  all  who  have  understood  it, 
even  among  those  who  have  been  skeptical  in  regard  to  other  features  of  the  Chinese 
system  of  medicine. 

TRANSLATION.  ^  M       ^          ^k. 

By  Imperial  decree  the  following  digni-  a  *»  ^^1        ^ »             y^"^ 

taries  were  named  as  His  Majesty's  depu-  r^  al       ^^             *^ 

tation  to  select  and  detain  at  the  Medical           "^      »  »       •?»    ^-»   jt>i        \a  h.     « 

College    for    Imperial   employment    the  J*    -jk  /I  -JW    tT   '^         Jf( '^\  Jif     -h    ^^h    ^t 

most  skillful  of  the  successful  candidates  ^     S"^    *>  J&    *^i       ^    V..!^  ^^^  '^^  >f  O 

at    the    Grace    Examination  at    Peking,         %    ^  4^  \7     "^       Tfi  'st"^  ^H.  y^W 

which   gathered  from  the  different  pro-  -*^    (9  A^l  Vfll   ^         ^  Fi          -»•-  V*^    "^^ 

vinces  of  the  Empire  in  the  year  Ki  Chew        /^      ^>  "^  j,     «    ^        SL  Act  ^  ^-    T^     -^ 

of  Cyclical  Tables.  ^    iX  ^A  5      tf/       Zi  M    <>    ^  ^    ^ 

His  Excellency,  the    Honorable  Fook,  H^    \(y  ^«  ><_  J<       ^  J^  / O            '^     ^ 

Blood  Relative  to  His  Majesty,  Member  of  ^    ,i|^  ^  i"?    df        ^    'tt  ^^              "^     ^^ 

the  Privy  Council,  President  of  the  Im-  7L»  -J"  /  ''*"    T        |^^  >^' H   ^r^    rir    ^A 

perial  Medical  College ;  His  Excellency,        ^     aV  -^   ti     i^       ^^'X-^    'Aa  ^    ''>* 

the  Honorable  Chow,  High  Imperial  Com-        H     'gV  ,  i5L/^       /"A^IB^  '^      >L: 

missioner  of  the  Imperial  Medical  Col-  ^'     ^»  it  ^fk-    jfc      /*t  J5i>              .,.ri»  '^ 

lege;     His    Excellency,    the    Honorable                i^  ^  -'V*^  ^     J-ffl '^>^  *  i^  ^X  -7^ 

Chung,  Mandarin  of  the  Second  Degree                 *  4  iAt3'%.  )f*\  ^'""^J-   1^    ^s^    Jf 

^  ^^4    Si  .  t  £ 


Chung,  Mandarin  of  the  Second  Degree 
of  the  Order  of  the  Peacock  Feather, 
Director  of  the  Left  Chamber  of  the  Im- 
perial Medical  College  ;  and  His  Excel- 
lency, the  Honorable  Lee,  Mandarin  of 
the  Second  Degreeof  the  Order  of  the  Pea 


\±    ^t^r^t 


cock    Feathef;    Director    of    the    Right        1-^5*  ^"t^  -^ 'S. " ^  14r'  i''^ 

Chamber  of  the  Imperial  Medical  College.      ^     uj  "^   *»-J-  ^  ^2*  $    '^ 


And  therefore,  in  the  exercise  of  their  ^^gk  xYfL   ^-^  ^v  -*•  T        » 

authority,  granted  for  this  purpose,  they  r«|  fli-    ^  ^j\  .*^  ,^_ 

have  selected  Tom  Foo  Yuen,  of  the  dis,-  .V  jJ^    iTl  S'l  >17  ^-** 

Province  of  Kwang  J^  "5??^  Isj  "^  r>riT^ 

highest  class  of  the  ^T^  ^  .  »  »    ij  "F  i  .T-    X 

profoundly  skillful  in  ^    >Jf  «{6-  ^PC  ^  j|^ 

julse.  and  thoroughly  Q    ;f?^^'«*  - /*     ' 2  T 


have  selected  Tom  Foo  Yuen,  of  the  dis- 
trict of  Shueu  Tak.  Province  of  Kwang 
Tung,  head  of  the  highest  class  of  the 
medical  candidates,  profoundly  skillful  in 
the  principle  of  the  pulse,  and  thoroughly  .,  .  ^ 
versed  in  the  nature  of  medicine  and  have  '-^ 

caused  his  name  to  be  reg^istered  in  the 
official  record.  Of  which  action  this  is  a 
certificate  and  the  same  is  to  be  delivered 
to  Tom  Foo  Yuen,  of  the  Imperial  Medical 
College  of  Pekin. 

[Official  Seal] 
Kwung-Sui,  i.sth  year,  ninth  month 
and  the  20th  day,  18S9. 

These  documents  are  as  clean  as  any  documentary  evidence  can  be,  of  Tom  Foo 
Yuen's  proficiency  in  the  theories  of  his  profession.  Most  of  his  practice  of  those 
theories  has  been  in  the  United  States,  a  part  of  the  time  with  his  distinguished  rela- 
tive and  patron,  Li  Po  Tai,  at  San  Francisco,  the  remainder  of  the  time  in  Southern 
California.  His  efforts  have  been  attended  with  great  success  and  have  proven  to 
very  many  that  the  system  which  he  represents  is  worthy  of  the  closest  study  and 
analysis  and  of  the  patronage  of  all  who  are  in  need  of  medical  assistance.  We  have 
spared  neither  time  nor  pains  nor  money  nor  any  other  effort  to  bring  the  merits  of 
this  system  before  the  citizens  of  Los  Angeles  and  Southern  California,  and  eventually 
we  have  hoped,  of  the  United  States.  We  should  not  make  those  efforts,  which  have 
met  with  a  great  deal  of  opposition,  were  we  not  fully  convinced  of  the  fact  that  there 
is  a  truly  consistent  system  of  medicine,  that  such  a  system,  non-poisonous,  rational 
and  successful,  is  imperatively  demanded  and  that  it  will  some  day  be  recognized  as 
a  means  of  untold  benefit  to  humanity. 

THE  FLOWERY  KINGDOM  HERB  REMEDY  COMPANY 

T.  FOO  YUKN,  MedicMl  Uirector 

B.  C  PL.ATT,  AHM't  and  Kufilness  Manager 

17     BAHNAHO     PAKK 

P.  O.  Box  1717.  Station  F  LOS    ANGELES,     CAL. 

PlcMe  mentkni  that  yim  "  mw  it  la  the  Laud  of  Sunshiiib." 


A  Glimpse  at  Woodlawn. 

THB    WBW   RBSIDBNCB   SUBDIVISION   IN    LOS    ANGELES. 


Fronts  on  JeflFerson.  Main,  35th,  36th.  37th,  38th  and  Maple  Ave.,  and  bordered  by  sturdy  old 
peppers.  Reached  by  three  car  lines;  Maple  Ave.  electric  a  block  east.  Grand  Ave.  electric  a  block 
vtrest,  and  Main  St.  line,  soon  to  be  electrized,  direct  to  tract.  Only  a  short  distance  from  the  R.R. 
stations  to  Redondo  and  Santa  Monica  beaches;  within  a  few  blocks  of  the  famous  Adams  and 
Figueroa  Sts.  Gets  the  first  sniflf  of  the  ocean  breeze  ;  no  smoke.  The  soil  is  a  dark  loam,  no  adobe 
and  no  mud.  City  water  in  abundance.  Gas  soon  to  be  put  in  and  Main  street  payed  to  37th  street, 
the  city  limits.  Good  schools  near,  and  every  city  advantage.  Two  years  ago  this  was  an  orange 
grove.  Subdivison  cut  it  into  regular  50  foot  lots,  laid  out  the  streets,  caused  cement  walks  and  curbs, 
and  later,  shade  trees,  beautiful  homes,  lawns  and  flowers.  Mr.  Thos.  McD.  Potter  is  the  owner  of 
this  fine  propertv.  He  stipulates  the  class  of  houses,  and  desires  the  homeseeker  rather  than  the 
investor.  At  present  there  are  over  30  fine  homes,  ranging  from  $1,500  to  $5,000.  Prices  average 
between  $600  and  $800.  A  few  lots  left  on  36th  street  at  $700  ;  35th  street  at  $750.  See  cut.  Prices  are 
meaningless  to  the  stranger,  and  value  is  only  by  comparison. 

For  all  information  address  the  owner,  Jefferson  and  Main  Street.«. 


\ 


The  lyos  Angeles  Home  of  the  famous  Sohmer  Piano. 
FISHER'S  MUSIC  HOUSE  427  SOUTH  BROADWAY 


Tb€  I^ai\d  of  €>ar\6bii\€ 


THE    SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA 
MAGAZINE 

|i.oo  A  Year.  io  Cents  a  Copy. 

Foreign  Rates  I1.50  per  Year. 

Published  monthly  by 

Tfie  Land  of  Sunshine  PubfishinQ  Co. 

INCORPORATCO 

S01  -503  Stimson  Building,  los  angcles,  cal. 

BOARD  OP  DIRECTORS 
W.  C.  Patterson  -  -  -  .  President 
Chas.  F.  Lummis,  V.-Prest.  &  Manag:ing  Editor 
P.  A.  Pattee  -  Secretary  and  Business  Mgr. 
H.  J.  Fleishman  ....  Treasurer 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis     -       -       -       -     Attorney 

Entered  at  the  I,os  Angeles  Postoffice  as  second- 
class  matter. 

Address  advertising,  remittances,  etc.,  to  the 
Business  Manager. 

All  MSS.  should  be  addressed  to  the  Editor. 
No  MSS.  preserved  unless  accompanied  by  re- 
turn postage. 


Questions  Answered.— specific  information 
about  Southern  California  desired  by  tourists, 
health  seekers  or  intending  settlers  will  be  furn- 
ished free  of  charge  by  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 
Enclose  stamp  with  letter. 


Arizona  Readers. 

Mr.  G.  H.  Paine,  the  indomitable  and 
unavoidable  field  manager  of  the  Land 
OF  Sunshine,  is  campaigning  for  the 
magazine  in  Arizona.  A  great  many 
thousands  of  Californians  know  this  deaf, 
one-armed  but  infinitely  plucky  man,  his 
energy,  his  intelligence  and  his  reliability 
— and  they  can  come  pretty  near  guessing 
what  will  be  the  upshot  when  he  catches 
the  ear  of  our  neighbors.  The  Arizonians 
are  finding  out  that  it  is  a  case  of  Davy 
Crockett  and  the  coon. — "Oh,  is  that  you. 
Col.  Crockett?  Don't  shoot;  I'll  come 
down!" — as  the  subscriptions  pouring 
in  from  that  section  testify. 

Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  the  two  great 
territories  of  the  Southwest,  are  part  of 
the  field  for  and  of  which  this  South- 
western magazine  is  published.  They 
have  not  always  had  the  most  neighborly 
treatment  from  our  local  periodicals,  but 
that  is  from  lack  of  understanding.  The 
Southwest  is  inevitably  going  to  crystal- 
lize and  draw  together;  is  it  a  natural  divis- 
ion, and  its  fortunes  are  mutually  inter- 
dependent. The  two  territories  are  part 
of  the  Land  of  Sunshine,  and  the 
magazine  is  a  part  of  them. 


THE    INEVITABLE    RESULT. 

WMARASH    CHESTER  «  WVE8TEIIN  N    Ik 


SIERRA  MADRE  AND  WILSON'S  PEAK! 

The  Old  Original  Sierra  Madre  Public  Bus  Line, 
S.  R.  G.  Twjcross,  Proprietor.  Meets  all  trains 
at  Santa  Anita  Station,  for  Sierra  Madre,  Wilson's 
Trail,  Baldwin's  Ranch,  The  Little  Santa  Anita 
Canyon,  and  all  points  of  interest;  fine  bargains 
in  Real  Estate,  Houses  to  Rent,  Insurance,  etc. 
Best  Burros  and  Mules  furnished.  Write  or 
Telephone. 

S.  R.  G.  TWYCROSS.  Sierra  Madre,  Cal. 


piNE  I^ALF-TONE  pniNTING 


A  SPECIALTY 


i^ingsley 
Qarnes 

& 

Co. 


Printer*  and  Binders  to 

"  LAVDOr   SUHSHIKB.' 


FREE    'bus  to   and   FROM   TRAINS. 
BAR   AND   BILLIARD  ROOMS, 


^^ 


088 


|1otel  R( 


<;om/i\ereial     J-  H.  CLANCY, 

,  Manager. 

ZT)d 


Jourists' 


23  South  Broadway 


Headquarters  1^6 1) tU Pa ,  Qa  I 


^^ 


RATES   $2.50  AND   UPWARDS. 
STRICTLY  FIBST-CLASS. 


'PHIS  Space  Reserved  by 


8l  ZEIiL]SlEH 
COyiPR^Y 


249  SOUTH  BROADWAY 


Please  mention  that  you  *'  saw  it  in  the  Lakd  ok  Sunshikb. 


An  Interesting  Event. 

The  carnival  at  Phoenix,  A.  T.,  Febru- 
ary 18,  19,  20,  21  and  22,  promises  to  be  a 
great  event,  novel  and  highlv  interesting 
to  tourists  and  sightseers.  Travelers  by 
the  Santa  Fe  route  stop  off  at  Ash  Fork, 
and  can  visit  Prescott  on  their  way  to  the 
metropolis  of  the  wonderful  Salt  River 
valley.  The  Santa  F^,  Phoenix  &  Pres- 
cott R.  R.  is  new,  well-equipped,  rock- 
ballasted  and  well  handled  ;  and  the  trip 
from  Ash  Fork  down  is  a  very  interesting 
one.  In  a  few  hours  the  road  drops  from 
the  ice  and  snow  of  the  upland  down  to 
the  oranges  and  flowers. 


II.I.USTBATIVE  WORK. 

In  the  growth  and  development  of  half- 
tone and  line-etching  in  California,  a  fore- 
most part  and  name  is  taken  by  the 
Union  Photo  Engraving  Co  ,  of  Los 
Angeles.  As  the  successors  of  Mr. 
Herve  Friend,  the  Pacific  and  the 
Electric  Engraving  Companies,  it  is  now 
owned  and  managed  by  Mr.  Louis 
Blankenhorn,  for  some  years  a  resident 
in  Southern  California,  and  in  the  East 
and  San  Francisco  identified  with  pub- 
lishing and  art  work. 


A  GOOD  NEIGHBOR. 

Many  people  in  Los  Angeles  County 
will  be  glad  to  know  that  their  quondam 
and  excellent  County  recorder,  Arthur 
Bray,  has  been  for  some  time  finely 
located  at  San  Luis  Obispo  as  manager 
of  the  Pacific  Land  Companies'  interests 
in  that  section. 


Oar  London  Agents. 

F.  W.  Frier  &  Co..  of  Westminister  Chambers. 
9  Victoria  St.,  London,  S.  W.,  are  now  in  active 
charge  of  the  subscription  and  advertising  de- 
partment of  the  Land  of  Sunshine  in  Knglaud. 

Single  copies  can  be  secured  from  the  dealers 
Messrs.  Gay  &  Bird,  5  Chambers  St  ,  Strand. 

PRECIOUS  STONES  CUT. 

The  Rival  Jewelry  Store  will  soon  be  nrepared 
to  cut  precious  stones  of  all  kinds.  It  is  the 
cheapest  place  to  buy  watches  and  jewelry  on  the 
coast,  256  S.  Broadway. 


A  NEW  FIRM. 

Mr.  J.  A.  Jevne  who  bids  fair  to  some  day  as- 
sume the  extensive  business  interests  of  his 
father  H.  Jevne,  and  —  let  us  devoutly  pray  — 
his  intelligent  public  spiritedness  as  well,  has 
contracted  a  partnership  of  such  importance  as 
to  lure  him  for  the  time  to  the  northern  portion 
of  the  state.  Instead  of  terminating  or  diminish- 
ing Jack's  relation  to  his  father's  grocery  busi- 
ness, this  side  partnership  is  more  likely,  in  time 
to  increase  the  business  done  at  that  particular 
store.  No  corporation  papers  have  been  taken 
out  by  the  new  firm,  as  it  is  composed- of  but  two 
members  and  is  a  "life  partnership."  The 
"better-half"  of  this  union  was  formerly  known 
as  Miss  Genevieve  Marix,  a  most  charming 
and  highly  cultured  Angelefia. 


Alteration  and   Improvements  in  a 
Famous  Family  Hotel. 

The  Hotel  Pleasanton.  at  the  northwest  corner 
of  Sutter  and  Jones  streets,  San  Francisco,  isone 
of  the  finest  family  hotels  in  the  United  States, 
and  in  point  of  size  and  accommodations  com- 
pares favorably  with  the  popular  and  fashionable 
hotels  grouped  around  Central  Park,  in  New 
York.  Mr.  O.  M.  Hrenuan,  an  experienced  hotel 
man.  with  the  prestige  of  a  successful  career,  se- 
cured the  hotel  a  year  ago  last  May,  and  entirely 
altered  its  interior.  It  has  been  painted  anew, 
decorated,  supplied  with  every  fojm  of  up-to- 
date  improvement  and  placed  on  a  footing  with 
the  most  favored  hotels  of  the  Union.  The  fact 
that  Mr.  Brennan  has  had  twenty  years'  ex- 
perience as  a  hotel  man  and  caterer  is  security 
for  an  excellent  cuisine,  and  the  reduced  rent  on 
his  lease  of  the  building  has  enabled  him  to  lower 
his  rates  for  board  to  a  marked  depree.  The 
Pleasanton  occupies  such  a  sightly  position  and 
is  so  easily  accessible  by  car  lines  that  it  has  the 
very  pick'of  the  public  patronage.  It  is  a  Family 
Hotel  in  the  best  and  truest  sense  of  the  term. 


Olive  Growers'  Hand  Book. 

The  Olive  Growers'  Handbook,  by  John  S.  Cal- 
kins, is  out  for  1896.  It  is  a  concise  and  expert 
little  treatise  covering  every  side  of  olive  culture. 
Free.    Apply  to  the  author,  Pomona. 


Not  One  of  Us. 

Franklin    H.  Austin  is  in  no  wise  connected 
with  the  Land  of  Sunshine  Publishing  Co. 


L.08  Ang^eles  and  Cripple  Creek. 

The  Los  Angeles  and  Cripp'e  Creek  Mining 
Exchange  ha.«i  recently  opened  offices  in  this  city 
at  208  South  Broadway  for  the  purpose  of  con- 
ducting a  Mining  Exchange,  for  the  purchase 
and  ."«ale  of  mining  stock  and  the  promoting,  pur- 
chase and  sale  of  mines.  Branch  offices  are  being 
established  at  Cripple  Creek  atid  Chicago.  The 
officers  are :  H.  M.  Russell,  president,  F  N.  Myers, 
vice-president,  O.  Pooley„^ecretary. 


The  Modern  Cure  for  Disease 

SEN-D 

WATSON  &  CO., 


SEN-D     POH    BOOK. 

Pacific  Coast  Agents, 

124  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


ACKNOWLBDGES  THE  CORN. 

It  is  not  many  years  since  our  northern 
neighbors  were  wont  to  allude  to  Southern 
California  as  the  "  Cow  Counties,"  and 
credit  it  with  no  greater  destiny. 

Today  no  less  authoritative  and  fair- 
minded  a  publication  than  the  San  Fran' 
Cisco  Argonaut  makes  the  following  frank 
acknowledgement  of  superiority  : 

"It  may  surprise  many  San  Franciscans 
to  learn  that  the  real  estate  transactions 
in  Los  Angeles  during  the  year  just  closed 
largely  exceeded,  in  amount  of  money 
involved,  those  of  San  Francisco.  Such, 
however,  is  the  fact.  The  figures  for  San 
Francisco  (taken  from  the  Record  of 
Thomas  Magee,  who  is  conservative  and 
accurate)  foot  up  $13,613,644  for  the  year 
1895.  The  figures  of  Ivos  Angeles  (taken 
from  The  Investor,  a  weekly  financial 
journal)  come  to  a  total  of  $17,481,409 
for  the  year  just  closed.  There  is  no 
"boom  "  in  Los  Angeles,  and  there  were 
apparently  no  abnormal  causes  to  swell 
the  record  of  sales.  They  run  evenly 
through  the  year,  averaging  about 
$1,400,000  per  month,  with  the  exception 
of  September,  when  the  sales  rose  to 
$2,735,052.  In  San  Francisco,  on  the 
other  hand,  there  is  a  marked  disparity 
in  the  months  ;  the  figures  are  as  low  as 
$648,450  in  February,  1885,  and  rise  to 
$2,446,625  in  April,  falling  again  to 
$687,339  111  August.  These  wide  diver- 
gencies are  due  to  the  heavy  purchases 
made  by  Claus  Spreckels  during  the  year; 
had  it  not  been  for  them,  the  real  estate 
record  of  Los  Angeles  would  have  been 
even  further  ahead  of  us.  As  it  is,  a  city 
with  less  than  one-fourth  of  our  popula- 
tion, has  had  real  estate  transactions 
exceeding  ours  nearly  four  millions  of 
dollars  —  $3,867,765,  to  the  exact.  And 
they  do  not  seem  to  be  boom  sales, 
either." 


OLDEST  AND  LARGEST  BANK   IN  SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 

Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank 

OF  LOS   ANGELES,   CAL. 

Capital  (paid  up)      -        -      $500,000.00 
Surplus  and  Reserve  -        -    820,000.00 

Total        -  $1,320,000.00 

OFFICERS  : 

I.  W.  Hellman President 

H.  W.  Hellman Vice-President 

Henry  J.  Fleishman Cashier 

G.  A.  J.  Heimann Assistant  Cashier 

DIRECTORS : 

W,  H.  Perry,    C.  E.  Thom,    J.  B.  IvANKershim, 

O.  W.  CHILDS,        C.  DUCCOMMUN,       T.  I,.    DUQUE, 

A.  Glassell,  H.  W,  Hellman,  I.  W.  Hellman. 
Sell  and  Buy  Foreign  and  Domestic  Exchange. 

Special  Collection  Department 

Correspondence  Invited. 

OF  1.0s  ANOEL-ES. 

Capital  Stock $400,000 

Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits  over      230,000 

J.  M.  Elliott,  Prest.,  W.G.  Kerckhoff,  V.Pres 

Frank  A.  Gibson,  Cashier. 

G.  B.  Shaffer,  Assistant  Cashier. 

directors: 

J.  M.  Elliott,  F.  Q.  Story,        J.  D.  Hooker, 

J.  D.  Bicknell.      H.  Jevne,  W.  C.  Patterson 

W.  G.  KerckhoflF, 

No  public  funds  or  other  preferred  deposits 

received  by  this  bank. 

Security  Savings  Bank 

AND  TRUST  CO. 

148   SOUTH    MAIN    ST.,    near  second- 

Capital  and  Surplus     -        -     SI 30,000.00 

officers  : 
J.  F.  Sartori,  Prest.  Maurice  S.  Hellman,  V-P. 
W.  D.  IvONGyear,  Cashier. 
directors : 
H.  W.  Hellman,       J.  F.  Sartori,    W.  L.  Graves, 
H.  J.  Fleishman,    C.  A.Shaw,      F.  O.  Johnson, 
J.  H.  Shankland,    J.  A.  Graves,    M.  L.  Fleming, 

Maurice  S.  Hellman,     W.  D.  Ivongyear. 

Five  per  cent,  interest  paid  on  Term  Deposits. 

Three  per  cent,  on  Ordinary  Deposits. 

MONEY  LOANED  ON  REAL  ESTATE 


M.  W.  Stimson,  Prest. 


C.  S.  Cristy,  Vice-Preat, 


W.  E,  McVay,  Secy. 


FOR  GOOD  nORTGAGE  LOANS 

AND     OTHER    SArr    I N VKSTMCNTS, 
WRITE   TO 

Security  Loan  and  Trust  Company 


CAPITAL  $200,000 


223  South  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  CaL 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


THERE  IS  A 

Medicinal  Touch 

In  the  air  along  the  Sierra  Madre  foot-hills  that  all  can  feel,  but  none  can  describe.  Here  is  located 
that  charming  health  resort 

Sierra  Madre  Sanitarium, 

A  quiet,  home-like  place,  where  "  trained  nurses,"  "  rest  cure,"  "  massage,'"  "  faradization,  "  galvan- 
ization," "static  electrization,"  "  Swedish  movements,"  "dieting,"  "baths,"  "physical  training," 
and  all  that  pertains  to  modern  rational  treatment,  can  be  had  in  perfection  at  reasonable  prices. 


Dr. 


Chas.  Lee  King, 

Medical  Superintendent. 


Wm. 


P.  Mansfield, 

Manager. 


Lamanda  Park  P.  O.  and  Station,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  California. 


JUST  euT 


1896 
eATALOGUE    AND    PRieE     LIST 


Established  1882. 


H.JEVNE 


WHOLESALE 


GROCER 


RETAIL 


An  edition  of  15,000  most  complete  Price  Currents  ever  published. 
SEND  OR  CALL  FOR  A  COPY 

136  and  T38  NORTH   SPRING  SXREEX 

ACRES    or    LAND    POR    SALE 

SUBDIVIDED    TO    SUIT 

IN  SAN   LUIS  OBISPO  AND  SANTA  BARBARA 
COUNTIES 

-  uiable  for  Dairying,  Fruit  aud  Vegetable  (Irowiiig.    Climate  perfect,  Soil  fertile,  Water  abundant. 
$15.00  to  Jioo.oo  per  acre.    Terms  to  suit.    Don't  buy  until  you  see 
this  part  of  California. 
For  further  Information  apply  to : 

PACIFIC   LAND  COMPANY  (Owners) 

SAN  LUIS  OBISPO,  CALIFORNIA 


HOTEL  VINCENT 


E.  C.  JONES 


E.  W.  JONES 


615  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.  TeL  1289 

Kew  Throughout.   Radiators  throughout  the  hotel.    Private  and  public  baths.    Gas  and  electricity. 
Full  hotel  service.    Rooms  single  or  en  suite,  by  the  day,  week  or  month.     Transient  patronage  solic- 
I.    Terms  the  best  in  the  city.    200  feet  of  sunny  fronUge.    ISaropean  Pl»n. 

Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  op  Sunhhimb.'* 


H5B0TSF0RD 
J      INN 


Sth  and  HOPE  Sts. 


The  only  thoroughly  comfortable  tourist 
hotel  in  Los  Angeles. 

Heated  throughout  by  steam. 
Convenient  to  four  lines  of  street  railway. 

Just  outside  the  business  district. 
Strictly  first-class. 

None  but  white  labor  is  employed. 

CHAS.  A.  BRANT,  Mgr. 

Late  of  Redondo  Hotel. 


Model  Home 


Southern  California 

To  Exchange  For 

Eastern  Income 
Property 

I  have  ten  acres,  thirty  miles  from  I<os  Angeles 
in  one  of  the  best  towns  in  Southern  California, 
set  out  in  bearing  walnuts,  apricots,  prunes  and 
oranges,  rich  sandy  loam  soil,  ample  water  rights 
for  domestic  use  and  irrigation  at  nominal  cost. 

Modern  ten-room  house,  beautiful  grounds, 
lawn,  flowers  and  shrubs,  in  fact  a  complete 
home  at  a  moderate  price,  $8,000,  that  will  pay 
now  ten  per  cent,  net  per  annum  from  fruit  on 
place,  and  get  better  each  year.  Will  take  good 
property  in  Michigan,  Illinois  or  Ohio,  to  value 
of  property  here,  less  $1,000,  which  must  be  in 
cash.  I  have  other  properties  for  sale  and  ex- 
change. Write  to  me  for  information  re- 
garding them  or  about  Southern  California. 

Leonard  Merrill 

240=241  Bradbury  Block 

LOS  ANGELES.  CAL. 


LOS    ANGELES 

DIRECTORY  CO 

(incorporated) 


GEO.  W.  MAXWELL,  Pres.  and  Mgr. 

432  Stimson  Block,  Los  Angeles 

Telephone  1380 


Publishers  of  MAXWEI^I^'S  tOS  ANGELES  CITY  DIRECTORY    and    GAZETTEER 
OF  SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA. 

A  complete  Directory  of  the  residents  of  the  City  of  Los  Angeles,  a  classified  Business  Directory 
of  Los  Angeles,  and  a  Business  Directory  of  every  town  in  the  seven  counties  of  Southern  California. 

Next  issue  to  be  ready  for  delivery  about  April  15th,  1896. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine.' 


THE  PLACE  rOR  YOU  16  ON  OUR  LANDS 


San  Diego 


NATIONAL 
CITY 


OTAV    NAIL- 
WAY. 


HiaH-CL«m« 
FAMILY 

HOTEL 

»T 

Chula 
Vista 


A  large  selection  of  valley  and  mesa  lands,  irrigated  and  unirrigated,  910.00  to  9360  per  acre. 
All  our  lands  near  San  Diego  developed  by  sixty  miles  of  railroad  and  supplied  with  water  under 
pressure  by  the  SWEETWATER  DAM  AND  IRRIGATING  SYSTEM.  The  most  perfect 
water  supply  in  California.  Several  five  and  ten  acre  tracts,  planted  and  unplanted,  with  attractive 
houses,  commanding  beautiful  views  and  making  delightful  homes,  on  CHUIiA  VISTA,  tlie  most 
beautiful  suburb  in  Southern  California.  Citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  grow  to  perfection. 
Easy  terms,  if  desired,  on  all  our  property.    Attractive  adverti.sing  matter  free. 

SAN  DIEGO  LAND  AND  TOWN  CO., 

NATIONAI.     CITY,     CAL. 


SAMUEL  B.  ZIMMER 


ROBERT  C.  REAMER 


Rooms  44,  46,  46 

Lawyers  Block 


San  Diego,  California 


This  flagazine 

IS    PRINTED    V 

California  Ink  Company 


IS    PRINTED    WITH    NO.     168    HALF-TONC    BLACK 
MADE    BY 


OF  SAN   FRANCISCO 


WC     ARC    THK     ONLY    M ANUF ACTUNCRS    OT 
riNC    •LACK    rRINTINO    INKS 
ON     THC     COAST 


Los  Angeles  Branch 

125  E.  Second  St. 

Send  for  Our  Color  Specimen  Book 

MAX     MERTEN,     AGENT 


?leMe  nsntlon  thst  you  "mw  it  in  the  Land  of  SuMsamB. 


THE  (Stewart 


FIRST-CI.ASS         San  Bernardino,  Cal. 

IN 
BVERY   $   $   $   $   $ 
PARTICULAR 


26  Suites  with  private  baths.     A  favorite  resort 
for  Tourists  and  Commercial  Men. 

RATES,    $2.00    TO    $3.00    PER    DAY 
Free  'Bus  to  and  from  all  trains. 

MAX  ERKES  &  CO.,   Proprietors. 


702  Sacramento  «t 


sale  Agents,  Los  Angeles, 


Or.  Pierce's  Galvanic 
CHAIN  BELT 

A    perfect    Electric    Body- 
Battery    for    curing    Chronic 
Weakness  or  disease  ot  mala 
or  female.      It  imparts  \igor 
and  strength  where  medicines 
fail      "  Pamphlet  No.  2  "  contains  fnl) 
information.     Write  for  it.      Address  : 
MAGNETIC   ELASTIC   TRUSS   CO., 
San  Francisco.     F.  W.  Braun  &  Co  ,  Whole- 


CARL  ENTENMANN       's\wLouTm 

Manufacturing  Jeweler 

r«^^r?m«at  . . .  Dioii](l  Sellef  onfl  Enpver 

to  order  or  repaired  ° 

Gold  and  Silver  School  and  Society  Badges  &  Medals  a  specialty 

NOOMS   3.    4  AND   T    UP   STAIRS 

217^  South  Spring  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


City 
Property 


WOOD  &  CHURCH 


Country 
Property 


llip     nCCCD     8  GOO  acres  at  $12  per  acre  ;  27,000  acres  at  $33.  and  12,000  acres  at  $33  per   acre 
II  L     Urriln    with  abundance  of  waiter  and  very  desirab/e  for  COluOlSiY  PURPOSES, 

We  have  a  fine  list  of  I^os  Angeles  and  Pasadena  city  property;  some  are  bargains. 

Mortgages  and  Bonds  for  Sale. 

123  5.  Broadway,  Pasadena  Office, 


Lios  Angeles,  Cal. 


16  S.  Raymond  Ave. 


Olive  Growers  Handbook 


and  Price  List  Free 


THE  PRESS  CLIPPING  BUREAU 

GUARANTEES    PROMPT,    ACCURATE   AND 
RELIABLE    SERVICE. 

Supplies  notices  and  clippings  on  any  subject 
from  all  periodicals  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  business 
and  personal  clippings,  trade  news,  advance 
reports  on  all  contract  works. 

LOS  ANGELES  OFflGUIOWESISECOND  STREET 


C.  I.  PARKER  FERD.  C.   GOTTSCHALK 

ififll  Esifi  Ql  iestiient  MM 

ROOMS  I  AND  2  MUSKEGON  BLOCK 

THIRD  AND  BROADWAY 

LOS   ANGELES,   CALIFORNIA. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  investing  Kastern 
capital  of  any  amount  in  city  or  country  prop- 
erty, or  in  mortgages  paying  7  per  cent,  interest 
net,  with  security  at  least  double  the  amount  of 
loan. 

We  refer  with  permission  to  the  Farmers 
and  Merchants  Bank,  and  First  National  Bank 
EyOS  Angeles. 

Correspondence  Solicited. 

PARKER   &.  GOTTSCHALK 


Poland  Rock 

Water 

Company  218  w.  First  st. 


S.  BARTHOIiOMEW 
Manager 


TEIiEPHONE  1101 


Indian  Baskets 
Navajo  Blankets 
Pueblo  Pottery 

Mail  Orders 

Solicited. 

Catalogue  Sent 

Free. 


OPMLS 


Mexican  Drawn  Work   and    Hand-Carved  Leather 
Goods.     Indian  Photos   (blue   prints^  10  c.   each. 

W.  D.  Campbell's  Curio  Store, 

336  South  Spring  St.,  liOS  Angeles,  Ci 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


HAWLEY,    KING   &  CO. 


FINE  CARRIAGES   AND 
BICYCLES 


210  NORTH  MAIN  STREET 


DEL  SUR  RANCH  CO. 

(Incorporated.)    Owners  of  1440  acres 
ofthe  best  foot-hill 


LOS  ANGELES.  CAL. 


ALMOND 


LAND 


OLIVE 


in  Southern  California,  will  plant  for  themselves, 
this  winter,  from  three  to  four  hundred  acres  to 
Almonds  and  Olives.  They  will  h«11  some  of 
their  land,  plant  and  care  for  it  until  in  bear- 
ing, on  very  liberal  co-operative  terms. 

miDond  Elotit  and  Olive  Ten  seml-AnnuQi  Poyments. 

This  makes  it  easy  to  acquire  a  valuable  income- 
producing  property.  An  income  sure  to  increase 
with  age.  The  whole  plan  is  fully  explained  in  a 
circular  to  be  had  free  on  application  to  the  office 
of  the  DEL  SUR  RANCH  CO..  328  S.  BROADWAY. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CAL.,  or  tone  of  the  owners) 

930  CheHtnut  St., 

ILADELPUIA.PA. 


GEO.  EAKINS,  V^ 


New  York.  Philadelphia,  and  I^os  Angeles 
Reference. 


r.  M.  REIQME.... 

102  SOUTH  SPRING  ST. 


LOS  ANGELES. 


Has  a  very  large  line  of 

5terlip^  $iluer  l^ouelties 

Suitable  for  Holiday  Gifts.     It  will  pay  you 
to  call  and  see  the  line  before  you  buy. 


POIllDEXfER  i^  WaDSWORTH 

BROKERS 

305  West  Second  St.,    L.08  Ang^eles,  Cal. 

Buy  and  sell  Real  Estate,  Stocks,  Bonds  and 
Mortgages,  on  commission,  make  collections, 
manage  property  and  do  a  general  brokerage 
business.  Highest  references  for  reliability  and 
good  business  management. 


HOTOL       P^LOTV^KReS 


POMONA.  CALIFORNIA 


A  strictly  first-class  house  ol 
130  large  rooms,  elegantly  fur- 
nished. Situated  on  the  main 
lines  of  the  Southern  Pacific  and 
Santa  V€  Railways,  32  miles  east 
of  Los  Angeles.  Rates,  I2.50  to 
I3.50  per  day;  $12.50  to  $17.50  per 
week. 

V.  D.  SIMMS,  Manager. 


Pleaae  mention  that  you  "  aaw  it  in  the  Land  op  Sukshinb. 


DO  YOU  WANT  A  HOHE 


IN  ONTARIO  ? 


1 


ii 


The  Model  Colony" 

of  Southern  California 


ORANGE  GROVES  we  have 

LEMON  GROVES  sowd  banks 

^-.  -^^^—v     ^-r^  ^^^  »  ^  -r^/^  FIRST-CLASS  HOTF,LS 

WE  HAVE        OLIVE  ORCHARDS  ^,^,,,,,  „,,, 

GOOD  LAND         APRICOT  ORCHARDS  blecmic  ry 

GOOD  WATER  PEACH  ORCHARDS  complete 

GOOD  SCHOOLS 

GOOD  cHCRCHEs         PRUNE  ORCHARDS 
GOOD  SOCIETY  ALMOND  ORCHARDS      ^^"«" 


In  ^,  \o,  20,  or  40-Acre  Tracts 

At  reasonable  prices  and  on  terms 
to  suit  purchasers. 


For  full  information  and  descriptive  pamphlet,   write  to 

HANSON  &  CO., 

Or,  122  Pall  Mall,  London,  England.  OfltariO,     CaHfomia. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sukrhinh. 


'WBBgttryBSsgmar^ 


THE    CHICAGO    LIMITED 


PULLMAN'S 

NEWEST 

PALACES 


HARVEY'S 

DINING  CAR 

SERVICE 


THE  QUICKEST  TRAIN  ACROSS  THE  CONTINENT 
RUNS  EVERY  DAY 

Leaves  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  8:00  p.  m.     Arrives  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  6:05  p.  m. 


The  Cuyamaca.... 

XiV/"  Railroad  Goes 


^^ 


THROUGH    THE    HEART    OF    THE 
MOST  CHARMING  REGION 
IN  OUR  SOUTHLAND. 


If  you  don't  believe  SAN  DiEGO  has  a  beautiful  and  productive  back  country, 
lake  a  trip  to  the  Lemon  Grove,  La  Mesa  and  El  Cajon  districts— visit  Lakeside. 

SEEING     IS    BELIEVI/MG 

Fine  Hunting  all  the  year  round. 

San  Diego,  Cuyamaca  &  Eastern  Ry. 

ITALDO  S.  WATERMAN,  Gen'l  Manager, 

Depot  Foot  of  loth  Street,  San  Diego,  California. 

^  WRITE  FOR  FURTHER  INFORMATION. 


''  We  Sell  the  Earth '' 

A/rlife^  BASSETT  &  SMITH 


F»07«T0NK 


ARF  yOl  1  Lo<^^i"g  ^or  a  Home  ?  Are  you  looking  for 
an  Investment  ?  Do  you  want  to  locate  in 
one  of  tlie  Finest  Spots  on  this  Earth?  Our  opinion  is 
that  that  spot  is  the  POMONA  VAI.I.EY.  There  may 
be  equals,  but  no  superiors. 

We  have  for  sale  in  this  valley  and  elsewhere,  Olive 
Orchards,  Liemon  Orchards,  Orange  Orchards,  also 
orchards  of  Prune,  Peach,  Plum,  etc.,  etc.,  large  or 
small ;  also  Stock  Banches,  Bee  Banches,  and  large 
tracts  of  I^and  for  Colony  purpose.  We  believe  the  OI^IVE  INDUSTBY  will  make  one 
of  the  best  paying  investments  on  this  coast     We  now  have  for  sale  the  noted 

Hoxxcland  Olive  J^anch  and    Olive  Oil  Plant 

150  Acres  with  fine  Olive  Oil  Mill;  income  last  year  over  $8,000.     For  Information  or  Descrip- 
tive Matter  about  California  or  any  of  her  industries,  call  on  or  address 


BASSETT  S   SMITH 

Pomona,  Cal 


FROBIE  INSTITUTE  '--  -  --.s. 

CUEST  flDHOQS  ST.   COR.  HOOVER  ST. 

UOS  AflGEUES 

All  grades  taught,  from  Kindergarten  to  College 

Training  School  for  Kindergartners  a  specialty 

PROF.  AND  MME.  LOUIS  CLAVERIE. 

Circular  sent  on  application. 


Woodburu  Bu6ine66  Coffege 

226  S.  Spring  St.,  Los  Angki.es 

Oldest,  I,argest  and  Best.    Send  for  Catalog^ue. 


A.  Hough, 

President. 


N.  G.  Felker, 

Vice  President. 


We  have   all   styles   and   prices,   but  for  a    moderate-priced  Surrey,  one  that  will  givi 
you  satisfaction,  the  hest  value  for    the   money,    we    recommend    the    «•  ENTERPRISE, 
No.  234,  made  by  the  Enterprise  Carriage  Mfg.  Co.,  Miamisburg,  Ohio. 

Sold  hy 

MATHEWS     IMPLEMENT    CO., 
120,   122  and  124  South  Los  Ang-eles  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunbhutb.' 


We  have  the  Largest  and  Most  Elegant  Jewelry  Store  in  Southern 

California,  and  would  cordially  invite  you  to  call  and  inspect  our  magnificent  stock. 

Diamonds,  Fine  Gold  Jewelry,  Sterling  Silver,   Silver. 
Plated   Wares,   Silver  Mounted   Leather 
Goods,  Beautiful  Enamel  Jewelry, 


Novelties  in  Sterling  Silver, 
Opera  Glasses. 


OUR    ANGEL    SPOON 

Made  in  Coffee,  Tea  and  Orange  Spoons. 

Design  Patented — Beware  of  Imitations. 
Montgomery  Bros.,  Jewelers  and  Silversmiths, 
1^0-1^2  North  Spring  St..  I.08  Angeles,  Cal. 


Eyes  Tested 

FREE 


ONLY  DIRECT  IMPORTERS  OF 


By  a  Regular  Graduate.  Solid  Gold  Frames,  $2.85. 
The  best  I^enses  made,  per  pair,  $1.50. 

BOSTON     OPTICAL     CO., 
Tel.  1409.  5428  Went  Second   St. 

Bet.  Spring  and  Broadway. 


$10 


PER     ACRE 

FOR     FINE     LANDS 

IN  THE 


$10 


FANITA  RANCHO 

EL   CAJON   VALLEY 

1669  Acres  for     -     .     $18,000 
1420  Acres  for     -     -     $12,000 

Smaller  Tracts  for  $30  to  $80  per  acre. 

WILL  GROW  ANYTHING. 

This  property  is  twelve  miles  from  the  city  of 
San  Diego  and  two  miles  from  Cuyamaca  Rail, 
road.  It  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Hosmer  P. 
McKoon,  and  will  be  sold  at  the  appraised  value. 

For  further  information  address 

i 
FANNIE  M.  McKOON,  Executrix.  | 

Santee,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal.    ! 


AN   IJPTO  IM 


LDWAPDS 
l&JOnNSON 


49"  Send  for  up-to-date  Catalogue,  just  issued. 

KDWARDS  A  J(»HNSON, 

11.3  North  Main  Street,  l.o«  Angelen. 


COMMERCIAL  HOTEL, 


iiiin^^niiiii 


m 


PHOENIX, 

ARIZONA 


The  Leading  Hotel 

OF  ARIZONA 

100  Rooms,  New,  Clean  and 
Well  Ventiteted. 

Arranged   throughout  with 

special  reference  to  the 

Traveling  Public. 


->  ? 


ft*: 


ll 


Suites  of  rooms  f  i 


ilicS 


GEO.  H.  N.  I.UHK8, 

PKOPRIETOK. 


PlcMC  tneotlon  that  you  "  mw  it  in  the  Lakd  or  Sukshiks. 


CV>.rf.i4 


MECCA    OF    ALL    TOURISTS. 


^  ^^  .  1 


THE    DRIEST    MARINE    CLIMATE    IN    THE    ^WORLD. 


Vol.  IV,  No.  4 


TV^KRCH,   159< 


mi  ELLERY  GHflNNING'S    "LS"' 


SUMSHIMC   PUS  CO 


0 


CENTS      LAND  OF  SUNSHINE  PUBUSHING  CO., 

INCORPORATED 

A  COPY  501-503  Stimson  Building. 


$1 


A 
YEA 


MOW    OPE/S 


PASADENA'S     MAGNIFICENT     MORESQUE     PALACE 


HOTEL  G-REE/N 


The  newest  and  finest  Hotel  in  Los 
Angeles  County.  Tennis  Court,  Bil- 
liard Room,  Private  Theatre,  Eleva- 
tors, Electric  Lights,  Gardens, Reading 
and  Writing  Rooms,  Conservatory, 
_  Promenade, Orchestra.  Overscosunny 

HOTEL  GREEN,   PASADENA,   CAL,.  --q2r  ^-^       a„d    spacious    Rooms,    with    private 

Parlors  and  Bath  Rooms,    Convenient  to  three  lines  of  steam  railway;  Los  Angeles  and  Pasadena 
Electric  Cars  pass  the  door.      Every  Modern  Convenience.     Only  f  irst-Class  Hotel  in  Pasadena. 


G.     G.    G-RBE/M,    Owner. 


J.     H.     ■HOLMES,     Manager. 


This  Three-year-old 
rides  a 


r 


165— BUT 

THERE'S 

NOTHINQ 

PETTEK 

AT 

ANY 

PRICE 

ftRIHIK  S.  BEN! 

651  Broadusay 
Near  7th 


HOTOL       PKLOTV^KReS 


POMONA,  CALIFORNIA 


A  strictly  first-class  house  ol 
130  large  rooms,  elegantly  fur- 
nished. Situated  on  the  main 
lines  of  the  Southern  Pacific  and 
Santa  F6  Railways,  32  miles  east 
of  Los  Angeles.  Rates,  I2.50  to 
$3.50  per  day;  I12.50  to  liy-Sopc 
week. 

V.  D.  SIMMS,  Manager. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  In  the  Land  of  Sunsbiitk.' 


YOU  WILL  KIND  THE 


HOLLE/NBECK 


PRHBCQINAflTUY 

'^he  most  centrally  lo- 
cated, best  appointed 
and  best  kept  Botel 
in  the  city. 

^American    or    Euro- 
pean Plan. 

Rates   reasonable. 

Second  and  ... 

Spring  Streets 

Los  Angeles*  Cat. 


The  Headquarters  in  Lies    Angeles    for    the    Tourist    Travel 


City 
Property 


WOOD  &  CHURCH 


Country 
Property 


liir     nCCCD     8,000  acres  at  |i 2  per  acre  ;  27.000  acres  at  S33,  aud  12,000  acres  at  $33  per  acre 
flL     Urriln    with  abundanceof  water  and  very  desirable  for  COLONY  PURPOSES, 
Wc  have  a  fine  list  of  Los  Angeles  and  Pasadena  »   .y  property;  some  are  bargains. 
Mortgages  and  Bonds  for  Sale. 

123  S.  Broadway,  Pasadena  Office, 

L.OS  Angeles,  Cal.  16  S.  Raymond  Ave. 


HOTEL  pLEASANTON 

Cor.   SUTTER  and  JONES  Sts 

5ar>  prao(:i8c:o,  C;al. 


special  Rates  to  Tourists. 

Centrally  Located. 

Cuisine  Perfect. 
I  The  Leading  Family  and  Tourist 
I  Hotel  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 


O.  n.  BKENNAN. 


PlcMe  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  STTKSBiint." 


OCEAN    BATHING    IN    WINTER 


North  Beach  Warm  Plunge,  Santa  Monica,  Cal. 


Is  a  novelty  that  you  can  enjoy  no- 
where in  the  United  States  except  in 
Southern  California. 

AT    SANTA   MONICA 

THE 

BIG  PLUNGE 

is  warm  every  day  in  the  year,  and 

lots  of  people  go  in  the  ocean,  too. 
The  North  Beach  Bath  House  is 

equipped  with  fine  wool  bath  suits 
and  comfortable  rooms.     The 

HOT  SALT  BATHS   IN    PORCE- 
LAIN TUBS 

offer  perfection  of  comfort  and  scru- 
pulous cleanliness. 
4^  "Write  East    that    You  have 
been  gwimining  in  mid-winter. 


$10 


PER     ACRE 

FOR     FINE     LANDS 

IN  THE 


$10 


FANITA  RANCHO 

EL  CAJON  VALLEY 

1669  Acres  for     -     .     $18,000 
1420  Acres  for     -     -     $12,000 

Smaller  Tracts  for  $30  to  $80  per  acre. 

WILL  GROW  ANYTHING. 

This  property  is  twelve  miles  from  the  city  of 
San  Diego  and  two  miles  from  Cuyamaca  Rail- 
road. It  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Hosmer  P. 
McKoon,  and  will  be  sold  at  the  appraised  value. 

For  further  information  address 

FANNIE  M.  McKOON,  Executrix. 

Santee,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal. 


ECHO    MOUNTAIN    HOUSE 

, ___  .  NEVERCLOSES.  Best  of  ser- 
vice the  year  round.  Purest  of  water, 
most  equable  climate,  with  best  hotel 
in  Southern  California.  Ferny  glens, 
babbling  brooks  and  shady  forests 
within  ten  minutes'  walk  of  the  house. 
Electric  ;^transportation  from  Echo 
Mountain  House  over  the  Alpine 
Division  to  Crystal  Springs.  The 
grandest  mountain,  caiion,  ocean  and 
valley  scenery  on  earth.  Livery 
stables  at  Echo  Mountain ,  Altadena 
Junction  and  Crystal  Springs.  Special 
rates  to  excursions,  astronomical, 
moonlight,  searchlight  parties,  ban- 
quets and  balls.  Full  information  at 
office  of 

MOUNT  LOWE  RAII.WAY, 

Cor.  Third  and  Spring  streets,  Los 
Angeles.  Grand  Opera  House  Block, 
Pasadena,  Cal.  Echo  Mountain  House 
Postofl5ce,  Echo  Mountain,  California. 

View  of  the  City  on  the  Mountain,  and  of  the  Valley  from  the  Alpine  Division 
of  the  Mt    Lowe  Railway. 

Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  op  SaNSHiNE." 


The  Land  of  Sunshine 

Contents— March,  1896. 

PAGB 

A  California  Live-Oak,  frontispiece 

On  Mt.  San  Jacinto  (illustrated)  by  Bertrand  H.  Wentworth 151 

Southwestern  Types — A  Street  Arab  (illustration) 159 

The  Pepper  Tree  (poem),  by  Julia  Boynton  Green 160 

Old  Los  Angeles  and  the  Plaza  (illustrated),  by  Mary  M.  Bowman...  160 

In  Exile  (poem) 163 

The  Wind  and  the  Holly  Tree  (poem),  by  Blanche  Trask 164 

The  Coahuia  Food-Getter  (illustrated),  by  D.  P.  Barrows 164 

Wachtel  and  His  Work  (illustrated) 168 

La  France  Roses  (poem),  by  Nancy  K.  Foster 172 

The  Founders  of  Los  Angeles 173 

On  the  Alpine  Division,  Mt.  Lowe  Ry.  (illustration) 174 

The  Madness  of  the  Rector  (story),  by  Grace  Ellery  Channing 175 

Don  Coyote  (illustrated),  by  C.  F.  Holder 179 

The  Landmarks  Club 181 

The  Blond  Wizard,  by  Eve  Lummis 182 

In  the  Lion's  Den  (by  the  Editor) 183 

Teaching  the  Old  Idea— Back  from  the  Dead— Alone  in  Its  Glory— It  Cuts 

Both  Ways— The  Fetich  of  Print. 

That  Which  is  Written  (by  the  Editor) 186 

What  the  Animals  Have  Done  for  Man— New  Impossibles— Notes. 

Claremont  (illustrated) 189 

Chula  Vista  (illustrated) 193 

Sierra  Madre  (illustrated) 195 


Interesting  Books  About  California. 

Gems  of  California  Scenery,  12  half-tone  engravings,  5x8  inches. ...|  25 

Souvenir  of  Los  Angeles,  34  photogravures 25 

Los  Angeles,  the  California  Summerland,  17  8x10 pages,  37  photogravures  50 

Southern  California,  Van  Dyke,  12  mo.  cloth 50 

A  Truthful  Woman  in  California,  Kate  Sanborn 75 

Our  Italy,  Charles  Dudley  Warner  (illustrated,  quarto) 2  50 

California  Wild  Flowers,  oblong  folio i  00 

The  real  things,  pressed  and  mounted. 

The  Land  of  Poco  Tiempo,  Chas.  F.  Lummis 2  50 

And  all  other  works  by  Lummis. 

Stories  of  the  Foothills,  Margaret  Collier  Graham,  of  Pasadena i  25 

Mariposilla,  Mrs.  Chas.  Stewart  Daggert,  of  Pasadena i  25 

California  Mountains,  by  John  Muir i  50 

"  People  of  brains  and  heart  will  read  this  book  and  love  its  author." 

Among  the  Pueblo  Indians,  by  Eickmeyer,  (illustrated) i  75 

Helen  Hunt  Jackson's  world-famous  "  Ramona,"  cloth i  25 

Any  of  the  above  books,  as  well  as  any  book  published,  sent  post- 
paid upon  receipt  of  price. 

STOLL  &  THAYER  CO., 
Booksellers  and  Stationers,  139  Spring  St.,  Dry  son  Block, 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


4& 


We  Sell  the  Earth '' 


*^7^?^ 


BASSETT  &  SmiTH 


F>07U50NK 


ARF  yOl  I  ^°°^^°g  ^°^  *  Home  ?  Are  you  looking  for 
an  Investment  ?  Do  you  want  to  locate  in 
one  of  the  Finest  Spots  on  this  Earth?  Our  opinion  is 
that  that  spot  is  the  POMONA  VAIil^EY.  There  may 
be  equals,  but  no  superiors. 

We  have  for  sale  in  this  valley,  and  elsewhere,  Olive 
Orchards,  Liemon  Orchards,  Orange  Orchards,  also 
orchards  of  Prune,  Peach,  Plum,  etc.,  etc.,  large  or 
small;  also  Stock  Ranches,  Bee  Ranches,  and  large 
tracts  of  L.and  for  Colony  purpose.  We  believe  the  OI.IVE  INDUSTRY  will  make  one 
of  the  best  paying  investments  on  this  coast.    We  now  have  for  sale  the  noted 

Hou^land  Olive  l^aneh  and   Olive  Oil  Plant 

150  Acres  with  fine  Olive  Oil  Mill;  income  last  year  over  $8,000.     For  Information  or  Descrip- 
tive Matter  about  California  or  any  of  her  industries,  call  on  or  address 


^"-pTmoSF-v^" 


BASSETT  &  SMITH 

"Pomona,  Cal 


bLSIQMiriQ  AND<MB055ING 
m^J  (LA3^  WORK  OUARE»NT>&&D-^" 


Please  mention  that  you  •'  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


The  Water  that's  Piped  to  You 


Coronado 


Is  good  in  its  place — note  the  green  lawns— but  don't 
drink  it.     It  isn't  Coronado. 

is  refreshing  and  curative,  and  all  the 
111     -  best  Hotels  and  dealers  sell  it.    Sold 

ft  dl6r««««      i^  i|-3  carbonated  form  in  bottles  and 
syphons  through  the  main  office. 

Coronado  Water  Company 

Coronado  Beach 

— "DEPOTS — 

W.  L.  WHEDON.  C.  B.  RODE  &  CO.,  HUTCHENS, 

114  W.  First  St..  318  Battery  St.,  38  E.  Colorado  St., 

Los  Angeles  San  Francisco  Pasadena 


HOTEL  VINCENT 


E.  C.  JONES 


E.  W.  JONES 

PflQP. 


615  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES.  CAL. 


Tel.  1389 


New  Throughout.  Radiators  throughout  the  hotel.  Private  and  public  baths.  Gas  and  electricity. 
Full  hotel  service.  Rooms  single  or  en  suite,  by  the  day,  week  or  month.  Transient  patronage  solic- 
ited.   Terms  the  best  in  the  city.    200  feet  of  sunny  frontage.    European  Plan. 


LOS    ANGELES 

DIRECTORY  CO 

(iNCORPOMATCo) 


GEO.  W.  MAXWELL,  Pres.  and  Mgr. 

432  Stimson  Block,  Los  Angeles 

Telephone  1380 


Pabllsh«rii  of  .>1AX\VKLL'»  LOS  ANGELES  CITY  DIKKCTOKY    uiul    <iA/.Ki  i  k-AAl 
OF  HOVTHERN  CALIFORNIA. 

A  complete  Directory  of  the  residents  of  the  City  of  Los  Angeles,  a  classified  Business  Directory 
of  Los  Angeles,  and  a  Business  Directory  of  every  town  in  the  seven  counties  of  Southern  California. 

Next  issue  to  be  ready  for  delivery  about  April  Iftth,  1890. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshinb." 


WHEN  YOU  VISIT 

SAN    DIEGO 

REMEMBER    .  .  . 


Ml  MM 


RATES 

$2.50  PER  DAY 

AND    UP 


T^imcrlcan  Plan  Only.  Centrally 
located.  Elevators  and  fire  escapes.  Baths, 
hot  and  cold  water  in  all  suites.  Modern  con- 
veniences. Fine  large  sample  rooms  for  com- 
mercial travelers. 


FOR  SALE. 


Special  to  the  Land  of  Sunshine.— 6-room 
modern  new  Colonial  cottage.  Hall,  bath,  hot 
and  cold  water,  patent  water  closet,  fine  mantel, 
lawn,  street  graded,  etc.  Only  $2,500.  Terms, 
$500,  cash;  balance  monthly.  One  of  many  good 
homes  in  Los  Angeles  for  sale.  Before  you  buy, 
see  J.M.  TAYLOR  AGO.,  103  S.  Broadway. 


CALIFORNIA    WINE    MERCHAIN 

We  will  ship  two  sample  cases  assorted 
wines  (one  dozen  quarts  each)  to  any  part 
of  the  United  States,  Freight  Prepaid, 
upon  the  recipt  of  $9.00.  Pints  ( 24  in 
case),  50  cents  per  case  additional.  We 
will  mail  full  list  and  prices  upon  applica- 
tion. 

Respectfully, 

C.  F.  A.  LAST, 

131  N.  Main  St., 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


HOTEL  Al^eADIA,  Santa  Monica,  Cal 

The  only  first-class  ar, 
tourist  hotel  in  this, 
the  leading  coast  re- 
sort of  the  Pacific.  150 
pleasant  rooms,  large 
»nd  airy  ball  room, 
beautiful  lawn  and 
flower  gardens.  Mag- 
n  i  fi  c  e  n  t  panoramic 
view  of  the  sea.  First- 
class  orchestra.  Surf 
bathing  unexcelled, 
and  private  salt  water 
baths  in  bath  house 
belonging    to     Hotel. 

S.    REINHART 

Proprietor 
Time  from  Los  An- 

feles  by  Santa  F6  or 
.  P.  R.R.  35  minutes. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


Rancho  Los  Palos  Verdes 


About  2000  acres  of  this  famous 
old  rancho  is  offered  to  colonists 
or  investor.  It  is  fine  Ffuit 
and  Gi»ain  Ltand,  with  abundance  of  excellent  water  (but  irrigation  is  not  necessary). 
Los  Palos  Verdes  is  but  i6  miles  from  the  thriving  city  of  Los  Angeles,  and  xYz  miles 
from  San  Pedro  harbor,  the  future  seaport  of  the  Southwest.  Price  for  the  tract,  $35 
per  acre.  Call  or  address  W.  I.  HOLLINGHWORXH  &  CO.,  Agents, 
Inside  and  Outside  Real  Estate,  319K  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
General  Agents  Hathaway 's  WOOD  LAWN     ^  ^igli  grade  city  residence  tract. 


WOODLAWN,  THE  NEW  RESIDENCE  TRACT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

Call  on  Owner  for  Information,  at 

31J)>^   Soutli   Broadway,  I^os  Angreles,  CJal. 


HAWLEY,    KING  &  CO.  ""'^  ^bIc^cII:!^  *'"' 


210  NORTH  MAIN  STREET 


LOS  ANGELES.  GAL. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  or  Sumshikb. 


HOTEL  VENDOME 


SRT4.  JOSE, 

CfllilFOl^NIA 


Charming  Summer  and  Winter  Resort. 
Sunny  Sl^ies.     Climate  Unsurpassed. 

HeoflQuoners  lor  oil  Toorisis  lo  ine  Greai  Lick  ODseniolory. 


THIS  BEAUTIFUL  HOTEL 
IS  SITUATED  IN  THE  WON- 
DERFUL SANTA  CLARA  VAL- 
LEY. THE  "garden  of  the 
WORLD   " 

In  a  word  the  Vendome  is  Modern,  Comfortable,  Homelike  ;  is  First-Class  in  every  respect,  and 
so  are  its  patrons.    Write  for  rates  and  Illustrated  Souvenir. 


GEO.  P.  SNELL,  Manager, 


1 

1 

r^  ^^Jk^WwC  *3P 

\ 

St«W ^     /   / 

i 

w 

1  CNORAVIN€ 
p  COMPANY 

1 

WE  make  highest  grade  half-tones  and  zinc 
etchings.  Original  designs  and  up  to  date 
ideas  in  piinting  plates  for  all  purposes.  Souve- 
nirs, book  covers  and  catalogues,  labels,  wrap- 
pers, cartoons  and  ads  for  newspapers.  Every- 
thing you  applv  cuts  to  for  illustration. 

Union  Photo  Engraving  Co., 

121^^  S.  Broadway,  I^os  Angeles. 


E.  W.  GRANNIS,  GROCER 

1111   WEST  ADAMS  ST.       TEL.  WEST  1  36 

BEST    STORE    IN    SOUTHWEST    LOS    ANGELES. 

The  largest  and  finest  stock,  the  best  facilities.    Orders  by  mail  given  prompt  attention. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  I.and  of  Sunshinb. 


wv  or  mp:     -^ 

|U5riVBR3ITY 


THE     LANDS     OF    THE     SUN     EXPAND     THE     SOUL. 


Vol.  4    No.  4. 


LOS  ANGELES 


MARCH,  1896. 


Oat  Mt,  San  Jacinto. 


BY    BERTRAND    H.     WENTWORTH. 


HE  San  Gorgonio  Pass  —  that  natural  gateway  from 
the  Yuma  desert  to  the  fertile  valleys  of  Southern 
California  —  divides  the  ranges  of  San  Bernardino 
and  San  Jacinto,  and  is  remarkable  for  its  low  alti- 
tude. That  part  of  it  between  the  San  Bernardino 
range  on  the  one  hand,  and  Mt.  San  Jacinto  on 
the  other,  is  at  its  summit  only  2700  feet  above  the 
sea.  It  is  a  flat,  straight  and  narrow  way  —  only  a 
few  miles  in  breadth  at  its  widest  part. 

At  its  eastern  extreme  its  altitude  is  little  more  than  1000  feet  — and 
yet  on  the  one  side  Mt.  "Greyback,"  11,725  feet  high,  crowds  his  red 
foot-hills  close  to  the  sands,  while  San  Jacinto,  opposite,  rises  within  ten 
miles,  nearly  10,000  feet  above  his  immediate  base.  Only  a  few  miles 
from  the  foot  of  the  mountain,  the  desert  is  actually  below  sea  level. 

The  pedestrian,  therefore,  who  struggles  from  Whitewater  station 
through  the  flat  sands  of  the  Pass,  in  the  face  of  a  tropical  wind,  may 
see  snow-streaked  peaks  close  by,  looking  invitingly  down  on  him. 

If  he  accepts  their  challenge,  he  will  not  have  gone  far  toward  San 
Jacinto  mountain  before  he  comes  upon  the  last  traces  of  a  hundred 
mountain  streams,  disappearing  in  the  sands —  unable,  though  they  have 
joined  their  waters,  to  slake  the  great  thirst  of  the  desert.  Following 
up  the  course  of  the  stream,  which  increases  in  size  as  he  advances,  he 
will  come,  after  a  little,  to  the  edge  of  a  great  field  of  boulders,  lying 
between  the  spurs  of  the  mountain  —  mute  records  of  the  ponderous 
activities  of  remote  ages.  In  the  edge  of  the  boulder-field,  his  reflections 
upon  the  earth's  long,  long  story  will  be  interrupted  as  he  comes  to  a 
little  house,  overshadowed  by  a  great  boulder,  thirty  feet  high,  so  cracked 
as  to  form  a  series  of  caves  which  have  been  cleverly  adapted  as  a 
part  of  the  unique  dwelling.  A  live-oak  growing  at  the  arch  of  one  of 
the  caves  relieves  the  ruggedness  of  its  walls.  A  noisy  brook,  diverted 
from  the  creek,  tumbles  over  the  rocks  near  by. 

Ulnstratad  from  photoa  by  tb*  author. 


Copjrrifht  18M  bjr  Und  of  Sanshin*  PublinhioK  Tn 


152  LAND    or  SUNSHINE. 

From  the  veranda  one  sees  (at  the  left,  close  at  hand,  and  at  the  right 
a  mile  or  more  away)  low,  rocky  spurs  of  the  mountain  enclosing  the 
boulder-field,  which  broadens  with  a  gentle  slope  from  the  angles  of  the 
lower  peaks  to  the  level  of  the  white  sands  of  the  Pass  —  beyond  which 
the  San  Bernardino  range  unrolls  in  one  great  panorama  its  barren, 
brown  foot-hills,  timbered  mountains,  and  snow-crowned  peaks. 

Ivate  in  an  afternoon  of  June  I  arrived  at  this  hospitable  mountain 
home,  "  La  Cueva,"  after  a  long  walk  across  the  sands  in  the  face  of  a 
hot,  cutting  wind.  The  camera  slung  across  my  shoulders  revealed  to 
my  host  the  purpose  of  my  visit ;  and  as  the  evening  deepened  into  night 
we  planned  our  attacks  on  the  fortressed  peaks  behind  us. 

Refreshed  by  sound  sleep  in  the  open  air,  we  were  on  our  way  across 
the  boulder-field  toward  the  caiions  while  the  early  morning  rays  were 
still  rose-colored  and  mild.  As  we  approached  the  nearer  peaks  the  out- 
look became  more  impressive.  To  the  mountain-climber  who  has 
observed  how  low  peaks  screen  higher  ones  behind  them,  it  will  be 
suggestive  to  read  that  the  snow-streaked  summit,  10,967  feet  high, 
now  only  six  or  seven  miles  away,  horizontally  measured,  was  in  full  view 
despite  the  presence  of  inferior  peaks  between.  The  amateur  photo- 
grapher will  gain  some  idea  of  the  abruptness  of  the  rise  when  he  is  told 
that  only  with  difficulty  were  sky  lines  introduced  in  vertical  general  views. 

We  made  our  way  slowly  across  the  boulders  to  the  line  of  sycamores 
shading  the  pools  of  Falls  Creek  ;  and  keeping  near  its  banks  we  soon 
entered  Falls  Creek  Canon.  Here  on  the  one  side  a  spur  of  the  mountain 
rises  at  a  very  steep  grade  to  about  4000  feet ;  on  the  other,  a  literal  wall 
towers  about  fifteen  hundred  feet.  A  pebble  may  easily  be  cast  into  the 
creek  from  the  crest  of  the  precipice.  A  mile  from  its  foot  the  canon 
terminates  suddenly  at  La  Cueva  Falls.  No  good  point  could  be 
reached  in  its  depths  for  a  general  view  of  them.  No  sky  line  was 
obtainable,  even  from  the  crest  of  the  precipice,  since  it  was  necessary 
to  tip  the  camera  down  to  include  the  whole  series  in  the  picture.  The 
effect  of  this  was  "flatness,"  so  that  the  true  proportions  are  not 
accurately  reproduced.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  camera  was 
more  than  a  thousand  feet  above  the  creek,  that  the  point  of  view  was  not 
less  than  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  head  of  the  principal  fall,  and  that 
the  total  fall  pictured  is  about  eight  hundred  feet. 

These  facts  being  remembered,  the  view  will  serve  to  show  the  char- 
acter of  the  caiions  of  the  northern  slope  of  San  Jacinto  up  to  an  altitude 
of  2,000  to  4,000  feet.  In  general  they  are  not  less  rockv  and  steep  than 
the  part  here  shown.  Nevertheless  they  are  for  a  considerable  distance 
more  easily  ascended  than  the  mountain  sides  between  them.  In  these 
altitudes,  greasewood,  live-oak,  rosewood,  sage-brush,  and  many  varieties 
of  cactus  grow  to  some  extent  almost  everywhere  —  quite  thickly  in 
favoring  places.  Alders,  sycamores  and  bay  trees,  grape  vines,  mosses 
and  grasses,  flourish  along  the  water  courses.  Rock  wrens  (bold  little 
fellows)  and  mountain  quail  start  up  from  the  path  of  the  climber. 
Graceful  swallows  dart  over  his  head  in  the  caiions,  and  hawks  and 
vultures  fly  in  lazy  circles  high  4bpv§  him.     Swifts  and  lizards  of  many 


ON    MT.    SAN    JACINTO. 


15: 


sizes  and  colors  look  curiously 
at  him  from  the  rocks,  and  dart 
silently  away  at  first  suspicion 
of  danger.  Cicadas  join  their 
dry,  penetrating  notes  to  the 
whistling  of  the  winds,  which 
bear  to  the  distended  nostrils  of 
the  climber  the  fragrance  of  the 
artemisia. 

In  the  course  of  our  first  day's 
explorations,  we  succeeded  in 
reaching  the  basin  at  the  foot  of 
the  principal  fall  of  the  "La 
Cueva  "  series.  The  cliffs  form 
a  wall  around  it  about  150  feet 
in  diameter  —  complete,  except 
the  narrow  passage  where  the 
water  escapes  to  make  its  next 
headlong  leap.  Three  hundred 
feet  above  this  basin,  the  water, 
plunging  over  the  cliffs,  sparkles 
brilliantly  in  the  noonday  sun. 
A  cool,  spray-laden  breeze  des- 
cends with  the  water,  compel- 
ling the  trees  in  the  mouth  of 
the  gorge  to  put  out  all  their  branches  to  leeward.  Can  you  imagine  a 
more  tempting  resting  place  than  by  the  edge  of  this  rippling  pool, 
singing  its  endless  welconie  to  tumbling  waters? 


L   A.  Ku,i    Cu.  LA   CUEVA    FALLS. 

"  The  camera  was  more  than  ItHX)  feet  above  the  creek  .  . 
ana  not  less  than  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  principal  tall 
The  total  fall  pictured  is  about  800  feet." 


A.fDK  Co. 


WHORN   PEAK,   AND   THK  SUMMIT  OF  SAN   JACINTO    (iN   J U N e\ 


154 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


Four  days  we  explored  canons  similar  to  this  one — each  rocky  and  wild 
beyond  description,  each  abounding  in  shaded  pools  of  crystal  water,  and 
noisy  cascades,  and  each  effectually  blocking  the  climber  at  last  with  a 


series  of  great  waterfalls.  That  which  has  been  pictured  and  a  little 
described,  is  typical  of  all  of  the  approaches  from  the  San  Gorgonio  Pass. 
For  the  first  few  miles  the  ascent,  though  extremely  difficult,  is  less 


ON    MT.    SAN    JACINTO. 


155 


arduous  in  the  canons  than  on  the  slopes  of  the  peaks  which  separate 
them.  Whether  one  advances  in  Falls  Creek  Caiion,  or  in  the  carions  of 
Snow  Creek  and  its  several  forks,  one  comes  sooner  or  later  to  an  impas- 


L.  A.  En(.  Co. 


DETAIL  OF      BROKEN-CHAIN  FALL. 
East  Fork  of  Snow  CrMk. 


sable  series  of  waterfalls.  Thence  to  the  higher  altitudes  one's  course 
will  be,  now  less  difficult  on  the  slopes,  now  again  in  the  canons.  The 
highest  point  is  inaccessible  by  any  of  these  avenues ;  and  the  more 
ambitious  climber  not  content  to  employ  his  time  in  close  companionship 


156 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


with  the  beauties  of  the  lower  altitudes,  will  have  to  take  a  very  circuit- 
ous route  if  he  makes  the  ascent  from  the  north. 

One  day,  while  ascending  the  middle  fork  of  Snow  Creek,  we  came 
upon  a  barrier  at  the  converging  point  of  four  especially  precipitous 
canons.  A  great  boulder  choked  up  the  entire  space  between  the  walls, 
and  divided  the  creek  into  two  waterfalls,  which  met  again  in  an  emerald 
pool  beneath  it.  We  were  compelled  to  turn  back  here,  having  traveled 
only  about  two  miles  in  six  hours.  Once,  being  blocked  on  the  mountain 
side,  we  descended  a  convenient  tree  to  the  cafion  again.  In  another 
place  we  slid  twenty  feet  over  a  smooth,  sloping  ledge,  checking  and 
changing  our  course  to  avoid  a  plunge  into  a  deep,  churning  pool,  by 
grasping  an  overhanging  branch  midway  the  slide. 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co. 


THE  NEEDLES. 


Another  day  we  pushed  our  way  up  the  Kast  Fork  of  Snow  Creek  to 
the  snow.  The  manzanita  and  other  brush,  half  dead,  half  alive,  all 
abattis-like,  obstinate  and  unyielding,  increased  the  difficulties  of  climb- 
ing ;  so  that  though  we  started  at  sunrise,  it  was  two  o'clock  when  we 
reached  our  destination.  As  we  gained  the  saddleback  of  the  last  ridge 
which  lay  in  our  course,  the  snow-filled  canon  was  in  full  view.  The 
mercury  stood  at  98°.  We  had  been  climbing — nay,  "shinning"  is  a 
better  word  —  for  eight  hours  ;  but  who  could  yield  at  such  a  time  to  a 
sense  of  fatigue  ?  We  pushed  on  at  once  to  the  great  drift,  and  a  few 
minutes  later  we  entered  the  tunnel  worn  under  it  by  the  stream. 
Twenty  feet  of  dripping  snow  was  over  our  heads,  the  air  about  us  was 
near  the  freezing  point,  and  we  drank  flowing  ice  water  from  the  creek. 
The  tunnel  was  in  most  places  about  ten  feet  high  and  fifteen  feet  wide. 
The  eye  could  not  very  far  penetrate  its  darkness. 

We  were  at  the  base  of  one  of  those  long  columns  of  snow,  stretching 


ON    MT.    SAN    JACINTO. 


»57 


for  miles  down  from  the  summit,  which  appear  as  broad,  white  lines  in 
the  distance.  The  barometer  indicated  5450  feet  —  only  half-way  to  the 
summit  vertically  measured  ;  a  very  low  altitude  for  everlasting  snow,  as 
this  is  said  to  be,  in  a  semi-tropical  country.  The  caiion  extends,  how- 
ever, in  a  line  at  right  angles  to  the  course  of  the  sun,  and  its  high  walls 
shade  some  part  of  the  snow  nearly  all  day. 

We  ascended  along  the  icy  pathway  a  thousand  feet  or  so,  to  a  water- 
fall mysteriously  appearing  from  the  snow  above  —  immediately  lost  to 
view  in  that  below.  From  the  caiion  walls,  which  stood  about  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  apart,  the  snow  was  melted  away  a  few  feet.  We 
crept  carefully  to  the  edge  of  this  crevice  between  granite  and  snow, 
and  looked  down  into  the  darkness  below.  We  could  only  guess  at  the 
depth  of  the  snow.     It  would  average  perhaps  fifty  feet  ;  in  many  places 


I.    *    Kiig,  C...  ONE  OF    THE    t.:.  .AMS. 

"Theba««of  one  of  these  long  columns  of  Rn>>w    stretcliiiiK  for  miles  down  from  the  summit." 
The  arch  under  the  snow  (the  black  spot  in  the  central  foreground)  is  10  feet  high. 

it  was  doubtless  a  hundred  feet  deep.  It  was  a  place  to  resume  the 
reflections  suggested  by  the  boulder-field  at  the  foot  of  the  mountain. 
Below  were  the  silent  evidences  of  work  done  in  forgotten  ages  ;  here 
the  same  forces  were  at  work,  though  feebly.  Fresh  traces  of  the  winter's 
devastation  of  snow  slides  and  rolling  boulders  on  the  slopes,  rocks 
weighing  a  ton  lightly  carried  on  the  snow,  others  freshly  broken,  as  if 
by  dynamite,  tumbled  in  great  heaps  in  the  bed  of  the  creek— here  were 
object-lessons  in  the  making  of  mountains  not  readily  forgotten. 

From  a  commanding  point  near  the  snow  half-way  up  the  mountain, 
we  see,  as  from  an  upper  balcony,  the  canon  whose  creek  is  fed  by  the 
snow  we  have  ju.st  left.  The  Pass  far  below  is  painted  with  waving  white 
lines  traced  by  springtime  rivers.  The  San  Bernardino  range  beyond 
has  grown  higher  as  we  have  ascended  —  yet  over  its  crest  we  view  the 
dead  yellow-white  of  the   Mojave  desert.     The  spurs  of  San  Jacinto, 


158  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

escaping  our  attention  at  first,  are  now  shrunken  from  their  grand  pro- 
portions to  mere  knolls.  The  slopes  above  them  which  from  late  conflict 
we  know  to  be  steep  and  rocky,  look  flat  and  smooth.  Near  the  base  of 
the  mountains  they  are  almost  destitute  of  vegetation.  Farther  up,  the 
brush  becomes  thicker  and  higher,  until  in  the  altitudes  about  us  it  is 
almost  impenetrable. 

Turning  from  this  vast  prospect  below,  we  see  about  us  the  granite- 
cragged  peaks  seeming  to  rise  almost  vertically.  A  little  higher  the  gray 
granite  is  darkened  by  the  sombre  foliage  of  the  pine  forests.  Above  all, 
the  bare  ledges  and  the  snow-streaked  summit  —  their  challenge  still 
before  us. 

Not  the  least  of  the  beauties  of  the  mountain  are  those  of  the  timbered, 
slopes.  It  required  the  greater  part  of  a  day  to  reach  the  dignified  pines 
at  the  northwest  of  the  summit,  and  we  camped  for  the  night  in  their 
midst.  It  would  here  be  first  observed  by  those  familiar  only  with  East- 
ern forests,  that  the  trees  stand  far  apart,  grove-like,  affording  long  vistas, 
broken  here  and  there  by  rocky  hills.  There  is  no  undergrowth ;  but 
for  the  carpet  of  brown  needles,  the  great  pine  cones  and  dead  trees  and 
branches  scattered  about,  the  ground  would  be  quite  bare.  But  there  is 
many  a  little  babbling  brook,  lined  with  flowers  and  mosses  and  shrubs 
of  rare  beauty  and  freshness,  and  now  and  then  one  comes  upon  a  little 
dell  of  ferns  and  plants  of  the  richest  and  brightest  green — all  the  more 
beautiful  because  the  light  of  the  semi- tropic  sun  is  sifted  and  softened 
in  the  dark  greetj  trees  above.  We  have  the  soft  green  of  the  ferns,  in 
place  of  the  white  glare  of  the  granite  crags  ;  a  babbling  brook  instead 
of  a  roaring  cascade ;  sweet  fragrance  of  honeysuckles  replacing  the 
penetrating  odors  of  the  sage  ;  the  vistas  of  pine  against  the  great  mass 
of  the  mountain . 

Overpowering  as  was  my  first  impression  of  the  mountain  as  viewed 
from  the  Pass,  the  immensity  of  its  masses  had  grown  steadily  as  we 
ascended  to  the  higher  altitudes.  At  these  high  observation  points  the  vast 
area  of  the  peaks  and  canons  which  had  previously  come  under  observa- 
tion receded  to  its  proper  place  in  my  idea  of  San  Jacinto  as  a  mere 
fraction  of  his  great  whole  ;  and  San  Jacinto  himself,  even  though  my 
conception  of  his  grandeur  had  been  thus  augmented,  seemed  a  slight 
fragment  of  the  far-reaching  mountain  landscape  spread  before  us  when 
we  were  8,000  feet  up  his  rugged  slopes.  Mountains  which  lie  close  to 
the  Arizona  line  at  the  one  extreme  —  the  fogs  hanging  over  the  Pacific 
at  the  other,  and,  between,  the  vast  regiments  of  blue  peaks  fading  from 
their  own  azure  to  that  of  the  sky  —  broad  deserts  and  white  valleys 
dotted  here  and  there  with  the  dark  green  of  the  scattered  towns. 

Eventually,  however,  even  this  enlarged  conception  proves  insuflScient 
to  fill  the  mind,  which  strives  to  conceive  of  California  as  a  whole.  It 
will  be  remembered  that  within  her  borders  there  are  no  less  than  forty- 
five  peaks  with  an  altitude  of  10,000  feet  or  more.  Only  three  of  these, 
San  Antonio,  Greyback  and  San  Jacinto,  were  in  the  scope  of  our 
vision.     But  they  were  enough. 

EiTenide,  Cal. 


L.  A.  Kof .  C«. 


by  Percy  8.  Cox,  Iccoodido,  C*l. 
SOUTHWESTERN  TYPES.— A  STREET  ARAB. 


i6o 


The  Pepper  Tree. 

BY    JULIA    BOYNTON    CREEN. 

I  was  a  mermaid  once,  and  otherwhere. 
Have  you  divined  it  in  the  winter  rain 
With  all  my  branches  in  the  gale  astrain 
And  blown  to  utmost  length  my  sea-green  hair  ? 

Great  Neptune,  vexed — let  me  forget  the  ground  !- 
Devised  my  exile,  drave  me  shingle-ward ; 
And  here  I  fled,  irked  by  the  rosy  hoard 
Of  corals  wherewithal  my  braids  were  bound. 


Los  Angeles.  Cal. 


Old  Los  Angeles  and  the  Plaza 


BY    MARY    M.     BOWMAN. 

O  many,  even  at  home,  it  may  be  news  that  the  pres- 
ent plaza  of  the  city  of  Los  Angeles  is  not  the  origi- 
nal plaza  of  the  pueblo  founded  in  1781,  by  the 
humble  and  much  mixed  colonists  who  came  up 
from  Sonora  to  carry  out  the  plan  of  the  governor. 
It  lies  next  the  ground  first  chosen  and  used  for  the 
royal  square,  and  has  itself  been  used  for  some  sixty 
years,  so  that  it  is  really  entitled  to  that  full  respect 
which  is  due  the  Piaza  Real  of  every  Spanish- 
American  town  as  the  geographical  center,  and  the 

head  and  heart  of  the   religion,  politics  and  history  of  the  community. 

As  Prof.  J.  M.  Guinn  has  well  said  :^' 

"Neither  chance  nor  accident  entered  into  the  selection  of  the  site,  the  plan  or 
the  name  of  Los  Angeles.  All  these  had  been  determined  upon  years  before  a  colo- 
nist had  been   enlisted  to   make  the  settlement The  Spanish  poblador 

(colonist)  went  where  he  was  sent.     He  built  his  pueblo  after  a  plan  designated  by 

royal  teglamento  and  decreed  by  the  laws  of  the  Indies The  size  of  his 

fields  and  the  shape  of  his  house  lot  were  fixed  by  royal  decree. 

The  pueblo  plan  of  colonization  .  .  .  was  older  even  than  Spain  herself.  .  . 
The  common  square  in  the  center  of  the  town,  the  house  lots  grouped  around  it,  the 
arable  fields  and  the  common  pasture  lands  beyond,  appear  in  the  Aryan  village,  in 
the  ancient  German  mark  and  in  the  old  Roman  prsesidium.  .  .  .  This  form  ot 
colonization  was  a  combination  of  commercial  interests  and  individual  ownership. 
Primarily,  no  doubt,  it  was  adopted  for  protection  against  the  hostile  natives,  and, 
.secondly,  for  social  advantage.  It  reversed  the  order  of  our  own  Western  coloniza- 
tion. The  town  came  first,  it  was  the  initial  point  from  which  the  settlement  radi 
ated  ;  while  with  our  pioneers  the  town  was  an  afterthought— a  center  for  the  con- 
venience of  trade." 

When  Don  Felipe  de  Neve,  governor  of  the  Californias,  decided  to 
establish  two  pueblos  in  the  most  fertile  portions  of  his  province,  he 
made  a  wise  selection  of  sites — one  on  the  Rio  de  Guadalupe  in  the 
north  ;  another  on  the  Rio  de  Porciuncula  in  the  south.  The  former 
pueblo  was  founded  November  29th,  1777,  three-fourths  of  a  league 
southeast  of  the  Santa  Clara  Mission,  with  nine  soldiers  Irom  Monterey, 
and  fourteen  other  persons  and  their  families,  a  total  of  sixty-six  colo- 


*Publtcaiions  of  the  Historical  Society  of  Southern  California. 


OLD    LOS    ANGELES    AND    THE    PLAZA. 


i6[ 


nists.  It  was  christened  San  Jose  de  Guadalupe,  but  with  the  change 
of  the  name  of  the  river  to  San  Joaquin,  it  lost  half  its  own,  and  is 
known  now  as  San  Jos^. 

Governor  Neve  directed  his  lieutenant,  Capt.  Rivera  y  Moncada, 
to  proceed  to  Sinaloa  and  Sonora  in  the  lower  country,  to  recruit 
soldiers  and  colonists  for  the  Missions  to  be  founded  on  the  channel, 
(Santa  Barbara  and  San  Buenaventura)  and  the  southern  pueblo  on  the 
Porciuncula.  After  considerable  difficulty  in  obtaining  recruits  willing 
to  venture  into  an  unknown  region,  the  expedition  left  Loreto,  (Lower 
California)  March,  1781,  with  little  more  than  half  of  the  appointed 
number  of  settlers,  and  arrived  at  San  Gabriel  the  i8th  of  August. 
Governor  Neve  issued  instructions  for  founding  the  Pueblo  de  Nuestra 
Senora,   La  Reina  de  Los  Angeles,  on  the  26th  of  the  same  month. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


THE    PLAZA,    LOS   ANGELES. 


Photo.  l>y  Pierce 


According  to  these  instructions  a  spot  was  selected  to  dam  the 
river,  and  the  dam  was  built  (near  where  the  Bueua  Vista  street  bridge 
now  is).  A  ditch  was  made  to  irrigate  as  much  land  as  possible;  the 
pueblo  site  was  chosen  within  sight  of  the  fields  but  on  higher  ground  ; 
and  here  the  plaza  was  the  starting-point.     Says  Prof.  Guinn  [tdid]  : 

The  old  plaza  .  .  .  was  a  parallelojfrani  100  varas*  in  length  by  75  in  breadth. 
It  was  laid  out  with  its  corners  facing  the  cardinal  points  ol  the  compass,  and  with  its 
streets  running  at  right  angles  to  each  of  its  four  sides,  so  that  no  street  would  be 
swept  by  the  wind.  Two  streets,  each  10  varas  wide,  opened  out  on  the  longer  sides, 
■nd  three  on  each  of  the  shorter  sides.  Upon  three  sides  of  the  plaza  were  the  hou«»e 
lots,  20  X  40  varas  each,  fronting  on  the  square.  One-half  the  remaining  side 
was  reserved  for  a  gnard-house.  a  town-house  and  a  public   granary.  Around 

the  embryo  town,  a  few  vears  later,  was  built  an  adobe  wall— not  fo  much,  perhaps, 
for  protection  from  foreign  invasion  as  from  dome.stic  intrusion.  It  was  easier  to  wall 
in  the  town  than  to  fence  the  cattle  and  the  goats  that  pastured  outside. 

The  area  of  a  pueblo,  under  Spanish  rule,  was  four  square  leagues,  or  about  17,770 
acre*.  The  pueblo  lands  were  divided  into  solarrs  (house  lots),  suertet  (fields  for 
planting),  </M^jajroutside  pasture  lands), /71V/0*  (commons),  ^ro/ioj  ilands  rentr^l  or 
leaacd),  reatengas  (royal  lands)." 


*SpanUh  yards.    The  vara  is  31  inches. 


i62  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

Each  man  drew  by  lot  two  sueries*  or  planting-fields.  These  were 
200  varas  square.  The  colonists  numbered  44  (not  46  as  is  often  stated). 
Nine  of  these  were  heads  of  families  ;  and  each  paterfamilias  had  been 
furnished,  at  the  expense  of  the  royal  treasury,  with  a  pair  each  of 
oxen,  mules,  mares,  sheep,  goats  and  cows,  one  calf,  one  ass,  one  horse, 
and  the  necessary  branding- irons.  To  the  colony  were  also  furnished 
the  tools  for  cart-making. 

Within  a  year  the  founders  had  replaced  their  first  jacales  (huts  of 
chinked  palisade)  with  comfortable  adobe  houses  roofed  with  brea, 
hauled  in  carts  of  their  own  construction  from  the  spring  west  of  town. 
The  first  church — a  mere  chapel  25  x  30  feet — was  begun  in  1784,  and 
finished  in  five  years.  A  Franciscan  friar  from  San  Gabriel  came  to  say 
mass  on  Sundays  and  holidays.  It  stood  between  Buena  Vista  and  New 
High  streets,  fronting  on  the  old  plaza.  The  present  church  was  begun 
in  1814,  and  finished  in  1822.  It  was  enlarged  and  restored  in  1862  under 
the  pastorate  of  Father  Bias  Raho. 

September  14,  1781,  the  plaza  was  solemnly  dedicated  with  mass  by 
a  fraile  from  San  Gabriel  ;  with  salvos  of  musketry  ;  and  with  a  proces- 
sion which  circled  the  plaza,  bearing  a  cross,  the  standard  of  Spain  and 
the  image  of  Our  Lady.  The  plaza  and  the  solares  were  blessed,  and 
it  is  said  that  Governor  Neve  made  a  speech — the  first  in  Los  Angeles.f 

Time  and  the  changes  of  latter  years  have  obliterated  most  of  the 
original  boundaries,  though  the  outlines  of  the  old  first  church  can  still 
be  traced.     As  to  the  exact  location  of  the  first  plaza.  Prof.  Guinn  says  : 

"Its  southeast  corner  would  coincide  with  what  is  now  the  northeast  corner  of 
Marchessault  and  upper-Main  streets.  From  the  northeast  corner  of  these  streets, 
draw  a  line  northwest  one  hundred  varas  (275  feet)— this  line  would  continue  the 
easterly  line  of  the  old  plaza.  On  this  construct  a  parallelogram  with  its  opposite  or 
westerly  side  one  hundred  varas  in  length  and  its  northerly  and  southerly  sides  one 
hundred  varas  each. 

The  principal  church  of  a  Spanish- American  town  must  front  on  the 
plaza ;  and  the  building  of  the  second  church  of  Our  Lady  in  a  more 
favorable  site  is  undoubtedly  what  led  to  the  abandonment  of  the  old 
plaza  and  the  adoption  of  the  present  one.  The  latter  was  dedicated 
as  the  Plaza  about  1835,  though  it  had  been  to  all  intents  of  public  use 
the  plaza,  ever  since  the  completion  of  the  church  in  1822.  Los  An- 
geles ceased  to  be  a  pueblo  and  became  a  city  May  23,  1835. 

The  city  has  ranged  in  official  size  from  over  100  square  miles  to  the 
present  28  (four  square  Spanish  leagues);  but  the  plaza  has  not  varied 
under  the  new  regime.  In  1868  a  lease  by  the  city  gave  the  Los  Angeles 
Water  Company  ten  inches  of  water  from  the  river  at  a  rental  of  $1500 
per  annum  ;  but  within  the  year  allowed  an  annual  rebate  of  $1100  on 
condition  that  the  company  maintain  grass  and  trees  in  the  plaza,  and 
erect  a  monument  there.  The  monument  has  thus  far  failed  to  ma- 
terialize ;  but  the  other  conditions  have  been  carried  out.  The  four 
great  rubber  trees,  the   enormous  camphor  tree,  and   the  many  other 


*  Really  a  nickname,     Suerte  is  the  Spanish  word  for  "chance,"  or  "  drawing' 
by  lot." 

t  Guinn,  ibid. 


IN    EXILE 


163 


THE  PLAZA  IN  1892 


Photo,  by  Pierce. 


shrubs  and  plants,  make  the  little  park  a  pleasure  to  the  eye  of  every 
passer,  and  fitly  brighten  the  historic  spot  about  which  the  romance  of 
old  Los  Angeles  clusters. 


\mh  ADgelrs,  Cal. 


In  Exile. 

Northward,  a  white  cliff  falling  down, 
Touches  the  shore's  soft  shining  brown. 
Up  whose  vain  slope,  in  moon-set  rhyme, 
The  clamoring  tides  forever  climb. 

Southward,  a  point  far  out  to  sea  - 

Curves  a  warm  shoulder,  tenderly  ; 
And  little  waves  run  laughing  in 
For  shelter  when  the  winds  begin. 

Comely  dividing  land  from  land. 
Slender  the  eucalypti  stand  ; 
As  virgin  ladies,  shy  and  straight, 
Unite  them  in  a  lone  estate. 

Fronting  the  ocean's  sapphire  swell, 
Uplifts  the  mountain's  parallel. 
Where  daily  gold  and  morning  mist 
Fuse  slowly  into  amethyst. 


Remembering  (to  bear  to  be 
So  comforted  apart  from  thee  !  ) 
O  sea,  and  sky,  and  shore,  refrain- 
Or  break  this  aching  heart  again  ! 


Saat*  Barbers. 


1 64 

The  Wind  and  the  Holly-Tree. 

BY    BLANCHE    TRASK. 

The  wind  came  singing,  singing, 

Through  all  the  holly-tree  ; 
I  listened,  and  I  listened — 

'Twas  an  old  song  to  me. 

So  long  ago  I  heard  it 

Upon  a  winter's  night 
When  the  snow  was  heaped, 

And  the  moon  was  bright. 

I  did  not  think  to  hear  it, 

In  this  summer  land — 
I  listened,  and  I  listened. 

Tears  fell  upon  my  hand, 

Avalon,  Catalina  IslantI,  Cal. 


'The  Coahuia  Food-Getter. 


1Y    DAVID    P.     BARROWS. 


FEW  months  ago  I  sat  one  evening  in  the  Coahuia 
valley  and  watched  an  old  Indian  woman  prepare 
her  evening  meal.  Between  her  knees,  as  she  sat 
on  the  ground,  she  held  her  basket-mortar,  and 
with  the  heavy  pestle,  used  with  both  hands,  she 
ground  to  a  beautiful  fineness  her  wheat  and  chia 
seed.  Occasionally  she  threw  in  a  handful  of  grain 
and  a  little  additional  chia  ;  and  at  last,  to  reduce  it  very  fine,  a  few 
spoonsful  of  iron-pyrites  picked  by  her  patient  fingers  out  of  the  sandy 
creek  bottom. 

Her  head  was  covered  with  a  conical  basket-hat  or  yumu-wal,  and  her 
grizzled  hair,  abundant  as  when  she  was  a  maiden,  waved  about  her 
neck  in  the  soft  evening  breeze.  Her  wide  chin  was  tatooed  with  pretty, 
wavy  lines  running  downward  from  the  lower  lip  ;  a  design  drawn  first 
with  charcoal  paint  and  then  pricked  in  forever  with  a  cactus  thorn. 

Between  the  pauses  in  her  work  she  laughed  and  chatted  with  cheery 
good  nature,  and  stirred  a  mess  of  wild  elderberries  stewing  in  an  earthen 
olla  over  the  fire. 

Against  the  background  of  the  brush  jacal  that  contained  her  belong- 
ings, her  bed,  and  her  supply  of  food,  she  formed  a  perfect  picture  of  the 
comfortable  side  of  savage  life  that  is  half  indolence,  half  industry. 

The  dark  mountains  about  her,  the  rocky  little  valley  in  which  was 
her  home,  the  white,  arid  desert  below,  had  afforded  her  all  her  living. 
She  had  but  to  throw  her  great  packing  basket  over  her  back  and  ex- 
plore caiion  or  plain  to  return  with  it  full. 

Here  among  these  Indians,  as  almost  everywhere  in  savage  life, 
woman  is  the  industrial  member  of  the  household,  the  manufacturer 
and  the  food-getter. 


THE    COAHUIA    FOOD-GETTER. 


165 


Early  in  the  morning,  as  the  first  rays  of  sunshine  strike  the  pines  on 
the  top  of  Coahuia  mountain,  little  wreaths  of  smoke  begin  to  ascend 
from  the  s\\Qx\t  jacales ;  and  a  woman  with  a  great  earthen  olla  on  her 
back  comes  noiselessly  down  the  hill  to  the  rock-walled  spring  for  water. 
And  from  another  lowly  home  an  old  woman  starts  out  over  the  brushy 
hills  followed  closely  by  a  big,  gaunt  dog.  She  has  gone  to  gather  a 
breakfast  for  her  family,  and  in  an  hour  or  two  she  comes  back  over  the 
dim  trail  with  her  basket  full.  Perhaps  she  has  found  a  mess  of  elder- 
berries which  will  make  a  sweet  sauce  ;  or  a  lot  of  green,  sticky  pods 
from  the  dry  stalk  of  the  yucca  palm  to  be  roasted  among  the  coals.  Or 
perhaps  she  has  taken  with  her  her  yi-kow-a-pic  or  seed  fan,  woven  of 
willow  wands  and  rawhide  and  shaped  like  a  light  tennis  racket,  and 
with  this  has  beaten  her  basket  full  of  seeds,  sdmat  {chia)  or  d-sil  or  dk- 
lo-kaly  beautiful  masses  of  brown,  red  or  grey,  nutritive  beyond  belief, 
and  easily  ground  and  sifted  into  a  fine  meal. 


A   COAHUIA    THRESHING. 


Photo,  by  D.  P.  Barrows. 


Union  Kng.  Co 

Whatever  season  it  is,  she  never  returns  empty  handed.  Her  patient 
search,  her  knowledge  of  every  plant  and  its  locality  reward  her  with 
abundant  food. 

In  that  hard  and  trying  country  about  the  desert,  everything  that  pur- 
poses to  survive  must  be  adapted  for  abundant  reproduction.  Every 
plant  literally  runs  to  seed.  We  find  no  luscious  fruits,  pulpy,  juicy 
masses  of  sweetness,  but  only  little  withered  bags  of  skin,  filled  with 
quantities  of  seeds,  hanging  from  some  dry  and  leafless  stalk  ;  or  huge, 
disproportionate  pits,  surrounded  by  juiceless  pulp.  But  the  Coahuia  food- 
getter  is  u!i  ha  filed.  vShe  beats  the  seeds  from  the  stony  fruits  and 
pounds  iliein  up  into  flour.  She  casts  aside  the  deceitful  pulp  of  the 
wild  plum  and  cherry  and  saves  the  pit.  This  she  grinds  in  her  wonder- 
ful mill  ;  and  if  it  is  bitter  and  unpalatable,  she  drains  away  its  bitter- 
ness with  water.  For  this  purpose  she  has  ready  a  wide  willow  basket 
^lled  with  sand,  smoothed  into  a  concave  surface.     On  this  the  meal  is 


-*  ■-  ?  ? 


7SI5.:- 


ojr 


i66 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


piled  and  the  water  is  poured  through.  Sometimes  a  hole,  scooped  in  a 
sand-bed  on  the  creek  bottom,  sufl&ces. 

Acorns  from  many  different  species  of  oaks  are  sweetened  in  this  way. 

These  products  were  not  made  for  food.  Many  are  to  the  taste  so 
harsh  as  to  taint  the  flesh  of  the  birds  that  feed  upon  them.  But  the 
cunning  of  savage  woman  has  evercome  Nature's  niggardliness. 

The  pine  cones,  too,  yield  their  oily  nuts.  At  Santa  Rosa  village, 
high  among  the  pines  on  Torres  mountain,  a  great  harvest  of  these  can 
be  gathered. 

But  the  foods  that  come  from  the  desert  fairly  amaze  us.  The  charac- 
teristic plants  of  the  sandy  Southwest  are  the  mesquite  and  the  mescal. 

The  mesquite  has  at  least  two  bean-bearing  varieties,  the  algaroba  or 
honey  mesquite  and  the  screwbean. 


COAHUIAS   WINNOWING    WHEAT. 


l>y  Herve  Friend. 


The  mesquite  sometimes  grows  to  the  height  of  a  tree,  and  from  its 
prickly  branches  centals  of  pods  can  be  gathered.  The  white  expanse 
of  Coyote  caiion  is  dotted  with  trees  bearing  food  for  an  army.  The 
beans  are  dried  and  then  pounded  into  flour. 

But  the  mescal  is  the  wonder  of  the  desert.  It  first  appears  above 
the  sand  as  a  round  "cabbage  head"  of  succulent  layers;  it  finally 
shoots  up  a  stalk,  sappy  with  sugared  juice,  and  from  this  stalk  break 
out  clusters  of  gorgeous,  yellow  blossoms.  Every  part  of  this  wonderful 
plant  yields  food.  The  cabbage  head  and  stalks  are  roasted  in  a  pit  of 
hot  stones  and  will  then  keep  for  a  year  or  two  ;  dark  pieces  of  sweet, 
fibrous  food.  The  blossoms  are  picked  when  in  full  bloom,  are  boiled 
and  dried  and  kept  for  future  use.  The  fibres  beaten  from  the  spines 
are  woven  into  twenty  useful  articles,  ropes,  cordage,  brooms,  sandals, 
and  saddle  mats.  From  the  sugary  head  may  be  distilled  a  fiery  brandy, 
and  fermented  a  wine,  the  mescal  andi  pulque  of  Mexico. 


THE   COAHUIA    FOOD-GETTER. 


1^7 


InionKDg.  Co.  GRINDING  ON  THE  METATE.  Photo  by  D.  P.  Barrows. 

And  so  it  is  a  wonderful  thing  to  see  how  all  independent  of  civilized 
wants  is  savage  man.  Nature  forbidding  and  untilled  is  made  to  give 
him  all  he  needs. 

Over  these    dark,  volcanic  mountains  roam   prospectors,    the   much 


L 


OATHERtNO  SEEDS. 


Photo,  by  D.  P.  B&rrowt, 


i68  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

slandered  "  grub-stakers  "  of  the  Great  American  Desert.  Their  fare  is 
bacon,  beans  and  coffee,  uninterruptedly  day  after  day.  Had  they  but 
the  patience  and  wisdom  of  the  Coahuia,  whose  hunting  grounds  they 
have  invaded,  they  might  occasionally  vary  that  dreadful  fare  with  a 
mess  of  sweet  sauce  or  a  head  of  mescal. 

An  atole  of  mesquite  bean  or  plum-pit  meal  would  be  a  not  indifferent 
dish. 

One  thing,  however,  the  prospector  has  been  wise  enough  to  borrow 
from  the  Indian,  and  that  is  chia.  A  handful  of  this  seed  mixed  with  a 
little  bag  of  parched,  pounded  wheat  and  a  spoonful  of  sugar  makes 
pinole,  the  best  companion  that  desert  traveler  ever  had.  A  pinch  of 
pinole  will  sweeten  a  cupful  of  hot  alkali  water  and  nourish  better  than 
gruel. 

The  desert,  however,  with  all  its  haunting,  mysterious  charm  and  its 
delusive  veins  of  gold  is  not  the  place  for  the  white  man.  God  made  it 
for  the  Apache  and  the  Shoshone. 

Columbia  College,  N.Y. 

'  Wachtel  and  His  Work. 

F  not  an  imposing,  yet  always  an  interesting,  figure 
among  Southwestern  artists  is  Elmer  Wachtel,  of 
Los  Angeles.  Without  the  creative  vigor  of  some 
of  his  contemporaries,  he  shows,  more  than  most, 
that  certain  touch  which  depends  upon  the  intimate 
artistic  temperament.  That  "feeling"  is  part  not 
only  of  his  work  but  of  himself.  In  his  chosen  line 
he  works,  to  an  unusual  degree,  "with  expression."  He  is  also  that 
somewhat  rare  growth,  a  modest  painter  ;  an  artist  who  does  not  get 
intoxicated  with  self. 

The  individuality  of  the  artist  determines  the  word  which  nature  will 
speak  through  him.  Not  only  in  his  choice  of  subject,  but  in  his  own 
peculiar  way  of  seeing  the  subject,  is  the  individuality  distinguished.  A 
superficial  observer  is  apt  to  think  that  one  view  must  be  right,  and  that 
all  other  views  are  more  or  less  failures  to  come  up  to  a  standard.  There 
could  be  no  greater  mistake.  For  nature  is  infinite  as  the  variety  of 
men's  minds,  and  he  who  paints  in  sincerity  must  of  necessity  give  us 
something  that  no  other  could  give.  Only  when  a  painter  neglects 
nature  in  the  effort  to  imitate  some  other  man's  work — to  follow  a  con- 
vention with  which  he  thinks  the  public  is  pleased  —  or,  on  the  other 
hand,  to  invent  something  as  startling  as  somebody  else  has  produced — 
then  will  his  art  ring  false. 

There  are  aspects  of  the  California  landscape  which  find  a  sensitive 
interpreter  in  Mr.  Wachtel.  His  range  of  subject  is  not  wide  ;  to  him, 
practically,  landscape  is  the  only  art,  and  he  throws  himself  into  it  with 
a  whole-hearted  enthusiasm.  Within  this  limit,  he  allows  himself  the 
greatest  variety.  Upon  the  walls  of  his  studio  we  see  the  "dry  wash" 
of  Southern   California,  witji  its  bpt  sand  and  gray  and   rust-colored 


L  A  e^.Co. 


THE  PORTRAIT  OF  AN  ARTIST. 
(Umer  WachUi.) 


Photo,  by  T.  H.  Palache,  San  Francisco 


Hy 

OV    TTII 

NIVERSr 


WACHTEL  AND    HIS    WORK. 


171 


weeds  ;  an  autumn  sky,  exquisite  in  the  drawing  and  movement  of 
broken  and  flying  cloud-forms ;  a  gray  day  near  the  coast,  with  pale 
sand-dunes  and  sombre  trees ;  the  brown  slope  of  a  hill,  subtly  modeled 
against  a  purple  distance  and  warm  twilight  skj'  ;  or  a  venerable  Mission 
warm  with  the^enediction  of  the  setting  sun. 

His  favorite  medium  appears  to  be  water-color  —  perhaps  for  its  quick 
and  intimate  adaptability  to  the  rendering  of  impressions — somewhat 
like  his  favorite  musical  instrument,  the  violin.  Although  somewhat 
impatient  of  the  heavier  medium  of  oil,  Mr.  Wachtel  has  painted  some 
canvases  which  are  strong  in  handling  and  both  frank  and  agreeable  in 
color.  For  instance,  his  cliffs  at  San  Juan.  Another  marine,  a  lovely 
bit  of  twilight  sea,  with  the  curled  gray- white  crest  of  the  breaker  just 


I.    A    Miif  I ;..  A   CHINESE  GARDENERS   HOVEL.         .^  ucrr.,,..,  o,  r..i.»r  « tcntei 

falling  along  the  shore,  is  fine  in  sentiment.  Mr.  Wachtel's  treatment 
of  the  ocean  is  excellent.  No  carved  waves  and  cauliflower  foam  dis- 
figure his  canvas.  The  strength  and  swing  of  heavy  moving  water — the 
silken  surface  of  the  tide  with  its  many  reflections  —  the  melting  of  the 
foam  upon  the  sand  —  all  are  expressed  with  a  freedom  that  proves  an 
intimate  love  of  the  sea. 

Mr.  Wachtel  was  born  in  Baltimore  in  1863,  and  rounded  his  first 
twelve  years  there.  His  first  stage  westward  was  to  Harper's  Ferry,  his 
second  to  Illinois  ;  and  finally  in  1883  he  came  to  Los  Angeles.  His  first 
bent  was  musical,  and  ever  since  he  came  to  California  he  has  studied 
the  violin  seriously,  and  to  good  purpose.  His  unusual  proficiency  with 
this  instrument  brought  him  in   1887  into  companionship  with  a  little 


172 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co 


JUST  BELOW  THE  FOOTHILLS 


ting  by  Elmer  Wachtel. 


circle  of  artists  then  organizing  an  evening  life-class  ;  and  these  associa- 
tions unconsciously  led  to  his  adoption  of  the  brush.  Growing  in 
enthusiasm,  he  continued  the  study  of  landscape  in  black  and  white  for 
a  couple  of  years  ;  and  then  entered  upon  a  season  of  hard  work  in  the 
^Art  Students'  League,  New  York.  Alter  his  return  to  Los  Angeles  he 
opened  a  studio  ;  and  since  then  has  studied  the  landscape  of  Southern 
California  earnestly  and  effectively,  besides  spending  a  summer  in  and 
about  San  Francisco.  His  first  illustrative  work  was  for  the  now  defunct 
Calif ornian,  by  far  the  handsomest  magazine  that  had  ever  been  pub- 
lished on  the  Coast.  He  has  exhibited  in  the  New  York  Water  Color 
Society,  the  San  Francisco  Art  Association,  and  the  Midwinter  Fair ; 
and  his  paintings  are  valued  by  a  growing  public.  His  pen-and-ink 
work  is  pleasantly  familiar  to  readers  of  this  magazine  —  particularly  in 
the  department  heads,  which  have  attracted  wide  attention. 


A  Hedge  of  La  France  Roses. 


BY    NANCY    K.    FOSTER. 


Roses  of  France,  how  beautiful  you  are  ! 
Warm  is  your  color  as  the  glowing  cheeks 
Of  my  beloved.     Vainly  would  I  seek 
'Mongst  India's  webs  your  texture  to  compare. 
Opulent  hearts,  large,  generous  and  rare  — 
Radiant  La  France  !  —  not  fragile,  slender,  sleek 
As  Gold  of  Ophir  or  Safrano  meek  — 
Perchance  of  long  ago  Love's  chosen  flower  ! 
Gazing  on  you,  old  days  of  war  and  might, 
Of  prowess,  chivalry  in  sunny  France, 
Of  Courts  of  Love,  gay  tournament  and  dance 
Return  once  more.     Chansons  and  virelay 
To  lady  sung  by  troubadour  or  knight. 
Are  in  your  honied  scent  breathed  forth  alway  ! 


Lo*  Angeles,  Cal. 


173 


•  The  Founders  of  Los  Angeles. 

S  to  the  little  band  of  colonists  who  founded  the 
town  of  Our  Lady  of  the  Angels,  it  was  a  motley 
assortment  in  blood  and  nationality.  The  Spanish- 
speaking  Angelenos  of  today  trace  their  ancestry 
not  to  these,  but  to  the  highbred  Castilians  and 
Mexicans  who  came  later  ;  otherwise  they  would 
not  be  so  justly  proud  of  their  lineage.  The  names 
recorded  in  the  old  annals  are  as  follows  : 

Jose  de  Lara,  50  years  old,  Indian  wife  and  three  children. 

Jose  Antonio  Navarro,  mestizo,  40  years,  mulatto  wife  and  six  children. 

Antonio  Mesa,  negro,  38,  mulatto  wife  and  two  children. 

Antonio  Villaceucio,  Spaniard,  30  years,  Indian  wife  and  one  child. 

Jos^  Vanegas,  Indian,  28  years,  Indian  wife  and  one  child. 

Alejandro  Rosas,  Indian,  19  years,  coyote  [Indian  half-breed]  wife. 

Pablo  Rodriguez,  Indian,  25  years,  Indian  wife,  one  child. 

Manuel  Camero,  mulatto  and  mulatto  wife. 

Luis  Quintero,  negro,  55  years,  wife  and  five  children. 

Jos^  Moreno  and  wife,  both  mulattos. 

Antonio  Mirando,  chifio,  50  years,  one  child. 

The  last  named  was  not  a  Chinaman,  as  is  often  stated,  but  probably 
the  offspring  of  an  Indian  mother  and  a  father  of  mixed  Spanish  and 
negro  blood. 

THE   NAME   OF  THE   CITV. 

Concerning  the  name  of  the  pueblo  and  river,  Rev.  Joachim  Adam,  V.G., 
in  a  paper  read  before  the  Historical  Society  of  Southern  California 
several  years  ago,  said  :  "  The  name  Los  Angeles  is  probably  derived 
from  the  fact  that  the  expedition  by  land,  in  search  of  the  harbor  of 
Monterey,  passed  through  this  place  on  the  2nd  of  August,  1769,  a  day 
when  the  Franciscan  missionaries  celebrate  the  feast  of  Nuestra  Seiiora 
de  Los  Angeles— Our  Lady  of  the  Angels  This  expedition  by  land  left 
San  Diego  July  14,  1769,  and  reached  here  on  the  first  of  August,  when 
they  killed  for  the  first  time  some  berrendos  or  antelope.  On  the  second, 
they  saw  a  large  stream  with  much  good  land  which  they  called  Por- 
ziuncula,  on  accouniSjf  commencing  on  that  day  the  jubilee  called 
Porziuncula,  granted  to  St.  Francis  while  praying  in  the  little  church  of 
Our  Lady  of  the  Angels,  near  Assisi,  in  Italy,  commonly  called  Delia 
Porziuncula  from  a  hamlet  of  that  name  near  by." 


75 


The  Madness  of  the  Rector. 


BY   GRACE    ELLERY    CHANNINO. 


POSSIBLY  if  any  other  room  in  the  house  had  been  given  him,  it 
might  have  been  averted.  The  rooms  on  the  south  and  west 
looked  upon  the  lawn  and  the  sweep  of  shaded  avenue.  Mrs. 
Vandyne  and  Miss  Vandyne  kept  the  shades  drawn  there  to  shut 
out  the  intrusive  California  sunlight.  Gertrude's  room  looked  only 
into  the  rose  garden,  a  step  away.  But  the  Rector's  looked 
straight  up  the  arroyo  valley  to  the  mountains  beyond,  across  an 
intervening  stretch  of  white  and  green.  Over  that  white  and  green 
the  sun  went  smiting  daily,  and  first  it  struck  in  snow  and  flame 
and  then  it  went,  purple  and  gray,  up  to  the  silver  chaparral  of  the 
hills.  Then  when  the  sun  had  finished  in  gold,  the  moon  began  all  over 
again  in  silver. 

Day  by  day  and  night  after  night  it  lay  before  him — that  sea  of  lilies  ; 
and  he  was  fresh  from  sights  and  sounds  of  an  Eastern  city.  When  that 
East  sent  its  favorite  young  apostle,  immaculate  of  life,  impeccable  of 
doctrine,  irreproachable  of  character,  and  broken  in  body  and  nerve,  to 
the  kindlier  climate,  the  East  felt  that  it  did  a  magnanimously  handsome 
thing  by  the  West.  Young  in  years,  he  had  already  plucked  the  honors, 
collegiate,  social,  ecclesiastic ;  withheld  on  the  threshold  of  celibate 
priesthood  only  by  an  insufficiency  of  lung  remaining  to  pronounce  new 
vows. 

"  He  will  die  a  bishop,"  was  the  fond  prediction  of  many,  "unless  he 
dies  before." 

Mile  after  mile  across  the  plains  and  prairies,  he  leaned  a  pallid  brow 
from  the  car  window  and  drank  the  West  like  wine.  Then,  while  the 
bright  rainless  or  rainy  sun-shot  days  of  a  brief  winter  fled  past,  he  in- 
haled the  mesa  and  the  mountains,  and  that  strong  vintage  went  to  his 
head.  They  should  have  known  better  than  to  set  that  view  before  him. 
An  old  restlessness  attacked  him.  He  got  back  his  collegiate  skill  in 
making  a  soft  exit  from  a  window  ;  and,  night  after  night  on  the  mesa, 
his  boy  love  for  a  green  pillow.  An  ecclesiastical  silence  guarded  these 
re-acquisitions.  But  nothing  could  hide  the  new  color  of  his  cheek.  It 
was  deep  with  a  second  tint  now,  this  Easter  morning,  as  from  the  piazza 
below  he  caught  the  voice  which,  harmonizing  admirably  with  the  pitch 
of  New  York,  formed  here  an  insistent  discord,  and  which  one  of  those 
happy  chances,  accountable  for  so  much  in  life,  had  brought  here  con- 
temporaneously with  its  beloved  rector. 

"Yes,  he  looks  like  another  being,"  said  the  voice  with  a  parasol  over 
it.  "  We  shall  all  be  returning  to  civilization  soon.  I  did  hope  it  would 
be  in  time  for  today.  Nothing  is  like  one's  own  parish  on  Easter  ;  and 
if  we  feel  it,  how  much  more  must  the  dear  Rector.  Fancy,  Emily, 
here  they  use  bread  for  the  wafer  at  the  Sacrament." 

A  deep  sigh,  penetrating  dimly  through  the  environment  of  shawls, 
dark  glasses  and  sunshades,  in  which  the  newly-arrived  was  taking  her 


176  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

California  discreetly,  was  cut  short  by  a  sharper  breeze,  betokening  the 
east  wind  of  Boston. 

"  You  may  take  that  tone  if  you  like,  Clara,  but  the  Rubric  says  dis- 
tinctly bread,  and  nothing  would  induce  me  to  let  one  of  those  wafers 
pass  my  lips." 

"  But,  Aunt  Sophronia,  nobody  uses  bread  nowadays,  not  even  the  dear 
Bishop  himself ;  it  is  utterly  out  of  date.  Speaking  of  dates — you  should 
see  the  cottas,  Emily,  at  least  six  inches  too  long  !  And  nobody  crossing 
at  the  Name  !  I  must  say  I  feel  for  the  dear  Rector  —  everything  was  so 
perfect  at  St.  Mary's.  Of  course,  as  a  visitor,  he  can  do  nothing — except 
endure.  And  of  course  we  must  remember  that  all  service  is  pleasing 
to  Him."  A  soft  sigh  showed  that  she  felt  for  Him  no  less  than  for  the 
Rector. 

The  rector's  hand  made  a  motion  to  close  the  window,  and  remained 
poised — the  white  field  before  him  held  his  vision.  Last  night  it  was 
silver — now  it  held  the  sifted  gold  of  the  air. 

"Not  a  particle  of  Lenten  mourning,"  mourned  the  soft  voice  below. 
**  We,  of  course,  wore  the  usual  white  and  black  —  all  black  on  Good 
Friday — you  know  how  consistent  the  dear  Rector  has  always  been  in 
those  matters  —  and  there  were  scarcely  six  people  who  spent  the  day  in 
the  church.     Dear  Miss  Armstrong,  how  troublesome  your  cough  is." 

"I  was  not  coughing,"  said  Gertrude. 

That  light  step  on  the  stairs  was  hers,  then. 

"  You  are  going  for  a  walk,  I  see?  "  The  voice  swept  a  practiced  and 
audible  glance  over  every  detail  of  the  figure  it  addressed.  "  We  shall 
not  see  you  at  church  —  you  are  not  tempted  by  the  music  —  the  associa- 
tions of  the  day  ?" 

"  Not  in  the  least,  thank  you  ;  not  even  by  the  bonnets." 

"Oh,  we  know  you  are  superior  to  all  those  feminine  temptations. 
And  you  really  go  this  afternoon — you  do  not  mind  traveling  on  Easter  ? " 

"  I  do  not  mind  it  at  all,  thank  you." 

"  You  are  superior  to  all  our  superstitions  ;  but  I  suppose  we  see  you 
at  dinner?'' 

"Yes  ;  that  is  a  temptation  to  which  I  am  not  superior." 

"At  least  it  will  be  an  Easter  dinner  —  lamb  and  green  peas;  fancy, 
Emily,  that  good  Mrs.  Dandridge  was  going  to  give  us  a  chicken  dinner!" 

A  groan  eloquently  responded. 

A  slight,  wide-hatted  figure  in  gray  walked  leisurely  across  the  Rector's 
white  field  of  vision. 

"  j2«^^^  without  antecedents,"  followed  in  soft  accents,  "so  far  as  I 
can  learn.  A  Mission  teacher  in  some  unheard-of  little  village — Mexican 
or  Indian.  Father  was  a  carpenter,  I  believe.  As  for  religion,  she  has 
none,  as  you  see.  It  must  be  time  to  get  ready,  Louise — one  never 
knows  whether  a  new  costume  is  exactly  right,  and  I  like  to  be  in  time 
to  prepare  my  mind  for  the  service  on  such  days." 

The  rector  remained  standing  in  the  middle  of  his  room  while  the 
rustle  of  moving  skirts  passed  the  door.  He  paced  the  floor  two  or  three 
times  with  a  quick ,  nervous  step,  stopping  with  outstretched  hand  before 


THE    MADNESS    OF    THE    RECTOR.  ^11 

the  table  on  which  lay  his  gloves  and  Book  of  Prayer,  and  as  often  with- 
drawing it  after  a  glance  at  the  flashing  landscape.  Suddenly  with  an 
impetuous  movement  he  drew  down  the  shade. 

Half  an  hour  later  when  he  came  down  stairs  at  last,  his  face  above: 
the  immaculate  broadcloth  was  a  trifle  pale,  but  he  held  his  gloves  and 
book  tightly  in  one  slender  hand. 

An  apparition,  springlike  in  hues  and  flowered  lace,  greeted  him  at 
the  door  ;  it,  too,  held  a  prayer  book  in  its  correct  pale-grey  kid  hand. 

"Already  on  your  way,  dear  Mr.  Wyeth  —  and  walking?  How  con- 
sistent you  are ;  an  example  to  us  all.  We  shall  not  be  many  minuted 
behind.     Ah,  if  it  were  only  our  own  dear  St.  Mary's  !  " 

The  rector  bowed  mechanically  and  made  a  step,  but  two  formidable 
silk  sleeves  barred  the  way. 

"Pardon  me,  Mr.  Wyeth,  but  you  will  be  able  to  tell  me  —  what  was 
decided  in  the  matter  of  bread  or  wafers  for  the  Sacrament  today  ?  I  ask, 
because  if  it  is  bread,  I  go  ;  if  wafers,  I  stay.  It  is  a  matter  of  principle 
with  me." 

*•  There  will  be  both  bread  and  wafers,"  said  the  rector. 

He  bowed  again,  and  passed  with  a  hurried  step  down  the  rose  walk 
and  out  into  the  road.  There  in  the  shelter  of  the  lime  hedge  he  halted 
a  moment,  breathing  quickly  and  with  hunted  eyes. 

Up  the  pepper-shaded  avenue  to  the  left  lowered  the  golden  cross  of 
All  Souls.  The  rector  stood  looking  at  it.  Then  an  extraordinary  thing 
happened.  Clutching  his  prayer  book  firmly,  the  rector  turned  and  fled 
in  the  opposite  direction. 

Three  minutes  dropped  the  veil  of  pepper  boughs  behind  him  ;  five 
built  up  a  barrier  of  cedars  ;  ten  sufficed  to  lay  a  field  of  emerald  barley 
over  his  footsteps  ;  and  fifteen  severed  them  completely  with  the  arroyo 
gorge,  in  which  a  slender  stream  wiped  out  the  last  trail.  Just  as  the 
bells  of  All  Souls  rang  out  the  Easter  peal — 

"  He  is  risen  !  He  is  risen  !    Tell  it  with  a  joyful  sound  !  " 

the  rector  of  St.  Mary's,  springing  from  stone  to  stone  across  the  narrow 
waters,  emerged  upon  a  second  sea,  of  white  and  gold,  which  rolled 
across  the  mesa,  unbroken  acres. 

The  rector  tossed  his  hat  upon  the  ground,  and  threw  himself  down 
beside  it.     Prayer  book  and  gloves  fell  unheeded. 

Down  came  the  soft  sunlight  upon  his  bared  head.  He  buried  his 
elbow  in  the  short,  thin  greenness  which  replaces  turf  on  the  borders  of 
the  chaparral,  and  with  his  cheek  almost  to  the  earth,  plunged  his  eye 
in  the  sea  beyond.  Wave  after  wave  it  rolled  away  for  acres,  till  the 
purple  hills  checked — some  forty-five  thousand  waves,  white  in  their 
green  leaves,  with  raised  throats  and  golden  tongues  —  one  sea  of 
jubilation. 

"  He  is  risen  !  He  is  risen  !  "  sounded  remotely  from  the  bells  of  All 
Souls. 

*'  He  is  risen  !  He  is  risen  !  "  went  up  from  all  those  golden  tongues 
in  the  white  throats. 

*•  Risen — risen  indeed  !  "  echoed  the  rector,  and  turning  ever  so  slightly 
he  buried  his  face  in  his  arms. 

The  light  footfall  halting  at  his  side  did  not  lift  his  head. 

"  Mr.  Wyeth  ! — is  anything  wrong  ?     What  are  you  doing  here  ?  " 

"  Considering  the  lilies,"  said  the  rector. 

"Mr.  Wyeth  ! — there  are  three  thousand  of  them  on  the  altar  of  All 
Souls  —  I  heard  Miss  Vandvne  say  so.  Have  you  considered  anything 
else —  as  that  they  are  waiting  for  you  ? " 


178  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 

**  I  have  been  waiting  all  my  life." 

"  Mr.  Wyeth— " 

"Sit  down,  Gertrude." 

She  sat  down  quietly,  and  drawing  a  tiny  watch  from  her  belt  laid  it 
face  upward  at  his  side. 

**  At  this  moment  the  boys  are  putting  on  their  surplices  —  when  are 
you  going  back  ? ' ' 

"  I  am  not  going  back." 

She  waited  while  you  might  count  a  hundred. 

"  By  this  time  the  ladies  have  all  finished  their  preliminary  devotions ; 
the  bread  and  wafers  are  ready,  and  in  the  vestry  ihey  are  forming  the 
processional." 

The  rector  turned  the  watch  face  downwards  on  the  grass. 

"  All  my  life,  Gertrude,  I  have  dreamed  of  fields  of  flowers—  fields  of 
buttercups  and  daisies  (I  was  a  New  England  boy)  ;  but  roses,  that  grow 
all  the  year  round,  taller  than  your  head  —  I  never  dreamed  of  those. 
And  calla  lilies,  thousands  upon  thousands,  and  all  shouting  Alleluia  I — 
I  never  dreamed  of  those  ;  did  you,  Gertrude?  —  you  will  have  dreamed 
more  than  I,  naturally." 

"The  processional  is  over,  Mr.  Wyeth  —  it  is  time  for  the  Absolution 
and  Remission  of  Sins." 

The  rector  rose  to  his  feet. 

"  I  have  done  many  things  that  I  ought  not  to  have  done.  I  have  left 
undone  many  things  that  I  ought  to  have  done.  There  has  been  no 
health  in  me.  But  Thou,  O  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  me  !  "  He  stretched 
his  arms  eloquently  to  the  lily  field.  "  I  have  lived  in  slums  all  my  life, 
O  my  God,"  he  said. 

Presently  he  turned  to  her. 

"  There  is  a  village,  Gertrude,  between  here  and  San  Mateo?  " 

She  motioned  to  the  hills.     "San  Miguel." 

"  And  there  is  a  house  ?  " 

"Rafael's." 

"  Where  one  might  sleep  ?  " 

"  I  have  slept  there  often." 

"Ah  —  and  there  is  a  road  beyond  —  to  San  Mateo ?  " 

"  There  is  a  road  beyond." 

"  And  Rafael  has  a  brother,  or  son,  trustable  with  a  line?  " 

"Juanito." 

"  And  at  Mateo,  Gertrude,  one  can  find  a  friend?  " 

"  The  place  is  not  large  ;  if  one  had  a  friend,  one  could  hardly  miss  him." 

"  But  there  is  land  there  to  spare — a  patch  of  ground  where  one  could 
make  flowers  grow,  and  trees  —  tall  trees  ?  I  never  planted  a  green  tree 
in  all  my  life,  Gertrude.  And  there  would  be  space  for  a  green  lawn 
where  —  a  child  might  tumble  about?  " 

"  There  is  space  at  Mateo  for  trees  and  —  children." 

"  And  there  are  people  — poor,  simple  folk  who  want  a  brother  to  help 
them — who  can  really  be  helped?  " 

"  There  are  such  everywhere  —  and  at  Mateo." 

The  meeting  fingers  trembled  closer,  and  lay  still  in  one  another.  The 
bells  had  stopped  ringing. 

"  He  is  risen  indeed  !  "  said  the  rector,  looking  into  her  eyes. 

But  Gertrude  said  not  a  word. 

She  went  down  through  the  shouting  lilies,  waist-high.  Once  only 
she  turned  in  their  midst  to  look  back,  and  from  the  silver  chaparral  a 
climbing  figure  waved  a  dim  hand,  then  faded  over  the  brow  of  the  hill. 

"  He  is  risen — risen  indeed  !  "  shouted  all  the  lilies  all  about  her. 

But  down  below  in  the  church  of  All  Souls  the  congregation  in  its 
Easter  bonnet  sat  waiting  for  the  rector  who  never  came. 

Pasadena,  Cal. 


179 


Don  Coyote. 


jy    CHARLES    FREDERICK   HOLDER. 


M 


Y   observations  of  the   coyote  have   been   made  mainly 

from  the  saddle  during   the   excitement   of  hard   runs 

across  country  behind  the  hounds,  and  as  a  consequence 

I  have  mucti  respect  for  its  cunning,  intelligence  and   fighting 

qualities. 

The  coyote,  Cams  lairansy  is  found  all  over  the  Western 
country  ;  and  until  the  late  outrageous  laws  that  put  a  price 
upon  its  head,  it  was  a  familiar  on  hill  and  mesa  ;  eating  a  few 
lambs  and  turkeys,  it  is  true,  but  an  inveterate  enemy  to  rabbits, 
ground  squirrels  and  other  pests  of  the  farmer. 

The  coyote  is  the  jackal  of  America  ;  a  lowland  wolf;  apparently 
a  link  between  the  dogs  and  the  wolves.  In  unsettled  regions  it  hunts  in 
packs  or  singly  ;  in  the  daytime  running  down  the  fleet  jackrabbit  and 
displaying  great  cunning  in  its  movements.  In  the  vicinity  of  towns  it 
hides  in  the  hills  during  the  day,  coming  out  at  night  and  entering  the 
villages,  arousing  the  dogs,  and  by  its  strange,  almost  ventriloquistic, 
vocal  accomplishments  conveying  the  impression  that 
many  coyotes,  instead  of  one,  are  menacing  roost  and 
farmyard. 

To   the  lover  of  cross-country  riding,  the  coyote  has  a 
decided  value,  taking  the  place  in  this  country  of  the 
Eastern  fox,   and  affording  fine  sport,  either  with  fox- 
or  greyhounds.     Here,  large  greyhounds  are  used  in  the 
hunting,  and  several  fine  packs  are  kept  by  gentle- 
men who  love  this  venturesome  sport.  The  Southern 
California  winter  is  an  open  season  ;  from  Decem- 
ber to  May  it  is  carpeted  with  green  and  over- 
run   with    wild   flowers;    and    this    is  the 
popular  hunting  time. 

One  early   morning  in  February  a 
party    of    well-mounted    ladies    and 
gentlemen  might  have  been  seen 
riding  down  through  the  Pasa- 
dena suburbs  toward  the  Mission 
bills.     The  great  peaks  of  San 
Antonio,    San   Bernardino  and 
San  Jacinto,  white  with  snow, 
seemed  to  hang  in  the  clear  air. 
They    were    suggestive   of 
winter;    but     the    homes 
were  wading  through  yel- 
low violets,  cream-cups  and 
bluets,  while  the  wild  for- 
get-me-not   filled    the   air 


Union  Kuv.  Co. 


DON   COYOTE.         Photo,  by  Jackson,  DenT«r 


i8o  LAND    or  SUNSHINE 

with  fragrance  and  splashed  the  mesa  with  mimic  fields  of  snow.  The 
song  of  innumerable  birds  was  on  every  side  ;  from  down  the  valley  came 
the  soft  jangle  of  mission  bells,  and  a  little  later  the  melodious  blast  of 
a  horn,  as  the  host  and  his  pack  came  out  of  a  neighboring  orange  grove. 

A  few  moments  in  greetings,  renewing  acquaintance  with  the  dogs, 
tightening  cinches,  and  the  hunt  moved  away  down  through  a  large 
vineyard  toward  the  hills. 

A  faint  haze  clung  to  the  ground,  giving  every  object  a  slightly  exag- 
gerated appearance  ;  and  soon,  far  ahead,  could  be  seen  an  animal  that 
looked  like  a  gigantic  dog.  It  stood  for  a  minute  on  a  little  knoll,  eyeing 
the  party  curiously,  then  slunk  swiftly  away.  Like  so  many  arrows  the 
dogs  and  horses  shot  ahead  amid  a  wild  jangle  of  bits  and  spurs  and 
pounding  hoofs.  The  dogs — fine  animals  in  dun,  white,  black,  fawn  and 
tan — stretched  out  in  long  lines,  moving  like  machines,  at  marvelous 
speed.  Out  into  a  ploughed  field  dashed  the  hunt,  over  the  ditch,  down 
with  a  rush  and  over  into  a  wash,  dodging  the  cactus,  and  with  a  wild 
scramble  up  the  opposite  side  and  away  through  the  luxuriant  alfileria. 

Don  Coyote  was  settling  down  to  his  work.  At  first  he  cast  several 
glances  over  his  shoulder  to  take  in  the  situation,  but  now  he  was  sweep- 
ing on  with  the  speed  of  the  wind  ;  his  bushy  tail  straight  out  behind, 
his  ears  back  and  his  sharp  nose  cutting  the  air  like  a  knife. 

Silently  the  pack  come  on,  gaining  inch  by  inch  ;  now  widening  out  ; 
now  relieving  one  another  ;  ever  gaining.  For  the  horses  the  pace  was 
terrific.  Not  a  mile  had  been  covered  before  the  field  was  well  thinned 
out.  A  riderless  horse  was  in  the  fore,  and  stragglers  were  everywhere. 
But  directly  behind  the  master  of  the  hounds  a  little  group  of  riders  kept 
the  pace.  Now  the  coyote  turns  into  a  vineyard  ;  is  flanked  by  a  blue 
dog  and  dashes  into  a  forest  of  mustard,  the  golden  tops  of  which  seem 
to  engulf  horses  and  riders.  Out  they  come  in  a  grand  burst,  and  down 
a  little  road  to  the  mesa  again.  Another  horse  goes  down  in  the  high 
grass  that  hides  a  gully.  The  coyote  is  now  dashing  down  into  a  wash — 
a  last  trick  ;  but  he  has  California  horses  behind  him  and  riders  who 
have  forgotten  their  necks,  and  over  the  edge  and  down  the  steep  incline 
they  rush  with  an  exultant  shout,  and  away  with  Don  Coyote  on  the 
smooth,  wind-blown  mesa  not  fifty  yards  ahead.  He  is  discouraged  and 
glances  askance  at  the  fates  behind.  The  end  is  coming.  The  level 
country  gives  the  horses  fresh  courage,  and  they  sweep  madly  on. 
Suddenly  from  out  the  pack  a  long-limbed  blue  dog  seems  to  shoot.  The 
coyote  turns  for  a  second,  snaps  viciously  and  —  is  lost,  the  entire  pack 
upon  him. 

But  the  chicken-thief  is  no  craven.  He  turns  on  his  back  and  fights 
with  the  ferocity  of  a  wolf,  biting  and  snapping,  the  sharp  click  !  click  ! 
of  his  white  teeth  sounding  ominously.  The  pack,  until  now  silent, 
break  into  a  pandemonium  of  sounds,  and  the  real  ferocity  of  the  grey- 
hound is  demonstrated.  Don  Coyote  fights  well,  and  goes  down  only 
after  leaving  his  mark  on  every  dog.  The  master  of  the  hounds  rushes 
into  the  melee  and  saves  the  game.  The  run  is  over,  and  the  brush  soon 
hangs  upon  the  saddle  of  the  first  lady  in. 

Such  is  the  nearest  approach  to  fox  hunting  to  be  had  in  California. 
The  sport  with  foxhounds  is  almost  as  exciting,  though  the  pace  is  not 
so  rapid.  There  are  no  fences  to  take,  but  the  pace  either  after  coyotes 
or  hares  is  a  race  from  start  to  finish,  and  the  country  must  be  taken  as 
one  finds  it.  Eastern  hunt  clubmen  look  upon  the  sport  as  dangerous 
for  ladies,  but  in  the  records  of  the  hunt  clubs  of  the  San  Gabriel  valley 
there  have  been  few  accidents  and  no  tragedies. 

Pasadena,  Cal 


,^^^^^'j^kl- 


OFFICERS: 
President,  Chas.  F.  Lummis. 
Vice-President,  MarRaret  Collier  Graham. 
SecreUry.  Arthur  B.  Benton,  lU  N.  Spring  St. 
Treasurer,  Frank  K.  Gibson,  Cashier  Isi  Nat.  Bank. 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs   M    E.  Stilson. 

913  Kensington  Road,  Los  Angeles. 


AND     OTHER     HISTORIC 
LANDMARKS     OF     SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 

DiRBCTORS  : 

Frank  A.  Gibson. 
Henry  W   O'Melveny. 
■1.  Adam. 
Sumner  P.  Hunt. 
Arthur  B   Benton. 
Margaret  Collier  Graham. 
Chas.  F.  Lummis. 


Havinpf  secured  for  a  term  of  years  a  lease  on  the  buildings  and  grounds  do  acres) 
of  the  Mission  San  Juan  Capistrano,  the  Landmarks  Club  is  now  actively  pushing 
necessary  repairs  and  improvements  at  that  noble  ruin.  The  simplest  and  most 
pressing  repairs  will  come  first — putting  new  timbers  under  the  tile  roofs  which  are 
most  broken,  re-roofing  so  much  of  the  corridors  as  need  be  to  protect  adobe  walls 
from  the  dampness  which  now  attacks  their  bases,  staving  the  pillars  that  are  ready 
to  fall,  and  the  like. 

Miss  M.  Fannie  Wills,  whose  name  is  a  tower  of  strength  in  nearly  every  philan- 
thropic enterprise  in  Los  Angeles  has  accepted  the  chairmanship  of  the  Club  com- 
mittee on'membership ;  and  a  financial  campaign  moved  by  her  trained  energy  is  a 
foreseen  success. 

The  Club  is  indebted  for  liberal  assistance  to  very  many  of  the  newspapers  of 
Southern  California —  beginning  with  the  Los  Angeles  TV'w^'j  — and  to  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Chronicle,  the  Independent  of  New  York,  The  Critic  (N.  Y.),  the  Hartford  (Conn.) 
Courant,  and  other  Eastern  publications, 

Active  and  effective  work  for  the  Club  is  being  done  in  Pasadena  bj'  the  Pasadena 
committee,  Miss  Dows,  Miss  Dreer  and  Mrs  B.  Marshall  Wotkyns,  who  are  organizing 
an  entertainment  to  be  given  in  the  Hotel  Green,  Pasadena,  March  21st,  for  the  benefit 
of  the  Club.     In  that  rich  and  cultured  suburban  city  a  handsome  result  is  expected. 

The  Friday  Morning  Club  of  Los  Angeles  has  generously  proffered  the  use  of  its 
hall  for  an  eve'ning  reception,  and  promises  other  courtesies. 

Since  the  February  issue  of  this  magazine,  the  Club  has  been  given  an  unexpected 
chance  to  prove  the  need  of  some  such  organization.  Certain  Los  Angeles  city  oflScials 
having  started  a  movement  to  confiscate  the  historic  Plaza  and  cover  it  with  a  market 
building,  the  Landmarks  Club  made  a  vigorous  protest  and  promised  to  resist  such 
perversion  by  all  legal  steps  ;  whereupon  the  scheme  was  abandoned. 

CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  THE  CAUSE. 

About  10,000  feet  of  lumber  will  be  required  for  the  work  at  San  Juan.  The  Kerck- 
hoff-Cuzner  Lumber  Co  has  generously  donated  2000' ft.,  valued  at  $40;  and  it  is 
presumed  that  the  other  lumber  companies  will  be  no^.less  public-spirited  when  the 
committee  calls  upon  them. 

Previously  acknowledged,  cash  I55.50  ;  services'and  material,  $66.25  ;  total,  $121.75. 
New  contributions,  cash:  A.  Schwarzmann  (publisher  Puck,  N.  Y.).  $10 ;  Joseph  H. 
Johnson  (Bishop  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  for  the  new  diocese  of  Southern 
California),  $5:  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co,,  publishers,  Chicago.  $5;  Fred  Harkness,  $5; 
Geo.  J.  Denis,  U.  S.  District  Attorney.  $5;  John  Forster,  $5  ;  Frank  M.  Coulter,  $5; 
Geo.  W.  Marston,  San  Diego,  $5  ;  Jerry  Ilhch.  $5  ;  Gen.  J.  R.  Matthews,  $2. 

Ii.oo  each  :  Mary  Hallock  Foote  (author  of  The  Led  \Horse  Claim\,  Grass  Valley, 
Cal.;  Wm.  Hoyle,  El  Toro,  Cal.;  Jas.  Connolly,  San*  Diego ;  John  F.  Francis;  Mrs. 
John  F.  Francis  ;  Miss  Dominguez  ;  Howard  Longley  (Pasadena)  ;  C.  J.  Crandall  (Pas- 
adena) ;  W.  D.  Campbell.  Miss  Maude  B.  Foster.  Miss  Nancy  K.  Foster,  Chas  Stockton 
Knight,  J,  C.  Harvey.  E.  Nettleton,  J.  H,  Shankland,  Frank  W.  King,  J.  A.  Graves, 
Emmet  Graves,  E.  A  Pardee,  Fred  Harkness,  R.  Lacy,  Wm.  Lacy,  Wm.  R.  Rowland 
(Puenle),  Bradner  W.  Lee,  Guy  Barham.  Chas.  B.  Pironi.  Chas.  Ducommun,  Henry 
Van  der  Leek,  J.  W.  Hudson  (Puente),  T.  L.  Duque,  Benito  Duque,  John  Foster,  Miss 
Jennie  E  Collier  (So.  Pasadena),  Alfred  W.  H.  Peyton.  J.  M.  Shawhan,  Henry  Troth 
(Philadelphia),  J.  K.  Skinner,  J.  D.  Hooker.  Mrs.  J.  D.  Hooker.  Miss  Hooker. 

Through  the  Pasadena  committe,  |i  each  :    Mrs.  John  W.   Mitchell  (Providence, 
R.  I.).  Mrs.  R.  B.  Kellogg,  Mrs.  B.  Marshall  Wotkyns.  Miss  Wotkyns,  A.  E.  Norton, 
Mrs.  Edw.    Bain  (Kenosha,  Wis),  Miss  C.  E.  Thomas.   Mrs.  L.  A  Nurse,   Miss  Dows 
(New  York),  Mrs  C.  P.  Holder,  Mrs.  Seymour  Locke,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Kimball,  Mrs.  H.  A 
Dreer,  A.  N.  Dreer. 


l82 


The  Blond  Wizard. 

BY    EVE    LUMMIS. 

Iv  Guero  Shajua  ! "  The  Indians  of  the  pueblo  of 
Isleta,  N.  M,,  used  often  to  tell  me  of  him  —  the 
Yellow-haired  Wizard.  The  freak  of  blondness  is 
not  entirely  uncommon  among  Indians,  and  real 
albino  types  are  known  in  many  tribes.  There  are 
some  light-haired  people  in  Isleta  still ;  but  this 
particular  "  Guero"  lived  and  died  years  ago. 
He  was  always  to  be  seen  prowling  about  in  **  left-hand  places  ;  "  in  a 
deserted  room  of  some  crumbling  old  adobe,  behind  a  dark,  high  wall, 
or  in  a  shadowy  alley.  It  had  for  so  long  been  accepted  as  fact  that  he 
was  a  brujo  that  all  who  met  him  hurried  quickly  past,  scarce  daring  to 
glance  at  his  strange  face  with  its  scant  yellow  whiskers  and  its  crown  of 
unkempt,  yellow  hair.  Many  signs  had  been  tried  to  prove  if  he  really 
"had  the  Evil  Road,"  and  none  had  failed  to  convict  him.  A  housewife 
seeing  him  near  would  snatch  two  needles  and  hastily  stick  them  into 
the  door  in  the  shape  of  a  cross  ;  and  though  he  had  not  seen  it,  never 
would  he  enter  so  long  as  it  was  left  there.  Dogs  howled  at  night  when 
he  approached  ;  the  witches  could  be  heard  shrieking  and  crying  in  the 
rain,  and  much  harm  had  they  done  that  year. 

One  night  stalwart  young  Jose  Felipe  rose  to  get  a  drink  for  his  ailing 
wife.  What  was  that  noise  on  the  roof  by  the  chimney?  He  went  out 
to  see,  and  found  that  it  was  Guero  Shajua  making  witchcraft  there  to 
take  away  the  life  of  the  sick  woman  !  The  news  was  talked  of  all  over 
the  little  Indian  village  the  next  day  ;  the  governor  was  advised ;  the 
Junta  was  called,  and  the  verdict  of  one  and  all  was  that  the  wizard  must 
die  !  So  the  alguaciles  seized  him,  and  there  in  the  long,  low,  window- 
less  Indian  prison  they  set  him  astride  a  beam,  with  his  legs  crossed 
through  holes  under  him.  So  terrible  is  this  mode  of  punishment  — 
"riding  the  caballito,^^  or  little  horse,  the  Indians  call  it — that  the 
strongest  and  most  unruly  man  who  has  ever  had  a  taste  of  it  (except 
Guero  Shajua)  has  been  howling  with  pain  in  a  very  short  time.  But  he 
made  no  sign  of  suffering ;  and  they  who  watched  were  awed  at  his 
silence — until  at  last  he  began  to  sing  !  He  sang  through  the  long,  quiet 
days,  and  until  far  into  the  nights,  a  wierd,  strange  singing  that  made 
all  who  heard  it  shudder  and  cross  themselves. 

His  broken-hearted  mother  and  sisters  were  allowed  to  bring  him  each 
day  his  food  and  drink.  His  night  watchers  said  that  in  the  dark  hours 
when  the  witches  are  abroad  they  could  hear  Guero  Shajua  eating  of  that 
which  the  witches  brought  him  from  out  the  rat-holes  in  the  prison  floor. 
The  end  was  so  slow  to  come  that  the  Indians  were  still  more  con- 
vinced that  the  unfortunate  man  was  a  true  shajua,  for  no  honest 
person  could  endure  for  so  many  slow  weeks  to  sit  in  that  sunless  prison 
on  that  dreadful  caballito,  dying  indescribably  by  inches. 

But  at  last  death  remembered  him  ;  and  when  the  inhabitants  of  the 
pueblo  laid  the  body  of  this  martyr  to  superstition  away  in  the  ancient 
campo  santo  amid  the  bones  of  his  many  generations  of  ancestors,  they 
felt  that  a  curse  had  been  lifted  from  the  town. 

I>os  Angeles,  Cal. 


It  is  certainly  not  the  fault  of  this  young  magazine  that  it      teaching 
has  so  often   to  instruct  its  grandparent  in   the   due  art  of  '^'^^  old 

eviscerating  eggs  without  spoiling  their  calcareous  tegument. 
It  would  much  rather  the  Eastern  great  periodicals  and  text-books  did 
less  perennially  blunder — or,  if  they  must  trip,  that  they  would  correct 
themselves  or  one  another.  But  it  finds  no  hope  of  these  things  ;  and 
the  stern  sense  of  duty  which  it  inherits  with  its  Boston  vocabulary,  and 
finds  unevaporated  by  any  amount  of  airing  between  wider  horizons, 
leaves  it  no  alternative.  The  time  has  palpably  come  when  it  is  the 
inevitable  duty  of  the  West  to  start  a  kindergarten  ;  and  the  Tame  and 
Cottony  East  is  the  one  which  needs  to  go  to  school. 

Now  that  the  West  is  filling  with  people  as  well  instructed  as  those  of 
the  East,  and  much  better  educated — people  who  have  read  as  much  and 
seen  far  more — it  cannot  decently  dodge  the  responsibility  which  always 
goes  with  the  possession  of  wisdom.  It  cannot  longer  ignore  that  per- 
sistent ignorance  which  was  rather  pardonable  when  New  England  and 
Virginia  were  the  only  civilized  portions  of  the  United  States,  but  is 
now  a  discredit  to  our  Larger  America.  The  "  frontier  "  genuinely  cares 
for  scholarship  and  truth  ;  and  if  its  old  relatives  and  friends  back  in 
New  York  and  Boston  really  cannot  keep  their  '*  foremost  literary 
weeklies"  and  their  Millennium  Dictionaries  of  Names  and  their  mag- 
azines and  text-books  and  government  officials  from  constitutional 
blundering  through  everything  so  unknowable  as  half  the  United  States 
— why,  then  the  frontier  will  have  to  help  them,  that  is  all. 

The  time  has  gone  when 

"  The  bookful  blockhead,  ignoraatly  read  " 
could  have  sole  authority.  One  might  not  think  it,  to  read  Congress 
and  i>eriodical  literature  ;  but  while  both  achieve  more  sound  than  they 
used  to,  one  smiles  to  think  how  much  influence  both  once  had.  The 
time  has  come  when  a  little  more  moral  sense  needs  to  be  inducted  to 
those  who  make  and  those  who  sell  literature  —  both  for  the  profit  there 
is  in  it.  The  season  is  ripe  that  they  learn  what  common  honesty 
demands— that  those  who  peddle  their  words  shall  know  what  they  are 
talking  about.  Those  who  talk  without  knowing  are  as  sincerely 
swindlers  as  the  grocer  who  sands  your  sugar.  In  return  for  your 
honest  coin  they  sophisticate  your  understanding. 

No  publication  and  no  rally  of  publications  could  keep  up  with  the 
pace  of  the  blunders  of  them  ;  but  Western  periodicals  may  as  well 
begin  now,  patiently  and  soberly,  to  educate  by  littles  the  only  section 


IDEA. 


i84  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

left  in  the  United  States  which  is  bounded  on  one  side  by  the  books  it 
has  been  told  to  read,  and  on  the  other  by  all  the  things  it  has  never 
seen.  And  this  small  Westerner  will  do  its  modest  part.  If  the  truant 
officer  isn't  enough,  it  will  send  the  Foolkiller. 

BACK  The  Criiic  has  brought  Charles  Warren  Stoddard  to  life  again 

FROM  THE  with  apologics  for  having  killed  him  off.     As  the  Land  of 

Sunshine  was  the  only  magazine  in  the  United  States  to 
detect  the  homicide,  so  it  is  glad  to  be  first  to  acknowledge  the  atone- 
ment. It  is  grateful  when  any  periodical  is  not  so  ridiculous  as  never  to 
be  mistaken,  and  not  so  dishonest  as  to  count  a  blunder  well  stuck  to 
as  good  as  the  truth.  So  it  trusts  that 'Mr .  Stoddard  would  have  been 
allowed  to  live  again,  even  if  he  had  not  been  a  little  too  prominent  to 
be  kept  dead. 

ALONE  The  Overland  is  newly  occupied  in  advertising  itself  as  '*  the 

"^  '^^  only  illustrated  literary  Magazine  published  west  of  the  Rocky 

Mountains."  Which  is  a  mile  too  modest.  It  is  the  Only 
Illustrated  I/iterary  Magazine  published  in  the  World.     Of  its  kind. 

It  is  the  only  one  which  was  once  edited  by  Bret  Harte  and  is  now 
edited  by  Rounsevelle  Wildman. 

IT  CUTS  There  are  unblunted  Americans  that  would  hate  to  move  to  a 

^°^^  country  whose   aggregate  brains  and   conscience  were  of  no 

more  use  than  to  elect  habitually  as  its  president  a  fool,  liar, 
coward,  thief  and  general  scoundrel.  There  are  unblunted  Americans 
who  find  it  perhaps  hardly  more  charming  to  be  citizens  of  a  country 
which  deems  it  tolerable  (and  maybe  rather  humorous)  that  its  president 
shall  be  called  these  things. 

Mr.  Cleveland  was  not  the  Lion's  candidate  ;  but  the  Lion's  candidate 
was  not  elected  President  of  the  United  States,  and  Mr.  Cleveland  was. 
He  is  therefore  the  Lion's  president — and  the  president  of  every  other 
American  who  knows  what  a  country  is,  or  who  is  fit  to  have  a  country. 
He  is  the  head  of  a  nation,  and  not  of  the  alternate  townships  in  it.  We 
have  not  yet,  precisely  devised  a  mode  of  government  whereby  51  per 
cent,  of  the  people  shall  be  governed  at  a  time,  and  the  other  49  per  cent, 
go  unheaded  and  anarchic  for  four  years  at  a  run. 

If  this  nation  had  indeed  chosen  the  worst  man  in  it  to  be  its  chief 
magistrate,  we  should  need  less  to  impeach  him  than  the  majority  which 
erected  him.  But  every  man  who  does  not  proxy  his  conscience  and 
brains  knows  that  the  president  is  not  a  scoundrel  —  and  that  we  have 
never  had  a  president  who  was.  All  the  incumbents  of  that  high  office 
have  been  human.  All  have  had  their  faults  —  some,  serious  ones.  But 
not  one  has  ever  been  unfit  for  respect.  A  far  worse  man  will  have  to  sit 
in  the  White  House  than  ever  got  there  yet,  before  such  Americans  as 
sometimes  draw  a  sober  breath  of  thought  are  likely  to  forget  this  thing  : 
The  chief  magistrate  of  this  republic  is  a  fair  sample  (at  least)  of  the 
brains  and  morals  of  the  majority  of  its  citizens.  If  he  is  a  scrub,  he 
is  the  type  of  sixty  million  more. 

The  highest  office  in  the  gift  of  a  "  sovereign  people ' '  may  be  an 


IN    THE   LION'S   DEN.  185 

honor  or  it  may  not.  It  all  depends  on  the  sort  of  people.  If  they  are 
self-respecting  enough  to  respect  him  whom  they  have  put  at  their  head, 
the  greatest  man  who  ever  lived  may  well  be  proud  to  stand  there.  But 
if  they  are  of  the  stripe  to  tolerate  the  unspeakable  Tillmans,  and  to 
blackguard  and  "  Grover  "  and  "Judas  "  their  own  executive — why,  they 
deserve  to  get  a  president  precisely  as  bad  as  they  may  see  fit  to  call 
whatever  one  they  have. 

Every  sane  man  knows  that  the  character  of  the  president  has  nothing 
to  do  with  the  partisan  howl  about  him.  If  it  were  possible  to  put  the 
Angel  Gabriel  in  the  White  House,  he  would  be  vilified  and"sassed" 
the  same.  It  is  all  merely  a  part  of  that  same  ghastly  flippancy  the 
public  prints  have  taught  us  in  every  direction  ;  that  lack  of  respect  for 
others  which  ends  in  loss  of  self-respect.  And  it  is  time  for  Americans 
who  care  either  for  their  own  manners  or  for  the  dignity  of  the  nation 
to  put  a  stop  to  this  sort  of  thing. 

We  all  know  that  Indians  are  superstitious.     That  is  their      the 
place.     Humanity  would  be  perfect  if  there  were  no  foreign-  fetich 

ers  ;  and  God  has  wisely  created  the  Indian  to  be  superstitious,  of  print. 

just  as  he  invented  the  Englishman  to  be  the  only  man  on  earth  who 
would  take  anything  if  he  had  a  chance,  and  the  Frenchman  to  be  an 
immoral  frog-eater,  and  the  Spaniard  to  be  a  cruel  exterminator,  and  the 
German  to  be  a  beer-bibber. 

That  is,  of  course,  an  American  God.  In  England  He  is  the  same, 
with  the  trifling  difference  that  He  lives  in  Great  Britain  and  rents 
America.  In  France  He  cannot  talk  English,  and  is  not  conscious  of 
the  United  States  except  when  the  sound  of  the  Senate  nuisances  heaven. 
And  it  may  be  recalled  that  the  Hottentots  picture  the  devil  as  white. 

These  are  the  natural  amenities  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Man  as  she  is 
understood  in  the  year  of  grace  1896. 

How  far  we  have  graduated  from  thinking  with  our  memories — which 
is  what  superstition  means — is  clear  to  everj'  lucid  person  who  knows  us. 
Thirteens,  and  Fridays,  and  spilled  salt,  and  opals,  and  sword-button 
coats  with  nicked  lapels,  and  sidesaddles,  and  all  that  sort  of  thing — these 
are  not  superstitions  but — er — well,  they  are  "  notions."  And  the  weight 
we  give  to  type  shows  how  completely  we  have  outgrown  fetichism. 

Time  was  when  print  meant  that  someone  believed  something  —  and 
believed  it  deep  enough  to  go  to  trouble  and  expense  and  out  of  the 
fashion.  It  was  from  this  point  the  tradition  arose.  So  much  of  man- 
kind as  could  read  what  its  exceptional  fellow  had  sworn  in  black-letter 
on  a  white  page,  respected  his  zeal  if  not  all  his  logic. 

Fetichism  among  savages  is  largely  the  survival  of  a  husk  after  the 
corn  is  lost.  It  is  the  clothing  of  a  symbol  with  the  attributes  of  the 
thing  symbolized.  It  is  never  wholly  false  in  its  inception,  and  never 
quite  truthful  in  its  continuance. 

We  know  nowadays  that  books  are  no  longer  written  by  necessity.  It 
is  become  rather  hard  to  hold  up  one's  head  in  polite  society  if  one  have 
not  published  a  more  or  less  worthless  volume.  We  know  that  while 
there  are  still  newspapers  which  carry  the  personality  of  strong  men, 
the  Sam  Bowles  and  Horace  Greeley  type  is  now  very  lonesome.  And 
yet  it  is  hard  to  escape  the  traditional  authority  of  print.  The  author  of 
a  bad  book  is  more  envied  in  our  day  than  Dante  was  in  his.  We  can  be 
swung  into  grave  transactions  by  the  printed  declaration  of  a  reporter 
or  editor  whose  vocal  word  we  would  not  accept  as  eligible  to  decide  a 
swap  of  poodle-dogs.  It  is  true  that  the  honest  author  or  journalist 
weighs  more  with  us  ;  but  when  we  escape  the  superstition  of  print,  the 
other  kind  of  author  and  journalist  will  not  weigh  with  us  at  all.  And 
that  time  looks  to  be  a  long  way  ofif. 


THAT 

WHICH  IS 
WRITTE 


WHAT  THE 
ANIMALS 

DID  FOR  MAN 


VERY  probably  Prof.  N.  S.  Shaler  is 
still  saying  to  his  classes  at  Harvard,  as 
he  used  to  say  seventeen  or  eighteen  years 
ago:  "Use  your  brains,  gentlemen.  Use  what  brains 
you  have  !  "  Undoubtedly,  too,  he  is  as  keenly  admired  and 
loved  by  his  pupils  now  as  he  was  then.  But  in  that  time  he 
has  vastly  broadened  his  audience  ;  and  besides  the  few  hundred 
college  boys  who  find  him  face  to  face  the  most  interesting  of  teachers, 
a  very  large  public  has  learned  to  look  to  him  for  some  of  the  most  lucid, 
most  learnable  and  most  authoritative  instruction  that  is  given  in  our 
day.  For  he  is  a  man  who  uses  his  own  brains — and  enables  other  people 
to  get  the  good  of  them  too.  He  is  one  of  the  few  who  give  us  "popular 
science  "  that  is  really  science  and  really  popular. 

Even  to  those  who  expect  most  of  Prof.  Shaler,  his  latest  volume, 
Domesticated  Animals,  is  likely  to  be  a  surprise.  It  is  as  fascinating  as 
valuable.  Not  only  the  domesticated  animals — the  dog,  beasts  of  burden, 
the  horse  and  birds  —  which  are  in  themselves  a  type  of  wide  human 
interest,  but  "their  relation  to  man  and  to  his  advancement  in  civiliza- 
tion "  (as  the  sub-title  puts  it),  are  treated  in  these  admirable  pages. 
This  deep  and  suggestive  and  too  seldom  realized  fact  that  the  animals 
of  his  adoption  have  done  as  much  for  man  as  he  has  done  for  them  ; 
that  his  savage  first  reaching  out  for  their  service  and  companionship 
was  his  own  first  step  into  many  of  the  varying  paths  whereby  he  has 
come  up  to  civilization  — these  things  have  never  before  been  shown  so 
clearly,  so  charmingly,  nor,  perhaps,  with  so  full  scientific  insight.  How 
his  brute  dependents  developed  in  primitive  man  the  germs  of  fore- 
thought, of  care,  of  sympathy,  is  no  less  captivating  a  line  of  thought 
than  the  commoner  and  more  exploited  realization  how  they  enabled 
him  to  add  war  and  commerce  and  exploration  to  his  original  narrow 
program.  Suggestive  and  valuable,  too,  are  Prof  Shaler's  foreshadow- 
ings  of  the  further  material  benefits  man  may  get  from  the  domesticated 
animals  by  proper  breeding  to  develop  certain  qualities. 

As  mere  reading,  this  book  is  an  uncommon  pleasure  ;  as  a  forwarder 
of  knowledge  it  is  of  great  profit.  Handsomely  dressed,  profusely 
illustrated,  it  is  in  every  way  a  credit  to  its  contents. 

Criticism  cannot  be  ungracious  to  such  a  book ;  and  indeed  its  utmost 
flaw  is  a  very  slight  one.  Prof.  Shaler's  estimate  of  the  character  of  the 
brutes  seems  sometimes  rather  selfishly  human  —  in  accounting  to  them 
for  virtues  the  qualities  which  make  them  serviceable  to  a  master. 
Admitting  the  intelligence  of  the  cats,  for  instance,  he  rather  finds  them 


THAT   WHICH    IS    WRITTEN.  187 

unadmirable  simply  because  they  retain  their  independence.  But  if  not 
quite  ready  to  admit  that  what  is  noble  in  a  man  should  hardly  be  sinful 
in  a  quadruped.  Prof.  Shaler  has  done  more,  probably,  than  any  other 
scientist  to  prove  the  humanity  of  the  beasts — as  Kipling  has  done  more 
than  any  other  writer  to  make  it  felt.     Chas.  Scribner's  Sons,  N.  Y.,  $2.50. 

When  Mark  Twain  sets  a  character  to  making  a  collection  of  a  new 
echoes,  and  all  that  sort  of  thing,  we  are  primed  to  enjoy  it.  school  of 

That  is  what  Mr.  Clemens  is  for.     He  has  a  special  dispensation  impossibles. 

of  Hartford  to  stand  the  multiplication-table  on  its  head  and  make  a 
monkey  of  gravitation.  But  he  is  the  only  man  who  has  taken  out  a 
licence  to  do  these  things. 

Twain  once  wrote  a  story  whose  complications  waxed  more  frightful 
with  every  page.  And  when  one's  hair  was  supremely  up-ended  and  the 
plot  an  ineluctable  mess,  he  coolly  dropped  us  with  :  "  Maybe  the  reader 
can  get  the  hero  out  of  this  scrape  —  I'll  be  hanged  if  I  can  !  " 

The  Black  Cat  (presumably  named  after  one  of  the  most  remarkable 
tales  ever  written)  is  a  new,  and  so  far  successful,  Boston  magazinelet  of 
short  stories.  There  is  no  Poe  among  the  contributors — and  it  seems  to 
be  taken  at  its  word  that  known  names  have  no  weight  with  it.  Its 
stories  are  original  and  unpadded  ;  though  so  much  is  hardly  a  new 
thing  under  the  sun.  But  it  is  unique  as  the  only  periodical  that  ever 
accepted  Twain's  grim  joke  as  a  serious  possibility.  Its  January  number 
has  two  stories  gravely  manufactured  under  the  new  patent. 

It  is  a  labor-saving  invention  for  authors.  Any  penman  can  mix  a 
mystery,  if  he  doesn't  have  to  explain  it.  But  all  readers  except  very 
innocent  ones  will  rebel.  Our  last  taste  of  any  similar  sell  in  "litera- 
ture" was  the  trick  of  the  advertising  fiend  (and  even  he  has  outgrown 
it  now)  who  lured  us  into  a  charming  love-story  which  wound  up  with 
the  heroine's  begging  her  lover  to  buy  her  a  box  of  Plunkett's  Large 
Liver  Pills. 

The  Gold  Fish  of  Gran  Chimu,  by  Chas.  F.  Lummis,  is  just  coram 
out,  an  exquisite  specimen  of  book-making.     Hy.    Sandham,  non 

of  The  Century,  is  the  illustrator  ;   and  his  drawings,  repro-  JUDICE. 

duced  by  the  gelatine  process,  are  delightful.  What  is  as  much,  they 
really  illustrate — as  they  are  based  on  the  author's  photographs,  while 
the  head-  and  tail-pieces  are  drawn  from  antiquities  exhumed  by  him  in 
the  ancient  Peruvian  ruins.  The  story  is  of  adventure  in  Peru  — one  of 
the  few  places  in  the  New  World  where  tales  of  buried  treasure  are  not 
necessarily  absurd.  Those  who  like  the  author's  other  books  will  prob- 
ably like  this;  those  who  don't,  probably  will  not.  Lamson,  Wolffe  & 
Co.,  Boston. 

The  Chap  Book,  like  "  Massa  "  of  the  war-time  song,  is  ^^d 

"  Big  enough,  old  enough,  YET  I 

Ought  to  knowed  better 
Dan  to  went  and  run  away  "  '-"^^  ' '  • 

with   its  present  brand  of  spelling.      German,   Spanish,    French  and 

English  are  all  impartially  led  like  lambs  to  the  slaughter  in  its  pages  ; 

and  we  get  "Sturm  and  Draug,"  "chaparel"  and  a  polyglot  of  other 


i88  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 

atrocities.  No  reader  will  complain  at  the  doubling  of  its  price,  if  the 
increment  goes  to  hiring  a  proofreader.  Also,  someone  to  discriminate 
as  to  the  Bloomingdale  contributor.  For  a  story  may  be  crazy  and  yet 
not  adapted  to  a  Periodical  of  the  Modern. 

AND  The  Jew  of  Malta  would  scarce  find  "  infinite  riches  in  a  little 

THE  MOON  »s  room  "  if  it  chanced  to  be  The  Little  Room  of  Madelene  Yale 

GREEN  CHEESE.  WyHue's  architecture.  Still,  he  would  discover  comfortable 
circumstances  in  it.  Mrs.  Wynne  seems  to  have  inherited  imagination 
and  dexterity  (her  father  invented  the  Yale  lock)  ;  but  she  is  trying  the 
wrong  key.  These  six  interesting  short  stories  are  disrespectful  to  the 
reader.  Children  permit  all  sorts  of  liberties  with  sense  in  the  stories 
for  them  ;  and  in  adult  literature  there  is  welcome  for  improbability  if 
only  it  be  made  reasonably  plausible.  But  stark,  staring  impossibility, 
unapologised  and  impolite,  while  it  may  do  for  nursery  tales  and  unripe 
adults,  will  never  make  its  peace  with  those  who  finally  adjudicate 
literature.  Even  in  these  titillated  days  we  do  not  quite  forget  that  one 
cannot  walk  with  one's  feet  off  the  ground.  We  would  laugh  the 
novelist  out  of  court  who  should  soberly  make  his  hero  a  gentleman 
without  a  head,  walking,  talking  and  falling  in  love  with  no  pretence  of 
mollifying  our  outraged  common  sense  but  quite  as  a  matter  of  course. 
W^e  might  be  brought  to  accept  headless  lovers  as  easily  as  we  do  brain- 
less writers  ;  but  it  takes  diplomacy  to  reconcile  our  minds  to  either.  A 
master  dares  sometimes  to  leave  his  story  a  mystery  ;  but  mystery  is  one 
thing,  absurdity  qnite  another.  Soberly  looked  at  —  as  literature  is 
presumed  to  be,  sooner  or  later — Mrs.  Wynne's  stories  are  ridiculous, 
despite  their  cleverness  and  grace.  The  book  is  particularly  tasteful  in 
dress.  Way  &  Williams,  Chicago,  $1.25. 
NOTES.  Beatrice  Harraden,  who  is  again  wintering  in  Southern  California,  is 

soon  to  publish  her  new  story  Hilda  Stafford.  As  Miss  Harraden  is 
regaining  health  under  these  skies,  it  is  permissible  to  hope  in  a  friendly 
way  that  her  eyesight  also  may  be  benefitted,  and  that  the  story  may  not 
after  all  take  so  provincial  a  view  as  was  threatened  last  year. 

Way  &  Williams,  Chicago,  send  us  advance  sheets  of  a  handsome  re- 
print of  the  Battle  of  Dorking.  This  realistic  imaginary  narrative  of  a 
conquest  of  England  by  the  Germans  made  a  tremendous  hit  in  its  day  ; 
and  amid  the  present  rumors  of  war  is  timely  for  re-reading. 

Flora  Haines  Longhead,  of  Santa  Barbara,  one  of  the  best-known 
writers  of  the  Coast,  has  dramatized  one  of  her  clever  stories  under  the 
name  A  Woman  in  Politics. 

Competition  as  it  is  between  the  Eastern  magazines  may  be  the  life 
of  trade,  but  it  does  not  exactly  exalt  art.  One  is  genuinely  sorry  to  see 
the  Cosmopolitan's  familiar  and  characteristic  cover  replaced  by  the 
unaccounted  bust  of  a  lady  whose  hair  seems  to  have  been  washed  with 
Good  Morning  Soap. 

Prof.  Melville  B.  Anderson,  of  the  Stanford  University,  is  winning 
critical  praise  for  his  admirable  translation  of  Saint-Pierre's  enduring 
Paul  et  Virginie.     A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago. 

In  the  Midland  Monthly's  recent  competition  the  short-story  prize  was 
won  by  (Mrs.)  J.  Torrey  Connor  of  Los  Angeles,  a  frequent  contributor 
to  these  pages.  Her  story,  "  Greater  Love  Hath  No  Man  Than  This,"  is 
printed  in  the  January  Midland. 

Walter  Blackburn  Harte,  who  by  his  first  book  {Meditations  in  Motley) 
stepped  into  prominence  among  American  essayists,  has  started  a 
characteristic  little  monthly.  The  Fly  Leaf,  calculated  to  distend  the 
City  of  Culture.  In  these  days  one  who  has  a  mind  of  his  own  and  type 
to  say  so  is  marked  anywhere  ;  and  particularly  where  conservatism  has 
come  with  age,  and  timidity  with  conservatism.  The  Fly  Leaf  is  worth 
turning.     269  St.  Botolph  St.,  Boston,  $1  a  year. 


i89 


Claremont. 


^gN^HERE  are  many  visitors  to  Southern  California  who  never  see 
^^1  Claremont,  for  it  is  neither  a  big  town  nor  noisy  about  itself; 
^  but  if  they  do  not,  it  is  a  good  deal  more  their  loss  than  Clare- 
mont's. 

Thirty-seven  miles  east  of  Los  Angeles,  two  and  a  half  north  of 
Pomona,  this  pretty  little  college  town  lies  on  one  of  the  choicest  sec- 
tions of  the  slope  of  the  "Mother  Mountains,"  not  only  commanding 
the  superb  valley,  but  with  such  a  view  of  the  peaks  as  very  few  localities 
have.  It  is  the  nearest  town  to  Mt.  San  Antonio  ("Old  Baldy") ;  and 
the  io,ioo  feet  of  that  snow-peaked  giant  —  not  veiled  by  the  outer 
ranges,  as  elsewhere,  but  revealed  through  a  great  gap  in  the  mountain 
wall  —  seems  in  certain  lights  almost  to  overhang  the  village. 

The  first  thing  about  Claremont  is  naturally  the  college  —  Pomona 


L.  A.  Eng.  Co 


A   CLAREMONT   HOME 
(Residence  of  Geo.  P.  Ferris.  Jr.) 


Photo,  by  Waite. 


College.  This  small  institution,  which  David  Starr  Jordan  pronounces 
"the  best  plain  college  west  of  Colorado,"  is  restful  to  educated  people 
in  these  days  of  multiplying  cross-roads  "  universities."  It  is  just  a  col- 
lege, without  any  side-shows  ;  a  young,  honest,  earnest  college,  with  a 
faculty  of  men  who  are  there  not  because  they  could  get  no  job  else- 
where, but  for  similar  reasons  to  those  which  cause  one  of  the  foremost 
musical  scientists  in  America  to  be  on  its  roll  ;  with  a  permanent  teach- 
ing force,  because  these  competent  men  like  not  only  the  climate  which 
gives  new  life  to  their  families,  but  also  the  fibre  of  the  college.  It  has 
no  ambition  to  grow  so  large  that  it  cannot  get  at  the  individual  pupil 
for  all  there  is  in  him.  It  has  every  surrounding  to  make  its  work 
effective  ;  not  one  to  undo  by  evenings  and  holidays  what  the  college 
has  done  in  class-hours.  Its  degrees  are  recognized  in  the  best  graduate 
schools  —  and  in  fine,  as  this  magazine  has  had  occasion  to  remark  before 
now,  editorially,  Pomona  College  is  the  sort  of  thing  educated  people  in 
Southern  California  are  proud  to  have  here. 

UliutratioB*  frtm  pbotoi  by  Watte,  Lot  Aogtlet. 


uvimv 


"  "ii 

r^ 

1 

IP 

1                                            I^kSH^I 

1                          i'       ,  ^H 

CLAREMONT. 


191 


L.  A.  Eng   Co  CYRUS    W.    HOLMES.    JR.,    HALL      POMONA    COLLEGE.  I'lK.to.  by  W.ute. 

The  elevation  of  Claremont  is  about  1200  feet  ;  and  this,  with  its 
slope  up-tilted  to  the  southern  sun,  makes  it  not  only  a  charming  place 
of  residence  but  a  successful  competitor  among  the  numerous  fruit-grow- 
ing "  best  points  "  in  Southern  California.  As  fruitgrowers  are  rapidly 
learning,  the  lemon  is  as  exacting  in  the  matter  of  climate  as  an  invalid 
is,  and  they  are  now  hunting  out  the  favored  spots  where  the  mercury 
stays  above  the  danger  point  all  the  time,  and  where  high  winds  are  a 
rarity.  The  stretch  of  country  south  and  west  of  that  great  gap  in  the 
mountains  known  as  San  Antonio  Caiion  has  been  tried  and  tested  and 
found  peculiarly  adapted  in  soil,  climate  and  water  supply  to  successful 
lemon  culture,  and  where  the  lemon  will  grow,  there  is  no  question  of 
the  orange  or  olive. 

Its  lemons  and  oranges,  which  are  never  frosted,  are  famous  ;  and  it 
is  peculiarly  adapted,  also,  to  the  olive.  Rev.  C.  F.  Loop,  a  pioneer  whd 
is  probably  the  father  of  olive-culture  in  this  part  of  the  country, 
resides  in  Claremont.  He  has  been  one  of  the  most  tireless  and  intelli- 
gent students  of  this  not  yet  wholly  understood  berry,  and  is  still  doing 
most  important  work  in  the  introduction  of  the  best  varieties. 

The  Mission  fathers  not  only  selected  the  most  delightful  and  pro- 
ductive spots  for  settlement,  but  with  almost  unerring  wisdom  fixed 
upon  the  right  thing  to  cultivate,  and  the  olive  was  one  of  their  favorites. 


L.  A.  Kns.  Co. 


RESIDENCE  OF  C     F.    LOOP,  JR. 


192 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


Mausard-CoUier  Eng.  Co. 


RESIDENCE  OF  THOS.    BARROWS. 


Photo,  by  Waite. 


It  has  taken  the  modern  Californian  a  long  time  to  appreciate  this  ;  but 
the  great  and  growing  demand  for  the  palatable  oil  and  delicious  pickled 
berry  has  made  an  impress,  and  much  enterprise  is  being  shown  in  this 
locality. 

West  of  town  is  a  large  area  of  damp  land  as  peculiarly  adapted  to 
celery -growing  as  the  famous  Michigan  celery  fields. 

The  Sycamore  Water  Development  Company  furnishes  Claremont 
with  abundance  of  the  best  water,  from  a  long  tunnel  fed  by  artesian 
wells.  The  tremendous  gradients  of  San  Antonio  Cation,  above  the 
town,  provide  water-power  energy  suflScient  for  all  needs  of  Clare- 
mont now  and  for  progressive  generations.  The  college  and  town  are 
already  lighted  by  electricity,  and  the  same  wonderful  agent  will  pres- 
ently play  a  still  more  important  part  there.  ^ 


®p' 


Spring  Festivals. 

►HE  annual  celebration  known  as  La  Fiesta  de  Los  Angeles 
come?  this  year  April  2rst  to  25th.  The  annual  flower  festival 
of  Santa  Barbara  precedes  it  one  week.  Various  other  localities 
will  arrange  for  festivals  at  about  the  same  time,  that  guests  from  the 
East  may  enjoy  as  many  as  possible  of  the  picturesque  and  interesting 
features  of  this  section. 

The  Santa  Barbara  flower  festival  is  thoroughly  unique,  and  contains 
many  features  that  could  not  be  reproduced  in  a  larger  city. 

Preparations  for  La  Fiesta  de  Los  Angeles  are  now  so  well  under  way 
that  its  success  as  a  characteristic  and  interesting  event  may  safely  be 
predicted.  It  is  being  extensively  advertised  in  the  East,  and  will  be 
not  only  a  great  attraction  to  tourists  but  a  large  benefit  to  all  Southern 
California. 

The  April  number  of  the  Land  of  Sunshinb  will  contain  an  author- 
itative article  from  a  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  setting  forth  in 
detail  the  nature  of  this  year's  La  Fiesta,  The  May  number  (which  will 
appear  during  the  week  of  the  celebration)  will  present  a  full  descriptive 
article,  with  engravings,  of  the  leading  features  of  the  great  festival. 


193 


The  Plateau  ok  Sierra  Madre. 

SOUTHERN   CAIvIFORNIA  is  the  happy  land  where    every  man 
lives  in  the  best  town  and  has  the  finest  place  and  the  most  beau- 
tiful view  in  the  whole  country.     And  the  pleasure  of  it  is  that 
every  man  is  right. 

Travelers  vary,  too  ;  and  if  a  universal  poll  could  be  taken  of  all  who 
have  ever  visited  Southern  California,  the  probability  is  that  there  would 
be  about  as  many  "  favorite  spots  "  as  there  are  postoffices. 

But  whatever  may  be  the  particular  predilection  of  the  traveler,  it  is  a 
safe  guess  that  anyone  who  once  visits  Sierra  Madre  will  never  forget  the 
spot ;  and  such  visitors  as  Helen  Hunt  Jackson,  Gen.  Sherman  and  Mrs. 
Custer,  always  remembered  that  magic,  swift  acclivity  from  the  plain  to 
the  mountains  as  among  their  most  fascinating  experiences. 


Mansard -Collier  Kui 


THE  WESTERN   EDGE  OF  THE  PLATEAU. 


Above  the  great  domain  of  "Lucky  "  Baldwin's  famous  ranch,  fringed 
with  orchard-like  groves  of  noble  live-oaks,  a  broad,  tilted  plateau  —  con- 
spicuously elevated,  next  the  foothills,  above  the  country  on  either  side 
—  walled  behind  by  the  sudden  mountains,  slopes  away  in  front  to  the 
general  contour  of  the  San  Gabriel  valley.  On  the  western  rim  of  this 
mesa  stands  Kinneloa  ;  on  the  eastern,  Carterhia,  both  controlling  water- 
supplies  which  never  fail  ;  and  below  and  between  them  the  beautiful 
little  town  of  Sierra  Madre  —  all  reached  by  a  little  stage  ride  from 
Lamanda  Park  or  Santa  Anita  stations  on  the  Santa  F^  route,  an  hour  by 
train  east  of  Los  Angeles. 

This  locality,  exceptionally  beautiful  even  for  California,  is  dotted  with 


t94 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


IN    HUNAR   CANYON,    KINNELOA. 


Photo,  by  Waite. 


THE   PLATEAU    OF   SIERRA    MADRE. 


^95 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


RESIDENCE  OF  HON.    ABBOTT  KINNEY,    KINNELOA.        Photo,  by  Waite. 


the  attractive  homes  of  people  who  have  retired  from  the  dollar-hunt  — 
and  of  some  whose  business  keeps  them  in  Los  Angeles  only  a  few  hours 
of  the  day.      It  is  noted  for  its  salubriousness,  the  superiority  of  its 


MaUMU-CulliM  ia».  Co. 


SIERRA    MADRE   VJLLA. 
Among  the  OrMi(e  Urovet. 


Photo,  by  W»it«, 


1"? 

ft:  .-2 


PLATEAU   OF  SIERRA    MADRE. 


197 


Mausard-Collier  Eng.  Co. 


SIERRA    MADRE    SANATl-  :-xl  c 
Residence  of  ,1.  K.  Colirs  at  right. 


oranges,  its  panoramic  outlook  of  mountain  and  valley  and  the  far-shim- 
mering sea. 

Kinneloa,  the  residence  of  Hon.  Abbott  Kinney,  is  one  of  the  places 
to  which  Southern  Californians  "  point  with  pride  ;"  and  its  associations 
are  no  less  attractive  than  its  visible  beauty.  Its  site  is  a  spot  famous  in 
Indian  tradition,  known  in  times  before  the  Spaniards  as  Muscupiabe, 
"  the  place  of  signals."  Here  was  the  starting  point  of  the  prehistoric 
trail  into  the  Sierra  Madre  range,  and  over  it  into  Antelope  valley  ;  and 
Hunar  ("bear  ")  canon  gets  its  name  from  the  fact  that  bruin  traveled 
the  same  road,  frequently,  to  get  down  into  the  valley.     Holy  Cross 


MaoMrd-Colliar  Eog.  Co. 


RESIDENCE  OF  WARREN  S.   PORTER. 


Photo,  by  Walt* 


19^  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


Mausard-Collier  Eng.  Co,  RESIDENCE  OF  C.   H.   BROWN. 

canon  is  another  of  the  attractions  of  Kinneloa.  Here,  according  to 
later  Indian  legend  (crudely  based  on  ideas  gathered  from  the  mission- 
aries), the  aboriginal  satan,  Tauquitz,  used  to  hold  the  orgies  which 
caused  earthquakes  ;  and  here  the  angel  Gabriel  (whose  mission  is  in  the 
valley  below)  imprisoned  the  fiend  and  sealed  his  granite  prison  forever 
with  a  cross  which  is  still  plainly  visible. 

Helen  Hunt  Jackson,  with  whom  Mr.  Kinney  was  associated  as  special 
Indian  commissioner,  spent  considerable  time  here ;  and  here  were  writ- 
ten some  of  her  sonnets,  A  description  of  Kinneloa,  and  a  story  based 
on  disconnected  facts  relating  to  it,  was  published  by  her  for  children, 
under  title  The  Hunter  Cats  of  Connor loa.  Much  of  the  beauty  of  the 
place  is  due  to  the  taste  of  Hy.  Sandham,  a  Boston  artist  who  is  now  one 
of  the  prominent  illustrators  of  The  Century  magazine. 

Carterhia  is  the  home  of  N.  C.  Carter,  on  the  eastern  edge  of  the  plat- 
eau. It  stands  upon  a  commanding  knoll,  in  front  of  the  entrance  to 
little  Santa  Anita  Caiion,  on  the  trail  built  to  Wilson's  Peak  in  early 
days  by  Don  Benito  Wilson,  to  bring  down  timber  from  the  great  pine 
forests.  Set  amid  its  semi-tropic  wealth  of  trees  and  flowers,  with  its 
magnificent  view,  Carterhia  is  a  picture  never  to  be  forgotten  by  those 
who  have  once  seen  it.  Mr.  Carter  was  an  invalid  when  he  acquired 
this  superb  domain,  then  raw,  in  1881  ;  but  he  soon  found  health,  and 
energy  not  only  to  make  Carterhia  beautiful,  but  presently  also  to  lay 
out  the  town  of  Sierra  Madre. 

The  famous  Sierra  Madre  Villa  —  a  favorite  resort  of  discriminating 
travelers  —  occupies  another  fine  location  on  this  slope  ;  and  on  another 
is  the  Sierra  Madre  Sanatorium,  which  is  not  a  hospital  but  a  resort  where 
the  delicate  are  even  less  exposed  to  contact  with  the  much-sick  than  in 
the  average  hotel.     The  town  of  Sierra  Madre  itself  has  also  a  good  hotel. 

The  slope  of  Sierra  Madre  has  not  only  beautiful  homes  and  charming 
resorts,  but  good  schools  and  churches  and  the  other  accessories  with 
which  cultivated  and  well-to-do  Americans  surround  themselves  when 
they  settle  down  to  live  for  life's  sake. 


199 

Chula  Vista, 


BY    LINDA    BELL    COLSON 


WT  will  be  remembered  that  in  Mrs.  Jackson's  fascinating  book,  after 
I  Ramona  and  Alessandro  were  married  by  Father  Gaspara  in  the 
J^  poverty-stricken  little  chapel  in  old  San  Diego,  they  rode  away  into 
the  country,  along  a  road  which  led  over  a  high  mesa  covered  with  low 
shrub  growth.  This  is  said  to  have  been  the  old  Fort  Yuma  road,  which 
was  built  in  those  early  troublous  days  to  carry  troops  and  supplies  to 
the  fort  on  the  edge  of  the  desert.  This  road  runs  diagonally  across  the 
tract  ot  land  now  known  as  Chula  Vista  ;  and  though  the  mocking  bird's 
varied  notes  and  the  meadow  lark's  liquid  call  still  sound  as  sweetly  as 
when  Ramona  and  Alessandro  rode  through  it  in  the  fragrant  freshness 
of  the  early  summer  morning,  all  else  is  changed,  and  where,  even  so 
short  a  time  ago  as  seven  years,  the  sage  brush  and  the  bunch  grass 
flourished,  the  jack  rabbit  and  the  coyote  made  their  home,  and 
the  saucy  tecolote,  with  head  on  one  side,  sat  nodding  unmolested  by  his 
hole,  is  now  covered  with  flourishing  orange  and  lemon  groves. 

These  are  divided  into  orchards  of  from  five  to  twenty  acres,   and 
many  of  them  have  pleasant  home-like  houses,  half  hidden  among  trees 


I..  A.  Eng.  Co.  A   VIEW  IN  CHULA   VISTA. 

and  vines,  with  roses  and  lilies  in  abundance  and  prettily  playing  foun- 
tains. Broad  avenues,  eighty  feet  wide,  bordered  by  palms,  feathery 
pepper  trees  and  graceful  grevillia  robustas  divide  these  groves. 

This  tract  of  land  which  slopes  to  the  sea  and  is  five  miles  long  and 
three  miles  wide,  was  donated,  with  other  lands,  to  a  Boston  syndicate — 
the  San  Diego  Land  and  Town  Company  —  about  fifteen  years  ago,  by 
the  Kimball  Bros,  and  others,  to  whom  the  immense  Mexican  grant, 
known  as  the  Rancho  de  la  Nacion  belonged.  The  Kimball  Bros,  gave 
up  this  choice  bit  of  their  domain,  comprising  in  all  5,500  acres,  to- 
gether with  other  valuable  concessions,  on  condition  that  the  Land  and 
Town  Company  should  build  for  San  Diego  the  now  existing  Southern 
California  Railway. 

Chula  Vista  —  the  name  falls  musically  on  the  ear.  It  has  been  well 
called  in  colloquial  Spanish,  meaning  the  pet  of  pretty  views.  No- 
where is  there  anything  grand,  magnificent,  or  overpowering,  but  at 
every  turn  some  pretty  view,  soft,  soothing  and  restful  charms  the  eye. 
Now  a  dainty  vista  of  shaded  avenue,  now  a  stretch  of  purpled  moun- 
tain, now  a  gleam  of  shimmering  ocean.     From  the  little  balcony  where 


200 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


I  sit  writing,  a  lovely  view  lies  before  me.  In  the  near  foreground  the 
brilliant  dark  green  masses  of  orange  and  lemon  groves  ;  in  the  valley 
below,  the  sinuous  lines  of  willow  trees  marking  the  course  of  the  river  ; 
to  the  west  the  changing  blue  of  the  ocean  with  the  Coronado  hotel, 
Point  Loma,  and  San  Diego  nine  miles  away  in  full  view  ;  and  on  all 
sides  but  the  bay  front,  the  mountains  rising  in  tiers  above  the  golden 
brown  hills,  now  yellow,  blue,  crimson  or  purple  shadowed,  everchang- 
ing,  ever  beautiful.  The  bold  gaunt  knob  of  Lion's  Peak  towering 
above  all  the  broad  range  of  Cuyamacas,  in  winter  crystal-tipped  with 
snow,  but  most  in  evidence  the  group  of  San  Miguels,  known  as  Father, 
Mother  and  Little  Miguel,  though  so  affectionately  linked  together  that 
only  when  the  light  is  in  a  certain  direction  can  one  tell  that  there  are 
three. 

It  is  on  the  top  of  old  Father  Miguel  that  Mrs.  Proctor,  the  widow  of 
the  great  English  astronomer,  is  desirous  of  building  an  observatory. 
Some  years  ago  when  she  came  to  California  in  search  of  a  suitable  loca- 
tion for  such  a  place,  she  spent  a  month  or  two  camping  on  its  summit, 
and  decided  that  the  atmosphere  was  clearer  there  and  the  cloudy  days 
less  than  anywhere  else  in  Southern  California.  She  accordingly  pur- 
chased land  there  suflBcient  for  her  purpose,  and  is  now  in  England  try- 
ing to  raise  money  to  build. 

In  the  days  of  Ramona  numerous  streams  raced  down  from  the  moun- 
tains, rushing  to  the  bay  to  waste  their  precious  water  ;  but  seven  years 
ago  the  San  Diego  Land  and  Town  Company  spent  nearly  a  million  dol- 
lars building  the  famous  Sweetwater  dam,  which  now  stores  up  this 
water  and  gives  abundance  to  irrigate  all  these  lemon  orchards.  And 
by  the  way,  though  olives,  guavas,  oranges,  and  other  semi-tropical 
fruits  are  successfully  raised  there,  Chula  Vista  is  particularly  adapted 
to  lemon  growing.  The  climate  is  delightful,  the  narrow  strip  of  sandy 
land  which  separates  the  bay  from  the  ocean  softening  the  sea  breeze 
and  making  it  unusually  equable. 

Chula  Vista  is  traversed  by  two  lines  of  rail,  the  Coronado  belt-line 
starting  from  Coronado  Hotel,  running  along  the  peninsula  between  the 
ocean  and  bay,  and  returning  through  Chula  Vista  to  San  Diego  ;  and 
the  '•  National  City  and  Otay  line,"  owned  by  the  San  Diego  Land  and 
Town  Company,  running  from  San  Diego  through  Chula  Vista  to  the 
Mexican  boundary  at  Tia  Juana. 

There  is  one  pretty 
little  church,   a  (fine 
school  house,    and  a 
pleasant  family  hotel, 
t  m  the  "  Casa  del  as  Flo- 

res,  "  situated  on  a 
lemon  ranch,  and  as 
its  name  suggests,  the 
house  of  flowers,  em- 
bowered in  masses  of 
roses,  lilies,  and  sweet 
peas,  making  an  ideal 
home  for  the  stranger 
who  comes  within  its 
hospitable  gates. 

HOME  OF  J  NO.   A.    BOAL .   CHULA    VISTA. 


20I 


Ontario. 

ITUATED  at  a  distance  of  35  miles  from  the  Pacific  ocean,  and  39 
miles  east  of  I^os  Angeles,  on  the  main  line  of  both  the  Southern 
Pacific  and  Santa  F6  railways,  is  the  beautiful  town  of  Ontario. 
In  location,  climate,  soil,  and  water  privileges,  Ontario  has  many  ad- 
vantages. Fine  business  blocks,  electric  cars  and  lighting,  handsome 
churches  and  schools,  fine  residences,  surrounded  by  what  is  already 
becoming  a  great  forest  of  citrus  and  deciduous  orchards,  blocked  out 
by  splendid  shade  trees —  such  is  Ontario  at  thirteen  years.  How  many 
Eastern  towns  twice  its  age  and  population  would  ever  dream  of  half 
its  progress?  The  elevation,  ranging  from  950  to  2500  feet,  insures  a 
most  healthful  and  agreeable  climate,  while  the  conditions  for  growing 
citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  cannot  be  excelled. 


YOUNG    ONTARIO   ORANGE  GROVE. 

For  the  past  two  years  Ontario  has  planted  more  orchard  lands  than 
any  other  district  in  Southern  California,  the  firm  of  Hanson  &  Co.  alone 
having  planted  over  1500  acres  to  the  various  kinds  of  citrus  and  decidu- 
ous fruits.  This  they  are  selling  in  10  or  20-acre  tracts,  at  prices  ranging 
from  $150  to  $400  per  acre,  according  to  location  of  lots  and  water  priv- 
ileges. These  prices  are  for  three-year-old  orchards.  The  streets  and 
avenues  are  planted  to  ornamental  and  shade  trees,  and  kept  in  good 
order.    There  are  some  beautiful  residences  now  on  their  tract. 

They  also  have  several  orchards  in  full  bearing  which  are  good  value, 
and  will  bear  investigation.  Anyone  desiring  further  information  should 
write  for  pamphlet  to  Hanson  &  Co.,  Ontario,  or  122  Pall  Mall,  London, 
England. 


203 


Redlands  and  the  Casa  Loma 


w 


^HERE  the  mountains  which  border  north  and  south  the  series  of  fertile  val- 
leys which  are  the  garden  spots  of  Southern  California  converge  upon  the 
_  _  east,  seventy  miles  from  the  Pacific,  lies  Redlands,  a  city  with  a  history  of 
its  own.  When  the  great  California  boom  collapsed,  in  1887,  Redlands  was  a  town  plat 
on  file  in  the  office  of  the  County  Clerk.  Today  it  has  five  thousand  inhabitants,  paved 
streets,  electricity,  three  railroa'ds,  beautiful  and  luxurious  homes,  and  thousands  of 
acres  of  orange  groves  which  are  embodiments  of  thrift  and  health,  have  never  been 
harmed  by  scale  or  frost,  and  are  producing  fruit  now  taking  the  place  of  the  lamented 
Indian  River  oranges  in  the  markets  of  the  East. 

Of  course  the  existence  of  such  a  town  in  such  times  as  these  is  not  an  accident. 
It  is  accounted  for  by  the  usual  elements  of  Southern  California  prosperity  possessed 
in  an  unusual  degree  of  perfection.  Scenery,  soil,  climate  and  a  water  supply  second 
to  none  in  the  Bear  Valley  system,  the  development  and  history  of  which  has  been  a 
romance,  are  the  natural  advantages  of  the  place.  Its  population  consists  almost 
entirely  of  Eastern  people  with  the  thrift,  the  energy  and  the  intelligence  to  make  the 
most  of  these  gifts  of  nature,  and  a  loyalty  to  their  new  home  in  the  West  which 
prompts  them  to  keep  it  fully  up  to  the  world's  best  progress. 


A   GLIMPSE  OF  REDLANDS   VALLEY. 

This  spirit  of  enterprise  has  just  been  shown  in  a  very  conspicuous  way.  It  has 
not  been  the  fashion  of  late  years  to  build  tourist  hotels  in  Southern  California.  In 
fact  not  enough  have  been  built  to  take  the  places  of  those  which  have  been  destroyed 
by  fire  or  have  been  converted  into  colleges  and  similar  public  institutions.  Eastern 
hotel  men  and  capitalists  have  not  found  Southern  California  a  particularly  inviting 
field  in  this  direction  and  when  the  Terracina  which,  although  inadequate,  had 
.served  Redlands  as  a  tourist  resort  for  several  years,  burned,  something  less  than  a 
year  ago,  the  prospect  for  the  building  of  a  new  and  better  house  by  outside  capital 
was  not  flattering.  In  this  emergency  the  citizens  of  Redlands  determined  that  their 
beautiful  city  should  not  be  permitted  to  stand  still  or  to  retrogade  through  lack  of  a 
suitable  winter  home  for  the  fastidious  tourist  and  the  critical  globe-trotter.  The 
measures  usual  on  such  occasions  in  "rustling"  Western  cities  were  taken  at  once. 
There  was  a  resolution  by  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  favoring  the  building  of  a 
tourist  hotel,  a  public  meeting,  and  the  appointment  of  a  committee  of  fifteen,  under 
the  chairmanship  of  Dr.  D.  W.  Stewart,  whose  efforts  for  the  public  benefit  were  tire- 
less. These  gentlemen  accomplished  the  building  of  a  tourist  hotel  which  was 
opened  to  the  public  February  25th. 

The  Casa  Loma,  or  House  on  the  Hill,  is  a  handsome  structure,  modern  in  every 
appointment.  It  is  located  on  Lugonia  Terrace,  one  of  the  older  avenues  of  Redlands, 
on  higher  ground  than  the  city  proper,  bordered  by  orange  groves  and  long,  stately 
rows  of  tropical  trees.  Its  towers  command  a  magnificent  view  of  mountain  and  valley 
from  the  far  line  of  the  western  horizon  beneath  which  lies  Los  Angeles,  along  the 
nigged,  battlemented  slopes  of  the  continuous  mountain  range  on  the  north,  varied  by 
the  mighty  peaks  of  San  Antonio,  San  Bernardino  and  San  Gorgonio,  to  the  swift 
rise  of  San  Jacinto  on  the  southeast.  The  wildness  and  majesty  of  this  irreclaimable 
mountain  desolation  are  contrasted  by  the  vivid  coloring  of  the  thousands  of  acres  of 
orchards  covering  the  long  levels  of  the  valleys,  the  gentle  slopes  of  the  foothills  and 
the  rolling  summits  of  those  that  are  nearest.  The  element  of^  human  interest,  indis- 
pensable to  every  attracti%'e  landscape,  is  found  in  the  tasteful  homes,  many  of  them 
elegant  and  luxurious,  which  are  st- en  on  every  hand.  Over  all  burns  the  endless  blue 
of  the  subtropical  sky;  and  the  isolated  grandeur  of  the  mountains  rims  a  picture 
unique  among  the  haunts  of  men. 

And  the  people  of  Redlands  are  firm  in  the  conviction  that  the  progress  of  today 
is  only  a  beginning. 


204 


Canaigre  and  a  Chance  to  Grow  It. 

ANAIGRE  is  a  tuber  product  used  for  tan- 
ning purposes,  as  a  substitute  for  oak  and 
hemlock  barks,  which  have  been  heretofore 
used  and  are  now  becoming  both  scarce  and 
expensive.  It  resembles  a  sweet  potato  in  ap- 
pearance and  grows  in  a  wild  state  in  different 
sections  of  the  Southwest,  but  not  in  sufficient 
quantities  to  be  of  commercial  value. 

CANAIGRE  IS    KING. 

It  is  prolific,  it  is  profitable,  it  is  all  that  can  be 
desired  as  a  farm  crop,  by  reason  of  the  ease  with 
which  it  can  be  raised  and  cultivated,  and  the  price 
that  can  be  obtained  for  the  product. 

Under  cultivation,  this  plant  will  produce  15  to  30 
tons  per  acre  on  our  new  lands  the  first  year  ;  the  production  after  the 
first  year,  when  the  land  will  be  under  a  much  better  state  of  cultivation, 
will  exceed  this  amount  very  largely  ;  for  which   the   California   Home 


TANNING  EXTRACT  FACTORY  AT  DEMINC,   NEW  MEXICO. 

and  Ranch  Company  guarantee  a  cash  market  at  your  very  door.  No 
middle  man.  No  commission  merchant  to  contend  with  or  to  confiscate 
your  profits,  or  the  fruits  of  your  labor  after  you  have  produced  them. 

The  factory  for  treating  canaigre  and  reducing  it  to  a  tannic  acid,  is 
now  in  process  of  erection  at  the  townsite,  on  the  Company's 
lands,  at  the  junction  where  the  Southern  Pacific  and  Santa  Fe  railways 
will  cross  its  land,  and  will  be  ready  for  the  first  crop  August  ist,  1896. 

The  factory  will  be  equipped  with  machinery  of  the  highest  efficiency 
for  the  successful  treatment  of  the  product,  and  will  be  of  sufficient 
capacity  to  handle  300  tons  of  green  canaigre  roots  daily,  being  the 
largest  producer  of  tannin  material  in  the  world  in  a  single  plant. 

The  California  Home  and  Ranch  Company  will  pay  the  uniform  price 
of  $5  per  ton  for  all  canaigre  grown  on  lands  sold  by  the  Company,  de- 
livered at  the  factory.     As  above  stated,  an  average  of  15  tons  per  acre 


CANAIGRE   AND    A    CHANCE    TO    CROW   IT.       205 

can  be  raised  the  first  year,  which  at  $5  per  ton  will  give  the  farmer  an 
income  of  $75  per  acre.  This  price  will  be  maintained  by  the  Company 
for  three  years,  and  as  good  or  better  prices  thereafter  as  the  market 
will  afford.  A  supply  of  seed  roots,  sufficient  to  plant  1500  acres,  has 
been  secured  for  those  wishing  to  plant  this  year. 

The  root  may  be  put  into  the  ground  by  hand,  or  by  an  Aspinwall 
potato  planter,  made  especially  for  this  purpose,  which  opens  the  furrow, 
drops  the  seed  root,  and  covers  it  up,  leaving  the  planted  field  covered 
with  ridges  between  the  rows.  A  man  and  team  can  plant  six  acres  per 
day.  We  have  arranged  for  seed  roots  for  planting  at  $9  per  ton  on  the 
ground.  A  ton  of  roots  is  sufficient  to  plant  three  acres,  or  at  the 
rate  of  $3  per  ton  for  seed. 

The  California  Home  and  Ranch  Company  are  offering  their  lands  for 
the  present  at  from  $125  to  $150  per  acre,  according  to  location,  on  the 
following  terms  :  One  third  cash,  and  the  balance  in  one  and  two  years, 
equal  payments,  with  interest  at  6  per  cent  per  annum. 

For  the  present  we  make  the  following  offer  :  We  will  take  all  deferred 
payments  on  land  purchased  (where  the  first  payment  has  been  made  in 
full)  in  canaigre  root  at  $5  per  ton,  without  discrimination  as  to  size  of 
root,  delivered  at  the  factory. 

Bear  in  mind  that  the  use  of  tannic  acid,  as  made  from  canaigre,  for 
tanning  purposes  is  not  an  experiment.  Factories  are  now  in  operation. 
The  root  has  been  introduced  to  the  trade,  and  10,000  tons  of  the 
dried  and  sliced  roots — equivalent  to  30,000  tons  of  fresh  dug  roots — have 
been  shipped  from  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  to  English  and  German 
tanners  during  the  past  three  years.  The  acid  is  also  extensively  used 
by  American  tanners.  The  Mexicans  have  used  canaigre  roots  for  many 
years  in  tanning  hides. 

The  consumption  of  tannic  acid  by  the  tanning  trade  of  the  United 
States  reaches  the  enormous  sum  of  $30,000,000  annually.  The 
consumption  in  Europe  is  enormous,  and  the  price  will  be  maintained 
on  the  same,  as  a  staple. 

As  a  result  of  investigation,  made  at  the  Government  Experimental 
Station,  located  within  sight  of  the  townsite  of  Qualey,  we  have  selected 
these  lands  as  combining  in  a  marked  degree  all  the  soil,  climate  and 
water  requirements  necessary  for  the  successful  growth  and  cultivation 
of  this  plant. 

HOW  CAN  YOU  PAY  FOR  YOUR  HOMB  ? 

We  will  show  you  by  a  few  figures  that  you  can  rely  upon,  and  there 
is  no  excuse  for  an  industrious  man  (or  woman  for  that  matter)  being 
without  a  roof  over  their  heads  on  their  own  land. 

On  20  acres  you  can  raise  and  market  in  the  first  six  months  15  tons 
of  canaigre  to  the  acre,  i.e.,  300  tons  at  $5  per  ton — $1,500.  Making 
your  payment  of  $1,000,  with  $500  over  for  current  expenses. 

The  second  and  third  years  you  can  do  even  better,  as  canaigre  yields 
much  better  after  the  ground  has  been  well  subdued  by  cultivation,-  25  to 
30  tons  per  acre  after  the  first  year. 

If  you  want  more  land  and  a  better  home  —  we  will  sell  and  build  on 
the  same  terms — the  more  you  buy,  the  larger  will  be  your  surplus  over 
your  payments  each  year.  We  strongly  recommend  the  purchase  of 
from  20  to  40  acres,  as  it  has  been  demonstrated  that,  with  ordinary  farm 
machinery  now  in  use,  one  mafa  can  easily  cultivate  40  acres.  If  you 
should  want  to  l)egin  with  only  10  acres,  we  will  sell  and  build  on  the 
same  terms — house  and  barn  to  cost  in  proportion  to  purchase  of  land. 

For  further  information,  call  on  or  correspond  with 

The  California  Homb  and  Ranch  Company, 

No.  252  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal, 


w 


Redondo  Beach. 

|ITH  the  reopening  of  the  Redondo  Hotel  under  the  management 
of  Messrs.  Crank,  another  attraction  has  been  added  to  the  many 
other  inducements  to  tourists  for  prolonging 
their  sojourn  in  this  vicinity.  At  this  beautiful  and  well- 
appointed  hotel  the  tourist  enjoys  the  advantages  of  the 
bracing  sea 
air,  a  magnifi- 
cent view  of 
mountain  and 
sea,  acres  of 
carnations, 
beautiful 
grounds  ex- 
tending to  the 
beach,  and  the 

various  attractions  of  a  busy  sea- 
port, as  well  as  the  convenience  of 
frequent  train  service  over  the  Re- 
dondo, and  the  Southern  California 
railway  lines  to  and  from  the  metrop- 
olis of  Southern  California,  only 
sixteen  miles  distant.     Near  at  hand  warm  sait  water  piunge. 

the  Bathing  Pavilion,  which  has  recently  been  cleaned  and  repainted, 
affords  the  Easterners  the  novel  enjoyment  of  warm  salt  water  bathing  in 
mid-winter.     Surf-bathing  is  also  in  vogue,  even  at  this  season. 


RBSID^NQE  OF  WIIL  D.  GOULD,  LOS  ANGELES. 


Central  California 

and  the  Famous  Del  rtnnt<*     ^ 

'hk  great  majority  of  Bastemers  who  visit  Southern  California  hold  transportation  tickets  read- 
ing to  San  Francisco,  and  from  thence  homeward  over  the  Ogden  or  Shasta  routes.  To  such  we 
would  beg  to  advise  that  they  give  themselves  ample  time  to  become  acquainted  with  some  ot 
the  world-famous  attractions  of  Central  California.  They  should  at  least  arrange  for  a  few  weeks' 
stay  at  the  celebrated  Hotel  Del  Monte,  Monterey,  "  The  Queen  of  American  Watering  Places." 

This  magnificent  establishment  is  situated  near  the  shore  line  of  Monterey  Bay,  in  one  of  the 
most  picturesque  and  naturally  beautiful  localities  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  It  was  founded  in  1880,  and 
in  its  comparatively  brief  career  may  be  credited  with  having  done  more  than  almost  any  other 
agency  to  acquaint  the  world  with  California's  natural  advantages.  Guests  from  every  corner  of  the 
earth  have  enjoyed  its  hospitality. 

This  hotel  is  both  a  summer  and  winter  resort  of  the  highest  order,  and  at  all  seasons  is  com- 
fortably filled,  a  happy  condition  rarely  the  boast  of  any  resort.  In  winter  it  becomes  the  delightful 
retreat  of  visitors  from  the  colder  States,  who  go  there  to  enjoy  its  luxurious  comforts  and  its  genial 
climate.  In  summer  it  is  more  conspicuous  as  a  resort  for  pleasure,  though  retaining  its  more  staid 
character  for  quiet^and  uninterrupted  comfort. 


BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  HOTEL  DEL  MONTE. 


The  Hotel  is  situated  in  a  splendid  grove  of  giant  pines  and  oaks,  part  01  the  magnificently 
wooded  seven-thousand-acre  park  entirely  devoted  to  the  enhancement  of  the  resort.  In  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  building  is  an  immehse  flower  garden  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
acres,  the  marvelous  luxuriance  of  which  must  be  seen  to  be  properly  appreciated.  Prom  one  year's 
end  to  another  it  is  a  constant  dazzle  of  gorgeous  colors. 

Bathing,  boating,  fishing  and  hunting,  clubrooms,  billiard  parlors,  an  elegant  ballroom,  tennis 
courts,  croquet  grounds,  and  a  large  bath-house,  are  among  the  delightful  diversions,  all  free  to  the 
guests.  The  finest  drives  in  America,  through  scenes  rich  in  picturesque  variety  and  historic  inter- 
est, may  be  included  in  the  never-ending  whirl  of  enjoyment. 

Noviiitor  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  whether  business-bound,  health  or  pleasure-bound,  should  fail  to 
risit  Hotel  Del  Monte.  It  is  but  three  and  one-half  hours'  ride  from  San  Francisco  by  express  trains 
of  the  Southern  Pacific  Company. 


^^  I  p"1"  SIERRA  MADRE  HOTEL 
I  \J  LL  I  The  only  HOTEIv  in  the 
charming  suburban  village  of  Sierra  Madre 
[Santa  Anita  Station].  Partly  furnished.  Has 
34  rooms.  Excellent  supply  soft  mountain  water. 
See  article  "'  Plateau  of  Sierra  Madre,"  pages 
194-199,  this  magazine.    Inquire  of 

LUCILE  BRISTOR,  the  owner, 
Southeast  cor.  First  and  Broadway,  I,os  Angeles. 


SIERRA  MADRE  AND  WILSON'S  PEAK! 

The  Old  Original  Sierra  Madre  Public  Bus  I,ine, 
S.  R.  G.  Twycross,  Proprietor.  Meets  all  trains 
at  Santa  Anita  Station,  for  Sierra  Madre,  Wilson's 
Trail,  Baldwin's  Ranch,  The  Little  Santa  Anita 
Canyon,  and  all  points  of  interest;  fine  bargains 
in  Real  Estate,  Houses  to  Rent,  Insurance,  etc. 
Best  Burros  and  Mules  furnished.  Write  or 
Telephone. 

S.  R.  G.  TWYCROSS,  Sierra  Madre,  Cal. 


THERE  IS  A 

Medicinal  Touch 

In  the  air  along  the  Sierra  Madre  foot-hills  that  all  can  feel,  but  none  can  describe.     Here  is  located 
that  charming  health  resort 

Sierra  Madre  Sanitorium, 

It  is  not  a  hospital,  but 
A  c^uiet,  home-like  place,  where  "  trained  nurses,"  "  rest  cure,"  "  massage,''  "  faradization,  "  galvan- 
zation,"   "static  electrization,''    "  Swedish  movements,"    "dieting,"  "baths,"  "  physical  training," 
and  all  that  pertains  to  modern  rational  treatment,  can  be  had  in  perfection  at  reasonable  prices. 

Dr.  Chas.  Lee  King,  Wm.  P.  Mansfield, 

Medical  Superintendent.  Manager. 

Lamanda  Park  P.  O.  and  Station,  Ivos  Angeles  Co.,  California. 


IMPROVED   AND   UNIMPROVED 
AT 


SIERRA  MADRE 
For  Sale  by  M.  C  Carter 

Sierra  Madre,  Cal. 


For  further  information  see  description  of 
Sierra  Madre  in  this  number,  or  write  N.  C.  Car- 
ter for  maps,  etc. 


W^m.  S.  «I^LEN 

DEALER   IN 

FURNITURE 
and  CARPETS 

MATTING,  OIL  CLOTH  AND  LINOLEUM 
BEDDING,    WINDOW  SHADES 

SILK  AND  LACE  CURTAINS,  PORTIERES 
CURTAIN    FIXTURES,      BABY 

CARRIAGES,    UPHOLSTERY     GOODS,     ETC. 

TELEPHONE    241 
332-334  South  Spring  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,   CAL. 


©Ifte  ©iai 


is  a  mountain-rimmed  val- 
Qj  ley,  about  15  miles  distant 

from  the  Santa  Barbara  Channel,  and  950  feet 
altitude,  lying  between  Los  Angeles  (distant  85 
miles)  and  Santa  Barbara  (37  miles).  The  climate 
is  particularly  beneficial  to  asthmatic  and  pul- 
monary invalids.  This  valley  is  famous  for  its 
wonderful  climate  and  beautiful  scenery.  The 
climate  is  particularly  adapted  to  those  suffering 
from  Asthma,  Bronchial,  Catarrhal  and  Lung 
Troubles.  The  adjacent  mountains  and  caiions 
furnish  good  sport  for  lovers  of  the  rod  and  gun. 

OAK  GLEN  COTTAGES 

(recently  renovated  and  improved)  is  the  only 
hotel  in  the  valley  having  cottages  separate  from 
main  building  and  situated  in  a  natural  park  of 
live  oaks.     For  rates  and   information,  address 

W.  H.  TURNER, 
Nordhoff  P.  O.,  Ventura  Co.,  Cal. 

Routes  :— Railroad  from  San  Francisco  and 
Los  Angeles  to  Santa  Paula,  Ventura  and  Santa 
Barbara.  Steamers  from  San  Francisco,  Los  An- 
geles and  San  Diego  to  Santa  Barbara  and  Ven- 
tura. From  Ventura,  daily  mail  stage,  fare  $1. 
From  Santa  Barbara,  semi-weekly  stage  over  the 
charming Casitas  Pass  road,  fare  $3.  From  Santa 
Paula,  carriages.  Telephone  connection  with 
Ventura,  and  all  towns  in   Southern   California- 

To  Mr.  Young,  the  genial  Redlands 
photographer,  the  Land  of  Sunshine  is 
indebted  for  the  full  page  view  on  page 
203  of  this  number  of  Casa  Loma,  the 
magnificent  new  tourist  hotel  of  that  city. 
Mr.  Young  has  established  himself  in  a 
locality  so  richly  endowed  by  nature  with 
grand  scenery,  and  so  beautified  by  man 
that  those  interested  will  be  fortunate  in 
having  access  to  his  fine  collection. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine.' 


The  I^ai\d  of  ^ai\6biive 


THE    SOUTHERN    CALIFORNIA 
MAGAZINE 

li.oo  A  Ye  AX.  lo  Cents  a  Copy. 

Foreign  Rates  $1.50  per  Year. 

Published  monthly  by 

Tfie  Land  of  6un6fiine  PubfishinG  Co. 

INCOMPORATCD 

801-503  Stimson  Building,  los  anqclcs,  cal. 

BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 
W.  C.  Patterson  ....  President 
Chas.  F.  Lummis,  V.-Prcst.  &  Manag:ing  Editor 
F.  A.  Pattee  -  Secretary  and  Business  Mgr. 
H.  J.  Fleishman  ...  -  Treasurer 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis     -        -       -       -     Attorney 

Bntered  at  the  I^s  Angeles  Postoffice  as  second- 
class  matter. 

Address  advertising,  remittances,  etc.,  to  the 
Business  Manager. 

All  MSS.  should  be  addressed  to  the  Editor. 
No  MSS.  preserved  unless  accompanied  by  re- 
turn postage. 


Mr.  C.  B.  Waite  our  Los  Angeles  pho- 
tographer, who  is  to  Southern  California 
what  the  famous  Jackson  has  been  to 
Colorado,  exhibits,  in  the  case  of  the 
illustrations  to  the  Sierra  Madre  and 
Claretnont  articles  of  this  number  some 
interesting  specimens  of  his  skill.  Mr. 
Waite  through  long  residence  in  Southern 
California  and  personal  contact  with  the 
rare  and  beautiful  nooks  and  scenes  and 
points  of  historical  interest  has  secured 
a  most  valuable  collection  of  views. 

Messrs.  Grider  &  Dow  the  enterprising 
Los  Angeles  real  estate  dealers  have 
recently  issued  a  pamphlet  entitled  The 
Prolific  Seven,  being  devoted  to  the 
Southern  seven  counties  of  California.  It 
contains  some  excellent  half-tone  cuts, 
notable  among  which  is  one  from  Mr. 
Fred  Behre's  relief  map  of  Southern 
California,  several  from  the  Land  of 
Sunshine,  and  two  showing  winter  in 
Southern  California  as  contrasted  with 
the  same  period  in  the  East.  The  j)amph- 
let  is  printed  on  fine  coated  paper  with  em- 
bossed cover  and  sells  at  fifty  cents  a  copy. 


A  Brilliant  Success. 

There  is  nothing  the  matter  with  Ari- 
zona. It  knows  how  to  treat  the  first 
magazine  that  has  ever  known  or  cared 
anything  about  the  Southwest.  It  has 
given  the  Land  of  Sunshine  such  a 
welcome  as  no  other  magazine  ever  re- 
ceived in  Arizona.  Mr.  G.  H.  Paine,  the 
Land  of  Sunshine  field-marshal,  has 
met  with  extraordinary  success  in  giving 
the  magazine  a  broad  and  permanent 
foothold  in  the  territory,  and  has  made 
its  subscription  list  already  larger  than 
any  other  monthly  has  there.  The  April 
number  will  contain  an  elaborate  and 
profusely  illustrated  article  on  Flagstaff. 
Meantime  Mr.  Paine  pushes  the  campaign 
in  Arizona  and  New  Mexico. 


A  Charming^  ICntertainment. 

A  Napoleon  Tea  will  be  given  at  the 
Hotel  Green,  Pasadena,  March  21st,  under 
the  management  of  Mrs.  C.  F.  Holder, 
i  Mrs.  Seymour  Locke,  Mrs.  Wm.  Kimball, 
Miss  Dreer,  Mrs.  B.  Marshall  Wotkyns, 
Miss  Wotkins,  and  Miss  Dows,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  Landmarks  Club,  which  is 
raising  a  fund  for  the  preservation  of  the 
old  Missions.  There  will  be  music,  tab- 
leaux, and  refreshments.  Twenty  or 
more  young  ladies  are  to  be  costumed  in 
Empire  style,  and  decorations,  etc.,  will 
also  be  carried  out  in  accordance  with 
that  period.  Various  beautiful  and  valua- 
ble objects  connected  with  Napoleonic 
times  will  be  on  sale.  The  ladies  in 
charge  may  be  depended  upon  to  make 
the  entertainment  charmingly  worth 
attending. 

On  one  of  the  pages  preceding  the 
frontispiece  of  this  magazine  is  a  typical 
view  of  the  way  in  which  Los  Angeles 
is  being  built  up  by  first  class  subdivis- 
ions. This  subdivision,  from  its  shaded 
avenues  and  beautiful  lawns  known  as 
Woodlawn,  is  the  property  of  Mr.  M.  D. 
Potter,  who  resides  on  the  tract  and  to 
whom  great  credit  is  due  for  having  made 
it  a  fit  residence  place  for  cultured  and 
well-to-do  people.  So  careful  is  Mr. 
Potter  in  this  respect  that  purchases  can 
only  be  made  through  the  owner. 


The  Modern  Cure  for  Disease 

SEND 

WATSON  &  CO., 


SEND     POH    BOOK. 

Pacific  Coast  Agents, 

124  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


^HOICE 


m 


,0SES.AT5Cenl5 

£:OUR  RAINBOW  COLLECTION' 
'of  20  ROSES  FOR  $  I.  R'JJS 

The  Rosea  wo  send  are  on  their  own  roots,  from  10  to  15  inches 
nigli,  and  will  bloom  freely  this  Summer,  either  in  pots  or  planted 
i?!'^*  a  A  i^®?"  *^™  hardy  ever-bloomers.  Please  examine  the  below 
list  of  ^O  choice  fragrant  monthly  RoHen,  and  see  if  you  can  dupli- 
cate them  anj'where  for  an  amount  so  small  as  $  1 .  Theyare  nearly 
all  new  kinds.  We  guarantee  them  to  reach  you  in  good  condition 
We  also  GUARANTEE  THEM  TO  BE  THE  BEST  DOLLAR'S 
WORTH  OF  ROSES  YOU  EVER  PURCHASED. 

Ausnsta  Victoria,  pure  white,  always  in  bloom.    Champion 

of  the  World,  (New)  rich  bright  pink,  tinest  rose  grown.    Star  of 

Gold,  the  queen  of  all  yellow  roses.  Marlon  DInirco,  richest  veMy 

crimson  in  clusters.    Colthllde  Soupert,  everybody's  favorite,  always  in 

bloom.    Bridesmaid,  rich  pink,  none  better.  Pearl  of  the  Gardens,  deep 

golden  yellow.  Scarlet  Redder,  the  richest  of  all  red  roses.    Senator  Mc- 

Kaughton,  lovely  canary  yellow.  Sunset,  yellow,  highly  colored.  Franclska 

Kruiper,  coppery  yellow  and  peach.    Marie  Gulllot,  the  greatest  of  all  pure  white 

roses.  Duchess  de  Brabant,  amber  rose,  tinged  apricot  yellow.    Madame  Camllle, 

beautiful  salmon  and  rosy  flesh.    Grace  Darling,  clear  maroon  red  passing  to  lake, 

elegant.    Catherine  Mermet,  everybody's  favorite.  Md.  de  Wattevllle,  rosy  blush, 

-^  .  _... bordered  deep  crimson.    Rheinsrold,  beautiful  shades  of  saffron  and  tan.    Md. 

N  ^     «  ^^INT   VrMVlMV     Welfhe,  amber  yellow,  tinged  with  copper  and  orange.    Md.  lloste,  immense  large 
AK"(t4DP        *     Killl^lSKB      double  pure  white,  very  fragrant. 

r>^  ^^rJ^m .      uXBf-KvSiM  We  will  also  send  our  Iron  Clad  Collection  of  14  Hardy  Rosen,  all  different 

colors,  91.  Try  a  set.  SO  Chrysanthemums,  all  prize  winners,  i^l.  16  Gera- 
niums, double  and  si ni^Ie  flowered,  and  scented,  #  jl.  15  choice  Begonias,  differ- 
ent kinds,  $1.  40  packets  choice  Flower  Seeds,  all  different  kinds,  $1.  Our  handsome,  illustrated  Catalogue,  de- 
scribing above  Roses,  Plants  and  all  Seeds,  mailed  for  10  cts.  stamps.  Don't  place  your  order  before  seeing  our  prices 
WE  CAN  SAVE  YOU  MON  EY.  We  have  larare  two  year  old  roses  for  immediate  effect-  Liberal  premiums  to  club 
raisers,  or  how  to  get  your  seeds  and  plants  free.  We  are  the  LARGEST  ROSE  GROWERS  IN  TH  EWORLD.  Our 
sales  of  Rose  Plants  alone  last  season  exceeded  a  million  and  a  half.    When  you  order  Roses,  Plants  and  Seeds,  you 

F,;'J^\'II^!  GOOD  &  REESE  GO.,  Box  17  Champion  Cit)  Greenhouses,  Springfield,  Ohio, 


Water  Lilies 

The  finest  collection  in  the  country 
is  now  located  in  California.  All 
colors  —  red,  white,  blue,  yellow, 
pink,  purple. 

The  Water  Garden 

is  located  in  the  Cahuenga  foot-hills, 
corner  of  Franklin  and  Western 
Aves.,  and  near  the  Hollywood 
Steam  R.R.    Catalogue  mailed  free. 

EDMUND  D.  STURTEVANT 


p.   O.   ADDRESS 


Station   £ 

Los  Angeles, 


eal. 


Olive  Growers  Handbook 


and  Price  List  Free 


yWinneola  Valley, 


On  the  Santa  Fe  Route. 

Land  with  Water  $25  per  acre. 

One  Inch  of  Water  with  each  5-acre  Tract. 

LOCATION— Minneola  Valley  is  on  the  mam  line  of  the  Santa  F6  Railroad,  140  miles  from 
Los  Angeles.  ^ 

SOIL— The  soil  is  decomposed  porphory,  exceedingly  rich  and  very  deep.  Alfalfa  and  all 
deciduous  fruits  grow  to  perfection. 

WATKR— The  Minneola  Canal  takes  its  water  from  the  overflow  of  the  Mojave  River,  which 
IS  a  permanent  flow,  by  heavy  sheet  piling  and  2100  feet  of  substantial  flume  (5  feet  square),  con- 
structed in  accordance  with  the  most  modern  scientific  engineering,  the  whole  system  being 
submerged  under  10  feet  of  sand  and  clay.  »  s.  j  s 

Terms:    »10  an  acre  down;  balance  in  3, 
at  6  per  cent. 


6  and  8  years 


Good  Land,  first-class  Water  Rights,  on  main  line  of  the  Santa  F6.  EJasy  Terms,  Good  Climate  and 

Rich  Mineral  Country.     Don't  let  the  time  po  by  without  securing  a  piece  of  this  land. 

For  maps,  pamphlets  and  full  particulars,  call  on 

l?i£II-D    St    STRONG 

«»8  West  Fourth  Street,  Chamber  of  Commerce  Building,  L.08  Angeles. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Lakd  of  Sukshiitb. 


Los  Angelbs  is  a  progressive  city  of  over  80,000 
inhabitants  having  increased  from  a  population 
of  11,000  in  1880.  It  is  still  growing  more  rapidly 
than  any  city  of  its  size  in  the  United  States.  It 
is  the  terminus  of  sixteen  lines  of  railroads,  in- 
cluding three  transcontinental  lines.  The  value 
of  buildings  erected  last  year  was  $4,300,000. 

To  show  the  remarkable  growth  that  has  been 
made  by  Southern  California  it  is  only  necessary 
to  state  that  while  the  increase  in  population  of 
the  State  in  ten  years  was  39  per  cent.,  that  of 
Southern  California  was  319  per  cent. 

Bank  clearances  have  for  a  year  past  shown  an 
improvement  almost  every  week,  while  the 
figures  from  a  majority  of  other  cities  have 
frequently  shown  a  decrease. 


OLDKST  AND  LARGEST  BANI^   IN  SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 

Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank 

OF  LOS  ANOELKS,   CAL. 

Capital  (paid  up)      -        -      1500,000.00 
Surplus  and  Reserve  -        -    820,000.00 

Total        -      _-^  $1,320,000.00 

OFFICERS  : 

I.  W.  Hellman President 

H.  W.  Hellman Vice-President 

Henry  J.  Fleishman Cashier 

G.  A.  J.  Heimann Assistant  Cashier 

DIRECTORS : 

W.  H.  Perry,    C.  E.  Thom,    J.  B.  Lankershim. 

O.  W.  CHILDS,        C.  DUCCOMMUN,      T.  ly.   DUQtJE. 

A.  Glassell,  H.  W.  Hellman,  I.  W.  Hellman. 
Sell  and  Buy  Foreign  and   Domestic  Exchange, 

Special  Collection  Department. 

Correspondence  Invited. 


^^m^ 


OF  LOS  angei.es. 

Capital  Stock $400,000 

Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits  over       230.000 

.  M.  PiLLioTT,  Prest.,  W.G.Kerckhoff,  V.Pres 

Frank  A.  Gibson,  Cashier. 

G.  6.  Shaffer,  Assistant  Cashier. 

directors: 

M.  KUiott.  F.  Q.  Story,        J.  D.  Hooker. 

.  D   Bicknell.       H.  Jevne,  W.  C.  Patterson 

W.  G.  KerckhoflF 

No  public  funds  or  other  preferred  deposits 

received  by  this  bank. 


M,  W.  STTMJiON.  Preiit.     C.  S.  Crist y,  Vlce-Prc«t. 
W.  E.  McVay.  Secy. 

FOR  GOOD  nORTQAQE   LOANS 


WRITE    TO 


CAPITAL   S200,000 

223  South  Spring:  Street, 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Acres  of  Wild  Flowers. 

Take  the  L.  A.  Terminal  Ry.  for  the 
poppy  fields  at  Altadena,  and  revel  in 
wild  flowers  galore. 


Lacy  Manufacturinb  Company 


MANUFACTURERS 
OF 

STEEL 


WATER  PIPE 


Well  Casiug,  Oil  Tanks  and   General 
Sheet  Iron  Work. 

IRRIGATION    SUPPLIES 

Works,  corner  New  Main  and  Date  Streets. 

Office,  Room  4,  Baker  Block 
Telcphonf  196  Los  Angeles,   Cal. 

DEALERS   IN 
C»SX     IRON     PIPE 

Pacific  Coast  Steamsliip  Co., 

GOODALL,  PERKINS  &  CO.,  General  Agents 
San  Francisco. 

Steamers  leave  Port  Los  Angeles  and  Redondo 
every  four  days  for  Santa  Barbara,  Port  Harford 
and  San  Francisco. 

Leave  San  Pedro  and  East  San  Pedro  every  four 
days  for  San  Francisco  and  way  ports. 

Leave  Redondo  and  Port  Los  Angeles  every  four 
days  for  San  Diego. 

Northern     Routes    embrace     Portland,    Puget 
Sound,  Victoria  and  Alaska. 
W.  Parris,  Ag't,  123^  W.  Third  St.,  Los  Angeles 


NEW  HAMMAM 
g^     TURKISH 
\^   BATHS... 


210    SOUTH     BROADWAY 
Tel.    black   691 

Separate  ApartinentM   for   Ladies  and 

Gentlemen,  and  both  on  the 

Ground    Floor. 


j  H,  O.  Brooks,  Proprietor. 

I    Mrs.  Wilmott  Parchbr, 

Manager  Ladles' Department.  * 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  SuMSBiifs." 


NEAR  REDLANDS 


«    «    « 


% 


Ten-acre  Orange  Groves  In 
frostless  locality. 

I  also  have  Peach  and  Apricot 
Orchards,  and  Vineyards  and  Farm- 
ing Lands  for  Stock  and  Grain. 


CITY  BUILDING  LOTS 

All  first-class  and  plenty  of  water 
for  irrigation. 

W.  S.  ALLEN 

332-334  South  Spring  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 

QDPPIAI  nPPPR  I"  order  to  introduce  our 
OrCUIHL  Urrtn  work  we  wiU  make,  for  the 
uext  60  days,  four  beautiful,  satin-finished  Photo- 
graphs for  only  85  cents  ;  regular  price  $2.00 
per  dozen.  Are  you  interested  in  Southern  Cali- 
fornia ?  If  so,  send  us  15  cents  and  we  will  send 
you  a  handsome  photograph,  size  6}4  x  8^,  of 
some  interesting  bit  of  scenery ;  also  our  list  of 
views.    EXCELSIOR  PHOTOGRAPH  GALLERY, 

368  S.  Broadway,  L<os  Angeles,  Cal. 


THE  gloTEL  Windsor 

Tourist  REDLANDS,  CAL. 

Commepeial  and 

Family  Under    its    new    management   this 

hostelry  has  been  refitted  through 
out  with  all  modern  conveniences  and  arrangements  for  the 
comfort  of  its  guests.  The  sleeping  rooms  are  large  and  airy, 
most  of  them  commanding  a  mountain  or  valley  view  of  pictur- 
esque grandeur.  Many  of  the  suites  have  private  baths  con- 
nected. The  proprietor  has  devoted  especial  attention  to  the 
'•  cuisine  ".  Rates  $2  to  3  per  day  :  special  by  week.  Large 
Sample  Room  free.    In  the  business  center. 


Painless  Extracting  and  Filling  Our  Specialty. 
Our  German  Plate  Workman  cannot  be  excelled. 
Satisfaction  guaranteed.  PENN.  DENTAIv  CO. 
226  S.  Spring  St  ,  lyos  Angeles. 


FERD.  C.   GOTTSCHALK 


fS 


ROOMS  I  AND  2  MUSKEGON  BI^OCK 

THIRD  AND  BROADWAY 

LOS  ANGELES,   CALIFORNIA. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  investing  Eastern 
capital  of  any  amount  in  city  or  country  prop- 
erty, or  in  mortgages  paying  7  per  cent,  interest 
net.  with  security  at  least  double  the  amount  of 
loan. 

We  refer  with  permission  to  the  Farmers 
and  Merchants  Bank,  and  First  National  Bank 
1,0s  Angeles. 

Correspondence  Solicited. 

PARKER  iL  GOTTSCHALK 


^rL.    G.    inilLSON 

Proprietor   CLUB     STABLES 

OFF.  wiNDBow  HoTKt.       REDLANDS,  CAL. 


View  from  Smiley  Heights,  Redlands,  looking  Dorth. 

tW  Carriages,  in  charge  of  thoroughly  competent  driTers, 
meet  each  incoming  train,  ready  to  convey  tourists  to  every  point 
of  interest  in  and  about  Redlands. 

N.  B.— Be  sure  and  ask  for  Club  Stable  Rigs. 


REDLANDS." 


"^W^  Ranclies,  Kesidences  and  all 

kinds  of  Real  Estate  in  Redlands  at  reasonable 
rates.  See  Redlands  before  buying.  Call  upon 
or  address  JOHN  P.  FISK,  Jr., 

Rooms  I  and  2  Union  Bank  Block, 

Redlands,  Cal. 


(CASA    DE    ROSAS) 


FROBLE  INSTITUTE 

OOEST  ADflCnS  ST.   COR.  HOOVER  ST. 

nOS  HfiGEIiES 

All  grades  taught,  from  Kindergarten  to  College 

Training  School  for  Kindergartners  a  specialty 

PROF.  AND  MME.  LOUIS  GLAVERIE. 

Circular  sent  on  application. 


CALIFORNIA 

Teachers'   Examinations 

[  NEW   EDITION  ] 

1500  QUESTIONS,    TOPICALLY 
ARRANGED 

Excellent  review  for  examinations,  or  for 
testing  advanced  pupils.  Primary  questions, 
100  pp.,  50  c.  Grammar  and  High  School,  25  c 
each.  Keys  :  Arithmetic,  40  c  ;  Algebra,  25  c  ; 
Book-keeping,  15  c. 

TEACHERS  prepared  for  California  ex- 
aminations in  class  or  by  correspondence. 

Positions  secured. 

BOYNTON  NORMAL., 

525  Stimson  Block,  Los  Angeles. 


THE  PRESS  CLIPPING  BUREAU 

GUARANTEES    PROMPT,   ACCURATE  AND 
RELIABLE    SERVICE. 

Supplies  notices  and  clippings  on  any  subject 
from  all  periodicals  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  business 
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reports  on  all  contract  works. 

LOS  ANGELES  OFFICUIO  WEST  SECOND  STREET 


^ease  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  th«  La'kd  op  iluK'&ErrNB. 


JUST  ©UT 


1896 
eATALOGUE    A/NB    p-RieE     LIST 


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H.JEVNE 


WHOLESALE 


GROCER 


RETAIL 


An  edition  of  15,000  most  complete  Price  Currents  ever  published. 
SEND  OR  CALIv  FOR  A  COPY 

136  and  T38  NORTH   SPRING  SXRKEX 


^cf)uber»t 

PIANOS 


PIANOS  SOLD 

ON    EASY  INSTALLMENTS 
AND   RENTED 

GARDNER  I  lliM  PIANO  CO.. 

249    S.  BROADWAY,  byrne  block 


E 


OVH    NKW   WAREROOMS 
O 


O     --     O     _^  O     _-     o 


0_-0_-0_^0^ o 


ian  Baskets 

vajo  Blankets     ^^ 
Pueblo  Pottery 

Mail  Orders 

Solicited. 
Catalogue  Sent 

Free. 


OPKLS 


'»      •••WIUVMII, 

Mexican  Drawn  Work   and    Hand-Carved  L.eather 
Goods.     Indian   Photon   (blue   prints)  10  c.  each. 

W.  D.  CampbelTs  Curio  Store, 

8«6  South  Spring  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


I 


Pleaae  mention  that  you  "«aw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunbhikb.' 


The  lyOS  Angeles  Home  of  the  anions  Sohmer  Piano. 


FISHER'S  MUSIC  HOUSE 


427  SOUTH   BROADWAY 


J.  I.  ROBINSON  &  CO., 

""°T^s\^.x.x.  Fruits  and  Nuts 

Specialty  in  Family  Supplies,  with  fancy 
California  Fruits.  Extra  care  given  to 
packing  for  Eastern  shipments. 

234  West  Second  St.,  Los  Angeles 

The  Pacific  :„\"ET*:!!Lr"'' 

FACTORY  AND  SALESROOM, 

618-624  South  Broadway 


SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA  COLONY 

i8,ooo  acre  ranch  in  Oransre  County,  California, 
on  line  of  So.  California  R.  R.,  about  midway 
between  Los  Angeles  and  San  Diego.  8ooo  acres 
unexcelled  for  deciduous  fruits  and  grain,  bal- 
ance splendid  pasture  land.  Just  the  place  for 
large  colony  of  farmers,  horticulturists  and 
sheep-growers.  Climate  perfect.  A  fortune  in 
this  for  subdivision  into  small  ranches,  farms  or 
townsites.    For  particulars  address  or  apply  to 

RICHARD  AliTSCHUIi,  Sole  Agent, 

123^  W.  Second  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


DAILY   EXCURSIONS     through  the  beautiful  San  Gabriel  Valley,  via  Pasadena,   La- 

manda  Park,   Sierra  Madre,   Santa    xiAT    TP  A  TT.V-WO 
Anita,  Baldwin's  Lake,  San  Gabriel  Mission,  Alhambra,  etc.  ■"  •*-     A^^*^^-*-    **^-'' 


Tally-Ho  Stables 


At    8; 30    A.    M.    Daily. 
Telephone  No.  51. 


Cor.  First  and  Broadway 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Laj«d  of  Sunshiwk." 


I  OFFER—        I 

FOR  SALE 

At  Extremely  Low  Prices  for  Cash 
some  of  the 

CHOICEST  PROPERTY 

In  this  City  and  County. 


M 


1.  Eighty-three  (83)  lots  on  Baxter  st.,  about  two  miles  from 
center  of  city  and  within  300  feet  of  branch  line  of  electric 
railroad  (|ioo  per  lot),  spot  cash,  lump  sum,  $8300. 

2.  Ten  and  one-half  {io}4)  acres  on  Effie  st.,  under  cultiva- 
tion and  in  the  oil  district,  $500  per  acre,  spot  cash,  I5250, 

3.  All  of  block  bounded  by  Fourth,  Figueroa  and  Fifth  sts. 
and  Beaudry  ave  ,  660  feet  in  length  ;  11  lots  from  street  to 
street ;  handsomest  residence  sites  in  the  city  ;  spot  cash,  $15,000. 

4.  Block  fronting  330  feet  on  Fifth  st.,  and  300  feet  on  Fre- 
mont and  Beaudry  aves.;  10  lots,  each  60x165  >  equal  to  the 
Normal  School  site  ;  one  of  the  most  desirable  residence  blocks 
in  the  city  ;  spot  cash,  $15,000. 

5.  Two  beautiful  lots  on  Fremont  ave.,  between  Fifth  and 
Sixth  sts.,  each  60x165  feet,  with  valuable  improvements, 
graded  and  sewered,  in  good  neighborhood,  near  electric  car 
line  ;  spot  cash,  $4000. 

6.  Elegant  family  residence,  14  rooms,  highly  improved 
grounds,  expensive  barn,  4  lots  at  corner  of  Sixth  st.  and 
Beaudry  ave.,  extending  from  Beaudry  to  Fremont  ave. ;  spot 
cash,  $18,000.     See  cut  on  page  206. 

7.  Fourteen  {14)  lo-acre  lots  in  high  state  of  cultivation, 
partly  planted  in  olive,  orange,  peach  and  prune  trees  ;  the  best 
of  soil ;  water  reservoired  and  piped  to  corner  of  each  lot ; 
everything  first-class  and  suitable  for  horticultural  purposes 
and  suburban  homes ;  in  the  "  frostless  belt,"  in  the  foothill 
valley  west  of  Echo  Mountain,  10  miles  north  of  Los  Angeles 
and  adjoining  Pasadena  ;  elevation  about  iioo  feet  above  sea 
level  ;  along  the  line  of  the  proposed  electric  railway  and  Salt 
Lake  road,  about  a  mile  from  Arroyo  Park  Station,  Terminal 
Railroad  ;  terms  to  suit  purchasers. 

8.  One  thousand  (1000)  acres  in  the  La  Canyada  Valley  and 
foothills,  at  the  base  of  the  Sierra  Madre  Mountains,  10  miles 
north  of  Los  Angeles,  with  water  and  water-rights ;  spot  cash, 
lump  sum,  $100,000. 

This  Is  my  own  property,  and  Is  for  sale  at  First  Hands. 

WILL    D.    GOULD 

ATTORNCV-AT-LAW 

Rooms  82-85  Temple  Block,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


If 
if 
if 

1 

I 


HBBOTSFORD 
J      INN 


8th  and  HOPE  Sts. 


The  only  thoroughly  comfortable  tourist 
hotel  in  Los  Angeles. 

Heated  throughout  by  steam. 
Convenient  to  four  lines  of  street  railway. 

Just  outside  the  business  district. 
Strictly  first-class. 

None  but  white  labor  is  employed. 

CHAS.  A.  BRANT,  Mgr. 

Late  of  Redondo  Hotel. 


Model  Home 


IN 


Southern  California 

To  Exchange  For 

Eastern  Income 
Property 

I  have  ten  acres,  thirty  miles  from  I,os  Angeles, 
in  one  of  the  best  towns  in  Southern  California, 
set  out  in  bearing  walnuts,  apricots,  prunes  and 
oranges,  rich  sandy  loam  soil,  ample  water-rights 
for  domestic  use  and  irrigation  at  nominal  cost. 

Modern  ten-room  house,  beautiful  grounds, 
lawn,  flowers  and  shrubs,  in  fact  a  complete 
home  at  a  moderate  price,  $8,000,  that  will  pay 
now  ten  per  cent,  net  per  annum  from  fruit  on 
place,  and  get  better  each  year.  Will  take  good 
property  in  Michigan,  Illinois  or  Ohio,  to  value 
of  property  here,  less  $1,000,  which  must  be  in 
cash.  I  have  other  properties  for  sale  and  ex- 
change. Write  to  me  for  information  re- 
garding them  or  about  Southern  California. 

Leonard  Merrill 

240=241  Bradbury  Block 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


TO  CLOSE  A 


Valuable 
Estate 


By  authority  of  Mr.  O.  H.  Picher,  executor,  I 
offer  the  beautiful  and  productive  Orange  Orch- 
ards of  the  "  Picher  Estate,"  situated  in  North 
Ontario,  above  the  Santa  Fe  R.  R.  The  estate 
comprises : 

2  Orchards 

Of  40  acres  each,  set  solid  to  Oranges  and 
lycmons ;  both  orchards  in  bearing  and  pay- 
ing good  dividends. 

2  Orchards 

Of  10  acres  each,  set  solid  to  Oranges  and 
I^emons,  3  years  old. 

A  First-Class  Water  right 

Is  attached  to  the  citrus  land.  All  above  the 
frost  line. 

180  Acres 

Set  solid  to  Prune,  Peach  and  Almonds  ;  will 
sell  in  10-  acre  lots. 

The  attention  of  anyone  desiring  a  home  in  a 
lovely  section,  and  a  profitable  orchard  proposi- 
tion at  the  same  time,  is  invited. 

W.  H.  HOIiflBlt^D,  Sole  Agent, 
404  S.  Broadway,  Los  Angeles. 


CALIFORNIA 


EARTHENWARE 

AND  STONEWARE 

Also  Manufacturers  of 

Peter  Stone's  Celebrated;! 
Charcoal  Carbonated 
Water  Filter. 


E.MI1IN8IREET 


Office  : 

219  W.    Fourth 

Street 

liOS  Angeles. 


pOMBINED 


Only  filter  recom^i ended  by  Ralston. 


POlHDEXfER  «  WaDSWORTK 

BROKERS 
305  West  Second  St.,    ILos  Angeles,  Cal. 

Buy  and  sell  Real  Estate,  Stocks,  Bonds  and 
Mortgages,  on  commission,  make  collections, 
manage  property  and  do  a  general  brokerage 
business.  Highest  references  for  reliability  and 
good  business  management. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


LA  FIESTA  DE  LOS  ANGELES 


UNIQUE 

CHARACTERISTIC 

BEAUTIFUL 


rl- 


flPl^m  22m26,  1896 

THE  ANNUAL  CELEBRATION  OF  SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA 
AND  THE  SOUTHWEST ■ 


Interesting  day  parade  of  Spanish  Caballeros,  Mexican  Vaque- 
ros,  Indians  and  Cliinese.  Magnificent  night  pageant  of  <<  The 
Lands  of  the  Sun."    A  carnival  of  30,000  maskers.     A  beautiful 

floral  parade  of  300  equipages  covered  with  fragrant  blossoms,  worked  out  in  unique 

designs — impossible  elsew^here  on  the  continent  outside  of  sunny  Southern  California. 

I'he  railroads  offer  every  facility  for  a  delightful  trip  to  the  coast.  L.ocal  rates  greatly 

reduced.    Ample  hotel  aocommodatlons  at  low  rates. 


50,000    ACRES    OP    LAND    POR    SALE 

SUBDIVIDED    TO    SUIT 

IN  SAN   LUIS  OBISPO  AND  SANTA  BARBARA 
COUNTIES 

Suitable  for  Dairying,  Fruit  and  Vegetable  Growing.     Climate  perfect,  Soil  fertile,  Water  abundant 
I15.00  to  lioo.oo  per  acre.    Terms  to  suit.    Don't  buy  until  you  see 
this  part  of  California. 
Per  further  Information  apply  to : 

PACIFIC  LAND  COMPANY  (Owners) 

SAN  LUIS  OBISPO,  CALIFORNIA 


This  fjagazine 


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AND 

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OFFICE  AND  WINB  VAULTS 
COR.   THIRD  AND  ALAMRDA 
ST  R  BETS 
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FAMILY  TRADE  SOLICITED 

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TCLCPHONK    810  BOX    206 


PlcMe  m«Btioii  UuU  you  "mw  it  in  the  Land  op  SxmtBiifB. 


The  Day  of  New  Blood 

This  is  an  era  of  change — of  new  men,  new  ideas 

and  new  blood,  and  if  you  are  interested 

in  the  End  of  the  Century    it  is 

all  mirrored  in 

The  Fly  Leaf 

A  Pamphlet  Periodical  of  the  Modern 

CONOUCTCD    BY 

WALTER   BLACKBURN    HARTE 

All  the  cleverest,  wittiest,  original,  Individual 
and  Independent  writers  of  the  East  and  West 
contribute  to  Fly  Leaf.  It  is  American  through- 
out, with  no  Anglomania  in  it. 

Editor  Harte  is  young  and  audacious,  and  he 
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eye  every  time.  Each  number  is  better  than  the 
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It  is  the  Wittiest  and  most  Independent  and 
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Price  10  cents  a  Copy.      $1.00  a  Year. 
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Works  of  Chas.F.Lummis 

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adventure  may  be." 

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■'  \  charming  volume." — The  Academy,  London. 
•  Uniformly  and  surpassingly  brilliant." 

—Boston  Traveller. 

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Some  Strange  Corners  of  Our  Country. 

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which  is  worth  a  careful  reading." 

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thing we  have  ever  read,  in  or  out  of  folklore." 
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Published  by  A.  C   McClurg&  Co.,  Chicago. 

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"  More  exciting  than  any  romance." 

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i'ublished  by  Lamson,  Wolffe  &  Co.,  Boston. 
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antiquities  exhumed  by  him  in  the  rUins  of  Peru. 


t( 


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A  Financial  Guide  to  Southern   California   and 

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vestments. 

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Office,  4  Bryson  Block,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

the  gentle 
sportsman's 
illustrated  magazine, 
reveals  virgin  woods  and 
waters — homes  of  the 
trout,  the  bass,  the  deer 
i  and  quail — and  tells  of 
hundreds  of  places  to 
freely  hunt  and  fish. 

Price  ten  cents  ;  three 
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NOW  READY 


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BY  PERCIVAL  POLLARD 


CAPE  OF  STORMS 


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received  now  for  this  ihe  most  artistically  finished  volume  ever  presented  at  so  popular  a 

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scription  to  THE  ECHO  for  75c. 


8ub« 


Ple««c  mention  that  yon  "  saw  it  ia  the  Land  of  Bvunamm.' 


DO  YOU  WANT  A  HOHt 


IN  ONTARIO  ? 


ii 


The  Model  Colony" 

of  Southern  California 

ORANGE  GROVES  wehavb 

LEMON  GROVES  so„db.«ks. 

__  FIRST-CI^ASS  HOTELS 

wKH.v«        OLIVE  ORCHARDS  bx.ect.xc.ioht 

GOOD  LAND  APRICOT    ORCHARDS  EX,ECTRXC  RY 

GooDWATEx.  PEACH  ORCHARDS  compx.ete 

ToriTcHEs         PRUNE  ORCHARDS 

goodsocxetv  almond  ORCHARDS      "^""" 


In  5,  10,  20,  or  40-Acre  Tracts 

At  reasonable  prices  and  on  terms 
to  suit  purchasers. 


For  full  information  and  descriptive  pamphlet,  write  to 

HANSON  &  CO., 

Or,  122  Pall  Mall,  London,  England.  OlltariO,     CaHfomia. 

Please  mention  that  you  "  aaw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sukshiw*." 


THE    CHICAGO    LIMITED 


PULLMAN'S 

NEWEST 

PALACES 


VIA 


HARVEY'S 

DINING  CAR 

SERVICE 


THE  QUICKEST  TRAIN  ACROSS  THE  CONTINENT 
RUNS  EVERY  DAY 

Leaves  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  8:cx)  p.  m.     Arrives  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  6:05  p.  m. 


The 


Cuy 


amaca.... 

RAILROAD    GOES 


r 


A\ 


THROUGH    THE    HEART    OF    THE 
MOST  CHARMING   REGION 
IN  OUR  SOUTHLAND. 


If  you  don't  believe  SAN  DiEGO  has  a  beautiful  and  productive  back  country, 
make  a  trip  to  the  Lemon  Grove,  La  Mesa  and  El  Cajon  districts— visit  Lakeside. 

SEEING     IS    BELIEVING 

Fine  Hunting  all  the  year  round. 

San  Diego,  Cuyamaca  &  Eastern  Ry. 

WALDO  S.  WATERMAN,   Gen'l  Manager, 

Depot  Foot  of  loth  Street,  San  Diego,  California. 

99-  WRITE  FOR  FURTHER  INFORMATION. 


piNE  ^ALF-TONE  pRINTING 


A   SPECIALTY 


I^INGSLEY 
gARNES 
& 
^EUNER 

Co. 


Frinten  and  Binders  to 
"  LiOTD  or  SmreHiOTi.' 


123  South  Broadway 


226  S.  Spring  St.,  lyos  Angei.es 

Oldest,  Largest  and  Best.    Send  for  Catalogue. 


G.  A.  Hough, 

President. 


N.  G.  Felkbr, 

Vice  President. 


UNCLE  SAM 

i(^SAYS@^ 

I  TRY  EVERY  TT 
PE  WRITER  THAI 
AMERICA  PRODU 
CESj«tiro!5BS> 
AT  WASHINGTON 
I  USE  1620RE 

ALLOmER  MAK. 
E5  370  ^SiSm 


^^   l^r  Send  for  Catalogue 

G.  G.  WICKSON  &  CO. 
1  1  1  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES 

3  &  5  Front  St..   San  Francisco 

24-9  Stark  St..   Portland,  Ore. 


Poland  Rock 
\Srater 

Company    502  S.  Broadway 


S.  BARTHOI.OMEW 
Manager 


TEILEPHONE  926 


WE'D 

LIKE 

TO 

SEE 

YOU 

ABOUT 

A 

SURREY! 

We  IiaTe  all  styles  and  prices,  but  for  a    moderate-priced  Surrey,  one  that  will  give 
you  satisfaction,  the  best  value  for    the   money,    we    recommend    the    '♦ENTERPRISE," 

No.  234,  made  by  the  Enterprise  Carriage  Mfg.  Co.,  Miamisburg,  Ohio. 
Sold  by 

MATHEWS    IMPLEMENT    CO., 
120,  122  and  124  South  Los  Angreles  Street,  Los  Ang-eles,  Cal. 


PleAae  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshink." 


We  have  the  Largest  and  Most  Elegant  Jewelry  Store  in  Southern 
California,  and  would  cordially  invite  you  to  calland  inspect  our  magnificent  stock. 
Diamonds,  Fine  Gold  Jewelry,  Sterling  Silver,  Silver-Plated  Wares,  Silver  Mounted 

Leather  Goods,  Beautiful  Enamel  Jewelry. 

OUR  ANGEL  SPOON— made  in  tea,  coffee  and 
orange  spoons. 


Novelties  in  Sterling  Silver. 
Opera  Glasses. 


The  only  special  local  souvenir  spoon 
made  in  Southern  California. 

Design  Patented— Beware  of  Imitations. 
Montgomery  Bros.,  jewelers  and  silversmiths, 
120-182  North  Spring  St.,  I.08  Angeles,  C»l. 


ONtY  DIRECT  IMPOKTKRS  OF 


WHY     YOU     SHOULD     USE     OUR 

GAS  STOVES 

ist.  Because  they  are  much  cheaper  than  coal 
stoves. 

and.  Because  they  cost  less  to  keep  in  re- 
pair. 

.3rd.  Because  they  save  enormously  in  "time 
and  temper,"  require  no  attention,  and  can  be 
lighted  and  extinguished  in  a  minute. 

4th.  Because  they  make  neither  dirt,  smoke 
nor  ashes. 

5th.  Because  they  take  up  very  little  space, 
and  for  this  reason  are  especially  desirable  for 
those  virho  have  small  kitchens  or  who  reside  in 
Hats. 

LOS  ANGELES  LIGHTING  CO., 

457   SOUTH  iBROADWAY. 


LOS  ANQCLCS 
INCUBATORS 

ANO    BROOOCRS 
ARC    BCST 

Poultry  Supplies 

Bone  Cutters,  Alfal- 
fa Cutters,  Shell 
'•rinders,  Spray 
lumps,  Caponiz- 
iiiK  Sets,  Drinking 
Fountains,  Poultry 
Kooks,  etc.  CaU- 
logues  Fre«. 

£.  Second  St. 


4i^  Send  for  up-to-date  Catalogtie,  just  issued. 
KDWARD8  Si  JOHNSON, 
113  North  Main  Street,*: L.os  Angeles. 


P.  Bnnt 
TiMO.  A.  B«Mi 


m  I  HUNI      ] 


C[r«fiita;«t8 

424  STIMSON  BOILDIIIG 


LOS   ANOCLCS. 

CALirORNIA 


Tsi..  201 


"THB    /V\BeeA     OP    ALL     TOURISTS. 

>  nJ/- v!^  vl^  ^V  ^  ^'' ^l' ^I"^  >'' ■^  ^t*  >t' ^' 

litttausBai 


Hotel  del  goRONADo 


> 

4  , 

jN 

H 

S^^B'P" 

'^^^^^3 

Ik 

'i 

P^^B 

g 

g 

THE  LARGEST  RESORT  HOTEL  IN  THE  WORLD 

Tlie  Center  of  Society  on  the  Pacific  Coast.    You.  ^will  find  Cliarni- 
ing  People,  Deligh.tful  Surroundings,  and  all  kinds 
of  Amusements  at  ttiis 

THE    FOREMOST   SEASIDE   RESORT 


The  U.  S,  Flagship  "  Philadelphia,"  the  huge  Monitor"  Monterey,"  the  Fish  Commission  Steamer 

"Albatross,"  with  treasures  trom  the  sea,  all  open  to  visitors.    The  English  Warship 

"iComus,"  the  Italian    Man-ofWar  "Christotoro  Colombo," 

and    other    vessels   expected. 

RECEPTIONS,  BALLS,  ETC.,  ARE  THE  ORDER  OF  THE  DAY 


Life 


Los  Angeles  Agency 

129  North  Spring  Street 


Dream/'      at     Hotel     del 

^=^=^Coronado     Beach,     Cal.==^ 


Coronado ! 


E.  S. 


BTKBCOCK, 

INAanager. 


RBADY  FOR   THE  KABBIT  CHASE. 


VyJ»L^t!*l^L!^^ 


'THE    p-RItiB    OP    THE    PAeiPie." 


V^  IV,  No.  5 


f 


:^^  Of  ' 
03r 


Krril,  159 


ffll  SOUTHWESTEi^ONDtRLflND 


SOUTHWEST 


LosAngeles 


«ic«ieo  ia9r>  *»  lAMoof  sumsmimc  pub  co 


^r*v 


T<^ 


OF  SUNSHINE  PUBLISHING  CO. 

INCORPORATED 

501-503  3timson  Buildini:. 


$1 


A 


HOTEL     Burke,    Prescott,  Arizona. 


^     ^IS'     -*•     -5J>      <5?-     -^J^     >»- 

AMERICAN  PLAN 

The    only    Hotel    with     all 
Modern    Improvements. 

Cuisine  Unexcelled 

and  special  attention  given 

to  the  Dining  Room 

Service. 


-9-    -*^ 


^     ^     rSJi- 


Fine  Sample  Rooms  for  Commercial  Travelers  TBupkc    3c    "H  Ick^V 

»Bus  meets  all  Trains 


PROPRIETORS. 


HOXeL       PT^LOTVYKReS 


POIVIONA,  CALIFORNIA 


A  strictly  first-class  house  ol 
130  large  rooms,  elegantly  fur- 
nished. Situated  on  the  main 
lines  of  the  Southern  Pacific  and 
Santa  F6  Railways,  32  miles  east 
of  Los  Angeles.  Rates,  $2.50  to 
$3.50  per  day  ;  $13.50  to  $17.50  per 
week. 

V.  D.  SIMMS,  Manager. 


WE  make  highest  grade  half-toneft  and  zinc 
etchings.  Original  designs  and  up  to  date 
ideas  in  piinting  plates  for  all  purposes.  Souve- 
nirs, book  covers  and  catalogues,  labels,  wrap- 
pers, cartoons  and  ads  for  newspapers.  Every- 
thing you  apply  cuts  to  for  illustration. 

Union  Photo  Fngfaving  Co., 

1213^  S.  Broadway,  Los  Angeles 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


YOU  WILL_KIND  T"E  ^  Q  L  L  E/N  B  ECK 


PREE£DI1%EnTUY 

*She  most  centrally  lo- 
cated, best  appointed 
and  best  kept  Botel 
in  the  city. 

^American    or    Euro- 
pean Plan. 

Rates  reasonable. 

Second  and  ... 

Spring  Streets     |i^|^^, 

Los  Angeles.  Cal. 


The  Hesicici^ai'tePs  in  lies    flngeles   foP   the    Tourist   Travel 


'^^. 


HI      t 


NEAR  REDLANDS, 

Ten-acre 

Orange 

Groves 

in 

frostless 

locality. 

I   also  have  Peach 
1  and  Apricot  Orch- 

ards, and  Vineyards  and 
Farming      Lands      for 
Stock  and  Grain. 
All  first-class  and  plenty  of  water 
for  irrij^alion. 
CITY    BUILDING    LOTS 
Inquire  of  owner, 

W.  S.  ALLEN 

332-334  South  Spiing  Street,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

FOR  SALE, 

Special  to  the  Land  of  Sunshine.— 6-room 
modern  new  Colonial  cottage.  Hall,  bath,  hot 
and  cold  water,  patent  water  closet,  fine  mantel, 
lawn,  street  graded,  etc.  Only  $2,500.  Terms, 
I500,  cash;  balance  monthly.  One  of  many  good 
homes  in  Los  Angeles  for  sale.  Before  you  buy, 
•ee  J.M.  TAYLOK  A  CO.,  102  8.  Broadway. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  op  Sumsmimb. 


OCEAN    BATHING    IN    WINTER 


North  Beach  Warm  Plunge,  Santa  Monica,  Cal. 


Is  a  novelty  that  you  can  enjoy  no- 
where in  the  United  States  except  in 
Southern  California. 

AT    SANTA   MONICA 

THB 

BIG  PLUNGE 

is  warm  every  day  in  the  year,  and 

lots  of  people  go  in  the  ocean,  too. 
The  North  Beach  Bath  House  is 

equipped  with  fine  wool  bath  suits 
and  comfortable  rooms.     The 

HOT  SALT  BATHS   IN    PORCE- 
LAIN TUBS 

ofifer  perfection  of  comfort  and  scru- 
pulous cleanliness. 
JS^  Write  East    that    You  liave 
been  svrimixiing;  in  mid-w^lnter. 


$10 


PER     ACRE 

FOR     FINE     LANDS 

IN  THE 


$10 


FANITA  RANCHO 

EL  CAJON  VALLEY 
1669  Acres  for     -     .     $18,000 
1420  Acres  for     -     -     $12,000 

Smaller  Tracts  for  $30  to  $80  per  acre, 

WILL  GROW  ANYTHING. 

This  property  is  twelve  miles  from  the  city  of 
San  Diego  and  two  miles  from  Cuyamaca  Rail- 
road. It  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Hosmer  P. 
McKoon,  and  will  be  sold  at  the  appraised  value. 

For  further  information  address 

FANNIE  M.   McKOON,   EXECUTRIX, 

Santee,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal. 


ECHO    MOUNTAIN    HOUSE 

NEVER  CLOSES.  Bestofser- 
vice  the  year  round.  Purest  of  water, 
most  equable  climate,  with  best  hotel 
in  Southern  California.  Ferny  glens, 
babbling  brooks  and  shady  forests 
within  ten  minutes'  walk  of  the  house. 
Electric  transportation  from  Echo 
Mountain  House  over  the  Alpine 
Division  to  Crystal  Springs,  The 
grandest  mountain,  canon,  ocean  and 
valley  scenery  on  earth.  Livery 
stables  at  Echo  Mountain,  Altadena 
Junction  and  Crystal  Springs.  Special 
rates  to  excursions,  astronomical, 
moonlight,  searchlight  parties,  ban- 
quets and  balls.  Full  information  at 
office  of 

MOUNT  I.OWE  RAILWAY, 

Cor,  Third  and  Spring  streets,  Los 
Angeles.  Grand  Opera  House  Block, 
Pasadena,  Cal.  Echo  Mountain  House 
Postoffice,  Echo  Mountain,  California. 

On  Alpine  niviKinn  of  the  Mt    Lowe  Railway,  March,  18% 

Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine." 


The  Land  of  Sunshine 

Contents— April,  1896. 

PAGE 

Dancing  the  Cuna,  by  A.  F.  Harmer,  frontispiece 

A  Dance  in  Old  San  Diego  (poem)  by  John  Vance  Cheney 203 

The  Southwestern  Wonderland  (illustrated)  by  Chas  F.  Lummis 204 

Lessons  from  the  Alhambra  (illustrated)  by  Chas.  D.  Tyng 214 

Monterey  Mission  in  1792  (illustration) 222 

The  Hopkins  Seaside  Laboratory  (illustrated)  by  Ernest  B.  Hoag 223 

Charlie  Graham  (poem)  by  Eugene  M.  Rhodes 227 

The  Shadow  of  the  Great  Rock  (story)  by  Bertha  S.  Wilkins 227 

Our  Foothill  Neighbors,  by  Mary  E.  Wright 229 

The  Golden  Poppy  (poem)  by  Mary  E.  Mannix 231 

A  Rare  Morning  Glory  (illustrated)  by  Ethelind  Lord 232 

The  Landmarks  Club 233 

La  Fiesta,  1896 234 

The  Lion's  Den  (by  the  Editor 235 

A  Plague  o'  Both  their  Houses  —  And  the  Schoolmaster  Still  Abroad  —  Our 
Firecracker  Congress  —  Steals  What  He  Most  Needs. 

That  Which  is  Written  (by  the  Editor) 238 

Forewords— The  Homer  of  the  Jungle— A  Prolific  Family— Not  that  Sort  of 
Children  —A  Promising  Start— A  Narrow  Escape— This,  That  and  T'Other. 

Flagstaff  (illustrated) 241 

Interesting  Books  About  California. 

Gems  of  California  Scenery,  12  half-tone  engravings,  5x8  inches..,. |    25 

Souvenir  of  Los  Angeles,  34  photogravures 25 

Los  Angeles,  the  California  Summerland,  17  8x10  pages,  37  photogravures      50 

Southern  California,  Van  Dyke,  12  mo.  cloth 50 

A  Truthful  Woman  in  California,  Kate  Sanborn 75 

Our  Italy,  Charles  Dudley  Warner  (illustrated,  quarto) 2  50 

California  Wild  Flowers,  oblong  folio i  00 

The  real  things,  pressed  and  mounted. 

The  Land  of  Poco  Tiempo,  Chas.  F.  Lummis 2  50 

And  all  other  works  by  I,uramis. 

Stories  of  the  Foothills,  Margaret  Collier  Graham,  of  Pasadena i  25 

Mariposilla,  Mrs.  Chas.  Stewart  Daggert,  of  Pasadena i  25 

California  Mountains,  by  John  Muir i  50 

"  People  of  brains  and  heart  will  read  this  book  and  love  its  author." 

Among  the  Pueblo  Indians,  by  Eickmeyer,  (illustrated) i  75 

Helen  Hunt  Jackson's  world-famous  '*  Ramona,"  cloth i  25 

Any  of  the  above  books,  as  well  as  any  book  published,  sent  post- 
paid upon  receipt  of  price. 

STOLL  &  THAYER  CO., 
Booksellers  and  Stationers,  139  Spring  St.,  Bryson  Block, 

LOS  ANGBLBS,  CAI.. 


Rancho  Los  Palos  Verdes 


About  2000  acres  of  this  famous 
old  rancho  is  offered  to  colonists 
or  investor.  It  is  fine  Ft»uit 
and  Gfain  liand,  with  abundance  of  excellent  water  (but  irrigation  is  not  necessary). 
Los  Palos  Verdes  is  but  i6  miles  from  the  thriving  city  of  Los  Angeles,  and  i^  miles 
from  San  Pedro  harbor,  the  future  seaport  of  the  Southwest.  Price  for  the  tract,  135 
per  acre.  Call  or  address  W.  I.  HOLLINGSWORTH  &  CO.,  Agents, 
Inside  and  Outside  Real  Estate,  319)^  South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
General  Agents  Hathaway's  WOOD  LAWN,  ^  ^igh  grade  city  residence  tract. 


WOODLAWN,  THE  NEW  RESIDENCE  TRACT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

Call  on  Owner  for  Information,  at 

319 }4   South   Broadway,  Los  Aiig-eles,  Oal. 


HAWLEY,    KING   &  CO .  '"'^^  %^,1%Tks^ '''*° 


210  NORTH  MAIN  STREET 


LOS  ANGELES,  GAL. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  ii  in  the  I,and  of  Sunshine." 


*^We  Sell  the  Earth" 

^^^^^^^  BASSETT  &  SiWITH 


ARE  you 


ROTM^ONK 


Looking  for  a  Home  ?    Are  you  looking  for 

an  Investment?    Do  you  want  to  locate  in 

one  of  the  Finest  Spots  on  this  Earth?  Our  opinion  is 

that  that  spot  is  the  POMONA  VAL.I.EY.    There  may 

be  equals,  but  no  superiors. 

We  have  for  sale  in  this  valley,  and  elsewhere,  Olive 
Orchards,  Lemon  Orchards,  Orange  Orchards,  also 
orchards  of  Prune,  Peach,  Plum,  etc.,  etc.,  large  or 
small ;  also  Stock  Ranches,  Bee  Banches,  and  large 
tracts  of  Land  for  Colony  purpose.  We  believe  the  OlilVE  INDUSTBY  will  make  one 
of  the  best  paying  investments  on  this  coast      We  now  have  for  sale  the  noted 

Houiland  Olive  Hanch  and   Olive  Oil  Plant 

150  Acres  with  fine  OUve  Oil  Mill;  income  last  year  over  $8,000.      For  Information  or  Descrip- 
tive Matter  about  California  or  any  of  her  industries,  call  on  or  address 


BASSETT  3c   SMITH 

Pomona,  Cal. 


AT  EAST  SAN  GABRIEL, 


fJ!^       About  200  acres  of  land  subdivided  into  small  tracts  as  desired.    Artesian 
'p         water  supply.     Railroad  facilities  first-class.     This  land  will  be  set  to 
trees  if  desired  and  cared  for  at  reasonable  expense 
Price  of  Land  .$2<)0  Per  Acre,  on  very  easy  terms.     This  property  is  situ- 
ated six  miles  from  Los  Angeles  city  limits  and  is  level,  No.  i  land. 
I  have  some  good  mining  properties  for  sale  and  lands  for  exchange. 
Call  or  address,  E.  K.  ALEXANDER,  146  S.  Broadway 


PACIFIC  CYCLE  COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS 
AND  PLATERS -^ 


Makers  of  the  Popular  .... 

"PACIFIC*  CYCLES 
TANDEHS  INVALID  CHAIRS 

WHEELS   MADE  TO  ORDER 
#•# 

Electro  Plating.  Gold,  Silver,  Nickel,  Copper,  etc. 
Jewelers.  Carrag:e,  Instrument,  Fixture  Platine. 
Hotel  and  Private  Tableware  Plated  Equal  to  Rogers 
Mining  Plates __^_«^^^^ 

Largest  Cycle  Repair  Department  in  the  West. 
Parts  Made  for  any  Wlieel. 
Enamling  in  ail  Colors 

Machinery,  Surgical  Instruments  Made. 
Die  Press  Work. 

Office  and  Salesroom 
618  S.  Broadtoay,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


^GRAVINGCS 


HOTEL 


E.  C.  JONES 

E.  W.  JONES 


VINCENT 


Tel.  1289 


615  SOUTH  BROADWAY, 
LOS  ANGELES, 
CAL. 


New  Throughout.  Radiators  throughout  the 
hotel.  Private  and  public  baths.  Gas  and 
electricity.  Full  hotel  service.  Rooms  single  or 
en  suite,  by  the  day,  week  or  month.  Transient 
patronage  solicited.  Terms  the  best  in  the  city. 
200  feet  of  sunny  frontage.    Kuropean  Plan. 


PlcMe  menUon  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  op  SuirtHiNB.' 


WHEN  YOU  VISIT 

SAN    DIEGO 

REMEMBER    .  .  . 


RATES 

$2.50  PER  DAY 

AND    UP 


American  Plan  Only.  Centrally 
located.  Elevators  and  fire  escapes.  Baths, 
hot  and  cold  water  in  all  suites.  Modern  con- 
veniences. Fine  large  sample  rooms  for  com- 
mercial travelers. 


REDI^ANDS»««* 

•f^  Ranches,  liesidences  and  all 

kinds  of  Real  Estate  in  Redlands  at  reasonable 
rates.  See  Redlands  before  buying.  Call  upon 
or  address  JOHN  P.  FISK,  Jr., 

Rooms  I  and  2  Union  Bank  Block, 

Redlands,  Cal. 


CALIFORNIA   WINE    MERCHAN 


We  will  ship  two  sample  cases  assorted 
wines  (one  dozen  quarts  each)  to  any  part 
of  the  United  States,  Freight  Prepaid, 
upon  the  recipt  of  $9.00.  Pints  ( 24  in 
case),  50  cents  per  case  additional.  We 
will  mail  full  list  and  prices  upon  applica- 
tion. 

Respectfully, 

C.  F.  A.  LAST, 


131  N.  Main  St., 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


HOTEL  AReADIA,  Santa  Monica,  Cal 


The  only  first  class 
tourist  hotel  in  this, 
the  leading  coast  re 
sort  of  the  Pacific.  15^ 
pleasant  rooms,  large 
and  airy  ball  room 
beautiful  lawn  and 
flower  gardens.  Mag- 
n  i  fi  c  e  n  t  panoramic 
view  of  the  sea.  First- 
class  orchestra.  Surf 
and  hot  water  baths 
a  positive  cure  for 
nervous  and  rheumatic 
disorders. 

S.    REINHART 

Proprietor 
Time  from  Los  An- 
geles by  Santa  F4  or 
S.  P.  R.R,  35  minutes. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


1^  1^ 


Hi 


^ 


O  r%, 


^      ^     11 


fe 


a 


in 


HOTEL  VENDOME 


SRH  JOSE, 

CflLiipOl^rilfl 


THIS  BtAUTIFUL  HOTEL 
IS  SITUATED  IN  THE  WON- 
DERFUL SANTA  CLARA  VAL- 
LEY. THE  "garden  of  the 
WORLD   " 


Charming  Summer  and  Winter  Resort. 
Sunny  Skies.     Climate  Unsurpassed. 

^      Heoflqooners  lor  oil  Tourisis  lo  ine  Greol  Lick  ODservolory 


In  a  word  the  Vendome  is  Modern,  Comfortable,  Homelike;  is  First-Class  in  every  respect,  and 
so  are  its  patrons.    Write  for  rates  and  Illustrated  SouTenir. 

GEO.  P.  SNELL,  Manager, 


RBBOTSFORD 
•/      INN 


8tli  and  HOPE  Sts. 


The  only  thoroughly  comfortable  tourist 
hotel  in  Los  Angeles. 

Heated  throughout  by  steam. 
Convenient  to  four  lines  of  street  railway. 

Just  outside  the  business  district. 
Strictly  first-class. 

None  but  white  labor  is  employed. 

ABBOTSFORD  INN  CO. 


f5)j  'H  o  rG^ini  is  a  mountain-rimmed  val- 
V^  I  Hi'  ^^-^J  ^'  ley.  about  15  miles  distant 
from  the  Santa  Barbara  Channel,  and  950  feet 
altitude,  lying  between  Los  Angeles  (distant  85 
miles)  and  Santa  Barbara  (37  miles).  The  climate 
is  particularly  beneficial  to  asthmatic  and  pul- 
monary invalids.  This  valley  is  famous  for  its 
wonderful  climate  and  beautiful  scenery.  The 
climate  is  particularly  adapted  to  those  suffering 
from  Asthma,  Bronchial,  Catarrhal  and  Lung 
Troubles.  The  adjacent  mountains  and  canons 
futnish  good  sport  for  lovers  of  the  rod  and  gun. 

OAK  GLEN  COTTAGES 

(recently  renovated  and  improved)  is  the  only 
hotel  m  the  valley  having  cottages  separate  from 
main  building  and  situated  in  a  natural  park  of 
live  oaks.     For  rates  and  information,  address 

W.  H.  TURNER, 
Nordhoff  P.  O.,  Ventura  Co.,  Cal. 

Routes  :— Railroad  from  San  Francisco  and 
Los  Angeles  to  Santa  Paula,  Ventura  and  Santa 
Barbara.  Steamers  from  San  Francisco,  Los  An- 
geles and  San  Diego  to  Santa  Barbara  and  Ven- 
tura. From  Ventura,  daily  mail  stage,  fare  $1. 
From  Santa  Barbara,  semi- weekly  stage  over  the 
charming  Casitas  Pass  road,  fare  $3.  From  Santa 
Paula,  carriages.  Telephone  connection  with 
Ventura,  and  all  towns  iu  Southern  California. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine.' 


I 


L.  A.  Enp.  Co 


Painted  hy  A   F.  Farmer,  after  photo,  copyrighted  by  C.  F.  Lummii 
DANCING    THE    "CUNA." 


Vol.  4,  No.  5. 


LOS  ANGELES 


APRIL,  1896. 


A  Dance  in  Old  San  Diego. 


Copyrifbt  1S%  by  Lind  of 


BY   JOHN    VANCE   CHENEY. 


T  is  on  the  bough-roofed  dancing-floor, 
'Way  back  in  the  brave  days  now  no  more  : 
It  is  among  the  cavaliers, 
A- tripping  with  the  lissome  dears 
That  bared  those  famous  ankles,  down 
In  gay  old  San  Diego  town. 
The  viols  strike  up  and  the  guitar, 
And  yonder,  as  comes  the  evening  star, 
Her  filmy  skirt  a  little  lifted  — 

A  curling  cloud  afloat,  wind-shifted, 

Blown  now  to  left,  and  now  to  right  — 

Glides  Josefita  into  sight. 

Yon  rider,  he  to  every  dear 

The  boldest,  gayest  cavalier. 

Is  rocking,  rocking  in  his  seat, 

Keeping  the  motion  of  her  feet. 

He  turns  his  horse,  he  runs  him  round 

The  circuit  of  the  dancing-ground. 

The  earth  is  heaving  like  the  ocean, 

Witched  with  Josefita's  motion. 

He  comes  again,  he  comes  a-riding. 

And  comes,  too,  Josefita  gliding. 

The  bamba  !  brighter  shines  the  star ; 

He  claps  his  spurs,  he  leaps  the  bar. 

Dancing  !    Sweet  heavens,  look  on  her  now  ! 

Not  so  light  are  the  leaves  that  dance  on  the  bough. 

The  brimming  ^lass  upon  her  head 

Dreams  like  a  lily  upon  its  bed  ! 

See !  something  she  whispers  in  his  ear 

That  you  would  give  the  world  to  hear. 

Aha  !  somebody  will  go  down. 

To-night,  in  San  Diego  town  ; 

But  wnere's  the  shape  that  he  could  fear, 

He,  Josefita's  cavalier ! 


204 


The  Southwestern  Wonderland. 


^ 


BY   CHAS.    F.    LUMMIS. 

[here  is,  so  far  as  travel  and  study  can  tell  one,  no  other 
area  in  the  world  quite  so  wonderful  as  the  Southwestern 
portion  of  the  United  States  ;  and  probably  none  so  little 
wondered  at — thanks  to  our  fine  American  ignorance  of 
whatever  we  have  not  been  told.  It  may  seem  anomalous 
that  nature  should  have  spent  such  a  fortune  on  the  most 
new-rich  of  nations,  instead  of  putting  it  where  it  would  be 
a  glory  to  its  home-people  and  a  mecca  to  the  rest  of  the 
world.  Yet  after  all  it  is  like  her,  the  mother  of  com- 
pensation. For  the  land  she  has  thus  chosen  for  a  marvel 
needed  redemption  of  some  sort.  Geographically  it  is  one 
of  the  most  curious  patchworks  in  existence  ;  and  at  first 
flush  a  great  part  of  it  is  reckoned  forbidding.  The  forests 
and  streams  of  conventional  lands  seem  to  have  been 
almost  forgotten.  While  the  other  half  of  the  continent 
is  low,  damp,  wooded,  this  half  is  elevated,  dry  and  bare — 
generically  speaking,  of  course.  And  the  lower  quarter, 
the  Southwest,  has  these  qualities  in  an  extraordinary 
degree.  Its  earth  is  arid ;  its  sky  is  unlike  any  that 
civilized  man  ever  dwelt  under  before  ;  so  desiccated  by  an 
almost  eternal  sun  that  it  seems  a  perennial  miracle  to 
those  who  had  known  only  humid  climes.  Its  atmosphere 
is  so  light,  so  clear,  so  tonic  that  those  once  fully  habituated  to  it  can 
never  again  approve  of  the  alternately  raw  and  muggy  humidities  of  the 
East  and  Europe,  Seventy  per  cent.,  perhaps,  of  this  huge  area  looks 
to  the  uninspired  tourist  a  howling  barren,  emphasized  rather  than 
redeemed  by  the  fertile,  thread-like  oases  of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona 
and  California's  Garden  of  Eden.  Its  landscapes  average  brown  and 
gray  ;  and  there  is  less  alluvial  soil  in  this  million  square  miles  than  in 
any  other  equal  area  inhabited  by  civilization.  Yet  the  husbandman  dis- 
covers that  the  largest  crop  he  ever  raised  in  the  sloe-black  "  bottoms  " 
of  the  Scioto  or  the  Kaweily  is  fourfolded  here  on  almost  any  gravel- 
bank — if  only  he  will  give  the  gravel  a  drink  of  water  six  or  seven  times 
a  year. 

It  is  the  country  of  swift  surprises  and  sharp  contrasts,  the  home  of 
the  paradox.  Nowhere  else  in  a  comparable  compass  is  there  any  such 
gamut  of  the  races  of  men,  nor  such  a  Joseph's  coat  of  geography, 
nor  such  variety  of  scenic  wonders  of  the  first  magnitude.  Not  that 
every  greatest  thing  on  earth  is  assembled  in  the  Southwest.  The 
Himalayas  are  rather  higher  than  any  peak  in  the  New  World,  as  the 
Andes  oversize  any  mountains  of  North  America.  The  tremendous  vol- 
canoes of  San  Gay  and  Cotopaxi  and  Kilauea  have  no  parallel  among 
the  countless  extinct  cones  of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona.  The  pre- 
historic monuments  of  Bolivia,  Peru,  Yucatan  and  Mexico  (not  to 
mention  Egypt  and  Babylon)  are  far  greater  and  more  splendid  than  any 


THE   SOUTHWESTERN    WONDERLAND. 


of  the  two  thousand  ruins  in  our  two  Territories.  There  are  cannibals 
and  Alps  and  Pyramids  elsewhere,  and  none  in  the  Southwest.  And 
some  matted  tropics  are  twice  as  prolific,  acre  for  acre,  as  Southern 
California. 

But  the  Southwest  has  a  great  many  things  peerless  each  in  its  class  ; 
and  is  itself  quite  peerless  in  its  aggregate  of  classes.  Foremost  of  its 
wonders,  of  course,  is  the  Grand  Caiion  of  the  Colorado  —  so  immeasur- 
ably the  greatest,  noblest,  most  awful  chasm  on  the  globe,  so  incompar- 
ably beyond  the  wildest  quebrada  of  the  Andes  or  most  stupendous  gorge 
of  the  Gauri  Sankar  that  to  say  "  I  have  never  seen  it "  is  to  confess  that 
one  has  really  not  yet  learned  the  rudiments  of  scenery. 

The  Yosemite  would  make  a  scratch  on  the  Grand  Caiion's  wall  prob- 
ably visible  across  the  chasm.  In  measurements  up,  down  and  across, 
the  Yosemite  would  not  be  huge  among  any  of  the  greatest  mountain 
systems  —  yet  it  is  unquestionably  unique  ;  the  most  impressive  glacial 
valley  known  to  man.     And  the  tallest  known  waterfall  is  in  it. 

The  largest  and  most  splendid  "  petrified  forest"  in  existence  is  in  the 
Southwest* — that  area  of  hundreds  of  square  miles  in  Arizona,  dotted 
with  huge  trunks  turned  into  the  most  beautiful  of  stone.  There  are 
petrified  logs  the  world  over  (and  many  other  areas  of  them  in  the  United 


Photo,  by  0.  F.  Lummis. 


^-!7Sr:itti, 


206 


LAND    OF    SUNSHINE. 


States)  ;  but  instead  of  the  dull,  grey,*  sandstone-looking 
product  familiar  elsewhere,  the  logs  and  chips  of  this 
"  forest"  are  of  almost  every  hue  of  the  rainbow,  and  of 
adamantine  hardness.  They  are  of  every  sort  of  agate, 
and  of  chalcedony,  and  of  topaz  and  amethyst ;  so  that, 
standing  in  this  enchanted  spot  one  thinks  of  Sinbad's 
Valley  of  the  Rocs  as  a  very  sober  place  indeed. 

Ten  times  the  greatest  of  all  "natural  bridges"^ — a 
bridge  2^  feet  high,  500  feet  span  and  600  feet  wide  — 
lies  in  western  Arizona,  in  the  picturesque  Tonto  Basin. 
The  largest  village  of  cave-dwellings  ever  inhabited  by 
aborigines  is  in  the  Southwest,  in  the  exquisite  canon  of 
the  Tyu-on-yi,  New  Mexico  ;  and  the  two  next  largest 
villages  are  near  it,  those  of  the  superb  buttes  of  the 
Pu-ye  and  the  Shu-fin-n6.  Not  only  were  these  the 
largest  communities  of  cave-dwellers  in  human  story, 
but  their  cave-homes  were  the  finest  ever  carved  from 
the  living  rock. 

The  largest  and  most  important  cliff-buildings  ever 
reared  by  man  are  in  this  same  strange  area ;  and  not 
only  that,  but  the  multitude  of  them  is  not  paralleled 
anywhere  else.  The  wonderful  grey  piles  of  the  Mancos 
and  the  Mc  Elmo,  the  Caiion  de  Ts^-gehi,  and  other  ruins 
of  southwestern  Colorado  and  northwestern  New  Mexico  ; 
"  Montezuma's  castle  "  and  other  prehistoric  monuments 
of  Arizona,  are  unmatched  in  any  other  land.  And 
nowhere  else  is  there  any  such  strange  setting  of  a  cliff-house  as  those 
wild  old  eyries  have  which  beetle  above  the  gloomy  tarn  of '  *  Montezuma's 
Well  "  in  the  Tonto  Basin,  Arizona. 

There  is  no  other  land   where   aborigines  still   dwell  in   prehistoric 


Jlausard-CoUier  Eng.  Co. 

Copyright  1891  by  C.  F.  L. 


AN  HEIR  OF  THE  CLIFF-DWELLERS. 


Mausard-Collier  Kng.  Co. 


Copyright  1891  by  0.  F.  Luinmis. 


CAVE-DWELUNCS  AT  THE  PU-YE,   N.  M. 


This  is  patting  it  modestly  ;  it  is  60  timei  as  great  u  its  nesrest  known  rival  in  the  United  States. 


^-^  \ri^> 


m 


TYPICAL   EROSION    IN   THE  GRAND  CANYON  fljoto.  b,  Otborp,  Flagtlsff. 


208 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


architecture  so  astonishing  and  so  impressive  as  that  of  Taos  and  Zufii 
and  the  seven  skyward  towns  of  the  Hupi.  Nor  did  man  in  any  other 
country  ever  occupy  just  such  a  marvelous  townsite  as  ancient  Acoma. 

Some  trees  are  said  to  be  higher  in  Australia,  and  I  know  some  are 
thicker  in  the  Amazonas  than  the  sequoias  of  California  ;  but  there^are 
no  other  trees  so  consummately  great,  nor  other  groves  so  noble.  The 
characteristic  mesa  formation  so  common  in  half  the  Southwest  is  typical 
in  no  other  country  —  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  striking  features  known 


L.  A.  Eii;..  Co.  Copyright  Its'Jl  by  C.  F    Lummis. 

DISTANT  VIEW  OF  "  MONTEZUMA'S  CASTLE." 

(  A  typical  cliff-dwelling.  5  stories  high  ) 

in  landscapes.  There  is  no  other  country  within  the  limits  of  a  civilized 
nation  where  any  savage  rite  so  astonishing  as  the  Moqui  snake-dance, 
with  live  rattlesnakes  as  "partners "  is  in  vogue  ;  *  no  other  where  such 
medieval  horrors  persist  as  the  crucifixion  of  the  Penitentes  ;  and  in  all 
probability  nowhere  else  in  the  world  is  there  such  a  collection  of 
historically  valuable  autographs  in  stone  as  those  carved  centuries  ago 
on  Inscription  Rock,  in  Western  New  Mexico. 

•  See  the  January  number,  p.  70. 


THE   SOUTHWESTERN    WONDERLAND. 


209 


Mau'^nrd-Collier  Eng.  Co. 


MONTEZUMA'S   WELL.' 


Copyright  1891  by  0.  F.  Lummis. 


For  an  area  so  neglected  by  self-styled  travelers,  that  is  a  fair  showing 
(though  only  the  briefest  outline)  of  "  biggest  things  ;  "  but  it  is  only  a 
trifling  part  of  the  list.  All  the  important  ruins  in  North  America  above 
Mexico  are  in  the  Southwest — from  the  immemorial  bulk  of  Civano-Ki  * 
(commonly  called  Casa  Grande)  and  the  other  ancient  cave-  and  cliff"- 
dwellings  of  Arizona,  through  the  awesome  stone  ruins  of  Tabird,  Ab6, 
Cuaray,  Pueblo  Bonito  and  many  more  in  New  Mexico,  to  the  archi- 
tecturally beautiful  Missions  of  Southern  California. 

The  most  remarkable  range  of  aboriginal  cultures  on  this  continent — 
and  probably,  for  equal  area,  in  the  world  —  is  here.  The  Apache  is 
beyond  question  the  most  effective  warrior  in  history,  judged  by  the 
absolute  standard  of  efficiency  ;  no  other  fighter,  savage  or  civilized,  ever 
killed  so  many  enemies  and  got  so  little  killed  himself.  Absolutely  the 
highest  art  of  basketry  is  found  only  among  a  few  Southwestern  tribes 


A  forgotten  rain  in  V,iQ. 


THE   SOUTHWESTERN    WONDERLAND. 


211 


on  this  Coast ;  and  the 
finest  blankets  known 
to  modern  times  were 
made  by  the  nomad 
Navajos  of  New  Mex- 
ico and  Arizona.  Short 
of  the  best  East  Indian 
fakeers,  there  are  no 
magicians  of  more  re- 
markable prowess  than 
the  shamans  of  the 
Pueblos  and  Navajos ; 
and  nowhere  are  there 
visible  in  this  day  of 
grace  more  gorgeous 
barbaric  dances  than 
those  of  these  tribes. 

There  is  no  other 
ethnologic  antithesis 
so  graphic.  Here  in 
a  single  area,  logically 
one  section  of  the  new- 
est and  greatest  of 
nations,  we  have  that 
tremendous  gamut  of 
humanity,  beginning  below  the  staflf  with  the  nomad  savage,  and  running 
through  every  note  up  to  civilization  in  alt ;  from  almost  the  human  a, 
b,  c,  up  to  the  z  of  modern  progress  —  for  it  is  now  past  discussion  that 
no  equal  number  of  men,  of  any  tongue,  ever  did  anywhere  so  much  in 


Mausard-Collier  Eng.  Co.  C<i 

THE  RUINS  AT  ABO, 


,'ht  1891  by  C.  F.  Luminis. 
M. 


■•oMrdCollier  Env  Co.  Copfriiiht   18!tl  l.y  C.  K.  Lurnmit. 

THE  OREATBST  NATURAL  BRIDGE  IN   THE   WORLD,   PINE  CREEK.  A.    T. 

The  little  circle  of  lifht  in  th*  central  bsekfround  i*  60U  feet  from  the  front  arch  and  200  feet  in  di*roeter. 


THE   SOUTHWESTERN    WONDERLAND. 


213 


a  decade  as  the  Saxon  has  done  in  the  last  and  greenest  edge  of  the 
Southwest.  We  have  Man  living  in  almost  the  primal  crudities  ;  in  the 
highest  form  of  the  tribal  relation  ;  in  the  patriarchal  life  that  v^^as  when 
Abraham  walked  the  earth  —  and  in  the  modes  of  Chicago.  All  that, 
within  the  ethnographic  stone's-throw  of  600  miles. 

The  highest  mountains  in  the  United  States  are  here,  beginning  with 
Mt.  Whitney  —  in  sight  from  whose  summit  is  the  lowest  depression,  save 
one,  on  the  face  of  the  globe.  The  Dead  Sea,  in  Palestine,  is  chief  of 
all  such  hollows  ;  but  Death  Valley  and  several  other  points  on  the  desert 
of  the  Colorado  are  hundreds  of  feet  below  the  level  of  the  sea.  Another 
contrast  is  that  one  of  the  most  typical  and  extensive  deserts  on  earth  is 
here  —  striated  and  elbowed  by  the  most  productive  areas  occupied  by 
English-speaking  peoples. 

This  is  but  the  most  diagrammatic  sketch  of  what  wonders  are  in  the 
Southwest.  I  have  for  years  spoken  of  these  truths*,  hoping  to  speed  by 
an  hour  or  two  the  day  when  Americans  shall  be  less  ignorant  of  their 
own  country  and  less  unprepared  to  understand  others.  But  really  there 
is  no  need  to  stop  dinging  at  it.  I  shall  follow  the  matter  up,  for  the 
values  of  America  are  decent  to  be  understood  by  Americans,  and  the 
subject  is  a  long  way  from  being  exhausted.  Expert  special  articles  on 
all  these  phases  of  the  Southwestern  Wonderland  will  be  a  feature  of  this 
magazine,  drawn  from  actual  knowledge,  checked  by  the  foremost  scien- 
tific work  of  the  day,  and  illustrated  lavishly  from  the  most  complete 
and  most  intimate  collection  of  photographs  ever  made  on  an  American 
frontier.  The  series  will  be  —  counting  together  its  letter-press  and 
illustration — the  most  complete  and  attractive  exposition  that  so  im- 
pressive an  area  has  ever  had  in  the  United  States. 

[  TO   BE  CONTINUED.] 

•Sec  my  Strangre  Comers  0/  Our  Country  (The  Century  Co.^  The  Land  of  Poco 
Tiempo  (Chas.  Scribner't  Sons). 


^:M7Er.-i 


oar 


214 


Lessons  from  the  Alhambra! 


BY     CHARLES   D.    TYNC. 


TUDY  of  many  lands  must  teach  the  intel- 
ligent traveler  that  the  specific  architecture 
adopted  by  a  people — however  strange  and 
purposeless  it  may  appear  to  him  at  first 
flush — is  always  based  on  and  best  adapted 
to  the  needs  of  climate,  custom,  taste  and 
ability.  In  most  lands  so  sun-kissed  as  our 
Southwest  we  find  prevalent  some  modifi- 
cation of  the  so-called  Moorish  architecture 
— which  is  rather  Arabic  than  Moorish 
Among  us,  also,  many  are  already  begin- 
ning to  realize  its  peculiar  fitness  for  this  semi-tropic  land  ;  and  every 
year  sees  a  large  increase  in  the  number  of  residences  whose  lines  are 
more  or  less  successfully  modeled  upon  this  style.      Perhaps  one  reason 


Maasard-Collier  Eng.  Co. 


THE  TORRE  DE  LA   VELA. 


why  the  results  have  not  always  been  happy  is  that  the  best  models  were 
not  chosen  ;  there  has  been  too  much  copying  of  poor  copies.  So  it 
seems  peculiarly  fitting  to  present  in  the  pages  of  this  Southwestern 
magazine  some  typical  aspects  of  that  greatest  original — that  master- 
piece and  model  of  the  characteristic  architecture  which  experts  agree 
is  most  adaptable  to  the  needs  of  the  Southwest — that  fountain-head 
from  which  have  flowed  all  the  noble  architectural  types  which  so  dis- 
tinguish Spanish- America — the  Alhambra.  f 

We  do  not  wholly  know  the  origin  of  this  splendid  net  result  of  adapt- 
ations from  India,  Persia  and  Byzantium,  which  crowns  the  hills  of  the 
ancient  city  of  Granada,  Spain.     It  was  begun  (probably  in  1248  A.  D.) 

'Illustrated  from  photos,  by  Senan  y  Gonzales,  Granada,  Spain. 

tThe  name  is  a  corruption  of  the  Arabic  Kal'  al  hamrah,    '  The  Red  Castle." 


L.  A.  Cnv.  Oo. 


PATIO  OF  THE  LIONS. 


2l6 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


by  Ibn  al-Ahmar,  and  was  finished  in  1314  by  Mohammed  III. 
It  was  built  (as  excavation  shows)  upon  still  older  Roman  ruins  ;  and 
these  covered  still  earlier  ones,  probably  of  Phoenician  origin.  The 
Torres  Vermejos  (vermilion  towers)  are  clearly  not  Saracenic  ;  and  to 
this  day  archaeologists  are  divided  as  to  their  source. 

The  Alhambra  was  not  a  mere  "  palace  of  the  kings  of  Granada,"  as 
is  popularly  imagined,  but  almost  a  city  in  itself—  a  wonderful  fortified 
town  more  than  a  mile  long,  with  inner  and  outer  walls,  the  former  con- 
necting no  less  than  37  towers,  many  of  which  are  themselves  palaces, 
with  th^tir patios  (court  yards),  gardens,  fountains  and  sumptuous  halls. 


Mausard-Collier  Eng.  Co. 


BALCONIES  ON   THE  OUTER   WALL. 


The  Torre  de  la  Cautiva*,  for  instance,  shown  on  page  220,  is  said  to  have 
been  the  prison  of  Isabel  de  Solis,  a  noble  christian  captive.  It  was  she 
(  afterwards  known  as  Zoraya  )  who  supplanted  the  mother  of  Abu-abd- 
Allah  and  married  his  father.  To  what  the  engraving  shows,  you  must 
add  the  beauty  of  the  dado  of  vitrified  tiles,  the  arabesque  ornamenta- 
tion of  the  walls,  the  decoration  of  the  windows — and  the  most  vivid 
color-scheme  that  you  can  imagine. 

The  Torre  de  la  Vela  (Tower  of  the  Candle)— from  which  one  can 
almost  see   the  bridge  of  pines  where  the  disheartened  Columbus  was 

'Tower  of  the  Captire. 


LESSONS    FROM    THE   ALHAMBRA. 


217 


overtaken  by  Isabella's  messenger  and  brought  back  to  the  aid  which 
enabled  him  to  find  a  New  World — is  a  noble  feature  of  the  Alhambra. 
Here,  January  2,  1492,  the  christian  flag  was  first  unfurled  over  the  con- 
quered citadel  of  the  Moslem  ;  a  huge  cross  covered  with  plates  of  silver 
was  erected,  and  mass  was  said,  in  sight  of  the  victorious  Spanish  host 
encamped  in  the  valley. 

Another  engraving  (page  216)  shows  an  exquisite  reach  of  balconies 
on  the  outer  wall,  leading  to  the  tower  of  El  Mirab,  where  the  sacred 
books  of  the  Moors  were  kept,  and  where  their  custodian  lived  in  con- 
stant vocal  prayer. 

The  Moors  (more  strictly  the  Berbers,  from  western  Morocco)  were 
never  fully  dominated  by  the  Arabs.     They  were  nomads,  had  no  style 


I.  K.  Kof .  Co. 


THE  SALA    DEL  KEPOSO, 


2l8 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


of  architecture,  and  were  then,  as  they  are  now,  tent-dwellers.  Arabs 
and  Berbers,  coming  through  Morocco  to  the  conquest  of  Spain,  were  all 
alike  called  Moros  by  the  Spanish  ;  and  everything  connected  with  them 
is  still  known  as  Moorish. 

That  these  "Infidels  "  who  conquered  and  held  Spain  for  more  than 
700  years  were  a  wonderful  people  is  proved  by  the  traces  they  left. 
Aside  from  their  military  prestige,  they  were  fosterers  of  learning.  The 
universities  founded  by  them  were  thronged  with  students  from  all  parts 


MausardCollier  Eng.  Co. 


DETAIL  FROM  THE  HALL  OF  JUSTICE. 


of  Europe.  They  encouraged  industries  and  commerce.  That  they 
were  adept  in  engineering  as  in  agriculture,  their  marvelous  irrigation 
systems  testify.  In  architecture  they  equaled,  if  they  did  not  excel,  the 
world  of  that  day  ;  for  though  the  monuments  they  left  in  Spain  have 
points  of  resemblance  to  the  Byzantine,  and  still  more  to  the  Persian, 
yet  their  architecture  as  a  whole  was  so  individual  and  characteristic 


LESSONS    FROM    THE  ALHAMBRA. 


219 


that  it  ranks,  even  now,  as  one  of  the  great,  distinct  types.  More  than 
their  prowess  in  war,  their  love  of  learning,  their  promotion  of  manu- 
factures, it  is  their  architecture  which  will  be  longest  remembered.  It 
so  impressed  itself  even  upon  their  christian  conquerors  that  to  this  day 
the  residences  and  public  buildings  of  Spain  and  of  the  Spanish  colonies 
carry  its  chief  characteristics  ;  modified  by  Iberian  thought  and  by  the 
exigencies  of  varying  lands,  but  always  unmistakable. 

This  Moorish  or  Moresque  architecture  is  adapted  to  all  homes — from 
the  humblest  house  to  the  most  sumptuous  palace.  A  remarkable 
characteristic  is  the  way  in  which  it  assimilates  ornamentation  —  the 
only  limit  being  the  builder's  purse.  Of  this,  all  southern  Spain  is 
filled  with  wondrous  examples  ;  but  the  Alhambra  is  the  culmination  of 


I 


MauMrd-Collicr  Kng  (J 


UJ    THE   TORRE  DE  LA  CAUTIVA. 


220  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

it  all.  Yet  in  it  all  there  is  not  a  hint  of  our  vulgar  "ginger-bread 
work."  All  is  dignity  and  grace,  harmony  of  form  and  color,  suitable- 
ness to  climate  and  the  needs  of  the  occupant.  The  vigorous  geometric 
designs — whose  germs,  found  in  the  Punjab,  reappear  in  the  temples  of 
Persia,  the  minarets  of  Egypt,  in  Algiers,  Tunis,  Morocco — are  developed 
to  perfect  symmetry  in  the  Alhambra,  where  endless  patterns  mingle 
and  unravel  again  like  a  field  of  stars,  unfolding  the  more  the  more  one 
gazes. 

In  the  Alhambra  we  find  arches  almost  Roman  or  Norman  ;  others 
nearly  Gothic  ;  others  of  the  horseshoe  type  which  seems  to  have 
originated,  crudely,  in  Byzantium,  been  copied  in  Venice,  and  afterward 
revived  iu  Tunis,  Cairo,  Fez  and  Spain.  Sometimes  all  three  are  com- 
bined ;  all  adorned  to  the  last  degree — as  witness  the  detail  from  the 
Hall  of  Justice  (p.  218).  This  ornamentation  of  pierced-work,  with  its 
appearance  of  lace,  is  marvelously  beautiful.  Like  other  decorations  of 
the  Alhambra,  it  is  of  a  stucco  whose  secret  seems  to  be  a  lost  art.  We 
make  none  nowadays  that  will  withstand  the  storms  and  vandalism  of 
seven  centuries. 

The  Arab  expended  comparatively  little  thought  on  the  exterior  of  his 
dwelling,  since  he  thought  of  it  as  something  to  live  in  rather  than  to 
show  off.  Frequently  the  outside  was  almost  blank  wall ;  the  lower 
story  pierced  only  by  the  huge  entrance  ;  the  upper  only  by  latticed 
windows.  Protection  and  privacy  were  his  aim  ;  since  we  need  not  con- 
sider these  things,  our  architects  have  more  latitude. 

In  ornamentation  the  Alhambra  is  a  mine  of  endless  inspiration.  The 
abundance  of  decoration  is  marvelous.  Note  the  capitals  in  the  Sala 
del  Reposo  ;  the  walls  in  several  of  the  illustrations.  Note  the  mosaic 
dado  of  glazed  tiles  of  innumerable  designs,  the  countless  patterns  in 
the  panels,  the  frieze,  the  arabesques  around  the  doorways — the  Arabic 
letters  lending  themselves  so  exquisitely  to  decoration  that  they  have 
given  a  name  to  the  style  known  as  "arabesque." 

A  beautifully  characteristic  bit  of  the  Alhambra  is  the  Sala  del  Reposo 
(Hall  of  Rest),  p.  217,  part  of  a  palace  bathroom.  Here,  after  the  bath, 
the  bather  rested  on  soft  cushions  in  the  alcoved  seats,  breathing  the 
perfumed  air,  sipping  sherbets,  listening  to  musicians  in  the  hanging 
galleries,  feasting  the  eye  upon  architecture  perfect  in  form  and  gorgeous 
in  color. 

Rome  at  its  zenith  was  not  more  luxurious.  Yet  these  "  Moors  "  did 
not  become  effeminate — or  they  could  not  have  held  Spain  for  nearly  800 
years  against  a  race  nurtured  in  war,  victorious  over  the  Goths  and  Van- 
dals, hating  the  invaders  not  only  for  aliens  and  conquerors  but  for  in- 
fidels. That  the  "  Moors  "  were  not  enervated  is  proved,  again,  by  their 
universities,  their  advancement  in  science  and  commerce — aye,  and  by 
their  wonderful  resistance  in  the  siege  of  Granada  until,  overcome  by 
the  superior  numbers  and  equipment  of  the  armies  of  Ferdinand  and 
Isabella,  they  stubbornly  withdrew  from  Spain. 

Parts  of  the  Southwest  —  particularly  Southern  California  —  have  a 
climate  very  like  that  of  the  Mediterranean  shores  of  Spain  ;  and  our 
landscapes,  in  mountains,  canons,  valleys  and  plains,  as  well  as  our  skies 
during  most  of  the  year,  strongly  recall  those  of  the  Iberian  peninsula. 
The  architecture  which  so  eminently  fulfilled  the  climatic  conditions  of 
Spain  is  also  the  best  adapted  to  ours  ;  while  as  to  its  beauty  and  educa- 
tional value  it  is  worthy  of  the  most  discriminating  community  on 
earth.  Our  mountains  are  a  background  so  appropriate  that  this  archi- 
tecture seems  predestined  for  them.  The  massive  walls  give  strength 
and  dignity,  as  for  a  worthy  home  of  home-loving  people,  not  a  cheap, 
ephemeral  frame  lodging  place.  Impervious  to  the  heats  of  summer  or 
the  chill  of  our  "  winter,"  they  furnish  also  embrasures  for  lovable  seats 
and  balconied  windows.  The  arches  are  the  most  perfect  framing  for 
our  semi-tropic  vistas;    the   red  tile   roofs,    precious  splashes  of  color 


LESSONS    FROM    THE   ALHAMBRA 


II 


Mau-;.rd.(olli 


Eng    C. 


THE  PATIO   DE   LA    MEZQUITA. 


amon^  our  crowding  evergreens.  Most  valuable  of  all  is  the  paiio  or 
court  yard,  upon  whose  broad  corridors  every  living-room  should  open. 
There  may  be  two  or  more  patios,  one  behind  the  other  ;  and  one  may 
be  glazed  against  unpleasant  weather.  Here,  also,  is  the  house  garden, 
with  its  flowers  and  fountains.  Of  the  many  patios  in  the  Alhambra, 
two  are  shown  here — that  of  La  Mezquita  (the  Mosque)  and  the  famous 
Court  of  the  Lions. 

Fame  and  fortune  await  the  architect  who  shall  best  adapt  this  style 
to  our  local  and  modern  exigencies.  Looking  soberly  at  this  noble 
monument  of  an  architecture  wrought  out  with  infinite  patience  and 
conscience  and  artistic  feeling  by  pagans  of  six  centuries  ago,  this  im- 
mortal ornament  of  a  land  we  have  been  taught  to  despise ;  and  then 
looking  around  us  clearly  to  just  what  we  heirs  of  the  Nineteenth  cen- 
tury's end  are  building— it  ought  to  give  us  that  discontent  which  is  the 
beginning  of  better  achievement. 


O  oj 
«0   O 

5  t^ 


223 


'  The  Hopkins  Seaside  Laboratory. 


BY    ERNEST   B.    HOAG. 

LL  biologists  are  familiar  with  the  seaside 
laboratories  which  have  been  established 
at  several  places  in  this  country  within 
recent  years.  To  the  general  public,  how- 
ever, they  are  hardly  known,  and  much 
less  is  known  of  their  purpose  and  import- 
ance. 

To  Louis  Agassiz  we  are  indebted  for 
the  first  of  our  seaside  laboratories,  estab- 
lished more  than  twenty  years  ago  on  the 
island  of  Penekise  in  Buzzard's  bay.  Here 

many  of  our  best  known  biologists  of  today  were  students  under  Prof. 

Agassiz.     Modern  biological  methods  in  the  United  States  may  almost 


Union  Eng.  Co.  jf^^  HOPKINS  SEASIDE  LABORATORY. 

be  said  to  have  originated  with  Agassiz  at  Penekise.  It  was  there  that 
President  Jordan  of  Stanford  University  first  became  interested  in  the 
study  of  fish  ;  and  his  high  standard  today  in  the  science  of  ichthyology 
may  be  traced  back  to  these  influences.  Since  the  establishment  of  this 
school  which,  though  eminently  successful,  was  doomed  to  short  life, 
many  others  have  sprung  up.     The  best  known  of  these  is  the  one  at 


Co. 


THE  OLD  CUSTOM  HOUSE,  MONTEREY. 


224 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


CHINESE  FISHING   VILLAGE,   MONTEREY. 


Wood's  Holl,  Mas..,  with  Prof.  Whitman  of  Chicago  University  as  its 
director.  To  this  laboratory  students  and  investigators  go  every  sum- 
mer, among  whom  are  the  leaders  in  biological  science  in  this  country 
today.  It  is  the  ambition  of  the  young  student  in  biology  to  spend  his 
summer  here  where  he  may  become  acquainted  with  marine  forms,  which 
furnish  a  large  part  of  the  working  material  in  biology.  With  the  in- 
vestigator, a  summer  at  the  sea  shore  is  a  necessity  if  he  wants  to  keep 
pace  with  the  advancement  of  the  day.  There  are  other  well  known 
seaside  laboratories,  among  which  may  be  mentioned  the  Johns  Hopkins 
and  the  Cold  Springs  Harbor  on  the  Atlantic  coast  and  the  Hopkins  at 
Pacific  Grove,  Cal.  This  last  is  already  one  of  the  most  promising, 
although  the  youngest,  of  the  seaside  laboratories.     Almost  as  soon  as 


Union  Eng.  Co 


ONE  OF  THE  OLD  COASTGUARD. 


THE    HOPKINS    SEASIDE    LABORATORY. 


225 


the  Stanford  university  opened  to  students,  the  professors  at  the  heads  of 
the  biological  departments  began  to  consider  the  plan  of  establishing 
on  the  Pacific  coast  a  seaside  laboratory.  The  active  work  was  under- 
taken by  Professors  Jenkins  and  Gilbert.  Mr.  Timothy  Hopkins  has 
been  the  first  and  chief  benefactor  ;  and  from  him  the  laboratory  takes 
its  name. 

The  old  Spanish  town  of  Monterey,  once  the  capital  and  principal 
port  of  California,  is  only  two  miles  away,  with  its  picturesque  old 
adobe  buildings.  There  is  a  fishing  station  on  Monterey  Bay,  and  the 
Italian  and  Chinese  fishermen  often  bring  in  rare  and  curious  forms  and 
furnish  much  excellent  material  which  would  otherwise  be  scarcely  ac- 
cessible. The  bay,  in  the  words  of  Dr.  Jenkins,  "  has  proved  to  be  a  per- 
fect paradise  for  the  marine  biologist. "  The  forms  of  life  found  here, 
such  as  holothurians,  jelly-fish,  sea  anemones,  limpets,  etc.,  greatly 
astonish  those  who  are  familiar  only  with  Atlantic  forms.  Whales, 
grampus  and  seals  are  often  seen  sporting  in  the  bay.     No  more  delight- 


Union  Kng. 


A    BIT  OF  MONTEREY  COAST. 


ful  place  could  have  been  secured  for  a  marine  laboratory  than  the  one 
chosen  on  Monterey  Bay.  "What  do  you  do  in  the  laboratory  ?  "  is  often 
asked.  The  student  may  pursue  whatever  branch  of  marine  biology 
most  interests  him.  He  may  study  the  marine  alga;,  or  sea  weeds  which 
are  most  abundant  and  are  often  collected  and  mounted  simply  for 
their  beauty.  But  he  must  not  be  at  all  content  with  simply  learning 
names  and  carefully  pasting  the  plants  on  s(iuare  pieces  of  card  board. 
He  will  want  to  know  just  where  the  plants  grow,  how  they  are  repro- 
duced, and  what  their  minute  structure  is,  how  they  are  related  to  one 
another  and  to  plants  higher  and  lower  than  themselves.  One  will 
learn  how  to  collect  the  plants  and  will  make  many  trips  along  the  shore 
of  the  bay  at  low  tide  searching  for  them,  and  learning  incidentally 
many  things  alxjut  the  star-fish,  sea-urchins,  crabs,  jelly-fishes,  sponges, 
and  many  other  forms  of  tea  life.     Or  one  may  study  zoology  and,  col~ 


.Cj 


t^tr 


e\V: 


«26  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

lecting  these  various  animal  forms,  take  them  to  the  laboratory  and 
make  careful  dissections,  thus  learning  something  of  their  gross  and 
minute  anatomy,  their  relations  to  one  another,  their  embryology  and 
their  race  history.  One  will  learn  something  of  the  theory  of  evolution, 
will  see  how  one  form  has  advanced  and  another  degenerated.  A  com- 
mon barnacle  will  interest  one  more,  when  it  is  known  that  it  is  a  de- 
generate crustacean,  and  that  the  young  animal  as  first  hatched  was  for 
a  long  time  thought  to  be  an  adult  crustacean.  If  one  should  be  so  for- 
tunate as  to  discover  an  extremely  simple  sack-like  animal  adhering  to 
the  under  surface  of  a  crab,  it  will  add  much  to  its  interest  to  know  that 
this  ugly  creature,  almost  devoid  of  organs,  is  really  a  crab,  which 
through  an  ancestry  of  parasitism  has  now  become  a  degenerate  crab  or 
sacculina,  having  lost  most  of  its  organs  and  become  dependent  upon  its 
host  for  its  existence.  And  in  the  same  way  the  ascidians,  which  look 
like  plants  adhering  to  the  rocks,  will  be  greatly  more  interesting  when 
one  knows  that  they  are  in  fact  degenerate  vertebrates. 

These  are  a  few  examples  of  what  a  beginner  in  biology  may  do  at  the 
Hopkins  laboratory.  Other  students  are  prepared  for  more  advanced 
work.  Some  may  study  the  physiology  of  invertebrate  animals,  others 
the  nervous  system  of  fishes  from  the  lower  to  the  higher,  still  others 
the  development  of  various  animals,  such  as  chitons,  sharks,  jelly-fishes, 
hag-fishes,  etc.  There  are  many  who  are  prepared  to  do  original  investi- 
gation of  various  kinds,  and  they  are  furnished  private  rooms  and  find 
abundant  material  at  Pacific  Grove. 

There  is  plenty  of  opportunity  for  diversion  in  the  way  of  long  ex- 
cursions on  the  coast,  perhaps  to  Cypress  Point  or  to  Carmel  Bay, 
where  Junipero  Serra  founded  the  Mission  more  than  one  hundred  years 
ago.  There  is  dredging  from  the  laboratory  boats  for  forms  on  the  bot- 
tom, and  skimming  for  forms  on  the  surface,  and  there  are  many  other 
ways  of  uniting  real  work  with  pleasure. 

Prof.  Loomis,  the  well  known  ornithologist  of  the  San  Francisco 
Academy  of  Science,  has  made  a  very  complete  collection  of  sea-birds 
found  here. 

Prof.  Johnson  of  Illinois  State  University  made  a  fine  collection  of 
insects  here  in  1892,  this  region  offering  unusual  opportunities  for  the 
entomologist. 

In  short,  students  from  the  universities,  teachers  in  the  schools  and 
colleges,  investigators  or  others  having  a  real  interest  in  biology,  may 
spend  a  profitable  and  delightful  season  at  Pacific  Grove. 

All  who  have  been  students  here  feel  greatly  indebted  to  Mr.  Hopkins 
for  opportunities  for  study  which  can  be  secured  in  only  a  few  places  in 
the  United  States.  The  enthusiasm  of  the  lecturers  and  instructors  is 
contagious,  and  students  and  teachers  always  regret  when  the  summer 
season  closes.  The  successful  management  is  in  great  measure  due  to 
Dr.  O,  P.  Jenkins,  who  from  the  first  has  given  great  personal  attention 
to  the  needs  of  the  laboratory  in  general  and  to  each  student  who  has 
pursued  a  course  there. 

Throop  Polytechnic  Institute,   Pasadena. 


227 

Charlie  Graham. 

BY    EUGENE    M.     RHODES. 

From  the  cliff  that  frowns  beside 
Amargosa's  bitter  tide, 

Charlie  Graham's  signal  light 
O'er  the  desert  parched  and  brown 
Flamed  its  nightly  message  down, 

"  All  is  well  !  good  night !  good  night!" 

From  the  shadows  gaunt  and  gray 
Charlie  Graham,  where  he  lay 

Dying,  by  his  beacon  light. 
With  his  latest  strength  and  breath 
Flashed  across  the  Valley  of  Death — 

"  All  is  well  !  good  night !  good  night !" 

*  *  *  * 

Where  the  farther  slopes  are  dark 
One  is  watching  for  the  spark 

That  shall  kindle  on  the  height ; 
Shows  her  child  the  sudden  star 
Where  love's  message  gleams  afar — 

"  All  is  well !  good  night !  good  night !  " 

Low  she  croons  a  cradle  song, 
"  Sleep,  my  baby,  not  for  long 

Shall  the  mine  from  home  delay  him." 
Sleep,  poor  mother  !  dream  and  rest, 
With  your  babe  upon  your  breast  — 

All  is  well  with  Charlie  Grahatn! 


Engle,  N   M. 


Thk  Shadow  of  the  Great  Rock. 

BY    BERTHA    S      WILKINS. 

'Twas  when  Ukla  was  dead  and  his  brother  and 
friends  had  buried  him  in  the  desert  sands.  Every- 
thing that  belonged  to  him  was  buried  with  him. 
His  blankets  were  folded  around  him,  his  bow  and 
all  his  arrows  were  placed  at  his  right  side. 

When  Ukla  was  a  boy,  he  and  his  friend  Soom 
went  to  the  hunts  together,  and  they  were  called 
"  the  brothers."  Then  Soom  took  the  fresh  green 
leaves  and  bit  them  lightly  with  his  teeth,  and  the 
face  upon  the  leaf  as  he  opened  it  up  was  Ukla's  face,  he  said.  And  one 
day  he  said  : 

"  The  leaves  dry  and  do  not  keep  the  picture.  I  will  make  a  better 
one  that  will  last  always." 

So  he  drew  the  face  of  Ukla  upon  a  small  slab  with  the  sharp  point  of 
his  arrow  ;  and  when  the  people  saw  it  they  said: 
"It  is  Ukla!" 

Soom  carried  the  picture  with  him  when  he  went  away,  for  were  they 
not  brothers  ?  But  when  Ukla  died,  Soom  brought  the  slab  to  be  buried 
too.  For  would  not  the  picture  which  was  like  Ukla  keep  his  spirit 
down  here  on  the  earth  when  it  longed  to  go  ? 


228  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE 

Yet  all  that  was  Ukla's  could  not  be  buried  ;  for  Numa  was  his  wife 
and  Tulee  was  his  little  daughter. 

They  mourned  and  mourned  for  him,  and  at  last  Numa  said  to  the 
child:  "  We  will  go  across  the  desert  to  the  hills  where  is  my  father,  and 
we  will  live  with  him. ' ' 

Then  Numa  took  the  food  they  would  need,  and  Tulee  took  food,  too. 
The  mother  placed  the  stone  jar  full  of  water  upon  her  head,  and  they 
started  for  Numa's  home,  far  away. 

They  started  in  the  early  morning  before  the  sun  was  up.  The  moon 
had  risen  late  and  the  desert  was  a  great  whiteness  before  them.  .They 
walked  on  and  on  and  on.  Numa  walked  before  and  the  child  followed; 
their  shadows  fell  black  upon  the  sands. 

Then  the  sun  arose,  whom  they  dreaded  ;  and  they  walked  on  and  on. 
When  the  sun  burned,  little  Tulee  cried  to  her  mother: 

''Water!  I  am  thirsty  !  " 

But  the  mother  did  not  turn. 

"  Wait  until  we  reach  the  great  rock  ;  then  I  can  set  the  water  off 
without  spilling  it.     If  I  lift  it  to  the  sand  I  might  spill  it." 

But  that  was  not  the  reason.  It  was  because  one  must  not  begin 
drinking  early  in  the  desert. 

They  walked  on.  Only  their  footsteps  on  the  sand  and  the  rustle  of 
lizards  on  the  rocks  could  be  heard. 

"  Mother,  I  am  thirsty  !  "  moaned  the  child.     And  the  mother  said: 

"It  is  now  not  far,  little  one.  We  will  stop  at  the  great  rock  and 
rest." 

And  they  walked  on.  The  sun  blazed  down  upon  them  and  the  heat 
seemed  to  make  a  hum  in  the  air.  The  sky  was  white  with  heat  and 
the  yellow  sand  threw  it  all  back  to  the  sun  ;  and  yet  they  walked  on. 

Now  the  great  rock  was  in  sight  with  its  cool  black  shadow.  Numa 
heard  a  groan  behind  her  and  hurried  to  set  the  jar  upon  the  flat  sur- 
face. Then  she  ran  back  to  her  child,  for  the  little  one  was  lying  in  the 
sand. 

She  carried  the  child  to  the  cool  shade,  groaning  ;  for  the  eyes  were 
dull  and  between  the  teeth  was  the  swollen  tongue  of  one  who  dies  of 
thirst. 

She  dropped  water  between  the  white  teeth  again  and  again.  She 
bathed  the  little  face ;  she  moaned  lullaby  names.  But  the  child  did  not 
move. 

Then  Numa's  passion  broke  forth.  She  poured  the  water  upon  the 
black  hair  and  the  little  brown  body.  Not  a  drop  did  she  taste,  though 
her  tongue  was  thick  and  hard. 

And  at  last  she  buried  the  child  deep  under  the  sands.  And  she 
raised  the  water  jar  high  above  her  head  and  threw  it  hard  against  the 
rock  and  broke  it  ;  then  she  laid  it  on  the  little  mound.  For  so  do 
Indians  when  the  life  is  spilled. 

It  was  night  when  Numa's  old  father  heard  a  sound  at  the  door  of  his 
house  ;  and  when  he  opened,  his  daughter  lay  there.  He  could  not  say 
anything  ;  but  he  gave  her  water,  fresh  and  cool  from  the  spring,  and 
wet  her  hair  and  face. 

After  a  long  time  her  tongue  could  move,  and  she  told  him.  She  did 
not  weep  ;  but  her  face  was  dark  ;  it  had  the  shadow  of  the  rock 
upon  it. 

Numa  lived  with  her  father  always.  She  did  not  take  another  hus- 
band nor  long  for  other  children.  She  died,  long,  long  ago,  and  went 
to  Ukla  and  Tulee.  And  out  on  the  desert  is  the  great  rock,  and  in  its 
shadow  a  broken  water  jar  marks  a  child's  grave. 

Banning,  Cal. 


229 

Our  Foothill  Neighbors. 


BY    MARY    E.     WRIGHT. 


ONCEALED  in  a  lovely  canon  at  the  foot  of  the 
California  Coast  Range,  surrounded  by  everlasting 
hills,  over-topped  by  snow-capped  sentinel  peaks; 
where  our  ears  were  charmed  by  rippling  waters  and 
the  voice  of  the  majel  calling  so  mournful-sweet  to 
its  mate  in  the  chaparral  ;  where  we  were  lulled  to 
rest  by  the  howl  of  the  coyote,  or  startled  at  mid- 
night by  the  cry  of  some  belated  heron  ;  where  our  eyes  feasted  upon 
ever-changing  views  —  there,  far  from  towns,  nestles  a  little  cabin,  our 
first  home  in  the  sunset  land.  For  it  we  now  hold  a  deed  from  our 
beneficent  "Uncle  Sam,"  who  lost  his  wager  that  we  could  not  live  there 
five  years  without  starving.  Yet  more  than  this  title  to  our  home,  we 
value  the  experience  of  those  years. 

Although  if  we  would  gratify  the  occasional  human  desire  to  see  a 
chimney  we  had  to  step  out  and  look  up  at  our  own,  yet  we  were  seldom 
lonely  ;  for  monotony  forms  no  part  of  foothill  life.  Here  if  anywhere 
it  is  the  unexpected  that  happens.  Our  neighbors,  the  native  animals, 
were  untiring  in  their  efforts  to  form  our  acquaintance  ;  and  the  results 
were  sometimes  amusing,  but  more  often  disastrous  From  the  moun- 
tain lion  that  crept  down  by  night  from  his  cave  in  the  rocks  and  drank 
the  life-blood  of  a  valuable  colt,  to  the  trade  rat  that  ran  off  with  my 
hairpins  and  mush  stick,  they  were  all  thieves.  To  the  puma  justice 
was  meted  out  by  a  dose  of  poison  placed  in  the  carcass  of  his  victim  ; 
the  morning  sun  saw  his  royalty  stretched  upon  the  spot  —  a  beautiful 
creature,  whose  huge  paws  and  eight  feet  of  length  betokened  his  power. 
Owing  to  the  thievish  propensity  of  our  "neighbors"  our  efforts  at 
ranching  were  not  entirely  successful.  The  mountain  quail  made  no 
secret  of  his  intention  to  despoil  our  corn  field  ;  for  while  we  dropped 
the  grains,  he  would  continually  call  out  from  the  neighboring  sage  — 
"  you/ool,  you!"  (accenting  the  fool) — instead  of  civilly  whistling  "  Boh 
White  * '  as  does  his  Eastern  brother. 

The  attentions  of  the  coyote  were  perhaps  the  most  annoying  because 
most  persistent.  He  was  never  discouraged  even  if  fifty  visits  and  an 
equal  number  of  serenades  were  necessary  to  procure  one  chicken. 
Why  the  Indians  in  their  folk-lore  should  make  him  such  a  dullard,  and 
the  butt  of  all  practical  jokes,  I  do  not  understand.  Perhaps  they  never 
stood  shivering  at  dead  of  night  encouraging  the  dogs  in  their  chase 
after  a  coyote  whose  yelps  at  the  north  of  the  house  had  disturbed  their 
slumber — while  morning  disclosed  the  fact  that  his  mate  had  simulta- 
neously visited  the  hen  roost  on  the  south.  He  seldom  received  retribu- 
tion at  our  hands,  for  contrary  to  general  opinion  we  deem  him  to  some 
extent  a  benefactor,  in  that  he  subsists  principally  upon  rabbits,  whose 
depredations  ( together  with  those  of  the  deer  )  upon  our  young  orchard, 
vineyard  and  growing  garden,  were  all  but  fatal.  This  however  was  not 
the  catastrophe  it  might  at  first  appear,  as  it  led  to  the  discovery  that 


*30  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE 

condensed  fruit  and  vegetables  in  the  form  of  juicy  venison  and  rabbit 
meat  were  very  palatable  and  a  great  aid  in  winning  the  wager  with  our 
illustrious  Uncle. 

The  invasion  of  the  rattlesnake  we  looked  upon  more  seriously,  but 
this  nuisance  was  soon  abated,  for  our  herd  of  forty  beautiful  Angora 
goats  which  roamed  the  hills  feeding  upon  sage  brush  and  wild  buck- 
wheat, and  furnishing  us  with  meat  and  milk,  soon  drove  the  reptiles 
farther  back;  not,  however,  before  we  had  secured  a  large  collection  of 
rattles.  The  owner  of  the  first  of  these  relics  I  found  basking  in  the 
potato  patch,  and  I.  immediately  began  a  fusilade  with  stones.  Perhaps 
I  am  about  as  proficient  as  the  average  of  my  sex  in  that  manner  of  war- 
fare, but  being  endowed  with  the  gift  ot  continuance,  I  finally  lodged  a 
stone  on  the  snake's  body  and  then  proceeded  to  build  a  rockery  over 
him,  pausing  only  when  my  material  at  hand  was  exhausted.  I  felt 
indignant  that  in  searching  for  my  victim,  my  husband  preferred  to  use 
a  hoe  instead  of  his  hands.  Did  he  think  it  was  alive  ?  Alas  for  pride  ! 
The  removal  of  the  last  rocks  revealed  the  reptile  coiled  for  battle  ;  and 
the  victory  I  had  thought  mine  was  reserved  for  another. 

I  must  not  forget  the  horned  toad  that  hopped  about  my  garden  snap- 
ping flies  and  bugs.  I  could  not  divest  my  mind  of  the  impression  that 
it  was  his  satanic  majesty's  earthly  representative,  and  that  the  lizards 
of  every  variety  were  his  angels.  Our  little  ones  considered  the  request 
that  they  remain  in  the  range  of  our  vision  needless  restraint,  and  wan- 
dered one  morning  around  the  point  of  the  hill,  from  which  direction  I 
soon  heard  the  loud  barking  of  two  dogs  that  were  their  constant  com- 
panions. Hastening  to  the  spot  I  was  informed  that  "a  large  jack  rab- 
bit "  was  the  cause  of  the  disturbance.  I  was  retracing  my  steps  when 
a  rustling  in  the  branches  of  a  mountain  cherry  tree  caused  me  to  look 
up,  when,  horrors!  gazing  down  into  mine  were  the  fiery  eyes  of  a  — 
what?  I  had  never  seen  a  wild  cat,  but  immediately  surmised  this  to  be 
one,  and  leaving  the  dogs  in  charge  hastened  after  a  gun,  which  fortu- 
nately was  double  barreled.  Something  akin  to  stage  fright  made  my 
•^first  shot  go  astray.  I  had  failed  to  place  the  weapon  against  my  shoul- 
der, which  neglect  caused  my  front  teeth  to  ache  for  several  days.  But 
the  next  barrel  brought  the  creature  to  the  ground.  I  now  have  its  skin 
mounted  as  a  rug,  and  as  I  look  into  the  glassy  eyes  I  live  my  thrilling 
experience  over  again.  Some  think  to  rob  me  of  my  glory  by  calling  it 
a  silver  gray  fox,  and  truth  compels  me  to  acknowledge  that  among  the 
many  wild  cats  I  have  since  beheld,  none  have  been  so  beautiful  as  this, 
whose  tail,  its  crowning  glory,  is  twenty  inches  long. 

Gathering  wild  flowers  was  a  pastime  of  which  we  never  tired.  Much 
has  been  told  of  these  beauties  of  which  nature  weaves  her  carpet  in 
this  Golden  State,  but  never  have  I  seen  them  in  such  variety  and  pro- 
fusion, such  glorious  array  of  color,  as  in  this  mountain  retreat.  It  was 
while  thus  employed  I  came  upon  a  real  wild  cat  crouching  in  a  gully 
not  six  feet  away.  Wise  ones  tell  us  wild  cats  are  timid  and  will  not 
attack  human  beings  ;  but  this  one's  demeanor  was  not  that  of  a  coward. 
He  deliberately  arose  and  after  a  survey  of  the  disturber  of  his  peace 


THE   GOLDEN    POPPY.  231 

slowly  walked  away  with  that  stealthy  tread  common  to  his  species, 
after  stopping  and  turning  about  to  see  what  I  meant  to  do  about  it.  He 
may  have  been  timid;  but  I  am  entirely  content  that  I  did  not  try  to 
stop  him.  ^ 

Observing  the  wild  bees  that  came  daily  to  our  watering-trough,  and 
noting  the  general  direction  of  their  flight,  we  were  able  to  locate  their 
cave  in  the  rocks,  from  which  we  succeeded,  after  much  tribulation,  in 
extracting  about  two  hundred  pounds  of  amber  sweetness.  We  also 
secured  the  queen  of  the  colony,  with  quite  a  retinue  of  her  followers. 
This  proved  the  nucleus  of  what  in  future  days  became  to  us  not  only  a 
pleasant  but  very  profitable  business. 

Once,  upon  entering  our  canon  after  a  day's  absence,  we  were  met  by 
a  stream  where  no  stream  had  been.  It  kept  deepening  as  we  proceeded, 
until  it  was  above  our  horses'  knees.  It  had  been  a  clear  day,  with  the 
exception  of  lowering  clouds  above  the  mountains.  To  us  who  were 
uninitiated  no  explanation  then  suggested  itself.  We  had  not  realized 
that  in  this  peaceful  abode  we  were  in  danger  of  being  swept  away  by 
cloud  bursts  in  the  hills  above  us.  Fortunately  this  one  had  been  sever- 
al miles  distant,  and  had  spent  its  force  before  reaching  us. 

We  are  not  incapable  of  enjoying  the  beauties  of  art  and  the  handi- 
work of  man;  yet  remembering  nature  in  her  most  picturesque  and  wild- 
est moods,  we  cannot  help  sighing  now  and  then,  as  did  the  "last  of  the 
Moors,"  for  the  life  which  has  gone  by. 

PasaJena,  Cal. 


The  Golden  Poppy. 

BY    MARY    E.    MANNIX. 

What  time  the  upland,  all  aglow 
With  every  meadow  flower  we  know. 
Invites  us  to  the  jeweled  hoard 
Long  in  its  arid  bosom  stored  ; 

What  time  the  vine's  frail  tendrils  cling 
To  the  bright  mantle  of  the  spring, 
And  emerald  ferns  in  cafions  deep 
Unwrap  their  dewy  folds  from  sleep  ; 

'Tis  then  she  comes — the  dearest  flower 
Of  all  that  billowy,  fragrant  bower  — 
Uplifting  from  the  arid  mold 
Her  dainty  cup  of  fluted  gold. 

Copa  de  orof     Let  who  may 
Rifle  her  gold,  /cannot !     Nay, 
She  seems  to  me  a  sacred  thing — 
The  perfect  child  and  crown  of  spring. 


232 


A  Rare  Morninc-Glory. 


BY   ETHELIND   LORD. 

^^OT'POMEA  Heavenly  Blue" 
I  (which  an  English  firm  re- 
•*  fused  to  catalogue  by  that 
name,  alleging  that  it  might 
shock  the  religious  sensibilities 
of  its  patrons)  is  believed  to  have 
originated  in  the  gardens  of  Mrs. 
Theodosia  B.  Shepherd,  at  Ven- 
tura, Cal,  Like  all  other  Ipomeas, 
it  is  merely  an  enlarged  "  Morn- 
ing Glory"  —  except  that  it  is 
perennial,  and  more  deserving  of 
the  name  than  even  the  lovely, 
.old-fashioned  flower  which 
brightened  so  many  mornings  of 
our  childhood.  The  color  is  in- 
deed "  heavenly,"  being  as  inde- 
scribably soft  and  enchantingly 
blue  as  California  skies. 

If  you  have  never  seen  an 
Ipomea  bud  open,  you  have  yet  a 
great  pleasure  in  store,  particu- 
larly if  you  are  so  fortunate  as  to 
have  one  of  the  "  Heavenly  Blue  " 
Mausard-CoiiierEng.co  to   watch.      The   method  is  the 

same  in  all,  but  in  no  other  is  the  color  so  satisfactory.  Each  spray 
bears  several  buds  ;  and  as  they  remain  fresh  for  several,  days  when  put 
in  water,  each  morning  brings  fresh  blossoms  and  renewed  delight. 

Not  long  ago  I  brought  a  bunch  of  the  involuted  buds  into  the  house 
and  put  them  in  a  glass  of  water.  In  the  morning  most  of  them  had 
opened,  but  a  few  were  still  closely  folded,  and  I  sat  down  to  watch  their 
wonderful  awakening. 

Slowly,  slowly,  almost  imperceptibly,  the  spirals  untwisted,  showing 
lines  of  tender  pink  in  the  shadows,  at  last  forming  a  five-pointed  star, 
still  tightly  closed,  with  no  hint  of  the  golden  heart,  or  the  perfect  round 
of  the  opened  flower. 

Still  more  slowly,  reluctantly,  it  seemed,  this  star  separated,  at  the 
center  first,  giving  a  glimpse  of  the  long,  beautiful  white  throat  and 
golden  stamens.  Then,  with  a  little  tremor,  a  thrill  as  of  gladness,  and 
a  proud  consciousness  of  its  peerless  beauty,  the  blossom  unfurled  its 
azure  globe,  and  seemed  to  breathe  "  It  is  good  to  live." 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


i 


233 


LANDMARKS 


OFFICERS: 
President,  Chas.  f.  Luminis. 
Vice-President,  Margaret  Collier  Graham. 
SecreUry,  Arthur  B   Benton,  114  N.  Spring  St. 
Treasurer,  Frank  K   Gibson,  Cashier  Isi  Nat.  Bank. 
Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs   M.  E.  Stilson. 

913  Kensington  Road,  Los  Angeles. 

ADVISORY  BOARD: 


INCORPORATED^^ 

TO   CONSERVE   THE    MISSIONS 
AND     OTHER     HISTORIC 
LANDMARKS     OF     SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 


DlBKCTORS  : 

Prank  A.  Gibson. 
Henry  W.  O'Melveny. 
Rev.  -1.  Adam. 
Sumner  P.  Hunt. 
Arthur  B   Benton. 
Margaret  Collier  Grahi 
Chas.  F.  Lummis. 


Col.   H.  O.  Otis 
W.  C.  Patterson 
Gpo.  H.  Bonebrake 
Don  Marcos  Forster 
Miss  M.   F.  Wills 
John  F.  Francis 
Rev.  Wm    J.  <;hichester 
Maj    H.  T.  Le« 


Jessie  B«nton  Fremont 
R    Ecan 

Adeline  Stearns  Wing 
Tessa  L    Kelso 
('has    Cassat  Davis 
C    D.  Willard 
Frank  J    Policy 
Elmer  Wachtel 
J.  T.  Bertrand,  Official  Photographer 

The  work  of  the  Landmarks  Club  is  finding  generous  and  cordial  response,  at 
home  and  abroad.  Subscriptions  of  a  dollar  and  upward  coniein  from  all  parts  of  the 
country.  At  the  time  this  page  goes  to  press  the  gross  contributions  aggregate  over 
$600,  the  great  majority  of  which  applies  directly  to  the  work.  Printing,  stationery, 
legal  and  other  services  necessary  to  the  Club's  work,  have  been  generously  given  ; 
and  have  of  course  been  credited  at  their  current  cash  prices.  The  only  cash  expenses 
of  the  Club  to  date  have  been  :  $14.50  for  filing  articles  of  incorporation,  $1  postage, 
$3.50  (half  price)  for  a  stereopticon  exhibition,  and  $i  for  the  rent  of  San  Juan  Capis- 
trano. 

The  cash  contributions  already  amount  to  over  $240  ;  and  lumbtr,  nails,  lie-rods, 
etc.,  precisely  equivalent  to  cash,  are  about  $230  more.  This  is  a  handsome  beginning, 
and  the  campaign  is  just  getting  warm. 

Since  the  last  issue,  in  which  the  penerous  initiative  of  the  Kerckhoff-Cuzner 
Lumber  Co.  in  donating  2000  feet  of  lumber  was  mentioned,  other  companies  have 
been  interviewed  by  the  committee  and  have  shown  the  same  handsome  liberality. 
The  Willamette  Lumber  Co.  gave  2000  feet,  making  4000  ;  and  the  L.  W.  Blinn  Lumber 
Co.  raised  It  to  6coo  ;  the  J.  M,  Griffith  Co.  added  2000;  and  the  Stimson  Mill  Co. 
rounded  out  the  full  10.000  feet  that  was  needed.  Each  of  these  donations  is  equivalent 
to  $40.    Other  generous  contributions  aie  enumerated  in  the  list  below. 

On  the  19th  of  March  a  full  carload  of  lumber  and  other  material  was  shipped  to 
the  Mission  San  Juan  Capistrano  ;  the  Southern  California  Railway  generously  giving 
the  Club  half  rates. 

The  Club  is  under  many  obligations  to  the  Friday  Morning  Club  for  courtesies. 
Feb.  25th  an  exhibition  of  75  magnificent  stereopticon  views  of  the  Missions  was  given 
in  the  F.  .M.  C.  hall :  and  March  6  Mr.  Sumner  P.  Hunt  delivered  an  admirable  lecture 
on  Mission  architecture  at  a  crowded  session  of  the  same  club. 

The  Pasadena  committee  gave  an  entertainment  for  the  benefit  of  the  Landmarks 
Club,  March  21.  after  this  magazine  had  gone  to  press.  The  ladies  have  worked  with 
much  enthusiasm,  and  handsome  results  were  expected. 

COWTRIBUTIONS  TO  THE  CAUSE  : 

Previously  acknowledged,  cash,  I159. 50  ;  services  and  material.  $106.25  ;  total,  $265.75. 

New  contributions :  Willamette  Lumber  Co.  (2000  feet  of  lumber)  $40;  L.  W.  Bltnn 
Lumber  Co.  12000  feet  of  lumber)  I40;  J.  M.  Griffith  Co.  uooo  feet  of  lumber)  $40 ; 
Stimson  Mill  Co.  (2000  feet  of  lumber*  $40. 

J.  D.  Hooker,  J20;  Baker  Iron  Works  liron  rods  and  turn-buckles  for  supporting 
walls)  $15;  California  Hardware  Co.  (nailsi  $12;  W.  H.  Burn  ham  (Orange,  Cal.)  $5; 
Mrs.  W.  H.  Burnham  (Orange,  Cal.)  $5  ;  Richard  Mercer.  $5. 

$1  each  :  Frances  A  Groff,  Robert  Steere,  T.  A.  Kisen,  Mrs.  Ella  H.  Enderlein, 
Frank  Van  Vleck,  Frank  Wiggins,  Mrs.  Frank  Wiggins.  Mrs.  C.  M.  Severance,  S.  B. 
Cannell  (with  Chas.  Scribners  Sons,  N.  Y.),  L.  A.  Groff,  Chas.  F.  Sloane,  Geo.  Rozet, 


234  LAND    OF    SUNSHJNt.. 

Ruth  A.  Bradford  (Riverside,  Cal  ),  Julia  Boynton  Green,  Isabel  H.  Wheeler  (El  Paso, 
Tex.J  Dr.  Dorothea  Moore  fHuU  House,  Chicago),  Chas  Ducommun,  jr.,  John  S.  Noble, 
Mrs.  John  S.  Noble  (both,  Dunsmuir  Cal.)  D.  M.  McGarry,  Theo  Summerland,  Wm. 
D.  Windom  (Washington,  D.  C  ).  Wm.  Martin  Aiken  (Supervising  Architect,  Treasury 
Dept..  Washingfton),  Edward  A.  Bowen  (Brooklyn,  N.  Y.i.  H  S.  Chandler  (Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.).  Homer  P.  Earle.  L.  S.  Moore,  R.  W.  Poindexter  ;  Mrs.  Ella  P.  Hubbard  ^Azusa), 
Mrs.  Lucy  N.  Wright,  J.  G.  Mossin,  Mrs.  Geo  Russell,  Dr.  Wm.  Le  Moyne  Wills,  Jane 
P.Kendnck  (Saco,  Me.),  Humphrey  B  Kendrick,  Edward  A.  Schafifer,  Wm.  D.  Bab- 
cock.  Mrs.  H.  J.  English,  Miss  M.  F.  Wills,  Hurbtrt  Isaac  (Orange,  Cal.) 

Through  the  Pasadena  Committee.  $i  each  :  Grace  G.  Wotkyns,  Mrs.  B.  M.  Wot- 
kyns,  Mrs  Belle  M.  Jewett,  Mrs.  John  Mitchell  (Providence,  R.I.),  Mrs.  R.  B.  Kellogg 
(Lock  Haven,  N.  Y.\  Miss  A.  L.  Faulkner  (Santa  Barbara),  Miss  A.  R.  Faulkner  (Santa 
Barbara).  Mrs.  C.  G.  Emery  (New  York),  Francena  Emery  (New  York),  F.  A.  F^oster 
(New  York). 

Material  and  services  :  Kingslev  Barnes  &  Neuner  Co.,  printers.  $7.50  (making 
their  total  contribution  $17,501  ;  W.R.Burke,  attorney,  $10;  Union  Photoengraving 
Co.,  $5;  StoU  &  Thayer,  booksellers  and  stationers,  $1.75;  W.  H.  Wilson,  stereopticon 
expert,  I4.  ^ 

'  La  Fiesta  of  1896. 

ARLY  in  the  springtime  of  the  year,  when  the  roses  and  lilies 
bloom  in  profusion,  and  the  hills  and  mesas  are  streaked  with  the 
yellow  of  the  poppy,  the  thoughts  of  the  people  of  Los  Angeles 
and  of  Southern  California  generally  turn  to  the  celebration  of  La  Fiesta. 
It  comes  at  a  time  when  the  harvest  of  oranges  is  about  completed  and 
before  the  summer  crop  of  cereals  and  deciduous  fruit  is  ready  to  be 
gathered  ;  when  bounteous  rains  have  given  promise  of  full  growth  and 
bearing  ;  when  the  light  chill  of  winter  has  passed  and  the  long,  spring- 
like summer  is  about  to  begin.  It  is  of  all  the  year  the  most  proper  sea- 
son for  general  rejoicing.  The  Italian  and  the  Spaniard  sing  their 
farandole  in  September ;  the  merry  Englishman  celebrates  his  harvest 
home  in  October  ;  the  New  Englander  holds  his  thanksgiving  in  Novem- 
ber ;  but  the  Califomian,  for  whom  the  beneficent  year  is  a  succession  of 
harvests,  selects  the  springtime,  when  nature  is  fairly  at  her  best,  for- 
mally to  rejoice  at  his  good  fortune. 

The  Caucasian  race  has  held  fiestas  in  Southern  California  for  over  a 
hundred  years,  and  before  that  time  it  is  safe  to  assume  that  they  were 
held  in  some  shape  by  the  Indians,  who  could  scarcely  have  failed  to 
appreciate  the  highly  favorable  conditions  in  which  their  lot  was  cast. 

The  institution,  as  it  at  present  exists,  is  not  a  parvenu,  for  it  is  older 
than  the  tallest  palms  beneath  which  it  is  enacted.  Neither  is  it  an  exotic 
afifair  like  the  celebrations  held  at  many  of  the  towns  of  the  middle  West 
which  are  little  more  than  efforts  to  imitate  the  famous  European  cele- 
brations or  the  Mardi  Gras  festival  at  New  Orleans.  La  Fiesta  is  as  much 
at  home  in  Southern  California  and  as  well  adapted  to  its  surroundings 
as  the  chaparral  on  the  hillside  or  the  brodaea  in  the  meadow.  If  by 
any  chance  it  should  be  allowed'  to  die  out  for  a  year  or  two,  it  would 
soon  again  be  renewed,  for  the  people  would  demand  it. 

The  fe.stival  of  1896  promises  to  follow  the  example  set  by  its  prede- 
cessors in  excelling  all  the  events  of  similar  character  that  have  gone 
before. 

It  lasts  for  five  days  —  from  April  21st  to  25th.  The  21st  is  given 
up  to  preliminary  exercises.  On  the  22d  come  the  main  day  procession 
and  the  concert.  On  the  23d  there  is  an  athletic  entertainment,  and  at 
night  the  brilliant  illuminated  parade,  "  The  Lands  of  the  Sun."  On 
the  24th  there  are  the  children's  celebration  and  the  ball.  The  festival 
closes  on  the  25th  with  the  famous  flower  parade,  which  this  year  prom- 
ises to  be  of  extraordinary  excellence,  and  the  carnival  of  maskers  at 
night. 

Such  in  brief  is  the  program  of  events  prepared  for  the  enjoyment  of 
the  many  thousand  visitors  who  will  assemble  in  Los  Angeles  from  South- 
ern California  and  the  Eastern  States.  With  its  next  number  the  Land 
OF-  Sunshine  will  present  its  readers  with  a  more  extended  account  of 
these  famous  festivities,  together  with  many  interesting  illustrations. 


^35 


If  our  Uncle  Sam  has  ever  heard  the  long-time  frontier 
proverb — "what  things  you  do  see  to  shoot  when  you  haven't 
a  gun  " — it  must  run  in  his  head  a  good  deal  just  now.  For 
this  long-boned,  rawboned,  lion-jawed  specimen  —  nobler,  even  in  the 
caricatures  whereby  we  know  his  face,  than  are  any  of  the  smug  politi- 
cians who  nowadays  take  his  name  in  vain — finds  his  present  trail  infested 
with  all  sorts  of  freaky  game,  and  not  even  a  blunderbuss  in  reach. 

There  seems  to  be  nothing  immediate  to  be  done  by  him  (and  such 
other  Americans  as  do  not  think  with  their  feet)  except  to  note  with 
pride  how  many  more  kinds  of  a  fool  an  American  Congress  can  make  of 
itself  than  can  any  other  legislative  body  now  extant.  Also  to  remember. 
The  ballot  is  a  slow  medicine  ;  but  administered  patiently,  sternly  and 
long  enough,  it  is  competent  to  purge  even  Congress  to  sanity. 

The  Lion  has  had  his  say  about  the  indecent  flippancy  with  which  a 
certain  class  maltreats  the  President  of  the  United  States  ;  has  made  his 
plea  for  such  respect  to  our  chief  magistrate  as  self-respect  inculcates. 
One  might  theorize  that  the  legislative  arm  of  our  government  should 
be  as  due  to  be  honored  as  the  executive  ;  but  there  are  very  clear  reasons 
why  it  is  not  and  cannot  be.  In  the  first  place,  the  President  is  elected 
to  be  President  of  the  United  States.  Again,  there  is  focussed  upon  him 
a  responsibility  so  direct,  so  inevitable,  so  tremendous  that  it  would 
sober  and  steady  a  man  far  weaker,  far  less  scrupulous  than  any  who  was 
ever  yet  President.  Surely  we  should  choose  only  the  best  ;  but  even  if 
the  cheapest  politician  who  has  been  named  for  the  office  had  reached  it, 
the  odds  are  a  hundred  to  one  that  he  would  not  have  disgraced  it. 
Within  arm's  reach  of  memory,  a  notorious  spoilsman  became,  in  the 
twinkling  of  the  accident  which  uplifted  him  from  the  vice-presidency, 
one  of  our  safest  presidents.  The  President  stands  in  the  same  fierce 
white  light  which  beats  upon  a  throne.  The  brunt  is  his.  He  cannot 
hide  behind  anyone.  And  so,  though  he  will  sometimes  blunder,  he 
will  never  be  an  evil-doer  nor  a  professional  ass. 

But  Congress  is  responsible  to  no  one.  Theoretically  it  can  be  called 
to  account  by  its  master  the  People  ;  practically  it  cannot.  And  it  knows 
it.  It  is  not  in  its  election  a  Congress  of  the  United  States,  but  a  jumble 
of  congressmen  of  incoherent  sections.  It  is  elected  piecemeal,  to  rep- 
resent not  the  country  but  the  — th  Massachusetts  District  and  the  — nd 
Georgia.  So  far  from  being  sobered  by  any  accountability,  the  average 
Congressman  celebrates  his  escape  from  obscurity  by  going  on  a  spree 
with  his  mouth.    He  barnstorms  the  national  stage.     The  sober  audience 


A  PLAGUE 

O'  BOTH 
THEIR  HOUSES. 


236  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

—  which  an  American  must  hope  and  believe  is  still  strongest  in 
America  —  he  does  not  once  look  toward.  The  gallery  is  noisier  —  and 
he  plays  to  it  with  noise.  There  are  noble  exceptions  to  this ;  but  the 
sane  men  are  not  the  ones  we  are  deafened  with. 

The  spectacle  of  the  last  three  months  is  probably  the  gravest  that 
unintoxicated  Americans  ever  witnessed  —  for  no  foreign  menace  can  be 
so  serious  as  disease  at  the  seat  of  our  national  life.  Deliberately  and  of 
actual  knowledge,  it  is  to  be  said  that  there  is  not  one  of  the  despised 
Latin- American  "republics,"  hot-blooded  and  impulsive  as  they  are, 
whose  Congress  would  have  practically  whooped  into  war  without  one 
word  of  discussion,  as  our  Congress  did  in  the  Venezuelan  matter. 
There  is  not  in  Mexico  or  France  or  Norway  or  Germany  or  Italy  or 
pagan  Japan  a  legislative  body  where  such  consummate  ignorance  of  the 
issue,  such  heartless  flippancy,  such  Apache  readiness  to  plunge  a  people 
in  war  could  have  prevailed  without  one  sober  voice  to  protest ;  one  cool 
finger  uplifted  to  say:  "Wait  a  moment.  Let  us  think."  And  it  is 
perfectly  safe  to  say  that  in  no  other  country  which  has  newspapers 
would  so  many  of  them  have  abetted  the  successive  crimes  against  intel- 
ligence which  have  branded  the  last  three  months  in  Washington. 

The  most  tolerant  Westerner  is  not  permitted  to  forget  for  long 
STILL  ABROAD       ^^^  ignorance  of  the  East.     When   the   periodicals  and  text 

books  give  him  a  brief  respite  from  their  blunders,  then  Wash- 
ington reminds  him  that  it  has  never  been  able  to  learn  a  geography 
more  than  two  hundred  miles  wide.  This  time  it  is  a  statesman  in  the 
Postoffice  Department  who  issues  orders  that  the  people  of  Long  Beach, 
Cal.,  shall  spell  their  postoffice  Longbeach  ;  that  Del  Mar  shall  be  Delmar  ; 
Las  Posas,  Lasposas ;  Ben  Hur,  Benhur — and  so  on.  The  Lion  does  not 
much  believe  in  revolutions  ;  but  this  under-educated  and  over-paid  clerk 
is  not  altogether  the  government  of  the  United  States ;  and  to  snub  him 
is  hardly  high  treason.  It  is  perfectly  true  that  Newyork  and  Newjersey 
and  Saintlouis  and  Rhodeisland  might  better  suit  the  sort  of  brains  this 
gentleman  enjoys  than  the  present  spelling  ;  but  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  does  not  yet  empower  any  accidental  ignoramus  to  tell  the 
people  of  any  city  by  what  name  they  may  venture  to  call  themselves. 
If  the  people  of  the  Southern  California  postoffices  which  have  been 
thus  butchered  have  half  an  American  spirit,  they  will  simply  laugh  at 
the  vandal,  and  go  on  spelling  things  correctly. 

FIRECRACKER  '^^^  joke  of  the  Cuban  aflair  is  funnier  to  anyone  else  than  to 

CONGRESS       ^°  American  —  to  him,  the  ghastly  stupidity  and  indecency  of 
it  are  too  near  home  to  be  comic.     Here  is  the  fire-cracker  Con- 
gress which  misrepresents  (please  God)  the  best  sense  and  honor  of  the 
United  States,  not  only  insulting  but  blackguarding  a  friendly  nation ; 
seriously  —  or  as  near  seriousness  as  a  Morgan  gets  in  his  sober  moments 

—  moving  to  "recognize"  the  independence  of  a  people  that  does  not 
exist  even  on  paper,  a  fugitive  horde  of  ignorant  bandits  and  barn- 
burners without  a  local  habitation  or  a  name.  This  imbecility,  unprece- 
dented in  the  history  of  nations,  is  urged  on  the  ground  that  Spain  early 
recognized  the  Confederacy.  Such  an  argument  of  demagogues  is 
worthy  of  the  cause.  They  know  they  prevaricate,  and  that  every  man 
who  is  not  ignorant  of  history  knows  they  know  it.  The  Confederacy 
was  wrong,  but  it  was  a  government.  It  held  its  territory  in  fact.  It 
had  seaports  and  forts,  cities  and  states,  a  capital,  a  government,  a  cur- 
rency, and  armies.  And  Jefferson  Davis  and  his  cabinet  were  not  skulk- 
ing in  Europe.     From  Sumter  until  Appomatox  the  South  was  a  country. 

Our  own  colonies  in  the  Revolution  have  been  cited  as  dishonestly. 
The  colonies  were  a  country,  in  possession  of  their  domain,  and  fighting 
by  civilized  armies,  not  by  bushwhackers.  Yet  even  France  did  not 
recognize  our  belligerency  until  two  years  after  the  most  important  town 
held  by  the  British  had  surrendered  to  Washington,  and  nearly  four 
months  after  the  principal  British  army  had  been  made  prisoner  by  us. 


IN    THE   LION'S   DEN.  237 

The  Cuban  rebels  have  not  a  government  nor  a  single  spot  whereon  a 
government  could  sit  down  if  there  were  one.  They  have  not  a  seaport, 
nor  a  fort,  nor  a  capital,  nor  a  town,  nor  currency,  nor  anything  that 
sane  men  can  call  an  army.  Their  only  "government"  is  a  huddle  of 
runaway  adventurers  in  New  York — where  it  will  always  be  so  long  as 
there  is  danger.  The  figureheads  in  Cuba  are  only  to  bunco  those  who 
prefer  to  be  ignorant.  The  rebellion  is  composed  of  the  worst  elements 
in  the  island,  led  by  a  few  abler  men  of  as  noble  motives  as  Debs's. 
Indeed  the  only  parallels  to  the  Cuban  insurrection  with  which  the 
United  States  is  familiar  are  the  Debs  and  Coxey  "rebellions."  Congress 
would  have  "recognized"  both  these,  if  they  had  managed  to  hold 
together  a  little  longer. 

We  look  for  this  sort  of  thing  from  the  Lodges  and  Fryes  and  Morgans 
and  Tillman s.  We  do  not  expect  the  sane  words  of  the  Whites  and 
Hoars  and  Hales  and  CafiFerys  to  stop  the  tide.  But  it  was  enough  to 
stun  one  when  Senator  Sherman  stood  up  the  other  day  and  gravely 
charged  Captain-General  Weyler  with  making  the  wives  and  daughters 
of  Cuban  rebels  dance  naked  before  his  soldiers.  Mr.  Sherman  has  been 
a  man  of  use  to  his  country  ;  but  if  age  has  brought  his  brains  to  this 
pass,  it  is  time  he  was  retired  to  some  Old  Man's  Home  where  bunco- 
steerers  and  green-goods  sellers  cannot  get  at  the  inmates. 

Our  politicians  hate  Spain,  not  because  they  know  an  earthly  thing 
about  history,  for  they  have  proved  their  ignorance  ;  not  because  she 
ever  did  us  any  harm ;  but  because  they  were  born  that  way.  England 
naturally  hated  and  belied  Spain,  her  traditional  foe  ;  and  we,  though 
we  hate  England  with  a  ridiculous  hatred,  prove  our  descent  by  carrying 
out  her  grudges. 

The  chief  reason  why  we  pretend  to  despise  England  is  that  she  has 
been  a  land-grabber.  Now  we  are  entering  upon  the  same  "robber 
policy."  We  want  to  grab  Hawaii.  We  want  to  grab  Cuba.  We  want 
to  spend  hundreds  of  millions  for  navy  and  coast  defenses  —  whv  ?  To 
mind  our  own  business  with  ?  Not  at  all .  No  nation  and  no  collection 
of  nations  is  going  to  attack  us  so  long  as  we  remember  the  wisdom  that 
stretched  from  Washington  to  Lincoln.  But  our  politicians  do  not 
intend  to  remember.  The  cue  is  —  no  matter  how  disguised  now  —  a 
policy  of  conquest.  If  we  go  on  for  the  next  twenty  years  as  we  are 
going  now,  the  United  States  will  be  trying  to  swallow  the  whole  Western 
Hemisphere — and  failing.     And  that  will  mean  the  beginning  of  the  end. 

A  gilded  youth  of  New  York,  being  one  night  in  desperate  steals 
straits,  put  a  pistol  under  the  nose  of  a  man  he  met  on  a  lonely  what  he 

street  and  said  :  "  Aw,  give  me  youah  money  or  I'll  blow  out  needs  most. 

youah  bwains,  y'  know." 

The  other  looked  at  him  calmly.  "  Sonny,"  said  he,  "  I  reckon  you'd 
do  better  to  blow  out  my  money  and  take  my  brains  !  " 

One  T.  V.  Wilson  of  122  Pall  Mall,  London,  recalls  this  episode. 
Probably  Mr.  Wilson  would  not  steal  money  out  of  a  safe.  Possibly  he 
should  not  be  too  much  blamed  for  getting  brains  wherever  he  can  lay 
bands  on  them.  But  he  needs  to  acquire  some  morals.  Anyone  in  the 
United  States  who  should  steal  the  cover-design  of  this  magazine  would 
be  attended  to  by  the  law  ;  but  it  is  not  copyrighted  abroad,  and  can  be 
stolen  there  by  anyone  who  has  the  instincts  to  steal  when  he  can  steal 
without  being  punished.  The  design  cost  money  and  brains  ;  it  is 
property  ;  to  appropriate  it  against  the  owner's  will  is  thievery.  Mr. 
Wilson  has  appropriated  it  and  put  it  on  the  cover  of  a  railroad  pamph- 
let. I  mistake  the  railroad  for  which  he  is  "general  European  agent," 
if  he  does  not  hear  from  his  superiors  as  soon  as  they  learn  what  he  has 
done. 


WHICH  IS 
WRITTEN 


There  are,  after  all,  but  two  kinds 
of  people  in  the  world  ;  those  who  like 
Kipling  and  Alice  in  Wonderland,  and  those 
^(Si"'^  ■**  who  do  not. 

If  all  the  new  magazines  trust  in  God  and  keep  their  powder  dry,  we 
shall  presently  be  grasshoppered  with  them  beyond  the  plagues  of  Egypt. 
But  there  are  cheerful  probabilities  that  the  majority  will  come  to  forget 
their  maker  and  their  umbrella,  and  catch  their  death  of  dampness. 

THE 

HOMER  It  is  a  curious  fact  that  no  other  writer  of  this  generation  (and 

OF  THE  JUNGLE,  probably  none  of  this  century)  ever  added  so  much  to  his  fame 
—  after  he  had  set  it  world-wide  upon  its  feet  —  by  his  first  venture  into 
an  absolutely  new  field  as  did  Kipling  with  his  Jungle  stories.  Indeed 
there  have  been  few  such  Columbian  discoveries  in  modern  literature 
anyhow,  as  this  landfall  of  a  whole  new  continent  of  fiction.  While  too 
many  writers  have  been  making  clear  the  beastliness  of  humanity,  no 
other  story-writer  has  had  the  insight  to  know  and  the  power  to  make 
graphic  for  us  the  humanity  of  the  beasts.  One  of  the  most  eminent  of 
critics  has  said  that  there  is  nothing  since  ^sop  like  the  Jungle  stories  ; 
and  he  might  have  left  out  the  comparison  altogether  —  for  ^sop's 
didactic  pills,  with  beasts  merely  for  sugar-coating,  are  no  more  to  be 
compared  to  Kipling's  vital  Jungle-people  than  Dr.  Watts  to  Homer. 
Here  are  no  Punch-and-Judy-trimmed  fables,  but  stories  that  swing  and 
sway  and  kindle  us  as  very  few  have  ever  done.  Few  men's  men  are  so 
contagious  heroes  as  Kipling's  beasts  ;  and  one  must  think  long  to  recall 
any  book  wherein  so  many  of  the  characters  have  so  much  possessed  him 
as  Bagheera  the  Panther,  and  Akela  the  Lone  Wolf,  and  Kaa  the  Python, 
and  Baloo  the  sapient  Bear,  and  Hathi  the  Ancient,  and  several  more  — 
not  to  mention  Mowgli  himself,  the  Man-cub  who  became  wise  with  the 
wisdom  of  the  Jungle.  Here  are  no  sawdust  shadows  moving  across 
boards  which  the  author  needs  label  "This  is  a  stage."  Every  actor 
stands  forth  with  an  actuality  that  is  so  usually  impossible  to  words  that 
the  drama  had  to  be  invented  to  enforce  them. 

The  first  Jungle  Book  took  the  reading  world  by  storm.  At  least  one 
of  its  stories  ("Mowgli's  Brothers")  is  unequaled  in  literature,  and 
several  cross  the  line  to  real  greatness.  The  Second  Jungle  Book  —  and 
last,  for  there  are  to  be  no  more  Jungle  stories  —  had  its  welcome  pre- 
destined, and  it  took  40,000  copies  to  meet  the  first  orders.  If  it  is  not 
clear  that  Mr.  Kipling  has  quite  lived  up  to  the  difficult  standard  of  the 
former  volume,  it  is  wholly  certain  that  no  other  living  writer  could  have 
come  so  close.     In  the  nature  of  things  it  is  impossible  that  all  the 


THAT    WHICH    IS    WRITTEN.  239 

members  of  a  book  shall  be  as  great  as  the  heart  of  it.  But  if  we  can- 
not have  again  the  first  sun-burst  of  surprise,  several  of  the  stories  in 
the  present  book  are  fully  worthy  to  follow  "  Mowgli's  Brothers"  anfl 
"  Kaa's  Hunting."  Such  stories  as  "  How  Fear  Came,"  and  "  Letting 
in  the  Jungle,"  and  "The  King's  Ankus."  no  one  but  Kipling  could 
write;  and  when  it  comes  to  "  The  Undertakers,"  and  "  Qui  quern  " 
(which  is  of  the  Arctic,  but  splendid  as  its  mates  of  the  Jungle),  and 
"  Red  Dog,"  the  greatest  story  in  the  book — why,  no  one  else  could  even 
^ry  to  write  them.  The  fore-songs  and  after-ballads  have  also  some 
characteristic  touches  of  the  present  master  of  English  balladry. 

The  only  real  criticism  fit  to  be  made  in  face  of  such  a  book  is  a 
general  one  to  the  author.  His  work  is  always  good  individually,  but 
all  his  books  of  stories  have  some  air  of  being  flung  together.  It  would 
be  worth  while  to  make,  of  the  present  two,  one  perfect  Junp;Ie  Book  ; 
with  the  best  Jungle  stories  in  their  chronological  order,  and  the  splendid 
other  stories  of  other  lands  put  to  a  volume  by  themselves.  The  Second 
Jungle  Book  is  decorated  by  Kipling's  father,  and  printed  at  the  De  Vinne 
press      The  Century  Co.,  N.  Y.,  $1.50. 

The  magazine  birth-rate  recalls  an  urchin  to  whose  home  the      and 
doctor  brought  many  presents.     The  genial  stranger,  getting  still  they 

acquainted  with  the  boys  after  school,  asked  this  one  :  come. 

"  And  how  many  brothers  and  sisters  have  you,  my  little  man  ?  " 

"  Dunno  !  "  said  the  youngster,  reflectively.  **  I  haven't  been  home 
since  morning." 

No  one  knows  how  many  magazines  there  are  who  hasn't  been  home 
since  morning.  The  latest  at  the  time  of  going  to  press  is  the  Penny 
Magazine,  of  which  the  April  issue  is  Vol.  r,  No.  i.  It  is  a  short-story 
monthly,  evidently  patterned  after  \.\i^  Black  Cat,  but  with  better-known 
contributors  and  at  a  half  of  the  price.     It  hails  from  Philadelphia. 

In  matters  of  taste,  young  people  may  well  be  bettered  by  a      not  that 
book  so  beautiful  to  the  eye  as  Catharine  Br.oks  Yale's  Nim  sort  of 

and  Cum,  and  the   Wonderhead  Stories.     But  it  is  doubtful  if  chilcren. 

many  children  will  warm  to  these  stories.  Those  who  do,  will  bear 
looking  after.  Normal  children  do  not  run  to  puns,  which  are  a  vice  of 
le.«;s  singlehearted  maturity  ;  and  Nim  and  Cum  is  mostly  built  of  puns  ^ 

imported  from  a  great  distance.  The  hero  fishing  with  the  North  Pole 
for  a  rod.  the  Equinoctial  Line,  and  a  bent  meridian  for  a  hook  ,  or 
punching  holes  in  the  "  Little  Dipper"  with  a  "point  of  view"  for  an 
awl  —  he  is  rather  too  laborious  a  joker  to  please  the  sort  of  youngsters 
we  would  better  bring  up.  The  Wonderhead  Stories  are  not  so  forced  ; 
but  nothing  in  the  book  shows  much  understanding  of  the  real  lingua 
franca  of  childhood.     Way  &  Williams,  Chicago,  $1.25 

Among  the  best  things  in  the  first  volume  of  the  Chap-Book  a  book 
was  a  series  of  "  Dreams  of  Today  "  by  Percival  Pollard.     Mr.  which 

Pollard  is  now  editing  The  Echo,  of  Chicago,  and  making  a  promisis. 

success  of  this  fortnightly  reproduction  of  the  best  caricature  and  poster 
art  at  home  and  abroad.  He  has  also  recently  issued  his  first  novel, 
Cape  of  Storms,  which  has  just  given  me  pleasure  in  the  reading.  It 
has  shortcomings  which  appear  mostly  of  haste  ;  and  the  putative  moral 
will  be  largely  quarreled  with  as  a  matter  of  ethics.  But  the  real  con- 
cern of  the  book  is  its  picturing  of  a  fine  young  manhood  sophisticated, 
cheapened  and  nearly  ruined  by  the  city  ;  and  this  devolution  is  por- 
trayed so  delicately  and  sympathetically  and  sanely  that  the  stor^  leaves 
a  good  taste  in  the  mouth.  Prophecy  is  a  dangerous  function  in  these 
days  ;  but  we  ought  to  hear  worthy  things  from  the  young  man  who  can 
do  this  in  his  first  sustained  flight.  The  Echo  Pub.  Co.,  Chicago.  Paper, 
with  cover  by  Will  Bradley,  75  cents. 


240  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE 

THE  There  is  only  one  magazine  published   west  of  the  Rockies 

ONLY  which  expects  contributors  to  take  their  pay  in  a  subscription. 

ONE.  A  lady  called  on  the  Lion  the  other  day  to  say  : 

"You  don't  know  how  much  I  owe  you!  I  cut  that  story  down  one 
half,  as  you  were  kind  enough  to  advise,  and  sent  it  to  the  IVarmedover- 
land.  They  accepted  it  and  gave  me  —  two  years'  subscription.  Now  if 
it  hadn't  been  for  you,  the  story  would  be  twice  as  long,  and  they  might 
have  sent  me  their  magazine  for  four  years  !  " 

THIS 

THAT  AND  ^^  ^^  CosmopoHtan' s  friends  found  its  February  cover  a  shock, 

THE  OTHER     ^  worse  was  in  store  for  them.     The  March  cover  seems  to  in- 
dicate   a  lady    caught  out  without  her  umbrella  in   a  hard 
rain  of  scrambled  eggs. 

Sports  Afield  is  a  sturdy  magazine  of  field-sports,  adventure  and 
Western  life,  which  honestly  lives  up  to  its  title.  It  is  now  in  its  i6th 
volume.     Chicago,  1 1.20  a  year. 

There  are  getting  to  be  more  magazines  than  there  are  names  to  go 
round.  The  Lotus,  intercollegiate,  is  a  Kansas  City  addition  to  the 
deckle-edged  bibelots  ;  small,  "  Modern  "  and  perceptibly  undergraduate. 
The  Lotos  is  from  New  York,  and  more  magazine-like,  in  size  and  build 
and  contents.  It  succeeds  The  New  Cycle,  and  seems  to  be  an  organ  of 
the  Federated  Women's  Clubs.  Miss  Neith  Boyce,  formerly  of  Los 
Angeles,  is  its  literary  editor. 

One  is  glad  to  see  that  The  Black  Riders  did  not  measure  the  cubic 
contents  of  Stephen  Crane.  He  has  followed  these  unversed  verses, 
which  were  properly  laughed  at,  with  a  war-story,  The  Red  Badge  of 
Courage,  which  has  made  a  great  hit  in  the  East  and  England.  Mr. 
Crane  is  only  24  ;  and  if  he  is  willing  to  work,  and  not  too  proud  to  take 
off  his  hat  to  the  rudiments  of  English  grammar  when  he  meets  them 
on  the  street,  he  is  likely  to  make  his  mark. 

Life  at  Shut-In  Valley  is  a  collection  of  California  tales  by  Clara 
Spalding  Brown,  of  Los  Angeles.  The  successful  short  story,  in  the 
present  sense,  is  the  rarest  thing  in  literature,  and  Mrs.  Brown  makes  no 
pretence  to  be  one  of  the  elect.  Her  tales,  however,  are  unaffected  and 
clean.  The  Editor  Pub.  Co.,  Franklin,  O.  Paper,  50  cents. 
^  The  death  of  "  Bill  "  Nye  takes  another  peculiarly  American  figure  off 

the  stage.  Not  at  all  of  the  rank  of  Twain  or  even  of  Burdette,  he  was 
little  of  a  wit  but  much  of  a  humorist.  He  was  probably  the  most  suc- 
cessful type  of  the  "funny  man."  He  has  made  a  great  deal  of  laughter 
and  done  very  little  harm  withal  ;  yet  one  cannot  help  feeling  that  he 
was  somewhat  misapplied.  For  Nye  had  in  him  enough  of  real  though 
wilful  humor  to  have  made  a  much  more  enduring  name  if  his  work  had 
been  a  little  better  advised  and  a  good  deal  less  sold  by  the  yard. 

The  Hartford  Post  has  secured  for  its  literary  editor  Chas.  Dexter 
Allen,  well-known  as  a  bibliophile  and  authority  on  book-plates,  and 
will  make  a  special  feature  of  its  literary  department. 

It  is  a  comfort  and  pride  to  such  as  care  for  the  dignity  and  worth  of 
American  letters  that  we  have  in  the  United  States  a  literary  review  which 
is  really  critical  and  sane  and  studious  and  never  hysterical ;  one  which 
is  as  reliable  as  it  is  scholarly.  The  Chicago  Dial  is,  as  Whittier  called 
it,  the  best  purely  literary  journal  in  this  country  ;  and  it  ought  to  have 
a  place  on  the  table  of  every  person  who  cares  to  keep  abreast  with  the 
best  criticism  of  the  day. 

Arizona  is  a  country  of  magnificent  distances  and  calibres.  Even 
the  church  militates  with  nothing  smaller  than  a  forty-four.  A  new 
religious  fortnightly  in  Phoenix  wears  this  head  : 

Red-Hot  Edition. 

The  Christian  Witness. 
It  is  in  red  ink  all  through  ;  and  Bro.  C.  M.  Lane,  who  encarnadines  it, 
is  no  slouch  of  a  fighter. 


241 


Flagstaff,  Arizona. 

NE  of  the  greatest  surprises  of  the  Southwest  is  the 
San  Francisco  Plateau  — that  gigantic  whaleback 
humped  above  the  general  surface  of  the  MogoUon 
water-shed  in  northern  Arizona.  It  is  as  different 
from  the  rest  of  the  system  as  hope  from  despair. 
On  either  hand  the  strenuous  desert  laps  its  side  — 
on  the  east,  the  lofty  barrens  of  the  Painted  Desert ; 
on  the  west,  the  sunken  aridities  of  the  Mojave. 
Yet  here,  hemmed  between  these  bare,  thirsty  lands,  this  vast  swale 
rounds  upward  like  a  fertile  island.  Below  it,  on  either  side,  the  parched 
plains  support  no  nobler  timber  than  the  sage-brush  ;  but  up  here  is  the 
most  splendid  forest  in  Arizona  —  and  one  of  the  finest  in  the  Southwest. 


A    H.  Moore,  Eng. 


COCONINO  COUNTY  COURTHOUSE.      J'hoto.  by  Osborn.  Flagstaff. 


Below  are  sands  and  heat ;  up  here  the  breath  of  immemorial  pines  and 
the  tang  of  breezes  off  the  snow-peaks,  and  knee-high  grasses,  and 
glades  and  ponds,  and  —  trout  brooks  !  There  are  people  who  carefully 
leave  their  minds  at  home  when  they  travel,  lest  they  accidentally  learn 
something  en  route  ;  but  to  any  intelligent  traveler  the  sudden  vision  of 
this  magnificent  forest  which  looks  down  on  either  side  to  hundreds  of 
treeless  miles,  is  matter  not  only  for  delight,  but  for  thought. 

This  great  Arizona  pine-belt,  where  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific  R.  R.  crosses 
it,  is  about  sixty  miles  wide  from  east  to  west.  North  and  south  it  is 
two  hundred  miles  long.  Fifty  miles  north  of  the  railroad,  the  incon- 
ceivable chasm  of  the  Grand  Canon  of  the  Colorado  chops  it  across,  but 
does  not  terminate  it.  Fifty  miles  south  of  the  railroad  the  tremendous 
Mogollon  Escarpment  (more  popularly  known  as  the  "Rim  Rock") 
<lump8  it  over  cyclopean  cliffs  into  the  edges  of  the  Tonto  Basin — beyond 
■which  it  clambers  up  again  to  the  Mazatzals  and  other  ranges,  dying  out 


FLAGSTAFr,    ARIZONA. 


243 


L.  A.  Eni:   Co.  TH E  TERRITORIAL  REFORM   SCHOOL..      Photo,  by  Osborn,  Flagstaff. 

at  last  only  where  the  great  uplands  dwindle  away  to  the  gaunt  deserts 
below  the  Gila. 

This  belt  is  the  Arizona  divide,  the  culmination  of  the  Mogollon  water- 
shed, its  average  height  being  somewhere  about  7000  feet,  while  its  sen- 
tinels, the  noble  JSan  Francisco  peaks,  rise  to  over  13,000  feet  —  the  high- 
est mountains  in  Arizona. 

Even  in  the  Southwestern  Wonderland*  this  region  stands  unique — the 
most  wonderful  area  in  the  United  States.  And  its  intellectual  interest 
is  not  greater  than  its  physical  charm.  The  very  air  of  this  great  piney 
plateau  is  a  revelation.  Its  scent  is  the  scent  of  Maine  forests  ;  but  there 
is  a  tonic  in  it  that  Maine  never  knew — nor  any  other  land  of  humid 
skies.  The  altitude  and  the  dryness  of  it  give  the  atmosphere  a  quality 
which  it  is  quite  hopeless  to  try  to  explain  to  people  who  have  never 


H.  Moore,  Eng. 


A   LOGOINC-TRAIN. 


Photo,  by  OtborD,  FlagiUff. 


244 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 


learned  anything  better  than  Adirondack  air,  for  instance.  One  becomes 
a  pulmonary  epicure  in  it ;  the  lungs  reach  greedily  to  get  their  fill  of  it, 
and  the  freshened  blood  tingles  in  every  capillary.  In  winter  there  are 
great  but  not  persistent  snows,  and  the  mercury  has  severe  sinking- 
spells  ;  but  for, a  summer  climate  there  is  nothing  in  North  America  so 
exhilarant  and  so  tonic  as  this— for  here  are  the  advantages  not  alone  of 
altitude  but  of  dryness. 

Flagstaflf,  the  principal  town  of  this  superb  plateau,  is  6935  feet  above 
the  level  of  the  sea  ;  a  wide-awake,  prosperous  American  town,  nestled 
among  the  stately  pines  at  the  foot  of  the  San  Francisco  mountains, 
whose  sharp,  volcanic  peaks,  snow-crowned  most  of  the  year,  have  so 


Union  Eng  Co. 


AT  THE  FOOT  OF  THE  HANCE  TRAIL.    Photo,  by  Osborn,  Flagstaff. 


much  to  do  with  redeeming  this  region  from  the  desert  which  pinches  it 
on  either  side.  The  location  is  ideally  beautiful,  with  its  vistas  of  Mt. 
Agassiz  and  his  mates  through  the  columnar  pines  which  edge  into  the 
very  town. 

Astonishingly  healthful,  steadily  prosperous  beyond  almost  any  other 
town  on  the  A.  &  P.  R.  R.,  backed  by  the  practically  inexhaustible 
wealth  of  its  forests,  and  with  so  many  of  the  natural  attractions  which 
make  life  worth  living,  there  is  no  uncertainty  about  the  future  of  Flag- 
staff. 

The  town  gets  its  rather  peculiar  name,  by  the  way,  from  the  fact  that 
a  government  expedition,  camping  here  on  the  Fourth  of  July,  trimmed 
up  a  spar-like  pine  and  floated  Old  Glory  from  its  peak.     Naturally  the 


FLAGSTAFF,    ARIZONA 


245 


A   H.  Moore.  Kng.  /yy   q.    M.    RIORDAN'S    LOG  CABIN.        Photo,  by  Osborn,  Flagstaff. 

locality  has  been  a  marked  spot  since  overland  travel  first  began  ;  for 
the  footsore  explorer,  toiling  across  the  deserts,  would  not  soon  forget 
this  magnificent  oasis.  Fremont  came  this  way — in  fact,  the  A.  &  P. 
R.  R.  largely  follows  the  trail  of  the  Pathfinder  —  and  before  him  the 
hardy  trappers,  and  after  him  the  Argonauts  steered  their  course  for  200 
miles  by  the  San  Francisco  peaks.  It  is  likely  that  Capt.  Garcia  Lopez 
de  Cardenas,  Coronado's  emissary,  who  discovered  the  Grand  Caiion  of 
the  Colorado  in  1540,  came  here  with  his  twelve  men  ;  and  that  Antonio 
de  Espejo  did  in  1583.     It  is  certain  that  Juan  de  Oiiate,  the  founder  of 


A.  H.  Moore,  Itig. 


THE  SAMK. 


Photo  liy  Oibom,  Plaf***"- 


246  LAND    OF  SUNSHINE. 

New  Mexico,  passed  here  in  his  tremendous  march  from  Santa  Fe  to  the 
Gulf  of  California,  in  1604-5,  for  his  chronicler.  Fray  Zarate-Salmeron, 
describes  the  country  of  the  pines  unmistakably  in  his  Relaciones. 

But  all  these  things  are  of  the  past ;  and  it  is  with  the  present  and  fu- 
ture that  Flagstaff  has  the  larger  dealings.  It  is  a  modern  American 
town,  with  the  clear  American  eye  to  the  main  chance,  and  the  sturdy 
American  fists  to  win  thither.  And  it  holds  the  key  to  success  by  several 
doors. 

For  one  thing,  it  is  destined  to  become  an  important  point  in  the  itin- 
eraries of  intelligent  tourists  ;  not  only  as  a  charming  summer  resort, 
but  as  a  center  of  some  of  the  greatest  scenic  wonders  of  the  world. 
Not  only  is  it  a  natural  approach  to  the  Pine-creek  Natural  Bridge, 
"Montezuma's  Castle,"  "Montezuma's  Well,"  and  other  marvels  of  that 
region;  not  only  does  it  command  the  wonders  of  Cataract  Caiion  and 
Walnut  Creek  Caiion  with  its  cliff-dwellings,  and  an  important  group  of 
cave-dwellings,  but  it  is  also  the  main  entrance  to  that  greatest  thing  in 


A.  H   Moore,  Eng.  THR   PUBLIC  SCHOOL.  Photo,  by  Osl>oin,  FJasstaff. 

the  world,  the  Grand  Cation  of  the  Colorado.  Add  to  this  that  it  is  a 
fine  hunting  country  ;  that  its  air  is  so  clear  that  it  was  chosen  by  Har- 
vard College  as  the  best  point  in  the  United  States  for  a  branch  observa- 
tory ;  that  its  great  mountain  reservoirs  guarantee  an  abundance  of  the 
purest  water  ;  that  its  forests,  unmarred  by  underbrush,  are  one  vast 
park  in  which  one  may  ride  everywhere  —  and  you  begin  to  know  some 
of  the  attractions  that  will  make  Flagstaff  a  mecca  of  discerning  trav- 
elers. 

In  the  fine  caiion  of  Walnut  Creek,  an  hour's  ride  from  town,  are 
hundreds  of  cliff-dweller  ruins^'  of  the  small  house  type,  ranged  like 
martins'  nests  along  the  shelves  of  the  tortuous  chasm  which  j'awns  sud- 
denly in  the  floor-like  plain. 

One  can  also  drive  from  Flagstaff  down  into  the  picturesque  Tonto 
Basin,  descending  by  the  canon  of  Oak  Creek,  and  visit  the  five-stor}' 


*  See  page  210. 


FLAGSTAFF,   ARIZONA. 


247 


clifF-dwellings  of  the  Beaver-creek  type.  There  is  no  other  region  in 
North  America  where  such  ancient  and  important  ruins  can  be  so  easily 
reached  from  a  railroad.  And  the  strange  little  settlements  of  modern 
aborigines  amid  the  wild  beauties  of  Cataract  Cafion  are  more  interesting 
than  anything  most  tourists  see  in  a  transcontinental  journey. 

The  foremost  material  interest  of  Flagstaff  is  of  course  its  vast  lumber 
resources.     Such  an  area  of  "  four-to-the-thousand  "  pines  means  some- 


Uoion  Cdr.  Co. 


A   BtT  OF  THE  GRAND  CANYON  Photo  hy  .lackion,  Denver. 


248 


LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 


thing  in  the  bare  Southwest ;  and  Flagstaff  commands  the  situation. 
The  Arizona  Lumber  and  Timber  Company  controls  871,000  acres  of  these 
forests.  It  owns  five  saw-mills,  with  an  aggregate  capacity  of  385,000 
feet  of  lumber  in  a  24-hour  run  ;  not  to  mention  a  35-mile  railroad  of 
its  own,  buildings,  stores  and  other  properties.  Its  president  is  D.  M. 
Riordan — and  that  is  not  the  end  of  him,  as  the  name  of  their  position 
is  of  some  men.  "  A  gentleman  and  a  scholar  "is  an  abused  term  ;  but 
every  one  who  knows  this  broad  man  and  strong  one — as  most  South- 
westerners  do — feels  its  literal  application  in  this  case.  The  globe- 
trotter will  remember  no  hospitality  longer,  either  for  itself  or  for  its  set- 
ting, than  that  of  Mr.  Riordan's  home — which  is  finished  inside  as  an 
honest  log-cabin. 

In  addition  to  its  other  industries,  the  Arizona  Lumber  and  Timber 


Mausard-Collier  Eng.  Co. 


Photo,  by  Osborn,  Flagstaif. 


MILL  NO.    1  AND   PRINCIPAL  LUMBER   YARD. 
Arizona  Lumber  and  Timber  Co. 


Company  has  recently  fitted  a  box  factory  and  is  manufacturing  fruit 
boxes — which  will  supply  the  enormous  California  market. 

Notwithstanding  the  difficulties  incident  to  the  depression  that  has 
prevailed  in  this  section  during  the  past  two  years  and  a  half,  the  com- 
pany has  managed  to  keep  going  in  good  shape,  and  last  year  (1895) 
turned  out  about  18,000,000  feet  of  lumber. 

One  peculiar  feature  in  the  organization  of  this  company  is  that 
erery  stockholder  in  it  is  an  employ^  ;  that  is  to  say,  there  are  no  in- 
vestors connected  with  it  except  those  who  are  actually  concerned  in  it 
and  bearing  the  heat  and  burden  of  its  daily  operations.  Every  man 
who  has  been  five  years  with  the  concern  has,  through  the  system  adopt- 
ed by  its  president,  become  a  stockholder,  without  investment  on  his 
part.  In  addition  to  this,  every  man  who  is  in  its  service  for  more  than 
one  year,  becomes  a  sharer  in  its  profits  ;  and  if  he  has  been  two  years 


FLAGSTAFF,    ARIZONA. 


249 


in  the  service  of  the  company,  is  entitled  to  become  a  stockholder  if  he 
so  chooses.  During  the  past  year  a  complete  reorganization  of  the  com- 
pany has  taken  place  in  order  to  bring  about  the  above  set  of  conditions 
and  to  acquire  the  interests  of  investors  in  the  concern  who  have  never 
been  actual  workers.  All  this  having  been  accomplished,  the  present 
organization  looks  forward  with  confident  hope  to  a  renewed  activity  in 
its  field,  and  to  legitimate  rewards  thereof.  With  anything  like  reason- 
able prosperity  in  the  region  which  it  serves,  this  company  expects  to 
manufacture  ^and  to  sell  2,000,000  feet  of  lumber  during  the  present 
year  (1896). 

During  the  year  1895,  this  company  purchased  the  Central  Arizona 
Railway  company's  entire  property,  including  rails,  rolling  stock, 
roadbed,  franchises,  etc.,  and  is  now  operating  it  in  connection  with  its 
lumber  company. 


L.  A.  Kn^'.  C. 


THE   RED   SANDSTONE  QUARRY. 


Photo,  by  Osborn,  Flagstaff. 


Another  important  material  wealth  of  Flagstaff  is  its  immense  deposits 
of  a  superb  red  sandstone,  one  of  the  handsomest  and  best  building 
stones  in  the  United  States.  Some  of  the  finest  buildings  in  Chicago  are 
of  this  Flagstaff  stone,  which  can  be  quarried  in  larger  perfect  blocks 
than  perhaps  any  other. 

A  curious  but  important  product  just  beginning  to  be  known  is  the  vol- 
canic tufa,  which  makes  the  best  of  fire-brick.  Light,  yet  resistant  to 
pressure,  so  completely  a  non-conductor  that  you  can  heat  one  end  of  a 
brick  of  it  red  hot  and  hold  the  other  end  between  your  fingers,  it 
seems  destined  to  become  an  important  factor  in  our  architecture. 

Flagstaff  is  the  chief  town  and  the  county-seat  of  Coconino  county. 


lier  Eng.  Co. 


BABBITT  BROS 


Photo,  by  F.  W.  Sisson,  Flagstaff. 
ESTABLISHMENT. 


It  has  a  population  of  about  1500,  and  is  an  attractive-looking,  as  well  as 
a  progressive,  town.  It  has  gas  and  electric  light,  a  foundry,  stores, 
bank  (the  Arizona  Central),  a  good  hotel,  churches,  schools,  and  fine 
public  buildings.  The  court  house,  the  school  and  the  new  Territorial 
Reform  School  (now  being  finished)  would  not  be  out  of  place  in  any 
city  whatever. 

A  Summer  School  of  Science  will  begin  in  Flagstaff  July  ist.  Depart- 
ments in  musical  and  dramatic  art  and  natural  history  will  be  directed 
by  eminent  specialists.  The  Lowell  Observatory  will  be  occupied,  and 
astronomical  observations  of  practical  value  are  hoped  for.  Competent 
instructors  will  teach  in  the  various  scientific  lines,  and  class-work  will 
be  supplemented  by  a  course  of  popular  lectures.  Arrangements  are 
making  for  the  accommodatioa  of  500  students,  and  favorable  railroad 


THE  BANK   HOTEL,   AND   THE  GRAND   CANYON    STAGE 


FLAGSTAFF,   ARIZONA. 


VAIL   BLOCK. 


rates  are  expected.  The  double  attraction  of  the  School  of  Science  and 
a  few  weeks  amid  these  really  magnificent  surroundings  will  undoubtedly 
bring  a  large  number  of  people  to  Flagstaff  this  summer. 

Flagstaff  has  all  the  furnitures  of  a  wide-awake  American  town  of  its 
size.  Indeed,  a  great  many  Eastern  towns  of  1500  would  be  very  much 
surprised  to  discover  how  many  things  which  they  have  not  are  to  be 
found  in  this  place  *'  on  the  frontier."  The  stores  are  particularly  nota- 
ble in  such  a  comparison  ;  the  principal  ones  carrying  such  stocks  as 
would  make  the  New  England  village  merchant  gasp,  and  put  some  of 
his  big-city  cousins  to  the  blush.  The  Babbett  Bros.,  dealing  in  general 
merchandise,  wholesale  and  retail,  command  an  immense  tributary 
country,  and  have,  besides  their  fine  store  in  Flagstaff,  three  trading- 
posts  in  the  Navajo  country.  The  Flagstaff  Commercial  Co.  carries  a 
large  line  in  dry  goods,  clothing  and  groceries.  Dr.  D.  J.  Brannen, 
President  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  conducts  an  extensive  drug  business. 

From  Flagstaff,  the  finest  accessible  point  in  the  Grand  Caiion  of  the 
Colorado  is  reached  by  the  easiest  and  pleasantest  route.     A  daylight's 


FLAGSTAFF  COMMERCIAL  COMPANY  BLOCK 


252 


LAND    OF-  SUNSHINE. 


DR.    BRANNEN'S   DRUG    STORE. 


Photo,  by  F   W.  Sissoa 


drive  through  the  noble  pine  woods,  in  one  of  the  first-class  stages  of 
Wilbur  Thurber,  brings  the  traveler  to  the  brink  of  the  matchless 
gorge  at  Hance's.  Here  are  very  comfortable  accommodations,  with 
proper  facilities  for  exploring  the  "rim,"  or  going  down  to  the  bottom 
of  this  incomparable  rent  in  the  earth  via  Hance's  excellent  trail. 

The  probabilities  are  that  a  railroad  will  presently  be  built  from  Flag- 
staff" to  the  Grand  Caiion  ;  but  the  journey  is  more  charming  now  than 
it  will  ever  be  on  a  railroad  train,  and  not  a  bit  more  lo  be  feared,  though 
of  course  not  quite  so  lazily  easy. 

Flagstaff  is  also  a  heavy  shipper  of  wool,  the  range  being  a  favorite 
field  for  sheep  men.  The  largest  area  of  fine  grazing-lands  in  the  Terri- 
tory is  upon  this  plateau,  and  horned  cattle  are  also  an  important  factor. 
Mining  is  not  vet  largely  developed,  but  is  to  be  counted  in  the  assets 
of  the  region  ;  for  there  are  enormous  mineral  riches  waiting  to  be  taken 
from  the  walls  of  the  Grand  Caiion  and  its  tributaries. 


GENERAL   VIEW  OF  THE  GRAND   CANYON. 


l^lUa^ 


Redondo  Beach. 


^  ^' 


tourists 
bathing 


HE  Port  of  Redondo  is  fast  be- 
coming prominent  on  accouut  of 
its  extensive  shipping  business. 
The  lumber  traffic  via  this  port  has  as- 
sumed such  proportions  as  to  have  re- 
quired the  construction  of  another  wharf, 
which  in  the  matter  of  modern  appoint- 
ments and  conveniences  for  cheap  handl- 
ing and  quick  dispatch,  competes  with 
any  wharf  in  this  section. 

A  large  bulk  of  the  merchandise  to  and 
from  Los  Angeles,  as  well  as  the  output 
from  the  surrounding  country,  is  handled 
over  the  Redondo  wharves.  And  the 
harbor  is  also  becoming  well  and  favor- 
ably known  to  foreign  shippers.  Many 
who  have  been  lured  to  Redondo  Beach  by  the  busy  wharf  scenes,  excellent 
and  fishing,  find  in  the  Hotel  Redondo  an  irresislible  temptation  to  tarry  long. 


Photo  hv  Wnite 

from  the  New  Wharf  toward  Redondo 
Hotel. 


Mausard  Collier  Eng.  Co. 


THK    OLD    WHARF. 


Photo  by  Waite. 


ii^liafe--%^*Mr, 


RESIDENCE  OF  WILL  D.   COULD,  LOS   ANGELES. 


Central  California 

and  the  Fattious  Dcl  rionte -^ 

fHE  great  majority  of  Easterners  who  visit  Southern  California  hold  transportation  tickets  read- 
ing to  San  Francisco,  and  from  thence  homeward  over  the  Ogden  or  Shasta  routes.  To  such  we 
would  beg  to  advise  that  they  give  themselves  ample  time  to  become  acquainted  with  some  ot 
the  world-famous  attractions  of  Central  California.  They  should  at  least  arrange  for  a  few  weeks' 
stay  at  the  celebrated  Hotel  Del  Monte,  Monterey,  "  The  Queen  of  American  Watering  Places." 

This  magnificent  establishment  is  situated  near  the  shore  line  of  Monterey  Bay,  in  one  of  the 
most  picturesque  and  naturally  beautiful  localities  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  It  was  founded  in  1880,  and 
in  its  comparatively  brief  career  may  be  credited  with  having  done  more  than  almost  any  other 
agency  to  acquaint  the  world  with  California's  natural  advantages.  Guests  from  every  corner  of  the 
earth  have  enjoyed  its  hospitality. 

This  hotel  is  both  a  summer  and  winter  resort  of  the  highest  order,  and  at  all  seasons  is  com- 
ortably  filled,  a  happy  condition  rarely  the  boast  of  any  resort.  In  winter  it  becomes  the  delightful 
retreat  of  visitors  from  the  colder  States,  who  go  there  to  enjoy  its  luxurious  comforts  and  its  genial 
climate.  In  summer  it  is  more  conspicuous  as  a  resort  for  pleasure,  though  retaining  its  more  staid 
character  for  quiet.and  uninterrupted  comfort. 


GLIMPSES  OF  THE   HOTEL   PARK. 

The  Hotel  is  situated  in  a  splendid  grove  of  giant  pines  and  oaks,   part  of  the  magnificently 

ooded  seven-thousand-acre  park  entirely  devoted  to  the  enhancement  of  the  resort.      In  the 

immediate  vicinity  of  the  building  is  an  immense  flower  garden  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 

acres,  the  marvelous  luxuriance  of  which  must  be  seen  to  be  properly  appreciated.  From  one  year's 

end  to  another  it  is  a  constant  dazzle  of  gorgeous  colors. 

Bathing,  boating,  fishing  and  hunting,  clubrooms,  billiard  parlors,  an  elegant  ballroom,  tennis 
courts,  croquet  grounds,  and  a  large  bath-house,  are  among  the  delightful  diversions,  all  free  to  the 
guests.  The  finest  drives  in  America,  through  scenes  rich  in  picturesque  variety  and  historic  inter- 
est, may  be  included  in  the  never-ending  whirl  of  enjoyment. 

Novisitor  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  whether  business-bound,  health  or  pleasure-bound,  should  fail  to 
visit  Hotel  Del  Monte.  It  is  but  three  and  one-half  hours'  ride  from  San  Francisco  by  express  trains 
of  the  Southern  Pacific  Company. 


Ontario. 

ITUATED  at  a  distance  of  35  miles  from  the  Pacific  ocean,  and  39 
miles  east  of  Los  Angeles,  on  the  main  line  of  both  the  Southern 
Pacific  and  Santa  Fe  railways,  is  the  beautiful  town  of  Ontario. 
In  location,  climate,  soil,  and  water  privileges,  Ontario  has  many  ad- 
vantages. Fine  business  blocks,  electric  cars  and  lighting,  handsome 
churches  and  schools,  fine  residences,  surrounded  by  what  is  already 
becoming  a  great  forest  of  citrus  and  deciduous  orchards,  blocked  out 
by  splendid  shade  trees  —  such  is  Ontario  at  thirteen  years.  How  many 
Eastern  towns  twice  its  age  and  population  would  ever  dream  of  half 
its  progress?  The  elevation,  ranging  from  950  to  2500  feet,  insures  a 
most  healthful  and  agreeable  climate,  while  the  conditions  for  growing 
citrus  and  deciduous  fruits  cannot  be  excelled. 


YOUNG   ONTARIO    ORANGE  GROVE. 

For  the  past  two  years  Ontario  has  planted  more  orchard  lands  than 
any  other  district  in  Southern  California,  the  firm  of  Hanson  &  Co.  alone 
having  planted  over  1500  acres  to  the  various  kinds  of  citrus  and  decidu- 
ous fruits.  This  they  are  selling  in  10  or  20-acre  tracts,  at  prices  ranging 
from  $150  to  $400  per  acre,  according  to  location  of  lots  and  water  priv- 
ileges. These  prices  are  for  three-year-old  orchards.  The  streets  and 
avenues  are  planted  to  ornamental  and  shade  trees,  and  kept  in  good 
order.     There  are  some  beautiful  residences  now  on  their  tract. 

They  also  have  several  orchards  in  full  bearing  which  are  good  value, 
and  will  bear  investigation.  Anyone  desiring  further  information  should 
write  for  pamphlet  to  Hanson  &  Co.,  Ontario,  or  122  Pall  Mall,  London, 
England. 


Hollywood  Lands, 

fAHUENGA  VALLEY  and  HOLLYWOOD  will  soon  be  synonyms 
for  all  that  is  beautiful  in  foothill  orchards  and  frostless  gardens. 
Even  now  the  recent  improvements,  made  in  expectation  of  the 
electric  railway  to  Santa  Monica,  give  evidence  of  what  the  near  future 
will  produce,  in  what  is  already  the  most  attractive  suburban  residence 
portion  of  Los  Angeles  county. 

Shrewd  investors,  as  well  as  genuine  home-seekers,  are  picking  up  all 
the  bargains  in  land  near  the  electric  line,  and  good  land  is  increasing 
rapidly  in  value,  and  is  in  good  demand. 

One  of  the  best  known  among  the  small  tracts  is  the  sixty-acre  piece 
on  Sunset  Boulevard,  belonging  to  Romulo  Pico,  Esq.  This  land  is 
valuable  on  account  of  its  location,  being  in  the  frostless  belt,  on  the 
Boulevard  to  Santa  Monica,  near  the  power  house  being  built  for  the 
Electric  Railway  (at  which  point  the  Company  has  laid  out  a  town),  and 
in  a  situation  unsurpassed  for  building.  The  soil  is  the  most  desirable 
in  quality  and  raises  the  finest  winter  vegetables  and  fruits  of  all  kinds. 
This  very  fine  piece  of  land  will  be  sold  at  auction  in  ten-acre  tracts  on 
April  4th,  1896,  on  the  ground,  which  will  afford  an  opportunity  never 
before  offered  for  buying  such  property  at  your  own  price. 

For  full  particulars  address  Poindexter  &  Wadsworth,  305  West  Second 
Street,  Los  Angeles. 

OALIFORNIA  O URIOS  po'.'^h^'i f <i "''p°'i!!'^l '^.f%°^  f 

v^-^= =^ — ^-:^ — : \^ varieties  found  on  the  Pacific  Coast; 

Gem  Stones  ;  Mexican  Opals  ;  Japanese  Cats'  Eyes ;  Orange  Wood,  plain  and 
painted  ;  Pressed  Flowers,  Ferns  and  Mosses  ;  Jewelry  made  from  Coast  Shells  ; 
5x8  Photos,  California  Scenes,  mounted  and  unmounted.      Wholesale  and  Retail. 

E.  L.  LOVEJOY,  126  W.  FOURTH  STREET 

Mail  Orders  Solicited.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


oooo~oo~o 


SOLE  AGENTS 
FOR 
THE 
CELEBRATED 


^cf)ulDer'l 


PIANOS 


II  PIANOS  SOLD 

ON  EASY  INSTALLMENTS 
AND  RENTED 


249  8.  BROADWAY,  byrne  block 


OUR   NBW   WAREROOMS  , 


I'lease  mention  that  you  "  saw  U  in  the  La-nd  of  StrNSHrNE. 


PUBLISHERS'    Department. 


The  I^ai\d  of  ^ai\6bli\e 


THE     MAGAZINE    OF    CALIFORNIA 
AND    THE    SOUTHWEST 

li.oo  A  Ybak.  io  Cbnts  a  Copt. 

FoRKiGir  Rates  I1.50  per  Year. 

Published  monthly  by 

Tfie  Land  of  6un6fiine  Pubfcfiing  Co. 

INCOHPORATCO 

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BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 
W.  C.  Pattersok  ....  President 
Chas.  F.  Lummis,  V..Prest.  &  Managing  Editor 
P.  A.  Patter  -  Secretary  and  Business  Mgr. 
H.  J.  Fleishman  ....  Treasurer 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis     .       -       -       -     Attorney 

Entered  at  the  I,08  Angeles  Postoffice  as  second- 
claM  matter. 

Address  advertising,  remittances,  etc.,  to  the 
Business  Manager. 

All  MSS.  should  be  addressed  to  the  Editor. 
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turn postage. 


STOCKHOLDERS 


Chas.  Forman 
D.  Freeman 
F.  W   Braun 
Jno.  F.  Francis 
C.  G.  Baldwin 
S.  H.  Mott 
W.  C.  Patterson 
B.  W.  Jones 
H.  J.  Welshman 
Ferd  C.  Gottschalk 
Cyrus  M.  Davis 
Chu.  P. " 


Geo  H.  Bonebrake 
C.  U.  Willard 
P.  K.  Rule 
Andrew  Mullen 
I.  B.  Newton 
Fred  L.  Alles 
M.  E.  Wood 
Chas.  Cassat  Davis 
Alfred  P.  Griffith 

E.  E.  Bostwick 
H.  E.  Brook. 

F.  A.  Pattee 


New  Readers. 

Mr.  G.  H.  Paine  is  carrying  on  a  thorough 
campaign  in  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  in  behalf 
of  this  magazine.  He  has  full  authority,  and  is 
wholly  trustworthy.  His  loss  of  an  arm'  has  not 
lessened  his  competency,  and  those  who  meet 
him  will  find  him  a  man  they  cannot  say  "no" 
to— and  will  not  wish  to. 


The  society  event  of  the  month  was  the  open- 
ing  ball  at  Abbotsford  Inn  on  the  loth.  Messrs. 
Shepard  and  Brant,  the  new  proprietors  of  this 
justly  popular  family  hotel,  spared  no  efforts, 
and  the  "affair"  ea.silv  surpassed  anything 
heretofore  attempted. 


"  Brightest  and  Breeziest." 

The  San  Francisco  Chronicle  says  (March  2) 
"  The  Land  of  Sunshine  for  March  is  the 
brightest  and  breeziest  number  .  .  .  yet  brought 
out.  It  would  be  a  great  thing  for  some 
of  the  other  magazines  on  this  coast  and 
the£astif  they  had  as  alert  and  judicious 
an  editor  in  charge  of  them.  Lummis 
knows  what  people  want  to  read,  and  he  gives 
it.  .  .  .  You  never  find  in  his  work  or  in  that  of 
his  contributors  an  idea  beaten  out  to  indecent 
thinness  in  order  to  fill  up  space." 


•'Far  Superior." 

Apropos  of  the  curious  sort  ot  honesty  displayed 
by  a  worried  contemporary,  the  Toledo  Sunday 
Journal  says : 

"  Mr.  Rounsevelle  Wildman  makes  a  great  mis- 
take when  he  calls  his  monthly  '  the  only  one 
published  on  the  coast.'  The  Land  of  Sun- 
shine, published  at  Los  Angeles,  Chas.  F.  Lum- 
mis, editor,  is  so  far  its  superior,  the  Overland 
man  did  well  to  forget  to  remember  it. 


The  San  Felipe  Hotel  at  Albuquerque,  New 
Mexico,  is  beyond  question  the  leading  hotel  in 
that  city.  Families  will  find  it  the  hotel, 
noted  lor  courteous  treatment  and  reasonable 
rates.     See  advertisement  in  our  columns. 


Mr.  F.  A.  Shepard  has  purchased  an  interest  in 
Abbotsford  Inn,  and  together  with  Mr.  C.  A. 
Brant,  is  endeavoring  to  place  the  Abbotsford  at 
the  head  of  the  first  rank  of  family  and  tourists 
hotels  in  Los  Angeles  where  it  properly  belongs. 
Messrs.  Shepard  and  Brant  a»-e  experienced  hotel 
men,  active,  energetic  and  up  to  the  times. 
Under  their  guidance  the  success  of  Abbotsford 
Inn  is  assured. 

On  one  of  the  following  pages  of  this  magazine 
will  be  found  a  most  ingenious  invention  by 
Peter  Stone,  of  Los  Angeles,  in  the  shape  of  a 
water  filter.  This,  by  the  way,  is  the  only 
filter  recommended  by  Ralston,  and  is  well 
worth  a  visit  of  inspection. 


Woodlawn,  the  residence  tract  of  Los  Angeles. 
Prices,  |6oo,  $700,  $750,  |8oo  and  |iooo.  This 
property  can  only  by  obtained  from  the  owner, 
Thos.  McD.  Potter,  319J4  So.  Broadway,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 


As  a  sure  index  of  increasing  popularity,  the 
.space  occupied  by  the  fruit  stand  of  J.  D.  Robin- 
son,  234  W.  Second  street,  is  steadily  increasing. 
At  the  present  rate  it  would  be  only  a  question  of 
days  when  the  genial  and  pushing  importer  and 
wholesaler  of  foreign  and  domestic  fruits,  prod- 
uce,  nuts,  etc.,  will  have  a  corner  on  the  whole 
of  his  side  of  the  block. 


The  Modern  Cure  for  Disease. 

SEND 

WATSON  &  CO., 


SEND     POH    BOOK. 

Pacific  Coast  Agenta, 

124  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Please  mention  that  you 


the  Lahd  of  Sdvbhikb." 


Tfie  Averu  Staub  Sfioe  Co. 


BYRNE  BUILDING 

COR.  THIRD   AND   BROADWAY 

LOS  ANGELES,   CAL. 


255  South  Broadway 


FINE    FOOTWEAR 


For  STYLE 
FIT- 

AND 


WEARING  QUALITIES 


Our  Stock  of  Shoes  Cannot  be  Excelled. 


Senc3     for    Ne-w     Cattilogue 


Hot  Springs  Hotel 

and  Bath  House 

Under  One  Koof.     In  the  Center 
of  City. 

The  best  Hot  Sulphur  Water  and  Mud  Baths  on 

the  Pacific  Coast.  Rates,  including  Baths, 

$8  to  $12  per  week. 

E.  Z.  BLI/WBy,  Proprietor 

£lsinore,  Cal.,    on   Santa  Fe  Railway 


[^GRAYING  Co. 

ENCRAVINOS  for  mt  PRINIIN6  PRESS. 


AND 


I 


WHOLESALE   AND    RETAIL 

mil  "We  deal  directly  -with,  tlie  Indians. 

11^!^ We  will  fill  your  mail  orders  conscientiously. 

(^  We  'will  fill  your  mail  orders  promptly. 

^^  AATe  will  save  you  MONEY. 

^P''^  ^     Headquarters  for  Indian  Plaques,  Jewelry,  Etc. 
BABBITT    BROTHERS,    flagstaff,  Arizona. 


Indian  Baskets 
Navajo  Blankets 
Pueblo  Pottery 

Mail  Orders 

Solicited. 
Catalogue  Sent 

Free. 


OPKLS 


M       ■■•VlIlV/Mll, 

Mexican  Drawn  Worlt   and   Hand-Carved  lieatlier 
Goods.     Indian  Photos   (blue  prints)  10  c.  each. 

W.  D.  Campbeirs  Curio  Store, 

326  Soutb  Spring  St.,  lios  Angeles,  C»l. 


P1«WM!  montlvn  UMt  you  **  saw  it  U  tlie  Vaivq  of  SuKnmm.' 


Los  Angelbs  is  a  progressive  city  of  over  80,000 
inhabitants  having  increased  from  a  population 
of  11,000  in  1880.  It  is  still  growing  more  rapidly 
than  any  city  of  its  size  in  the  United  States.  It 
is  the  terminus  of  sixteen  lines  of  railroads,  in- 
cluding three  transcontinental  lines.  The  value 
of  buildings  erected  last  year  was  $4,300,000. 

To  show  the  remarkable  growth  that  has  been 
made  by  Southern  California  it  is  only  necessary 
to  state'that  while  the  increase  in  population  of 
the  State  in  ten  years  was  39  per  cent.,  that  of 
Southern  California  was  319  per  cent. 

Bank  clearances  have  for  a  year  past  shown  an 
improvement  almost  every  week,  while  the 
figures  from  a  majority  of  other  cities  have 
frequently  shown  a  decrease. 


OLDKST  AND  LARGEST  BANK  IN  SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA. 

Farmers  and  Merchants  Bank 

OF  LOS   ANOELBS,   CAL. 

Capital  (paid  up)      -        -      $500,000.00 
Surplus  and  Reserve  -        -    820,000.00 

Total       -  |i  ,330,000.00 

OFFICKRS  : 

I.  W.  Hellman President 

H.  W.  Hellman Vice-President 

Henry  J.  Fleishman Cashier 

G.  A.  J.  Heimann Assistant  Cashier 

DIRECTORS : 

W.  H.  Perry,  C.  E.  Thom,  J.  B.  Lankershim. 
O.  W.  Childs,  C.  Duccommun,  T.  L.  Duque. 
A.  Glassell,  H.  W.  Hellman,  I.  W.  Hellman. 
Sell  and  Buy  Foreigp  and   Domestic  Exchange, 

Special  Collection  Department, 

Correspondence  Invited. 


^a/fi/t^ 


OF  LOS  ANGELES. 

Capital  Stock $400,000 

Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits  over      230,000 

J.  M.  Elliott,  Prest.,  W.G.  Kbrckhoff,  V.Pre« 

Prank  A.  Gibson.  Cashier. 

G.  B.  Shaffer,  Assistttnt  Cashier. 


J.  D.  Hooker, 
W.  C.  Patterson 


directors: 
J.  M.  Elliott,  F.  Q.  Story, 

J.  D.  Bicknell.      H.Jevne, 

W.  G.  KerckhofT. 

No  public  funds  or  other  preferred  deposits 

received  by  this  bank. 


M.  W.  8TIM8ON,  Prest.     C.  9.  Cristy,  Vlce-Prest. 
W.  B.  McVat,  Secy. 

FOR  GOOD  nORTQAQE   LOANS 


WNITK    TO 


CAPITAL  S200.000 

223  South  Spring  Street, 

Los  Angeles,  CaL 


CALIFORNIA 

Teachers'  Examinations 

[  NEW   edition  ] 

1500  QUESTIONS,    TOPICALITY 
ARRANGED 

Excellent  review  for  examinations,  or  for 
testing  advanced  pupils.  Primary  questions, 
100  pp.,  50  c.  Grammar  and  High  School,  25  c 
each.  Keys  :  Arithmetic,  40  c  ;  Algebra,  25  c  ; 
Book-keeping,  15  c. 

TEACHERS  prepared  for  California  ex- 
aminations in  class  or  by  correspondence. 

Positions  secured. 

BOTNTON  NORMAIi, 

525  Stimson  Block,  Los  Angeles. 


G.  F.  GRANGER 

Real  Estate  and  Investment  Broker 

stocks,  Bonds,  Mortgages. 

Pasadena    Property    a   Specialty 

231   W.  SECOND   ST. 

Tel.  695  Cor.  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

THE  LOCKED  WIRE  FENCE  CO. 

381^  S.  Broadway,  L.08  Angeles,  Cal. 


The  best,  cheapest  and  most  durable  fence  system 
in  existence  for  Ranch,  Lawn  or  Garden  ;  also 
for  turning  rabbits  and  chickens  with  wire  net- 
ting suspended  on  latteral  wires  and  upright 
stays  cros.sing  them  and  through  netting  in- 
creases strength  and  durability  300  per  cent,  and 
a  great  saving  of  posts.  The  stay  and  clamp 
applied  to  loose  barb  wire  fence  takes  up  the 
sUck  and  ties  wire  together,  increasing  the 
strength  many  times  over  the  old  way.  [The 
netting  is  only  used  when  needed  to  turn  chick- 
ens, rabbits  and  dogs  ]  All  kinds  of  wood  lat- 
tice, picket  and  lath  fences  and  gates  con.structed. 
Barb  and  smooth  wire  and  netting  in  any 
quantity  at  lowest  rates.  Call  at  office  or  address 
J.  g.  AVARS.  321%  South  Broadway. 
Circulars  mailed  on  application. 


/Hj    A  QQ    Book  Binders, 

OrJ-/jrVOO  Blank  Book  Manufacturers. 

&  LONG  "'■"^^"'Jlif'klkdc.. 

Tel.  Main  535. 


Please  mefltion  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  op  Sumiihinr.' 


—I  OFFER—         l; 

FOR  SALE 

At  Extremely  Low  Prices  for  Cash  TjjS^ 

some  of  the  ^]« 

^     CHOICEST  PROPERTY     1 

^^  In  this  City  and  County.  .^g 


It 


1 

If 


It 
It 


1.  Eighty-three  (83)  lots  on  Baxter  st.,  about  two  miles  from 
center  of  city  and  within  300  feet  of  branch  line  of  electric 
railroad  ($100  per  lot),  spot  cash,  lump  sum,  $8300. 

2.  Ten  and  one-half  (io>^)  acres  on  Efl5e  st.,  under  cultiva- 
tion and  in  the  oil  district,  $500  per  acre,  spot  cash,  $5250. 

3.  All  of  block  bounded  by  Fourth,  Figueroa  and  Fifth  sts. 
and  Beaudry  ave. ,  660  feet  in  length;  11  lots  from  street  to 
street ;  handsomest  residence  sites  in  the  city  ;  spot  cash,  $15,000. 

4.  Block  fronting  330  feet  on  Fifth  st.,  and  300  feet  on  Fre- 
mont and  Beaudry  aves.;  10  lots,  each  60x165  I  equal  to  the 
Normal  School  site  ;  one  of  the  most  desirable  residence  blocks 
in  the  city  ;  spot  cash,  $15,000. 

5.  Two  beautiful  lots  on  Fremont  ave.,  between  Fifth  and 
Sixth  sts.,  each  60x165  feet,  with  valuable  improvements, 
graded  and  sewered,  in  good  neighborhood,  near  electric  car 
line  ;  spot  cash,  $4000. 

6.  Elegant  family  residence,  14  rooms,  highly  improved 
grounds,  expensive  barn,  4  lots  at  corner  of  Sixth  st.  and 
Beaudry  ave.,  extending  from  Beaudry  to  Fremont  ave. ;  spot 
cash,  $18,000.     See  cut  on  page  253. 

7.  Fourteen  (14)  lo-acre  lots  in  high  state  of  cultivation, 
partly  planted  in  olive,  orange,  peach  and  prune  trees  ;  the  best 
of  soil ;  water  reservoired  and  piped  to  corner  of  each  lot ; 
everything  first-class  and  suitable  for  horticultural  purposes 
and  suburban  homes  ;  in  the  **  frostless  belt,"  in  the  foothill 
valley  west  of  Echo  Mountain,  10  miles  north  of  Los  Angeles 
and  adjoining  Pasadena;  elevation  about  iioo  feet  above  sea 
level  ;  along  the  line  of  the  proposed  electric  railway  and  Salt 
Lake  road,  about  a  mile  from  Arroyo  Park  Station,  Terminal 
Railroad  ;  terms  to  suit  purchasers. 

8.  One  thousand  (1000)  acres  in  the  La  Canyada  Valley  and 
foothills,  at  the  base  of  the  Sierra  Madre  Mountains,  10  miles 
north  of  Los  Angeles,  with  water  and  water-rights ;  spot  cash, 
lump  sum,  $100,000. 

This  Is  my  own  property,  and  Is  for  sale  at  First  Hands. 

WILL    D.    GOULD 

ATTORNEY-AT-UAW 

Rooms  82-85  Temple  Block,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


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Lacy  Manufacturing  Company 


MANUFACTURERS 
OF 

STEE 


z  WATER  PIPE 


Well  Caslug,  Oil  Tanks  and  General 
Sheet  Iron  Work. 

IRRIGATION    SUPPLIES 

Works,  corner  New  Main  and  Date  Streets. 

Office,  Room  4,  Baker  Block 
TELCPHONr  196  Los  Angeles,   Cal. 

DHALERS    IN 
CaST     IRON     I»II»B 


Leonard  Merrill 


HAS   A   SELECTED    LIST  OF 
CHOICE 


Los  Angeles 


On  his  books.  Some  of  it  to  ex- 
change for  GOOD   EASTERN 

PKOPEKTY.  Will  be  pleased 
to  have  you  call  at  my  office,  or 
correspond  with  me.  Informa- 
tion concerning  Southern  Califor- 
nia free. 


IvEONARD    IVIERRIIvIv 

240     BRADBURY     BLOCK 

LOS   ANGELES,    CAL. 


HUNTER  &  CAMFIELD 

lipi/    SOUTH 


REAL   ESTATE 

INSURANCE 
AND  LOANS 

BROADWAY 
General  Business  Agents         IvOS  Angeles,  Cal. 
Exchanges  Telephone  319 


Grand  Canyon 


FOK    YOUR    VACATION    take  a  trip  to  the   GRAND    CANYON    OF 
THE  COLORADO.    The  rates  are  low  and  the  provisions  for  comfort  ample. 
Write  to  or  call  on 

J.  H.  TOLFREE,  Hotel  Nadeau, 

Los   Angeles,    Cal. 


One  of  the  cars  of  Los  Angeles  and  Pasadena  Ry.    Runs  every  thirty  minutes 

from  Fourth  and  Spring  streets,  Los  Angeles,  to  Pasadena;  also 

out  Bellevue  Avenue  to  Elysian  Park. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


>Vm.  S.  ai^LEN 


DEALER   IN 


FURNITURE 


and  CARPETS 


MATTING,  OIL  CLOTH  AND  LINOLEUM 
BEDDING,    WINDOW  SHADES 

SILK  AND  LACE  CURTAINS,  PORTIERES 
CURTAIN     FIXTURES,      BABY 

CARRIAGES,    UPHOLSTERY     GOODS,     ETC. 

TELEPHONE    241 
332-33A  South  Spring  Street 

LOS  ANGELES,   CAL. 


SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA  COLONY 

18,000  acre  ranch  in  Orang:e  County,  California, 
on  line  of  So.  California  R.  R..  about  midway 
between  Los  Angeles  and  San  Diego.  8000  acres 
unexcelled  for  deciduous  fruits  and  grain,  bal- 
ance splendid  pasture  land.  Just  the  place  for 
large  colony  of  farmers,  horticulturists  and 
sheep-growers.  Climate  perfect.  A  fortune  in 
this  for  subdivision  into  small  ranches,  farms  or 
townsites.     For  particulars  address  or  apply  to 

RICHARD  A1.TSCHUI.,  Sole  Agent, 

123 J^  W.  Second  St.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


FRiJBEL  INSTITUTE  <=-  -  -o-) 

caesT  HDAcns  st.  cor.  hoover  st. 

UOS   AriGEUES 

All  i^rades  taught,  from  Kindergarten  to  College 
Training  School  for  Kindergartners  a  specialty 
PROF.  AND  MME.  LOUIS  CLAVERIE. 
Circular  sent  on  application. 


JUST  ©UT 


1896 


CATALOGCIE    A/MB     PKICE     LIST 


OF=- 


Established  1882. 


H.JEVNE 


WHOLESALE 


GROCER 


RETAIL 


An  edition  of  15,000  most  complete  Price  Currents  ever  published. 
SEND  OR  CALIy  FOR  A  COPY 

136  and  T38  NORTH   SF>RTNO  SXRBEX 


THERE  IS  A 


Medicinal  Touch 

In  the  air  along  the  Sierra  Madre  foot-hills  that  all  can  feel,  but  none  can  describe.    Here  Is  located 
that  charming  health  resort 

Sierra  Madre  Sanitorium, 

hospital,  but 

"  "  rest  cure,"  "  massage,*'  "  faradization,  "  ^alvan- 
ncnts,"  "dieting,"  "baths,"  "physical  training," 
lent,  can  be  had  in  perfection  at  reasonable  prices. 


It  is  not  a  hospital,  but 
A  Quiet,  home-like  place,  where  "  trained  nurses 
zation,"  "static  electrization,'   "  Swedish  movements, 
and  all  that  pertains  to  modern  rational  treatment 

Dr.  Chas.  Lbb  King, 

Medical  Superintendent. 


Wm.  p.  Manspibld, 

Manager. 
Lamanda  Park  P.  O.  and  Station,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  California. 


Ple«M  mention  that  you  **  saw  it  in  the  Lamo  or  SvifSHiUB.'* 


LA  FIESTA  DE  L05  ANGELES 


UNIQUE 

CHARACTERISTIC 

BEAUTIFUL 


flPI^IIi  22m26,  1896 

THE  ANNUAL  CELEBRATION  OF  SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA 
AND  THE  SOUTHWEST ■ 


Interesting  day  parade  of  Spanish  Caballeros,  Mexican  Taque- 
ros,  Indians  and  Chinese.  Magnificent  night  pageant  of  <<  The 
L.ands  of  the  Sun."    A  carnival  of  30,000  maskers.     A  beautiful 

floral  parade  of  300  equipages  covered  with  fragrant  blossoms,  worked  out  in  unique 

designs— impossible  elsewhere  on  the  continent  outside  of  sunny  Southern  California. 

The  railroads  offer  every  facility  for  a  delightful  trip  to  the  coast.  Liocal  rates  greatly 

reduced.    Ample  hotel  accommodations  at  low  rates. 


ACRES    or    LAND    POR    SALE 

SUBDIVIDED    TO    SUIT 

IN  SAN   LUIS  OBISPO  AND  SANTA  BARBARA 
COUNTIES 

Suitable  for  Dairying,  Fruit  and  Vegetable  Growing.    Climate  perfect,  Soil  fertile,  Water  abundant, 
I15.00  to  lioo.oo  per  acre.    Terms  to  suit.    Don't  buy  until  you  see 
this  part  of  California. 
For  further  Information  apply  to  : 

PACIFIC  LAND  COMPANY  (Owners) 

SAN  LUIS  OBISPO,  CALIFORNIA 


This  flagazine, 


IS    PRINTED   WITH    NO.    168   HaLF-TONE    BLACK 
MADE    BY 

California  Ink  Company 

OF  SAN   FRANCISCO 

Los  Angeles  Branch 

125  E.  Second  St, 

Send  for  Our  Color  Specimen  Book 

MAX    MERTEN,    AGENT 


WC    ARE    THE    ONLY    MANUFACTURERS    OF 
FINE    BLACK    PRINTINQ    INKS 
ON    THE    COAST 


SECONDO  GUASTI 

PURE 

California  Wines 

AND 

BRANDIES 

Winery  and  Vineyards  at  West 
Glendale,  I<os  Angeles  Co. 

OFFICE  AND  WIN»  VAULTS 
COR.  THIRD  AND  ALAMEDA 
ST  RESTS 
LOa  ANGBLBS,  CAL. 

FAMILY  TRADE  SOLICITED 

I,os  Angeles  Traction  Car  Co, 

passes  the  door. 

Telephone  810  Box  206 


Please  mention  that  you  "aaw  it  in  the  I«anp  or  SnrsHxint." 


DO  YOU  WANT  A  HOAE 


IN  ONTARIO  ? 


ii 


The  Model  Colony" 

of  Southern  California 


ORANGE  GROVES  we  have 

LEMON  GROVES      ■  sowd  banks 

„  ^  ^^r^     ^^  ^TT-  A  -r^  -r^rA  FIRST-CLASS  HOTELS 

WE  HAVE        OLIVE  ORCHARDS  electric  „oht 

GOOD  I.AND         APRICOT  ORCHARDS  electric  RY 

cooD  WATER  PEACH  ORCHARDS  complete 

GOOD  SCHOOLS 

PRUNE  ORCHARDS  sewer 

GOOD  CHURCHES  x  x>.  w  x>  xv    V>'XVV^xxx^x>.xvvJ 

GOOD  SOCIETY  ALMOND  ORCHARDS      *^"«" 

In  5,  I  o,  20,  or  40-Acre  Tracts 


At  reasonable  prices  and  on  terms 
to  suit  purchasers. 

For  full  information  and  descriptive  pamphlet,  write  to 

HANSON  &  CO., 

\  Or,  123  Pall  Mall,  London,  England.  OntafiO,     CaHfOmia. 

PlMM  MMitioa  that  yott  "  Mw  it  la  Uitt  Lajid  or  SXTmama." 


The  Day  of  New  Blood 

This  is  an  era  of  change— of  new  men,  new  ideas 

and  new  blood,  and  if  you  are  interested 

in  the  End  of  the  Century    it  is 

all  mirrored  in 

The  Fly  Leaf 

A  Pamphlet  Periodical  of  the  Modern 

CONDUCTED    BY 

WALTER   BLACKBURN    HARTE 

All  the  cleverest,  wittiest,  original.  Individual 
and  Independent  writers  of  the  East  and  West 
contribute  to  Fly  Leaf.  It  is  American  through- 
out with  no  Anglomania  in  it. 

Editor  Harte  is  young  and  audacious,  and  he 
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ii 


THE  INVESTOR 


A  Financial  Guide  to  Southern  California  and 

Weekly  Journal  of  Finance,  Insurance 

and  Trade. 

G.  A.  DOBINSON,  Editor. 

Published  every  Thursday. 

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Office,  4  Bryson  Block,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

illustrated  magazine, 
reveals  virgin  woods  and 
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and  quail— and  tells  of 
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freely  hunt  ana  fish. 

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NOW  ready: 


A  NOVEL  OF  TODAY 

BY  Percival  Pollard 


CAPE  OF  STORMS 


With  cover  design  (in  red,  white 

and  black)  by  Will  H.  Bradley 

and  title  page  by  John  Sloan.    A  limited  edition  on  hand-made  paper.     Subscriptions 

received  now  for  this  the  most  artistically  finished  volume  ever  presented  at  so  popular  a 

price;  Seventy- 6ve cent*.       THE  KCHO,  Chloafo. 


AS  A  SPECIAL  INDUCEMENT 


this  volume  will  be  sent  with  a  three  months'  sub- 
scription to  THB  ECHO  for  |i. 


PlcMc  mentioa  that  70a  "  mw  It  In  the  Laitp  or  Svirn 


Model  Home 


IN_ 


Southern  California 

To  Exchange  For 

Eastern  Income 
Property 

I  have  ten  acres,  thirty  miles  from  Los  Angeles, 
in  one  of  the  best  towns  in  Southern  California, 
set  out  in  bearing  walnuts,  apricots,  prunes  and 
oranges,  rich  sandy  loam  soil,  ample  water-rights 
for  domestic  use  and  irrigation  at  nominal  cost. 

Modern  ten-room  house,  beautiful  grounds, 
lawn,  flowers  and  shrubs,  in  fact  a  complete 
home  at  a  moderate  price,  |8,ooo,  that  will  pay 
now  ten  per  cent,  net  per  annum  from  fruit  on 
place,  and  get  better  each  year.  Will  take  good 
property  in  Michigan,  Illinois  or  Ohio,  to  value 
of  property  here,  less  $i,ooo,  which  must  be  in 
cash.  I  have  other  properties  for  sale  and  ex- 
change. Write  to  me  for  information  re- 
garding them  or  about  Southern  California. 

Leonard  Merrill 

240=241  Bradbury  Block 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


CALIFORNIA 


EARTHENWARE 

AND  STONEWARE 

Also  Manufacturers  of 

Peter  Stone's  Celebrated, ^^ 
Charcoal  Carbonated 
Water  Filter. 


WOltS,  309, 311 L  Mill  SIREET 

±.ii! 


Office: 
219  W 
Street 
liOg  Angeles 


Fourth 


COMBINEP 

vtrk 


Only  filter  recommended  by  Ralston. 


l>Olril>ExrER  «  WADSWORfri 

BROKKR® 

306  "Wegt  Second  St.,    IjOB  Angeles,  Cal. 

Buy  and  sell  Real  Estate,  Stocks,  Bonds  and 
Mortgages,  on  commission,  make  collections, 
manage  property  and  do  a  general  brokerage 
business.  Highest  references  for  reliability  and 
good  business  management. 


THE    TERMINAL 

Whose  lines  extend 
from  San  Pedro — the 
site  of  the  proposed 
deep  water  harbor  — 
through  Long  Beach, 
Los  Angeles  and  Pasa- 
dena, to  Altadena, 
where  connection  is 
made  with  the  electric 
railway  for  Rubio 
Canon  and  the  great 
incline  railway  for 
Kcho  Mountain  ;  and 
the  Glendale  Branch, 
traversing  the  beauti- 
ful Glendale  Valley,  to 
Glendale  and  Verdugo 
Park,  affords  the  tour- 
ist an  opportunity  to 
see  one  of  the  prettiest 
sections  of  the  "  Land 
of  Sunshine"  without 
the  exertion  usual  to 
long  trips. 


RAILWAY 


LOS  ANCELC3 


ALAMIT05 
LONGBEACn 


Trains^  lea^ 
for  Mountain 
9:10  a.  m.,  3:, 
p.m.,  and  ii: 
a.m.,  Sunday 

Trains  lea'' 
for  Beach  :  9:1 
a.  m.,  1:10  at 
5.00  p.m.,  dai 


~SJM  PEDRO 


Pacific  Coast  Steamship  Co., 

GOODALL,  PERKINS  &  CO.,  General  Agents 
San  Francisco. 

Steamers  leave  Port  Los  Angeles  and  Redondo 
every  four  days  for  Santa  Barbara,  Port  Harford 
and  San  Francisco. 

Leave  San  Pedro  and  East  San  Pedro  every  four 
days  for  San  Francisco  and  way  ports. 

Leave  Redondo  and  Port  Los  Angeles  every  four 
days  for  San  Diego. 

Northern    Routes    embrace    Portland,    Puget 
Sound,  Victoria  and  Alaska. 
W.  Parris,  Ag't,  123^^  W.  Third  St.,  Los  Angeles 

THE  PRESS  CUPPING  BUREAU 

OUAK.ANTBE8    PROMPT,   ACCURATE  AND 
RBLIABLB    SBRVICB. 

Supplies  notices  and  clippings  on  any  subject 
from  all  periodicals  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  business 
and  personal  clippings,  trade  news,  advance 
reports  on  all  contract  works. 

LOHNGEUSOFFIOEJIO  WEST  SECOND  STREET 


C.  I.  PARKBR 


FBRD.  C.  GOTTSCHALK 


ROOMS  I  AND  2  MUSKRGON  BLOCK 

THIRD  AND  BROADWAY 
I.OS  ANGBLBS,  CALIFORNIA. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  investing  Bastem 
capital  of  any  amount  in  city  or  country  prop- 
erty, or  in  mortgages  paying  7  per  cent,  interest 
net,  with  security  at  least  double  the  amount  of 
loan. 

We  refer  with  permission  to  the  Farmers 
and  Merchants  Bank,  and  First  National  Bank 
Los  Angeles. 

Correspondence  Solicited. 

PARKER  &  GOTTSCHALK 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshikb." 


THE    CHICAGO    LIMITED 


PULLMAN'S 

NEWEST 

PALACES 


HARVEY'S 

DINING  CAR 

SERVICE 


THE  QUICKEST  TRAIN  ACROSS  THE  CONTINENT 
RUNS  EVERY  DAY 

Leaves  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  8:00  p.  m.     Arrives  Los  Angeles  Daily  at  6:05  p.  m. 


The  Cuyamaca.... 


RAILROAD    GOES 


-^^ 


THROUGH    THE    HEART   OF    THE 
MOST  CHARMING  REGION 
IN  OUR  SOUTHLAND. 


If  you  don't  believe  SAN  DiEGO  has  a  beautiful  and  productive  back  country, 
make  a  trip  to  the  Lemon  Grove,  La  Mesa  and  El  Cajon  districts— visit  Lakeside. 

SEEING     IS    BELIEVING 

Fine  Hunting  all  the  year  round. 

San  Diego,  Cuyamaca  &  Eastern  Ry. 

WALDO  S.  "WATERMAN,   Gen'l  Manager, 

Depot  Foot  of  loth  Street,  San  Diego,  California. 

99^  WRITE  FOR  FURTHER  INFORMATION. 


piNE  ^ALF-TONE  pRINTINO 


A  SPECIALTY 


j^ingsley 
Qarnes 

& 

^euner 
Co. 


Printen  and  Binders  to     4  p«9    r«^..— ..   n^>^.^...... 

"LAKDo^suifSHiN. '  123  South  Broadway 


226  S.  Spring  St.,  Los  Angei^es 

Oldest,  Largest  and  Best.    Send  for  Catalogue. 


G.  A.  Hough, 

President. 


N.  G.  Felker, 

Vice  President. 


Send 

for 

Catalogue 


A  Memo. 

i°',n  service  .Mh^ 
Several  DepartmcwU 


^WoiKeri 


G.  G.  WICKSON  &  CO. 

1  1  1  SOUTH  BROADWAY,  LOS  ANGELES 

3  &  5  Front  St.,  San  Francisco 

249  Stark  St.,  Portland,  Ore. 


Poland 

Water 

Company 


Rock 

s 


BARTHOI.OMEW 
Manager 

502  S.  Broadway 


TEI.EPHONE  936 


^  About  ^ 
Enterprise 


m 


jOME  people  are  just  enterprising  enough  to  get  a  dollar  and  give 
nothing  for  it  —  shortsighted  enterprise.  Other  people  are 
•  ^^K£k~  enterprising  enough  to  give  a  dollar's  worth  for  every  hundred 
y^  cents  —  long-headed  enterprise.  The  Enterprise  Carriage  Co.,  of 
Miatnisburg,  Ohio,  is  rightly  named.  They  have  got  the  right  kind  of 
enterprise,  the  honest  kind.  They  have  the  enterprise  to  make  a  good 
Buggy  for  a  moderate  price.  We  sell  their  Buggies  because  we  know 
they  are  the  best  Buggies  for  the  money  that  the  money  will  buy. 
That's  what  we  call  honest  enterprise.  The  man  with  a  barn,  a  horse 
or  an  acre  of  ground  ought  to  get  acquainted  with  us. 

We  have  quite  a  large  book  (the  postage  on  it  is  five  cents).  It  tells  all 
about  the  things  we  sell,  and  shows  pictures  of  most  everything  ^in  our 
line.     We'll  send  it  free  if  you'll  drop  us  a  postal. 

MATHEWS     IMPLEMENT    CO., 
120,  122  and  124  S.  Los  Angeles  St.,   Los  Angreles,  Cal. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Lakd  of  Sttnshinb." 


Wc  have  the  Largest  and  Most  Elegant  Jewelry  Store  In  Southern 

California,  and  would  cordially  invite  you  to  call  and  inspect  our  magnificent  stock. 
Diamonds,  Fine  Gold  Je^elry.lSterling  Silver,  Silver-Plated  Wares,  Silver  Mounted 

Leather  Goods,  Beautiful  Enamel  Jewelry. 

OUR  AN6EL  SPOON— made  in  tea,  coflfee  and 
orange  spoons. 


Novelties  in  Sterling  Silver. 
Opera  Glasses. 


The  only  special  local  souvenir  spoon 
made  in  Southern  California. 

Design  Patented— Beware  of  Imitations. 
/Wontgomery  Bros.,  jewelers  and  silversmiths. 
120-1258  North  Spring  St..  I.oa  Angreles,  Cal. 


WHY     YOU     SHOULD     USE     OUR 

GAS  STOVES 

ist.  Because  they  are  much  cheaper  than  coal 
stoves. 

2nd.  Because  they  cost  less  to  keep  in  re- 
pair. 

3rd.  Because  they  save  enormously  in  "time 
and  temper,"  require  no  attention,  and  can  be 
lighted  and  extinguished  in  a  minute. 

4th.  Because  they  make  neither  dirt,  smoke 
nor  ashes. 

5th.  Because  they  take  up  very  little  space, 
and  for  this  reason  are  especially  desirable  for 
those  who  have  small  kitchens  or  who  reside  in 
flats. 

LOS  ANGELES  LIGHTING  CO., 
4.57   SOUTH   BROADWAY. 


LOS  ANGELES 
INCUBATORS 

AND    BROODERS 
ANC    BK«T 

Poultry  Supplies 

Bone  Cutteri,  Alfal- 
fa Cuttert,  Shell 
Qrinders,  Spray 
P  u  m  p  1,  Caponiz- 
ing  Seta,  Drinking 
Kountaina,  Poultry 
Booka,  ate.  CaU- 
loguaa  Ftm. 

JOHN  D.  MKKCKK.  117  E.  Seoond  St. 


49*  Send  for  utnto-date  Catalogue,  just  issued. 
KDWARDS  &  JOHNSON, 
113  North  Main  Street,   I^os  Aiif^eloH. 


Please  mention  that  you  "taw  it  in  the  Lano  ok  sun.shinb." 


^■'iV-WiiViiSiiM^^yiiyiilfflrr^' 


AMERICA'S 
GRANDEST 
SEASIDE 
RESORT 


The    p-RItJE    OP    THE    PACIPie." 

t>o    A<ot     Fail     to    Visit 

Hotel 
deLGoronado 


Here   You    "Will   Find    Ctiarraing   People    and 
Amusements   Almost   "Witliout   End. 
Society    Centers    at   tliis. 

The  Foremost   Seaside   Resort 


THE    CLIMATE    IS    THE    BEST    ON    EARTH 


U.  S.  AND  FOREIGN  VESSELS  ARE 
GENERALLY  TO  BE  FOUND  HERE. 
NAVAL  AND  MILITARY  RECEPTIONS, 
AND  BALLS,  ARE  FREQUENT 


44 


Life    is    a    Dream'' at  Hotel    del    Coronado 


Los  Angeles  Agent : 

H.  F.  NORCROSS, 

129  N.  Spring  St. 


E.  S.  BABCOCK,  Manager, 

Coronado  Beach,  Cal- 


«|t(|<(|«l 


Be     Wise     and     Go    to 


Hotel  del  (Coronado 


^^JSi¥^^Ji^^^i^^tlLn^Ly>l^ 


*<  Ti-io     fMPa/^/^iv.    r>m    'A.I    I 


Tr^rio  I  OT*  »• 


Vol.  IV,  m.  6 


Lfl  FIESTA"  NU 


^^^      SUPERBUY 

II^UUSTRaXED 


COPfHiGHfeo    189^  Cr  I  AMOOP  SunSHirne   PUB  CO 


10 


CENTS      LAND  OF  SUNSHINE  PUBUSHINQ  CO., 

^^r^«  INCORPORATED 

A  COPY  501-605  5tini5on  Building. 


SI 


Stop  at 


FIESTA  VISITORS..,. 

itiBHOTEL  GT(EE/N 


.  Pasadena's 

Magnificent 

Moresque 

Palace 


IF   YOU    WANT   COMFORTABLE    QUARTERS 
DURING   THE   CARNIVAL 


G.  G.  GRBE/S,  Owner. 


The  newest  and  finest  Hotel  in 
lyos  Angeles  County.  Tennis 
Court,  Billiard  Room,  Private 
Theater,  Elevators,  Electric 
r^ights.  Gardens,  Reading  and 
Writing  Rooms,  Conservatory, 
Promenade,  Orchestra.  Over  300 
sunny  and  spacious  Rooms  with 
Private  Parlors  and  Bath. 

Only  30  Minutes  from  Los 
Angeles  by  three  lines  of  Steam 
Railway.  I^os  Angeles  and  Pasa- 
dena Electric  Cars  pass  the  door 
every  fifteen  minutes. 


J.  «.  HOLMES,  Manager. 


Tfie  Averu  5l:au5  5fioe  Co, 


COR.  THIRD  AND  BROADWAY  <^D5      OOUTH        BROADWAY 


LOS  ANGELES,   CAL. 


FINE    FOOTWEAR 


For  STYLE 
FIT- 
AND 


Our  Stock  of  Shoes  Cannot  be  Excelled. 


WEARING  QUALITIES 


Send    for    New    Cataloetie 


HOTEL  pLEASANTON 

Cor.  SUTTER  and  JONES  Sts. 

5ar?  pi'aws^:©,  <^\. 


;  Special  Rates  to  Tourists. 

:  Centrally  Located. 

:  Cuisine  Perfect. 

2  The  I,eading  Family  and  Tourist 

i  Hotel  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 


O.  n.  BRENNAN. 


Proprictop 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  I,and  of  Sunshine. 


YOU  WILL  KIND  THE 


HOLLEAIBEeK 


PI{EEmi]<lE]>lTIlV 


'^he  most  centrally  lo-     fc  M' 
cated,  best  appointed     T'A^  V 
and  best  kept  3otel 
in  the  city. 

^American   or    Suro- 
pean  Plan. 

Rates  reasonable. 

Second  and  ... ^ 

Spring  Streets     g^i^ni^^^' ' 

Los  AngeleSf  Cal. 


The  H^acIquaPters  in  lies   Angeles   for   the   Toupist   Travel 


GRIDER  &  DOW 

REAL  ESTATE  AND  INVESTMENT 

BROKERS 

ESTABLISHED  I88I-IN  LOS  ANGELES 


We  invite  correspondence  with  INVESTORS 
desiring  to  buy  or  sell  property  in  SOUTHERN 
CAI,IFORNIA  to  engage  in  MANUFACTURING 
or  other  lines  of  business. 

We  have  RANCHES  and  FARMING  LANDS, 
and  LARGE  TRACTS  desirable  for  COLONIZA- 
TION Purposes.  ORANGE,  LEMON  and  ENG- 
LISH WALNUT  Groves.  CITY  properly  for  sub- 
division. BUSINESS  KLOCKS  and  BUSINESS 
PROPERTY  for  sale.  BUSINESS  OPPORTUN- 
ITIES in  commercial  and  manufacturing  lines. 
Reference*:  Leading  Business  Men  and  Banks  in 
Los  A  ngeUs. 
OWNERS  AND  SOLE  AGENTS 
ForKincaid—Philbln-Grosser-Fletcher— Montezuma 
Clanton- Central  Ave.— Briswalter  and  Adams  Street 
Tracts. 

Send  for  illustrated  Catalogue  of  Farms  and 
City  Property. 

office:   139  SOUTH  BROADWAY. 


Near  the  Foothills 

Ten-acre 

Orange 

Groves 

in 

frostless 

locality. 

I  also  have  Peach 
and  Apricot  Orch- 
ards, and  Vineyards'and 
Farming      Lands      for 
Stock  and  Grain. 

All  first-class  and  plenty  of  water 
for  irrigation. 
CITY    BUILDING    LOTS 
Inquire  of  owner, 

W.  S.  ALLEN 

332-334  South  Spring  Street,  Los  Anoblbs,  Cal. 


California  Qurios  pointed  and  unpoHshed  shew  an 

V^  ^  -  v^  --  -- —     varieties  found  on  the  Pacific  Coast ; 

Gem  Stoms  ;  Mexican  Opals;  Japanese  Cats'  Eyes;  Orange  Wood,  plain  and 
painted  ;  Pressed  Flowers,  Ferns  and  Mosses  ;  Jewelry  made  from  Coast  Shells  ; 
5x8  Photos,  California  Scenes,  mounted  and  unmounted.      Wholesale  and  Retail. 

E.  L.  LOVEJOY,  126  W.  FOURTH  STREET 

Mail  Orders  Solicited.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


PlcMe  mention  that  yon  "  saw  it  in  the  LAin>  ov  STTirsBiini.' 


OCEAN    BATHING    IN    WINTER 


North  Beach  Warm  Plunge,  Santa  Monica,  Cal. 


Is  a  novelty  that  you  can  enjoy  no- 
where in  the  United  States  except  in 
Southern  California. 

AT    SANTA   MONICA 

THE 

BIG  PLUNGE 

is  warm  every  day  in  the  year,  and 
lots  of  people  go  in  the  ocean,  too. 
The  North  Beach  Bath  House  is 

equipped  with  fine  wool  bath  suits 
and  comfortable  rooms.     The 

HOT  SALT  BATHS   IN    PORCE- 
LAIN TUBS 

offer  perfection  of  comfort  and  scru- 
pulous cleanliness. 
4®-  Write  East    that    You  have 
been  swimming  in  mid-winter. 


$10 


PER     ACRE 

FOR     FINE     LANDS 

IN  THE 


$10 


yVm.  S.  ai^LBN 


FANITA  RANCHO 

EL  CAJON  VALLEY 

1669  Acres  for     -     .     $18,000 

1420  Acres  for     -     -     $12,000 

Smaller  Tracts  for  $30  to  $80  per  acre. 

WILL  GROW  ANYTHING. 

This  property  is  twelve  miles  from  the  city  of 
San  Diego  and  two  miles  from  Cuyamaca  Rail- 
road. It  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Hosmer  P. 
McKoon,  and  will  be  sold  at  the  appraised  value. 

For  further  information  address 

FANNIE  M.   McKOON,   EXECUTRIX. 

Santee,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal. 


DEALER   IN 


FURNITURE 
and  CARPETS 

MATTING,  OIIv  CLOTH  AND  LINOLEUM 
BEDDING,    WINDOW  SHADES 

SILK  AND  LACE  CURTAINS,  PORTIERES 
CURTAIN     FIXTURES,      BABY 

CARRIAGES,    UPHOLSTERY     GOODS,     ETC. 

TELEPHONE    241 
332-334  South  Spring  Street 

LOS   ANGELES,   CAL. 


ECHO    MOUNTAIN    HOUSE 


sm 

'/.' '  ^^'w^^^^^^^^^Hp^^' 

^^^m.^ 

^%"^'-.^^^^'''  ■ 

;^--^  " :-' '^^^fes^^ 

^  ::;' 

W',    '' 

•;/:;^:^/'  ■■ 

--■  -% 

^^SRi^M-^'- 

NEVER  CLOSES.  Bestofser- 
vice  the  year  round.  Purest  of  water, 
most  equable  climate,  with  best  hotel 
in  Southern  California.  Ferny  glens, 
babbling  brooks  and  shady  forests 
within  ten  minutes'  walk  of  the  house. 
Electric  transportation  from  Echo 
Mountain  House  over  the  Alpine 
Division  to  Crystal  Springs.  The 
grandest  mountain,  caiion,  ocean  and 
valley  scenery  on  earth.  Livery 
stables  at  Echo  Mountain,  Altadena 
Junction  and  Crystal  Springs.  Special 
rates  to  excursions,  astronomical, 
moonlight,  searchlight  parties^  ban- 
quets and  balls.  Full  information  at 
office  of 

MOUNT  I.OWE  RAIL. WAY, 

Cor.  Third  and  Spring  streets,  Los 
Angeles.  Grand  Opera  House  Block, 
Pasadena,  Cal.  Echo  Mountain  House 
Postofi&ce,  Echo  Mountain,  California. 


Fiesta  Visitors  should  not  miss  a  trip  over  this  unique  route. 

Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine." 


The  Land  of  Sunshine 

Contents— May,  1896. 


PAOl 


A  Semitropic  Contrast frontispiece 

An  American  Passion-Play  (illustrated),  Chas.  F.  Lummis 255 

A  Strange  Frolic  (illustrated),  Juan  de  la  Nieve 267 

La  Fiesta  de  Los  Angeles,  1896  (illustration) 270 

The  Queen  of  La  Fiesta  (illustration) 272 

TwoTigua  Folk-Songs  (illustrated),  John  Comfort  Fillmore 273 

The  Returned  Native  (poem),  W.  F.  Barnard 280 

California  (quatrain),  Clarence  Urmy  281 

Josh's  Revenge  (story),  Wm.  H.  Coffin,  jr 281 

The  Landmarks  Club 285 

Rocks  that  Make  Sounds,  Emma  S.  Marshall 286 

In  the  Lion's  Den  (by  the  editor) 287 

That  Which  is  Written  (by  the  editor) 290 

Alhambra  (illustrated) 293 

From  Mountains  to  Ocean  (illustrated) 298 


Interesting  Books  About  California. 

Gems  of  California  Scenery,  12  half-tone  engravings,  5x8  inches.... $    25 

Souvenir  of  Los  Angeles,  34  photogravures 25 

Los  Angeles,  the  California  Summerland,  17  8x10  pages,  37  photogravures      50 

Southern  California,  Van  Dyke,  12  mo.  cloth 50 

A  Truthful  Woman  in  California,  Kate  Sanborn 75 

Our  Italy,  Charles  Dudley  Warner  (illustrated,  quarto) 2  50 

California  Wild  Flowers,  oblong  folio i  00 

The  real  things,  pressed  and  mounted. 

The  Land  of  Poco  Tiempo,  Chas.  F.  Lummis 2  50 

And  all  other  works  by  Lummis. 

Stories  of  the  Foothills,  Margaret  Collier  Graham,  of  Pasadena i  25 

Mariposilla,  Mrs.  Chas.  Stewart  Daggert,  of  Pasadena i  25 

California  Mountains,  by  John  Muir i  50 

"  People  of  brains  and  heart  will  read  this  book  and  love  its  author." 

Among  the  Pueblo  Indians,  by  Eickmeyer,  (illustrated) i  75 

Helen  Hunt  Jackson's  world-famous  "  Ramona,"  cloth i  25 

Any  of  the  above  books,  as  well  as  any  book  published,  sent  post- 
paid upon  receipt  of  price. 

GARDNER  &  OLIVER. 
Booksellers  and  Stationers,  106  and  259  S.  Spring  St., 

LOS  ANGEI^BS,  CAL. 


WOODLAWN,  THE  NEW  RESIDENCE  TRACT  OF  LOS  ANGELES 

Call  on  Owner  for  Information,  at 

319>^   South  Broadway,  Los  Angeles,  Cah 

Woodlawn,  the  residence  tract  of  I,os  Angeles.    Prices,  $600,  $700,  $750,  $800  and  $1000.    This  property 
can  only  be  obtained  from  the  owner,  Thos.  McD.  Potter,  319%  So.  Broadway,  I,os  Angeles,  Cal. 


DARLING  &  PRATT 


REAL  ESTATE  AND 

INVEST/WENT  BROKERS 


References,  by  permission  : 
First  National  Bank, 
1,0s  Angeles  National  Bank, 
State  Loan  and  Trust  Co. 


Bradbury  Building,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


7% 


SOUTHERN     CALIFORNIA 


8% 


We  oflfer  a  choice  line  of  Southern  California 
first  mortgage  securities,  netting  the  investor  7 
to  8  per  cent,  on  farm  and  residence  property. 
Ten  yeais'  experience  and  no  foreclosures. 
Loans  all  made  upon  a  personal  examination  of 
the  security.  These  mortgages  are  good  as 
government  bonds.  Correspondence  invited. 
Highest  references  given.  We  give  special  at- 
tention to  the  care  of  estates  for  non-residents, 
to  the  collection  of  rents,  interest  and  other 
accounts. 


"Will  remove  June  Ist  to  Wilcox  Building, 
Rooms  210  and  2  12 

We  make  a  specialty  of  large  tracts  for  syn- 
dicates and  colonies.  Highest  grade  city  and 
suburban  property  and  fruit  lands.  We  have  a 
specially  good  bargain  now  in  the  choicest  foot- 
hill region  of  the  San  Gabriel  Valley  at  beautiful 
Elindora.  This  section  is  practically  frostless. 
On  account  of  closing  a  partnership  we  can  sell 
T2  acres  of  Washington  Navel  Oranges  and 
Eureka  Lemons,  all  6  years  old,  in  prime  con- 
dition, with  abundance  ot  water,  at  $525  per 
acre.  If  owners  retain  the  crop  they  agree  to 
pay  12  per  cent,  net  per  year  for  two  years,  and 
also  pay  taxes  and  care  lor  property  in  first-class 
manner. 


HAWLEY,    KING   &,  CO 


FINE  CARRIAGES   AND 
BICYCLES 


210  NORTH  MAIN  STREET 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine. 


''  We  Sell  the  Earth '' 


y^^^% 


BASSETT  &  SMITH 


POTUIONK 


ft  RE  yOl  1  ^°°^^°g  ^°^  *  Home  ?  Are  you  looking  for 
an  Investment  ?  Do  you  want  to  locate  in 
one  of  the  Finest  Spots  on  this  Earth?  Our  opinion  is 
that  that  spot  is  the  POMONA  VAI-IiEY.  There  may 
be  equals,  but  no  superiors. 

We  have  for  sale  in  this  valley,  and  elsewhere,  Olive 
Orchards,  Liemon  Orchards,  Orang^e  Orchards,  also 
frfp^mmm^^'—,  ^--i  orchards  of  Prune,  Peach,  Plum,  etc.,  etc.,  large  or 

-^POMQoi^'-  '  small;    also  Stock  Ranches,  Bee  Ranches,  and  large 

tracts    of  Land  for   Colony   purpose.      We  believe  the  OL.IVE  INDUSTRY  will  make  one 
of  the  best  paying  investments  on  this  coast.     We  now  have  for  sale  the  noted 

Hoixiland  Olive  Hanch  and   Olive  Oil  Plant 

150  Acres  with  fine  Olive  Oil  Mill;  income  last  year  over  $8,000.      For  Information  or  Descrip- 
tive Matter  about  California  or  any  of  her  industries,  call  on  or  address 


BASSETT  &  SMITH 


Pomona,  Cal 


C.  I.  PARKER 


FERD.  C.  GOTTSCHALK 


inveslmiBf 


ROOMS  I  AND  2  MUSKEGON  BLOCK 

THIRD  AND  BROADWAY 

LOS  ANOBLES,  CALIFORNIA. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  investing  Eastern 
capital  of  any  amount  in  dty  or  country  prop- 
erty, or  in  mortgages  paying  7  per  cent,  interest 
net,  with  security  at  least  double  the  amount  of 
loan. 

We  refer  with  permission  to  the  Farmers 
and  Merchants  Bank,  and  First  National  Bank 
Los  Angeles. 

Correspondence  Solicited. 

PARKER  4  GOTTSCHALK 


SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA  COLONY 

18,000  acre  ranch  in  Oranfrc  County,  California, 
on  line  of  So.   California  R.  R.  about  midway   j 
between  Los  Ansreles  and  San  Diego.    8000  acres  I 
unexcelled  for  deciduous  fruits  and  grain,  bal-  j 
ance  splendid  pasture  land.    Juf^t  the  place  for  j 
large    colony    of  farmers,    horticulturists     and   | 
sheep-growers.    Climate  perfect.    A  fortune  in 
this  tor  subdivision  into  small  ranches,  farms  or 
townsites.    For  particulars  address  or  apply  to 

RICHARD  ALTSCHVL,  Sole  Affent, 

i23)i  W.  Second  St. .  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  i 


FOR  SALE. 

Special  to  the  Land  of  Sunshine.— 6-room 
modem  new  Colonial  cottage.  Hall,  bath,  hot 
and  cold  water,  patent  water  closet,  fine  mantel, 
lawn,  street  graded,  etc.  Only  |3,5oo.  Terms. 
1500,  cash;  balance  monthly.  One  of  many  good 
homes  in  Los  Angeles  for  sale.  Before  you  buy, 
•ee  J.M.  TAYLOR*  CO.,  108  S.  Broad  waj. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Lamd  <w  Sumkhinb." 


WHEN  YOU  VISIT 

SAN    DIEGO 

REMEMBER    .  .  . 


RATES 

$2.50  PER  DAY 

AND    UP 


American  Plan  Only.  Centrally 
located.  Elevators  and  fire  escapes.  Baths, 
hot  and  cold  water  in  all  suites.  Modern  con- 
veniences. Fine  large  sample  rooms  for  com- 
mercial travelers. 


^Ww  Ranches,  Kesidences  and  all 

kinds  of  Real  Estate  in  Redlands  at  reasonable 
rates.  See  Redlands  before  buying.  Call  upon 
or  address  JOHN  P.  FISK,  Jr., 

Rooms  I  and  2  Union  Bank  Block, 

Redlands,  Cat. 


CALIFORNIA    WINE    MERCHAN' 


We  will  ship  two  sample  cases  assorted 
wines  (one  dozen  quarts  each)  to  any  part 
of  the  United  States,  Freight  Prepaid, 
upon  the  recipt  of  $9.00.  Pints  ( 24  in 
case),  50  cents  per  case  additional.  We 
will  mail  full  list  and  prices  upon  applica- 
tion. 

Respectfully, 


C.  F.  A.  LAST, 

131  N.  Main  St., 

.    Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


f-jOTEL  AT^CADIA,  Santa  Monica,  Cal 


The  only  first-class 
tourist  hotel  in  this, 
the  leading  coast  re- 
sort of  the  Pacific.  150 
pleasant  rooms,  large 
and  airy  ball  room, 
beautiful  lawn  and 
flower  gardens.  Mag 
n  i  fi  c  e  n  t  panoramic 
view  of  the  sea.  First- 
class  orchestra.  Surf 
and  hot  water  baths 
a  positive  cure  for 
nervous  and  rheumatic 
disorders. 

S.    REiNHART 

Proprietor 
Time  from  Los  An- 
geles by  Santa  F6  or 
S.  P.  R.R.  35  minutes. 


Please  mention  that  you  "saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshine." 


PURITY  1889-1896 

POPULARITY 
PRICE 

Are  the  points  that  sell 

CORONADO 
MINERAL 
WATER 

A  California  industry  of  seven  years' 
standing. 

For  present  prices  ask 

CORONADO   WATER  CO., 

CORONADO,    CAL. 

For  Quick  Delivery  in  Siphons, 

Bottles  or  Tanks,  you  can 

Telephone  to 

W.  L.  WHEDON, 

114  W.  First  street, 

Los  Angeles. 


VALUABLE  .  . . 
CIRCULATION 

MEANS    READERS 

To  gain  readers  and  hold  them, 

A  PUBLICATION 
MUST  FURNISH 
SOMETHING 
READABLE. 

The  leading 

LOS  ANGELES 
SAN   FRANCISCO 
CHICAGO 
BOSTON 
PHILADELPHIA 
and  NEW  YORK 

newspapers  say  that  the 

LAND  OF  SUNSHINE 

DOES. 


siD§e\es  ^t^ 

Company  y^ 
9esiigncf5Aii!i 

2054So.fl>rtin5r. 


PIcue  mcsUon  that  you  "saw  it  bUKjU^D  (DV  StncsHmit!'' 'ti^^ 


T§F 


EIGHTH  AND  HOPE  STS. 


The  only  thoroughly  comfort- 
able tourist  hotel  in  Los 
Angeles. 

;    Heated  throughout  by  steam. 

Convenient  to  four  lines  of  street 
railway. 

Just  outside  the  business  dis- 
trict. 

Strictly  first-class. 

None  but  white  labor  is  em- 
ployed. 


Patio  and  Office  of  the  Inn. 


ONE  BLOCK  FROM  GRAND  REVIEW  STAND  OF  THE 

ABBOTSFORD    INN    CO. 


FIESTA 


C.  N.  COTTON 

INDIAN  TRADER 
QALLUP,  N.  M, 


Wholesale  and    Retail 
Dealer  In 


Navajo 
Blankets 

AND 

Indian 
Curios 


Buys  Direct  from  the  Indians. 

Sells  at  IjO"west  Prices. 
Mail  Orders  Solicited. 

Write  for  Prices. 


(iJfte  ©j 


ai 


is  a  mountain-rimmed  val- 
ley, about  15  miles  distant 
from  the  Santa  Barbara  Channel,  and  950  feet 
altitude,  lying  between  I^os  Angeles  (distant  85 
miles)  and  Santa  Barbara  (37  miles).  The  climate 
is  particularly  beneficial  to  asthmatic  and  pul- 
monary invalids.  This  valley  is  famous  for  its 
wonderful  climate  and  beautiful  scenery.  The 
climate  is  particularly  adapted  to  those  suffering 
from  Asthma,  Bronchial,  Catarrhal  and  Lung 
Troubles.  The  adjacent  mountains  and  caiions 
furnish  good  sport  for  lovers  of  the  rod  and  gun. 

OAK  GLEN  COTTAGES 

(recently  renovated  and  improved)  is  the  only 
hotel  in  the  valley  having  cottages  separate  from 
main  building  and  situated  in  a  natural  park  of 
live  oaks.     For  rates  and  information,  address 

W.  H.  TURNER, 
Nordhoff  P.  O.,  Ventura  Co.,  Cal. 

Routes  :^Railroad  from  San  Francisco  and 
Los  Angeles  to  Santa  Paula,  Ventura  and  Santa 
Barbara.  Steamers  from  San  Francisco,  Los  An- 
geles and  San  Diego  to  Santa  Barbara  and  Ven- 
tura. From  Ventura,  daily  mail  stage,  fare  |i. 
From  Santa  Barbara,  semi-weekly  stage  over  the 
charming  Casitas  Pass  road,  fare  $3.  From  Santa 
Paula,  carriages.  Telephone  connection  with 
Ventura,  and  all  towns  in  Southern  California. 


Please  mention  that  you  "  saw  it  in  the  Land  of  Sunshins.' 


Vol.  4,  No.  6. 


LOS  ANGELES 


May,  loyb. 


THE   SOUTHWESTERN    WONDERLAND. 

'  // ;  An  American  Passion-Play. 


BY    CHAS. 


LUMMIS. 


% 


O  such  Americans  as  have  recently  finished  the  keeping  of 
Lent  with  what  they  were  pleased  to  deem  self-denial  and 
mortification  of  the  flesh,  it  may  be  of  interest  to  realize 
that  some  hundreds  of  their  fellow-citizens  got  out  of  the 
Forty  Days  much  less  cheaply.     For  to  be  a  Penitente  is 

W-'  '  not  exactly  to 

K.      'ilfff^  "  be  carried  to  the  skies 

,    '       ,N«^'v  On  flowery  beds  of  ease." 

It  .  V"  ^^  ™^°  ^^°  become  a  member  of  the  Third  Order  without 

jL'.  ^  expense  to  his  hide,  nor  stay  one  and  be  stingy  therewith . 

There  are  no  priests  nor  pew-rents  nor  collections  to  levy 

upon  the  purse.     But  one  must  squander  comfort  like  a 

very  spendthrift. 

I  shall  not  soon  forget  the  stir  when  I  first  published*  an  account  of 

the    Penitentes,    illustrated   with   the  first  photographs  ever  made   of 

them — and  the  only  ones  ever  made  yet  of  their  crowning  rites.     Since 

then,   the   fanatic   brotherhood   has  taken   its   place   in   literature   and 

history ;  but  at  that  time  there  were  people  who  found  it  hard  to  believe 

that  we  have  citizens  of  the  United  States  who  professionally  flagellate 

and  torture  themselves  and  once  a  year  crucify  one  of  their  fellows. 

But  whatever  doubts  survived  the  photographs,  Bandelier's  historical 

researches  have   silenced   forever.      He  has  traced   the   origin   of  this 

astonishing  order  and  commented  on   its  present  status.     And  every 

year,  too,  increases  the  number  of  American  witnesses. 

Pounded  in  Spain  in  the  i6th  century,  the  order  of  Los  Hermanos 

Ptnitentes  was  brought  to  America  by  the  Conquistador es.    But  neither 


•  In  The  Cosmopolitan  for  May,  1889. 
Ca^jright  1196  by  Uad  of  flunthin*  Pah.  Co. 


256 


LAND    OF  SUNSHINE 


in  its  inception  nor  its  early  prac- 
tice was  it  a  society  for  self-torture. 
It  was  merely  an  association  for 
religious  thought,  for  repentance 
by  fasting  and  prayer.  But  in  the 
isolated  communities  where  it  took 
root  in  the  New  World  it  did  not 
need  long  to  degenerate.  These 
were  those  for  whom  the  Catholic 
religion  was  too  weak  ;  and  doubt- 
less by  suggestion  of  that  strange 
self- whipping  craze  which  over-ran 
nearly  the  whole  of  Europe  in  the 
Middle  Ages,  the  Penitentes  took 
to  the  scourge.  As  early  as  1594 
the  first  public  flagellant  devotions 
took  place  in  North  America,  when 
Juan  de  Onate,  the  founder  of  New 
Mexico,  and  his  little  army  did 
penance  with  their  backs  in  what 
is  now  Chihuahua  but  was  then  a 
part  of  New  Mexico.  The  colonists 
who  finally  rooted  in  the  Territory 
and  persisted  through  danger,  lone- 
liness and  hardship,  began  a  brave 
people  and  grew  braver  ;  but  isola- 
tion has  only  one  possible  result — 
and  they  became  ingrown. 
The  ascetic  brotherhood  spread  and  flourished  among  these  people, 
remote  from  friends  and  comfort  and  safety.  It  grew  sterner  and  more 
fanatic  ;  and  presently  there  existed  an  order  stronger  than  any  political 
party,  in  a  way  stronger  than  the  church,  barbarous  as  the  surrounding 
savages.     The  American  conquest  nearly  half  a  century  ago  made  little 


Mausard-CoUier  Eng.  Co. 

THE  PITERO  AND    HIS  DAUGHTER 


Mausard-OoUier  Eng.  Co. 


THE  MORADA. 


AN    AMERICAN    PASSION-PLAY. 


257 


difference  with  anything  in  the 
Territory,  and  none  at  all  with  the 
Penitentes.  Here  was  still  out 
of  the  world.  The  slow  prairie 
schooner  came  and  went  and  left 
no  mark.  When  the  railroad 
entered  New  Mexico,  a  score  of 
years  ago,  the  brotherhood  num- 
bered many  thousand.  The  Church 
was  powerless  against  them.  They 
simply  laughed  at  the  fulminations 
of  the  Archbishop  —  I  have  in  my 
possession  several  of  his  bulls 
against  the  order  —  and  the  priest 
who  opposed  them  (as  many  brave 
pastors  did)  took  his  life  in  his 
hands.  When  Father  Brun  assumed 
the  parish  of  Taos,  nearly  thirty 
years  ago,  the  whitewashed  walls 
inside  the  church  of  Fernandez  de 
Taos  were  splattered  shoulder-high 
with  blood,  from  the  Penitente 
whippings ;  and  when  he  refused 
to  let  the  Brethren  profane  the 
building  again,  they  tried  several 
times  to  kill  him.  I  have  known 
a  good  many  of  the  famous  "bad 
men  "  of  the  frontier  ;  but  few  of 
them  have  ever  seen— and  still  fewer  have  dared 


Mausard-Collier  Kng   Co 

THE   HERMANO    MAYOR. 


-SO  much  of  danger  as 


MauMrd-€«lli«r  Kd||.  Co. 


THE  OLD  MILL.   SAN   MATEO. 

(M»ra<l»  in  th«  backKniiind.) 


AN   AMERICAN    PASSION-PLAY. 


»59 


Mansard -Col  Her  Eng.  Co. 


TWO   BROTHERS  OF  LIGHT. 


some  of  the  quiet  padres.  It  was  a  very  paradox;  this  murderous 
determination  of  the  Penitentes  to  fight  their  way  into  a  church  which 
has  so  long  refused  them.  They  would  like  the  Church  as  a  common 
rallying-point,  though  they  feel  that  they  have  risen  to  a  sort  of  Thirty- 
Third  degree,  far  over  the  heads  of  any  mere  christian  who  doesn't  care 
to  be  crucified  for  his  faith.  All  the  Penitentes  are  Mexicans.  Indians 
have  nothing  to  do  with  the  order. 

But  the  railroad  was  the  death-knell  of  the  order.  It  brought  mails 
and  made  travel  easy.  It  brought  strangers  to  witness  their  rites,  and 
made  it  harder  to  conceal  their  identity  from  the  Archbishop.  Bigotry 
dies  slowly  ;  and  in  spite  of  excommunication,  in  spite  of  the  gradual 
filling  of  New  Mexico  with  people  who  have  changed  the  balance  of 
public  opinion,  the  Penitent  Brotherhood  is  not  dead  yet.  But  it  is  on 
its  last  legs.  You  can  find  the  brotherhood  houses  within  ten  miles  of 
Santa  F6,  the  capital,  and  Albuquerque,  the  central  city  ;  in  the  Taos 
country,  and  in  Tajique,  and  the  Sandia  mountains,  and  Cubero,  and 
San  Mateo,  and  near  Raton  and  Trinidad  and  many  other  places.  But 
not  in  one  of  them  does  the  old  audacity  persist.     Most  of  these  places 


FIRST  PROCeSSION   TO  THE  GRAVEYARD. 


a6o  LAND    OF   SUNSHINE. 

still  have  Penitente  processions  —  but  only  the  shadow  of  the  old  sort. 
The  self-whipping  and  the  carrying  of  crosses,  the  tortures  with  cactus 
and  all  the  other  horrors  survive  only  in  the  most  remote  hamlets,  and 
even  there  with  considerable  secrecy.  For  New  Mexico  has  become  a 
very  diflferent  country  from  what  it  was  ten  years  ago. 

The  Penitentes  are  active  only  during  Lent.  The  rest  of  the  year  they 
have  no  reunions,  unless  to  bury  a  brother  —  at  midnight  in  the  solitudes, 
where  no  man  shall  know  his  grave  —  or  to  sentence  an  erring  member. 
The  order  is,  of  course,  oath-bound  ;  and  a  traitor  to  its  secrets  is  buried 
alive.  But  these  meetings  are  rare  ;  the  brethren  are  extraordinarily 
tenacious  of  life,  and  few  betray  the  order. 

With  the  beginning  of  the  Forty  Days,  however,  the  scattered  fanatics 
rally  to  their  common  center.  Each  region  has  its  Hermano  Mayor 
(Chief  Brother),  who  is  supreme ;  and  a  brotherhood  house  (called  the 
Morada)  at  some  central  point,  but  apart  from  public  haunt.  Besides 
the  active  members  who  torture  themselves  {hermanos  penitentes)  \h^^x% 
are  what  may  be  counted  honorary  members  —  the  hermanos  de  luz  or 


Union  Eng.  Co. 


Brothers  of  Light.  Awed  by  the  slow,  steady  warfare  of  the  Church, 
the  Penitentes  who  whip  themselves  or  wallow  in  cactus  or  get  crucified 
do  so  with  their  heads  bagged  in  a  hangman's  black  cap.  This  keeps 
them  unidentified,  but  also  unseeing  ;  and  the  Brothers  of  Light  act  as 
guides  to  the  blindfold  self-torlurers. 

A  great  many  Americans  now  have  witnessed  more  or  less  of  the 
Penitente  ceremonials.  Myself  1  have  seen  many  ;  and  on  Holy  Thurs- 
day and  Good  Friday,  1888,*  I  not  only  saw  every  thing  but  photographed 
the  procession  and  the  crucifixion  —  this  unprecedented  privilege  being 
obtained  partly  by  diplomacy,  partly  by  the  influence  of  a  Colt's  .44,  and 
largely  by  the  staunchness  of  a  Spanish  friend  than  whom  I  want  no  truer 
man  beside  me  when  my  back  is  to  the  wall . 

On  the  first  Friday  night  in  Lent  the  Penitentes  assemble.  As  that  is 
a  pastoral  country,  and  their  part  of  it  largely  wilderness,  some  of  them 
come  tedious  distances.  Fifty  miles  is  no  strange  thing  for  a  Brother  to 
trudge  in  from  the  sheep-herd  that  he  may  square  up  his  year  by  flaying 
his  back.  Tomorrow  he  will  trudge  back  to  his  flock.  And  next  Friday 
he  will  come  again.  And  in  Holy  Week,  he  leaves  all  other  things  and 
is  a  Penitente  pure  and  simple  ;  sleeping  on  the  bare  floor  of  the  Morada 


March  29  and  30,  that  year. 


AN    AMERICAN    PASSION-PLAY. 


261 


SELF-WHIPPERS  IN    PROCESSION. 

and  verifying  his  devotion  by  whatever  torture  approves  itself  to  his 
mind  as  most  heroic. 

These  services,  of  late  years,  are  carried  on  at  night,  until  the  last  two 
days.  The  belated  traveler  among  the  New  Mexican  ranges  is  like  to 
hear,  then,  the  most  hideous  sound  that  ever  despoiled  the  night  —  the 
unearthly  screech  of  the  piio,  a  reed  fife  with  unparalleled  carrying- 


nuittfji-rtn 


Q 


1 


THE  AIR  OF  THE  PENITENTES. 

power  —  and  by  caution  may  see